专题05 重点语法分类练习（期中专项训练）五年级英语上学期（外研版三起）

专题05 重点语法分类练习50题（期中专项训练） 五年级英语上学期（外研版三起）【语法考点一】一般过去时 【语法考点二】辨析how much与how many 【语法考点三】可数名词与不可数名词 【语法考点四】There be句型 【语法考点一】一般过去时 · 定义及用法： （1）表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，经常与yesterday、last week/Sunday/year…、an hour ago、before等连用。 【例句】I was born in 1998. 我出生于1998年。 【例句】We visited the Temple of Heaven last summer. 去年夏天我们参观了天坛。 （2）表示在过去的一段时间里，经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。 【例句】The old man always read newspaper when he was alive. 这位老人活着的时候经常读报纸。 【例句】I collected stamps when I was a child. 我小时候喜欢集邮。 · 结构： 肯定句： 主语+be(was/were)+其它 主语+动词过去式+其它 She was a doctor when she was young. 年轻时，她是一名医生。 I went to Wuhan last month. 我上个月去了武汉。 否定句： 主语+be(was/were)+not+其它 主语+did not(didn’t)+动词过去式+其它 She wasn’t a doctor when she was young. 年轻时，她不是一名医生。 I didn’t go to Wuhan last month. 我上个月没去过武汉。 一般疑问句： Be(Was/Were)+主语+其它 Did+主语+动词原形+其它 Was she a doctor when she was young? 她年轻时是一名医生吗？ Did you go to Wuhan last month? 上个月你去过武汉吗？ · 时间标志词： yesterday 系列: yesterday morning 昨天早上；yesterday afternoon 昨天下午 last 系列: last night 昨晚；last week 上周；last year 去年 ago 系列: two days ago 两天前；three years ago 三年前；long time ago 很久以前 that /those 系列: that day 那天；those days 那些日子；at that moment 在那时 其他: in 1995 在 1995 年；then 那时 考点精练 1、 选择题。 ( ) 1．—What did you buy? —I _____ some apples. A．buy B．bought C．ate ( ) 2．【文化素养】Confucius ________ born in 551BC. A．was B．were C．is ( ) 3．We ________ ice creams yesterday. A．buy B．buying C．bought ( ) 4．—Did you read a book yesterday? —No, I _____. A．didn’t B．don’t C．doesn’t ( ) 5．—Did you come back yesterday? —No, we ______ last Sunday. A．come back B．came back C．had come back 2、 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 6．What (do) you see yesterday? 7．—Who (take) the picture? —Lingling did. 8．Grandma (eat) some cakes and rice yesterday. 9．I (lose) my socks yesterday. 10．They (eat) some ice creams then. 3、 句型转换。 11．I bought some bananas. (对划线部分提问) 12．What did you do at the weekend? (用go swimming作出回答) 13．They went to the zoo by bus. (对画线部分提问) 14．She found her bag on the school bus. (改为一般疑问句) 15．Did you wash your sweater? (作否定回答) 【语法考点二】辨析how much与how many 二者均可用来提问数量的多少，前者用于提问可数名词，其后接可数名词复数；而后者用于提问不可数名词，其后接不可数名词。 · how many用于询问数量，后接可数名词的复数形式，例如：books、people等。 句式1：how many+复数名词+一般疑问句+…… 句式2：how many+可数名词复数+are there+地点 【例句】How many books are (there) on the desk? 桌子上有多少本书？ · how much ①用于询问数量，后接不可数名词，例如：water、milk等。 【例句】How much water is in the bottle? 瓶子里有多少水？ ②用于询问价格。 【例句】How much is the milk?牛奶多少钱？ 考点精练 1、 选择题。 ( ) 1．_________ juice did she buy? A．How many B．How much C．How well ( ) 2．—_________ milk did you buy? —Six bottles. A．How B．How much C．What ( ) 3．How much _________ did you buy? A．books B．cheese C．apple 2、 用“How many”或“How much”填空。 4． tea do you want? 5． bananas do you want? 6． apples do you need? 7． cheese do you have? 8． rice do you need? 3、 句型转换 9．We bought two bottles of juice. (对画线部分提问) 10．【文化素养】There are sixty minutes in an hour. (对划线部分提问) 【语法考点三】可数名词与不可数名词 · 可数名词指的是那些可以分为个体且可以直接计数的名词。有单数和复数之分。 · 不可数名词指的是无法数清数量的名词。没有单数和复数之分。 名词 可数名词 单数 如：an egg 复数 如：eggs 不可数名词 如：meat chocolate 1.可数名词变复数的规则变化： 规则 常见例词 ①一般情况下直接在词尾加s。 student-students cap-caps car-cars ②以s、x、ch、sh、ss结尾，词尾加es。 bus-buses fox-foxes dish-dishes class-classes watch-watches ③以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i加es。 baby-babies city-cities ④以“f或fe”结尾，变f或者fe为v加es。 knife-knives wife-wives ⑤以o结尾的名词，表示无生命的事物加s，表示有生命的事物加es。 无生命：zoo-zoos photo-photos 有生命：tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes 2.不可数名词的数量变化： 不可数名词不可以用个数来计算，需要表示数量时，要借助量词。如： tea（茶） a cup of tea two cups of tea milk（牛奶） a glass of water two glasses of water water（水） a bottle of milk two bottles of milk bread（面包） a piece of bread two pieces of bread 考点精练 1、 选择题。 ( ) 1．—How many ______ do you want? —Nine. A．cheese B．potatoes C．water ( ) 2．How many _____ do you want? A．milk B．bananas C．juice ( ) 3．【跨学科·生物】An insect has two ______. A．pairs of wings B．pair of wings C．pairs of wing ( ) 4．—How many _______ did you buy? —Twelve. A．pears B．bread C．coffee ( ) 5．—How much _____ did Amy buy? —Four bottles. A．bananas B．vegetables C．juice 2、 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 6．How many (watermelon) are there? 7．Where is the (fruit)? 8．How much (cheese) did you buy? 9．How many (people) are there in the park? 10．I want to get some (banana). 【语法考点四】There be句型 一、定义： there be 句型表示 “(某处) 有某人或某物”。be 动词后面的名词或名词词组是句子的主语，主语后常接表地点的状语。be 动词的形式是由其后最近的名词决定的。 二、there be 句型的结构： 句式 结构 注意 肯定句 There be (is /are)+ 某物 / 人 + 其他. 否定句 There be (is /are)+ not + 某物 / 人 + 其他. ①be 动词可以和 not 缩写。 ②在否定句中，通常用 any 代替 some。 一般疑问句 Be (Is / Are)+ there + 某物 / 人 + 其他？ ①肯定回答: Yes, there is /are. 否定回答: No, there isn’t /aren’t. ②在疑问句中，通常用 any 代替 some。 三、there be 句型的就近原则： there be 句型遵循就近原则，如果句子中只有一个主语时，be 动词应与其后的名词的单复数保持一致。 例：(1) There is an ice cream store in the east. 东边有一家冰激凌店。 (2) There are many restaurants in Chinatown. 唐人街里有许多餐馆。 如果句子中有两个或两个以上的主语时，be 动词的形式要跟离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。 例：(1) There is a book and two pencils on the desk. 书桌上有一本书和两支铅笔。 (2) There are two pencils and a book on the desk. 书桌上有两支铅笔和一本书。 考点精练 1、 选择题。 ( ) 1．There ______ sixteen pupils in the classroom. A．am B．are C．is ( ) 2．There _______ many flowers in the park. A．am B．is C．are ( ) 3．【生活常识】—How many minutes are there in an hour? —There are _______. A．twelve B．eleven C．sixty ( ) 4．There ______ fifteen kites in the sky. A．Is B．are C．was 2、 用“is” 或“are” 填空。 5．There four bottles of milk on the table. 6．There a pear and two oranges in my bag. 7．There four people in my family. 8．There some water in the bottle. 9．What in the bag? 10．There some juice and some bananas on the desk. 3、 句型转换。 11．There are some children under the tree. (改为单数句) 12．There is a crayon on the floor. (改为复数句) 13．【生活常识】How many days are there in a week? (根据实际情况用there be句型回答) 14．There are some books on the desk. (改成一般疑问句) 15．There are twenty bears in the zoo.（就画线部分提问） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【语法考点一】一般过去时 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．did 7．took 8．ate 9．lost 10．ate 11．What did you buy? 12．I went swimming at the weekend. 13．How did they go to the zoo? 14．Did she find her bag on the school bus? 15．No, I didn’t. 【语法考点二】辨析how much与how many 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．How much 5．How many 6．How many 7．How much 8．How much 9．How many bottles of juice did you buy? 10．How many minutes are there in an hour? 【语法考点三】可数名词与不可数名词 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．watermelons 7．fruit 8．cheese 9．people 10．bananas 【语法考点四】There be句型 1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．are 6．is 7．are 8．is 9．is 10．is 11．There is a child under the tree. 12．There are some crayons on the floor. 13．There are seven days in a week. 14．Are there any books on the desk? 15．How many bears are there in the zoo? $