专题5 数词、主谓一致（讲义）-2026版湖南省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》

编写说明：2026版湖南省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》依据最新版《中等职业学校英语课程标准》、省编复习指导及历年真题编写。本资料紧扣历年考试趋势和最新考试动态，聚焦高频考点，精讲精练，共覆盖包括各类语法和题型的16个专题，助力考生高效复习。同时，为构建完整学习体系，每个专题均配套对应讲义和AB卷习题，满足多样化学习需求。 本专题是2026版湖南省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》的第5个专题，内容为数词、主谓一致。 2026版湖南省（对口招生）二轮复习《英语考纲专题练》 专题5 数词、主谓一致（讲义） 真题分析 1.数词 考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析 基数词和序数词 掌握基数词和序数词的基本构成、用法及相互转换 (2023模拟) About ______ students attended the vocational skills competition. A. three hundreds B. three hundred C. third hundred D. third hundreds (答案: B) 基础考点，主要考查hundred/thousand等数词的单复数形式及序数词的构成，难度较低 小数、分数、百分数 掌握小数、分数、百分数的读法、写法及基本用法 (2022模拟) ______ of the workers in this factory are under 30 years old. A. Two-third B. Two-three C. Two-thirds D. Second-three (答案: C) 中频考点，主要考查分数的表达（分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于1时分母加s） 时间和倍数表达 掌握时间表达法及倍数表达的基本句型 (2021模拟) The new machine is three times ______ the old one. A. as efficient as B. more efficient than C. efficient as D. efficient than (答案: A) 高频考点，倍数表达是重点难点，考查"倍数+as+原级+as"等固定句型 2.主谓一致 考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析 就近原则 掌握由or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also等连接的主语，谓语与最近的主语保持一致 (2023模拟) Neither the students nor the teacher ______ about the change. A. know B. knows C. knowing D. known (答案: B) 高频考点，主要考查连词连接不同数的主语时的谓语形式，难度中等 就远原则 掌握由as well as, along with, together with等连接的主语，谓语与第一个主语保持一致 (2022模拟) The teacher, together with his students, ______ preparing for the competition. A. is B. are C. were D. have been (答案: A) 中频考点，学生容易与就近原则混淆，需要重点区分 语法一致原则 掌握主语为单数名词、不可数名词时的谓语形式 (2021模拟) The news from the front ______ very encouraging. A. is B. are C. were D. have been (答案: A) 基础考点，考查频率最高，主要涉及单复数判断 意义一致原则 掌握集体名词、数量词短语等按意义决定谓语形式 (2020模拟) Three years ______ a long time for research. A. is B. are C. have D. has (答案: A) 难点考点，主要考查时间、距离、金额等作主语时的谓语形式 考点预测 基于真题趋势和课标要求，2026年考查重点将保持稳定，并可能在以下3个方面进行深化： 考查重点 考查方向 1.基数词和序数词 1. 基数词和序数词：预计继续考查hundred/thousand/million等数词的单复数形式，可能结合具体语境如人数、价格、年份等。 2. 生活中的数字表达（分数，小数，百分数、时间以及倍数的表达）：重点考查分数的正确表达（分子基数词，分母序数词），可能出现在数据统计类阅读或听力中。 3. 主谓一致：预计继续考查neither...nor, either...or，as well as, together with等连词连接不同数主语的情况，可能与其他原则结合考查。 2.生活中的数字表达（分数，小数，百分数、时间以及倍数的表达） 3.主谓一致的四大原则 必考点清单 考点一：基数词和序数词 基数词要点 • 1-12单独记，13-19以-teen结尾 • 20-90整十数以-ty结尾 • 百位和十位间加and • hundred/thousand/million前有具体数字时用单数 325 → three hundred and twenty-five 325 → 三百二十五 序数词要点 • 1-3特殊记：first, second, third • 4-19在基数词后加-th • 整十数变y为ie加-th • 序数词前通常加the the fifth lesson, the twenty-first student 第五课，第二十一名学生 数词易错点 ❌ two hundreds students → ✅ two hundred students ❌ one-third students → ✅ one third of the students ❌ three times as bigger as → ✅ three times as big as 考点二：生活中的数词表达 分数表达 • 分子基数词，分母序数词 • 分子大于1，分母加s 1/3 → one-third, 2/3 → two-thirds 3/4 → three-fourths (或three quarters) 小数和百分数 0.5 → zero point five 25% → twenty-five percent 100% → one hundred percent 时间表达 7:15 → seven fifteen 或 a quarter past seven 8:45 → eight forty-five 或 a quarter to nine 9:30 → nine thirty 或 half past nine 倍数表达 A is three times as large as B. A是B的三倍大。 A is three times larger than B. A比B大三倍。 倍数易错点 ❌ three times as bigger as → ✅ three times as big as 原则 适用情况 示例 就近原则 or, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also Neither the students nor the teacher knows the answer. 就远原则 as well as, along with, together with, with The teacher, together with his students, is visiting the museum. 语法一致 单数主语用单数谓语，复数主语用复数谓语 The results of the experiment show that we are right. 意义一致 集体名词、时间、距离、金额等按意义决定 Three years is a long time for research. 考点三：主谓一致 重点难点解析 集体名词的用法 The family is having dinner. (强调整体) The family are watching TV. (强调家庭成员) 数量词短语 A number of students are playing outside. (许多学生) The number of students is increasing. (学生数量) 主谓一致易错点 ❌ The news are good. → ✅ The news is good. ❌ Ten dollars are enough. → ✅ Ten dollars is enough. ❌ Either you or I are wrong. → ✅ Either you or I am wrong. 10分钟小测 1. The vocational school has about ______ students learning technical skills. A. five hundreds B. five hundred C. five hundreds of D. five hundred of 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查基数词的用法。hundred前有具体数字时用单数形式，后面直接接名词，不加of。 2. This is my ______ time to visit the Great Wall, and I'm still excited. A. three B. third C. the three D. the third 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查序数词的用法。序数词前有物主代词my时，不再加the。 3. About ______ of the earth's surface is covered by water. A. two-third B. two-three C. two-thirds D. second-three 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查分数的表达。分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式，即two-thirds。 4. The meeting will begin at ______. Don't be late. A. half to nine B. nine half C. half past nine D. nine past half 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查时间表达法。9:30的正确表达是half past nine。 5. The new factory produces ______ products as the old one. A. three times as many B. as three times many C. three times many as D. as many three times 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查倍数表达。"倍数+as+原级+as"是固定句型，products是可数名词复数，用many。 6. Neither the manager nor the employees ______ satisfied with the new policy. A. is B. are C. was D. be 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查就近原则。neither...nor连接主语时，谓语与最近的主语employees保持一致，用复数形式。 7. The teacher, together with three students, ______ to attend the conference. A. are going B. is going C. were going D. have gone 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查就远原则。together with连接主语时，谓语与第一个主语teacher保持一致，用单数形式。 8. The news about the vocational skills competition ______ very exciting. A. is B. are C. were D. have been 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查语法一致原则。news是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式。 9. Ten thousand dollars ______ a large amount of money for the project. A. is B. are C. have been D. were 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查意义一致原则。金额作主语时，作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式。 10. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ interested in the ______ robot demonstration. A. is; third B. are; three C. is; three D. are; third 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查综合应用。not only...but also遵循就近原则，谓语与teacher保持一致用is；"第三次"应该用序数词third。 经典试题解析 1. (2023高三模拟预测) The new vocational training center can accommodate up to ______ students for technical courses. A. two thousands B. two thousand of C. two thousands of D. two thousand 【答案】D 【知识点分析】本题考查基数词的用法。hundred, thousand, million等词前有具体数字时用单数形式，直接修饰名词。 【易错分析】易错选A或C。学生可能受中文影响，误以为具体数字后也要用复数形式或加of。 【命题创新点】结合职业教育场景，考查基数词在具体语境中的正确用法。 【解题关键】牢记规则：具体数字 + 单数hundred/thousand + 名词。 2. (2024高三模拟题改编) This is her ______ attempt to pass the vocational qualification exam, and she finally succeeded. A. five B. fifth C. the five D. the fifth 【答案】B 【知识点分析】本题考查序数词的用法。序数词前有物主代词时，不再加the。 【易错分析】易错选D。学生可能混淆序数词在有无物主代词时的用法区别。 【命题创新点】在职业资格考试的语境中考查序数词的正确形式。 【解题关键】物主代词 + 序数词 + 名词，序数词前不加the。 3. (2024高三模拟题) About ______ of the machines in the factory need to be updated to improve production efficiency. A. three-fifth B. three-fifths C. third-five D. third-fifths 【答案】B 【知识点分析】本题考查分数的表达。分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1分母加s。 【易错分析】易错选A。学生可能忽略分子大于1时分母要用复数形式的规则。 【命题创新点】结合工业生产场景，考查分数在具体语境中的应用。 【解题关键】分子基数词，分母序数词，分子>1，分母加s。 4. (2022模拟预测听力改编) The technical workshop will begin at ______, so please arrive 15 minutes earlier. A. a quarter past eight B. eight past a quarter C. a quarter to eight D. eight to a quarter 【答案】A 【知识点分析】本题考查时间表达法。8:15的正确表达是a quarter past eight。 【易错分析】易错选C。学生可能混淆past和to的用法，past表示"过"，to表示"差"。 【命题创新点】在职业技能培训的语境中考查时间表达的实际应用。 【解题关键】记住关键时间点：quarter past（过一刻）, quarter to（差一刻）。 5. (2021高三模拟题改编) The new production line is ______ efficient as the old one, which saves us a lot of time. A. twice as B. as twice C. twice more D. as twice as 【答案】A 【知识点分析】本题考查倍数表达。"倍数+as+原级+as"是固定句型。 【易错分析】易错选B或D。学生可能记错句型结构，把倍数词放错位置。 【命题创新点】结合生产线效率比较，考查倍数表达在工业生产中的应用。 【解题关键】牢记固定句型：倍数词 + as + 原级 + as。 6. (原创) Either the technical director or the engineers ______ responsible for checking the equipment safety. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】B 【知识点分析】本题考查就近原则。either...or连接主语时，谓语与最近的主语保持一致。 【易错分析】易错选A。学生可能受第一个主语的影响而用单数谓语。 【命题创新点】在设备安全检查的职场情境中考查就近原则的应用。 【解题关键】识别either...or结构，谓语与or后的主语保持一致。 7. (2023高三模拟预测) The project manager, as well as his team members, ______ working overtime to meet the deadline. A. is B. are C. have been D. were 【答案】A 【知识点分析】本题考查就远原则。as well as连接主语时，谓语与第一个主语保持一致。 【易错分析】易错选B。学生可能将as well as误认为是and而用复数谓语。 【命题创新点】在项目管理的工作场景中考查就远原则的实际应用。 【解题关键】识别as well as结构，谓语与第一个主语保持一致。 8. (2020高三联考） Three hours ______ enough for completing this technical training session. A. is B. are C. have been D. were 【答案】A 【知识点分析】本题考查意义一致原则。时间、距离、金额等作主语时，作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数。 【易错分析】易错选B。学生可能受复数名词hours的影响而用复数谓语。 【命题创新点】在技术培训的时间安排中考查意义一致原则。 【解题关键】时间作主语表示一个整体概念时，谓语用单数。 9. (考纲衍生原创) The number of skilled workers in this industrial park ______ increased significantly in recent years. A. have B. has C. are D. is 【答案】B 【知识点分析】本题考查语法一致原则。the number of表示"...的数量"，作主语时谓语用单数。 【易错分析】易错选A。学生可能将the number of与a number of混淆。 【命题创新点】在工业园区人才发展的语境中考查数量词短语的谓语形式。 【解题关键】the number of + 复数名词，谓语用单数；a number of + 复数名词，谓语用复数。 10. (2025高三模拟预测) Not only the equipment but also the technical manuals ______ to be updated in the ______ quarter. A. needs; second B. need; two C. needs; two D. need; second 【答案】D 【知识点分析】本题考查综合应用。not only...but also遵循就近原则，谓语与manuals保持一致；"第二季度"用序数词。 【易错分析】易错选A。学生可能受第一个主语影响而用单数谓语，或混淆基数词和序数词。 【命题创新点】综合考查就近原则和序数词在工作计划中的应用。 【解题关键】识别not only...but also结构，谓语与but also后的主语保持一致；季度表达用序数词。 专题归纳小结 考点1：基数词和序数词 解题方法 方法一：单复数判断法 示例：The factory employs ______ workers. (five hundred/five hundreds) 解析：hundred前有具体数字时用单数 → five hundred 方法二：冠词判断法 示例：This is his ______ visit to Beijing. (the third/third) 解析：序数词前有物主代词时，不加the → third 复习策略 • 熟记基数词1-100的构成规律 • 掌握序数词1-20的不规则变化 • 区分具体数字与概数的表达差异 • 重点练习易混淆的序数词形式 考点2：：生活中的数词表达 解题方法 方法一：分数构成法 示例：______ students passed the exam. (Two-third/Two-thirds) 解析：分子大于1，分母用复数 → Two-thirds 方法二：时间转换法 示例：8:45可以表达为 ______ (eight forty-five/a quarter to nine) 解析：两种表达都正确，注意past和to的区别 方法三：倍数定位法 示例：This room is ______ that one. (three times as large as/three times larger as) 解析：倍数表达固定句型 → three times as large as 复习策略 • 掌握分数的基本构成规则 • 熟记时间表达的两种方式 • 理解倍数表达的三种句型 • 通过实际场景练习数字应用 考点3：主谓一致 解题方法 方法一：就近原则识别法 示例：Neither the students nor the teacher ______ the answer. (know/knows) 解析：谓语与最近的主语teacher一致 → knows 方法二：就远原则定位法 示例：The teacher, with his students, ______ the lab. (visit/visits) 解析：谓语与第一个主语teacher一致 → visits 方法三：意义一致判断法 示例：Three hours ______ enough for the test. (is/are) 解析：时间作整体看待 → is 复习策略 • 熟记四大原则的关键词 • 区分就近原则和就远原则 • 掌握集体名词的单复数判断 • 重点练习易混淆的谓语形式 整体复习建议 备考策略： 1. 分类记忆：将考点分为数词和主谓一致两大类，分别突破 2. 规律总结：总结各类用法的固定规则和例外情况 3. 对比练习：通过对比练习区分易混淆知识点 4. 语境应用：在实际语境中练习数字和主谓一致的应用 5. 错题整理：建立错题本，定期复习巩固 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $