Unit 4 核心词汇与知识点讲解-【精品课】2025-2026学年八年级英语上册同步精品课件（人教版2024）

该初中英语单元复习课件系统梳理了核心词汇、短语、句型及语法知识，通过词汇拓展（如disappoint→disappointed→disappointing）、短语归纳表、句型结构框架和语法精讲（如宾语从句、形容词副词最高级），构建“词汇-句型-语用”的知识网络，体现知识点间的逻辑联系。 其亮点在于融合辨析对比（如except/besides/but用法表格）、分层练习（句型填空、写作从基础到拓展）和错题诊断（当堂检测改错），培养学生的语言能力和思维品质。例如通过“lively/alive/live”辨析提升分析能力，写作结合实例强化表达，助力学生巩固知识，也为教师提供精准复习支持。

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section B How are plants and animals connected with us? Reading & Writing 3a-3c 目录 单词讲解 01 短语归纳 02 句型积累 03 知识精讲 04 单元写作 05 当堂检测 06 单词讲解 words PART 01 connect /kəˈnekt/ v.关联; 连接 把...和...链接/联系起来 connect...with/to... 1.我们应该把理论(theory)和实践联系起来. We should connect theory with practice. As an international language, English connects you with others in the world. 2.作为一门国际语言,英语连接着你和世界上其他人. connect v.关联;连接 拓展: connected adj.连接的;相关的 connection n.连接;联系;关系 1.此刻你意识到人类、植物和动物都是相互关联的. At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all ___________. Food is closely _____________ with its local culture. 2.食物和当地的文化密切相关. connected connected /kəˈnektɪd/ 与...相连;与...有关联 be connected with/to... There’s a _______________ between pollution and the death of trees. 3.污染和树木的死亡有密切关系. connection without /wɪˈðaʊt/ prep.没有;缺乏 We can’t live without bees. 1.没有蜜蜂我们无法生存. 其后跟名词,人称代词宾格或动词-ing形式,用来表示伴随或假设的情况.其反义词为with “具有;带有”. 没有做某事 without doing sth He left without saying goodbye. 2.他没说再见就离开了. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v.想象;猜想 Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. 1.想象一下你去你所在地区的超市，但几乎没有水果、蔬菜、蜂蜜、牛奶、鸡蛋或巧克力. 其后跟名词,代词或动词-ing形式或从句作宾语. 想象(某人)做某事 imagine (sb) doing sth Can you imagine living on the moon? 2.你能想象住在月球上吗？ 想象... imagine that... imagine v.想象;猜想 拓展: imagination n.想象力 My little sister has a vivid _____________ and often creates amazing stories in her mind. 1.我的妹妹有丰富的想象力，她经常在脑海中编造出精彩的故事. imagination I can’t __________ what our life will be like in 2050. 3.我无法想象2050年我们的生活会是什么样的. imagine honey /ˈhʌni/ n.蜂蜜; (爱称)亲爱的 一罐蜂蜜 a jar of honey 1.我给奶奶买了一瓶蜂蜜. I bought a bottle of honey for my grandma. Honey, come here and help me with the housework. 2.亲爱的,过来帮我做家务. disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj.失望的；沮丧的 How would you feel? Disappointed? Angry? Sad? 1.你会有什么感觉？失望？生气？难过？ 常用来说明人的一种感受,多在句中作表语. 对...感到失望 be disappointed with/in... She was disappointed with her exam results. 2.她对自己的考试成绩很失望. disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的 拓展: disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappoint v.(使)失望 We are all _______________ because the news is too _______________. 1.我们都很失望,因为这个消息太令人失望了. disappointed The result _______________ him. 2.结果使他失望. disappointed 通常用来说明事物所具有的特征,可作表语或定语. 常用来说明人的一种感受,多在句中作表语. disappointing connection /kəˈnekʃn/ n.联系;连接 We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection. 1.我们彼此需要才能生存，而蜜蜂就是这种联系的最佳例子之一. 与……有联系 have a connection with… There is a close connection between diet and health. 2.饮食和健康之间有密切联系. 与……有关 in connection with... pollination /ˌpɒləˈneɪʃn/ n.授粉 Bees are very hard - working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. 1.蜜蜂是非常勤劳的动物，它们最大的工作是授粉. 植物授粉 plant pollination Pollination is very important for the reproduction of plants. 2.授粉对植物的繁殖(reproduction)非常重要. pollinate v. 授粉 Bees pollinate flowers as they collect nectar. 蜜蜂在采集花蜜(nectar)时为花朵授粉. pollen /ˈpɒlən/ n.花粉 Bees help transfer pollen from one flower to another. 蜜蜂帮助把花粉从一朵花传到另一朵花. 花粉粒 pollen grain 花粉管 pollen tube action /ˈækʃn/ n.行动;行为 This action helps plants grow. 1.这种行为有助于植物生长. 采取行动(做某事) take action (to do sth) We should take action to protect the environment. 2.我们应该采取行动保护环境. 行动计划 action plan act v. 行动 You should act right now. 你应该立刻行动. in fact 实际上;确切地说 He doesn't look well. In fact, he has a bad cold. 1.他看起来气色不好.实际上,他得了重感冒. 常单独使用起强调、补充说明作用(常位于句首作状语) In fact, he is talented in music. 2.事实上,他有音乐天赋. fact n.现实;事实 Few people know the fact. 知道这个事实的人不多. per cent =percent /pəˈsent/ n.百分之... ; adj.&adv.每一百中 Seventy per cent of the apples are red. 1.百分之七十的苹果是红色的. ①n.百分之... 百分之... 基数词+per cent+of+名词/代词 Twenty per cent of the water is covered with ice. 2.百分之二十是水被冰覆盖. ②adj./adv.每一百中 a 15 per cent discount 15%的折扣 Sales are up 5 per cent. 销售额上升了5%. for this reason 出于这个原因 For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. 1.出于这个原因，许多科学家认为蜜蜂是这个星球上最重要的动物. 常位于句首,一般用逗号与后面的部分隔开. He didn't study hard. For this reason, he failed the exam. 2.他学习不努力.出于这个原因,他考试不及格. planet /ˈplænɪt/ n.行星 在这个星球上 on this planet Scientists are constantly exploring other planets in the universe. 科学家们一直在探索宇宙中的其他行星. 地球 planet earth in order to 为了;以便 In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 1.为了储存蜂蜜，它们建造蜂巢. 表示目的,相当于so as to. 后接动词原形,可放于句首/句中.(so as to只能放于句中) He gets up early in order to catch the first bus. 2.他早起是为了赶上第一班公共汽车. 为了做某事 in order to do sth 为了不做某事 in order not to do sth store /stɔː(r)/ v.贮存;存储 n.百货商店; 商店 贮存/存储某物 store sth She likes to store her old books in the attic. 1.她喜欢把她的旧书存放在阁楼里. 储存；把……收起来 store away ①v.贮存；存储 Some animals store a lot of food for the winter. 2.一些动物储存大量过冬的食物. store /stɔː(r)/ v.贮存;存储 n.百货商店; 商店 百货商店 department store There is a big store near our school. 1.我们学校附近有一家大商店. ②n.百货商店;商店 I bought two pens at that store. 2.我在那家商店买了两支钢笔. honeycomb /ˈhʌnikəʊm/ n.蜂巢 In order to store honey, they create honeycombs. 1.为了储存蜂蜜，它们建造蜂巢. The bees built a perfect honeycomb in the tree. 2.蜜蜂在树上建造了一个完美的蜂巢. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v.交流;沟通 和某人交流/沟通 communicate with sb Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate. 1.关于蜜蜂,另一件有趣的事情是它们如何交流. ①交流;沟通 We should communicate with our parents more often. 2.我们应该更经常地和父母交流. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v.交流;沟通 He communicates his ideas very clearly. 他非常清楚地传达了他的想法. ②传达;传递(意见;感情;消息等) communicate v.交流;沟通;传达;传递 拓展: communication n.交流;沟通 You need to have a communication with your parents. You need to talk with your parents. You need to communicate with your parents. 你需要和你的父母交谈一下. have/hold a communication with... 和...沟通/交流(相当于have a talk with...或talk with...) have/hold communications with... play a part (in sth) 参与某事 =take part in... Mr Black didn’t play a part in making the decision. =Mr Black didn’t take part in making the decision. 布莱克先生并没有参与做此决定. ①参与(其后可加名词/代词/v-ing形式) =play a role in... Education can play a part in it. =Education can play a role in it. 教育可以在其中起到作用. ②在...中发挥作用(其后可加名词/代词/v-ing形式) ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n.生态系统 生态系统平衡 ecosystem balance Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. 1.蜜蜂在我们星球的生态系统中起着重要作用. 自然生态系统 natural ecosystem The rainforest is a complex ecosystem. 2.热带雨林是一个复杂的生态系统. protect /prəˈtekt/ v.保护;防护 保护...免受... protect sb./sth. from/against sth. Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth. 1.想想你能做些什么来保护地球上最神奇的动物之一. We wear sunglasses to protect our eyes from the sun. 2.我们戴太阳镜来保护眼睛免受阳光伤害. protect v.保护;防护 拓展: protection n.保护;保卫 在...的保护下 under the protection of... 环境保护 environmental protection The young plants grow well under the ______________ of the greenhouse. 1.幼苗在温室的保护下生长得很好. The hat can give ______________ against the sun. 2.这顶帽子可以遮阳. protection protection importance /ɪmˈpɔːtns/ n.重要性 …的重要性 the importance of... We should realize the importance of saving water. 我们应该意识到节约用水的重要性. important adj.重要的 Health is very important to us. 健康对我们很重要. title /ˈtaɪtl/ n.标题;题目;名称 Look at the title and the pictures below. 1.看下面的标题和图片. The title of this book is very interesting. 2.这本书的标题很有趣. human n.人; adj.人(类)的 =human being Human beings should protect the environment. 人类应该保护环境. ①cn;人;人类 There are many different cell types in the human body. 人体中有许多不同的细胞类型. ②adj.人的;人类的 /ˈhjuːmən/ ant /ænt/ n.蚂蚁 一只蚂蚁 an ant There is an ant on the ground. 地上有一只蚂蚁. be home to sb / sth 有……栖息；是……的家乡 This forest is home to many wild animals. 1.这片森林是许多野生动物的栖息地. This small town is home to my grandparents 2.这个小镇是我祖父母的家乡. happiness un.幸福；快乐 the key to happiness His family is the source of his happiness. 1.他的家庭是他幸福的源泉. /ˈhæpinəs/ 幸福的关键 share happiness 分享快乐 I want to share my happiness with you. 2.我想和你分享我的幸福. 拓展: 英语中,有些adj后加后缀-ness可变成名词,表示性质,状态. good adj. goodness n.美德 ill adj. illness n.疾病 sad adj. sadness n.悲伤 disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v.使失望; 使破灭 He didn't want to disappoint his parents, so he studied hard. 他不想让父母失望，所以努力学习. 使...失望 disappoint sb mushroom /ˈmʌʃrʊm/ n.蘑菇;伞菌 She found a big mushroom in the forest. 她在森林里发现了一个大蘑菇. 蘑菇汤 mushroom soup 野生蘑菇 wild mushroom role /rəʊl/ n.作用;职能;角色 play a role (in) Schools play an important role in education. 学校在教育中起着重要作用. ①(在…中)发挥作用;(在...中)有影响 相当于play a part (in) She will play an important role in the movie. 她将在这部电影中扮演一个重要角色. ②扮演角色 pea /piː/ n.豌豆 I bought some fresh peas at the market. 我在市场上买了一些新鲜的豌豆. 豌豆汤 pea soup 青豌豆 green pea climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n.气候 Because of this, they are popular subjects in studies on climate change and the ecosystem. 1.正因为如此，它们是关于气候变化和生态系统研究中的热门研究对象. 气候变化 climate change 关于气候变化的研究 studies on climate change We should take action to deal with climate change. 2.我们应该采取行动应对气候变化. ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n.大海;海洋 Many kinds of fish live in the ocean. 许多种鱼生活在海洋里. 在海洋里 in the ocean 海洋生态系统 ocean ecosystem except /ɪkˈsept/ prep.除……之外;除了 Everyone is here except Tom. 1.除了汤姆，所有人都在这儿. 除了... except +sth/that从句 除了…之外，侧重于对整体的细节修正 except for... The composition is very good except for some spelling mistakes. =The composition is very good except that there are some spelling mistakes. 2.这篇文章非常好,除了有一些拼写错误. 辨析: except, except for, but 和besides except 除...之外(没有...) except for 除...之外 but 除...之外 besides 除...之外(还有...) 着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个人或物,表示一种排除关系,有 “减法”之意. 表示对整体主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定,起部分修正作用. 和except的用法基本相同,但着重强调整句的内容,习惯上用于no, nothing, anything等词之后. 指在整体中加入一部分,表示一种 “累加”关系,有 “加上”之意. We are all here ___________ Tom. 1.除Tom之外,我们都在这里了. He is a good man _______________ his bad temper. 2.除了脾气有点差之外,他是一个好人. except/but She could do nothing ___________ cry. 3.她除了哭什么都做不了. _____________ milk, we need vegetables. 4.除了牛奶,我们还需要蔬菜. except for but Besides tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj.极小的;微小的 They eat a lot, but they eat some of the tiniest animals in the ocean. 1.它们吃得很多，但它们吃的是海洋里一些最微小的动物. 微小的动物 tiny animals 一所极小的房子 a tiny house There is a tiny bird in the tree. 2.树上有一只极小的鸟. live up to 达到;符合 Blue whales should live up to the importance in the ecosystem. 1.蓝鲸应当符合其在生态系统中的重要性. He tries his best to live up to his parents' hopes. 2.他尽力达到父母的期望. His grandmother lived up to 90 years. 3.他的祖母活到了90岁. lively /ˈlaɪvli/ adj.精力充沛的;生机勃勃的 This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively and healthy ecosystem. 1.这些食物能维持一年以上，并且有助于营造一个生机勃勃且健康的生态系统. 一个生机勃勃的生态系统 a lively ecosystem We had a lively party last night. 2.昨晚我们举办了一场热闹(生机勃勃氛围下的)的派对. 精力充沛的孩子 lively children 辨析: lively, alive, live和living lively alive live/laɪv/ living “生气勃勃的;(色彩鲜艳的)”,修饰人或物,常作定语或表语. “活着的”,修饰人或物,常作表语或补语. “活的”修饰人或物,一般作前置定语. “活着的”修饰人或物,常作定语. She is a ________ girl. 1.她是一个充满活力的女孩. The color of the works is ________. 2.这些作品的色彩很鲜艳. This is a ______________ fish. This fish is ___________. 3.这是一条活鱼. lively lively live/living alive 短语归纳 Phrases PART 02 短语归纳 谈 论___________________________ 散 步___________________________ 折 扇___________________________ 实际上__________________________ 例 如___________________________ 为 了___________________________ 考 虑___________________________ 因 为___________________________ 散 步___________________________ ...... 的象征 ___________________________ 成千上万的___________________________ 直到；达到___________________________ 努 力 工作___________________________ 合 作___________________________ 与…… 交流___________________________ …... 的数量___________________________ 活到；达到___________________________ 出于这个原因___________________________ talk about  take a walk folding fan. in fact  for example=such as in order to think about because of take a walk a symbol of thousands of  up to work hard work together communicate with the number of live up to for this reason 短语归纳 19．随意做某事___________________________ ▶例句：Feel free to ask me any questions. 20．是…的栖息地 ___________________________ ▶例句：Large trees are home to many birds. 21．A和B之间的联系___________________________ 22．与…有关联___________________________ ▶例句：People, plants, and animals are connected with each other. feel free (to do sth.) be home to the connection between A and B  be connected with 短语归纳 23．使用某物做某事___________________________ 24．被用来做某事___________________________ 25．参与某事;在…中起作用___________________________ use sth. to do sth. be used to do sth. play a part (in sth) ▶例句：1：We use pens to write.我们用钢笔写字 ▶例句：Brooms are used to sweep the floor.扫帚被用来扫地 ▶例句：Brooms are used for sweeping the floor.扫帚被用来扫地 ▶引申：同义句be used for doing 句型积累 Sentences PART 03 1. 蓝鲸是地球上最大、最重的动物。 The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth. 2.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的主题之一。 Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings. 3.  竹子在中国似乎是一种非常受欢迎的植物。 Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. 句型积累 最高级句型：主语 + be + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + in + 范围 最...之一句型：主语 + be + one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 + in + 范围 似乎是…：seem to be + 名词/形容词（用于表达推测或看起来的状态） 句型积累 4.因为这是观赏它的最美时节。As it is the most beautiful time to see it. 5. 没有它们的劳作，世界上约 80% 的植物都无法生长。 without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow. 6. 人们相信这些明亮的黄叶能给他们带来心灵上的喜悦. People believe the bright yellow leaves can bring joy to their heart. 这是做某事的最…时候：it is + 形容词最高级+ time to do sth. 没有…，…无法…：Without…，cannot… believe + 宾语从句,表示“相信…” 句型积累 7. 它是中国文化中美好品质的象征。 It’s _______________goodness in Chinese culture. 8. 人们可以用它来建造房屋、制作工具和乐器。 People can use it _______________ houses and make tools and instruments. 9. 然而，蜜蜂的数量正在减少。 However, the number of bees _______________. 10. 它的体重可达200吨。  It can weigh_______________ 200 tons. 11. 蓝鲸的寿命可达 90 岁。 Blue whales can _______________ 90 years. a symbo of to build is dropping as much as live up to 知识精讲 language points PART 04 添加标题 知识精讲 知识点1：seem 用法，似乎，好像 ①seem + (to be) + 形容词 / 名词★ ►Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. ②seem + to do sth.★ ►Bees seem to play an important role.蜜蜂似乎起重要作用。 ③It seems + that 从句 ►It seems that pandas love bamboo.似乎熊猫喜欢竹子。 ④seem like + 名词 ►This problem seems like a challenge.这个问题似乎是个挑战。 原句：Bamboo seems to be a very popular plant in China. 添加标题 知识点2：thousand 用法 知识精讲 原句：Thousands of tourists visit the Bamboo Sea.成千上万的游客参观竹海。 ①具体数字+ thousand+名词复数（thousand 用原形） ►There are three thousand students in the school.学校有三千名学生。 ②thousands of + 名词复数（表约数，意为“成千上万的”） ►Thousands of tourists visit the Bamboo Sea.成千上万的游客参观竹海。[P35] 易错点： ✅ five thousand people    ❌ five thousands people    ✅ thousands of trees 添加标题 知识精讲 知识点3：区别among vs. between ①among：用于三者或以上的 “在… 之中”（强调范围）。 ►A bird sang among the flowers.一只鸟在花丛中歌唱。 ②between：用于两者之间（常与and连用）。 ►The path is between two mountains.小路在两座山之间。 原句：Discuss the connection between plants, animals, and our lives. 原句：Among all animals, I love pandas the best.在所有动物中，我最喜欢熊猫。 添加标题 知识精讲 原句：The ginkgo tree is one of the oldest living trees in streets, parks, and gardens across China. across在此意为“遍及；在…各处” 知识点4：区别across vs. cross vs. through 引申：across还可以表示“穿过”，具体用法和区别如下 ①across（介词）：从表面“穿过”（如马路、河流）。 They walked across the bridge.他们走过桥。 ②cross（动词）：= go across，意为“穿过”。 Be careful when you cross the road.过马路时要小心。 ③through（介词）：从内部“穿过”（如森林、隧道）。 The river flows through the city.河流穿过城市。 添加标题 知识精讲 原句：the number of bees is dropping。 知识点5：the number of 与 a number of用法 短语 含义 谓语动词 例句 the number of… …的数量 单数 The number of bees is 10,000. a number of… 许多… 复数 A number of plants need pollination. 添加标题 知识精讲 原句： What do you know about the connection between humans and other insects, such as ants and butterflies? For example, they work hard together to make their homes. 知识点6：such as和for example such as与前面的句子之间用逗号隔开，后面列举两个以上的同类人或事物 for example一般只列举同类人或事物的一个，在句中作插入语。用逗号隔开，可置于句首/句中/句末。 ►I like sports, such as tennis and basketball.我喜欢运动，例如网球和篮球。 ►Ball games, for example, is very popular with young people.例如，球赛非常受年轻人欢迎。 添加标题 知识精讲 原句： Can you give another title for the text? What other interesting facts do you know about bees? 知识点7：another、other、others、the other的主要用法 1.another:表示 三者或三者以上中的另一个（单数），强调 “泛指”，无范围限制。 ►This coat is too small. Can I try another?这件外套太小了，我能试另一件吗？ 2.the other:特指两者中的另一个 ►I have two cats. One is black, the other is white.我有两只猫，一只黑色，另一只白色。 3.others:表示“其他的人或物”，相当于other +复数名词，泛指无范围的剩余部分。 ►Some people like coffee, others prefer tea.有些人喜欢咖啡，其他人喜欢茶。 添加标题 知识精讲 知识点8：too、also、either的用法,都表示“也” 1.too:用于肯定句或疑问句，常用句末，用逗号隔开或省略逗号 ►I like coffee, and she likes it too.我喜欢咖啡，她也喜欢。 ►Are you a student too?你也是学生吗？ 2.also:用于 肯定句中，较正式。 ①句中（实义动词前，be 动词 / 助动词 / 情态动词后） ►He also plays the piano.他也会弹钢琴。 ►She is also a teacher.她也是一名老师。 ②句首（用逗号隔开，强调“此外”） ►Also, we need to buy some snacks.此外，我们需要买些零食。 3.either:用于否定句中，表示“也不”，常用句末，用逗号隔开或省略逗号 ►I don’t like tea, and she doesn’t like it either.我不喜欢茶，她也不喜欢。 原句：Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. 添加标题 知识精讲 知识点9：辨析except、besides、but（都表示除了） 1. except：“除…之外（不包含）”，指从整体中排除部分。 ►I work every day except Sunday.（周日不工作） 区别于expect（动词）期望，预计，expect to do sth.期待做某事。 2. besides（介词/副词）：“除…之外（还包含）”，指在整体基础上增加。 ►Besides math, I like physics.（数学和物理都喜欢） 区别于beside（介词）“在…旁边”，表示位置。 3.but：“除…之外”（常用于 nobody, nothing, all 等词后） ►Nobody but him can solve this problem.（只有他能解决） 还可以表示转折，意为“但是” ►He is poor but happy. 原句：Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. 添加标题 知识精讲 知识点10：宾语从句 原句： ►Do you know why the Chinese love bamboo? ►Scientists believe that bees play a key role. 一、定义：在句子中充当宾语的从句，通常位于及物动词（如say, know, think, believe）、介词（如about, in）或某些形容词（如sure, glad, afraid）之后。 添加标题 知识精讲 二、引导词 1. 陈述句 → 用that(无实际意义，可省略)引导 ►She believes (that) honesty is important. 2. 一般疑问句→用 if/whether(意为“是否”)引导，以下情况只能用whether： ①与or not连用时：I wonder whether he will come or not. ②从句作介词宾语时：We’re talking about whether we should change the plan. ③从句位于句首时：Whether it rains tomorrow doesn’t matter. ④与不定式连用时：She doesn’t know whether to accept the offer. 3. 特殊疑问句→用原疑问词(what, who, which, when, where, why, how 等)引导 ►Tell me what you want. ►I don’t know where she lives. 添加标题 知识精讲 三、语序 宾语从句用陈述句语序（即“主语+谓语”）。 ✅ I asked what time it was. ❌ I asked what time was it. 四、时态 主句时态 从句时态 例句 现在时态（一般现在时\现在进行时\现在完成时） 根据实际情况选择，不受主句限制 She says (that) she is happy today. He knows (that) they will leave next week. 过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时） 相应变为过去的某种时态 He said (that) he was busy yesterday. She told me (that) she would visit her uncle. 任何时态 表示客观真理或事实，始终用一般现在时 The teacher said (that) the earth goes around the sun. He knew (that) water freezes at 0°C. 添加标题 知识精讲 一、单项选择 She says ______ she likes reading novels. A. that B. what C. if D. where 2.Do you know ______ he lives? A. that B. when C. where D. which 3.I wonder ______ she will come to the party or not. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 4.He asks me ______ my favorite subject is. A. what B. who C. where D. why A C C A 添加标题 知识精讲 二、合并句子 原句：“Are you free tomorrow?” He asked me. 合并： 原句：“What do you want?” She asked. 合并： He asked me if/whether I was free the next day. She asked what I wanted. 三、时态填空 She said (that) she ______ (visit) Beijing next month. The scientist explained (that) light ______ (travel) faster than sound. 答案：would visit（主句为过去时，从句用过去将来时） 答案：travels（客观真理用一般现在时) 添加标题 知识精讲 知识点7：形容词副词最高级（单元语法） 【定义】最高级用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的比较，常用of/in短语来说明比较的范围，of 表示比较的对象属于同一范畴；in则表示不属于同一范畴。 【注意】形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，副词最高级前的the可以省略。 ►He is the cleverest student of all. 他是所有学生中最聪明的。(他属于学生) ►He is the cleverest student in his class. 他是他班中最聪明的学生。(他在班级范围内) ►This is his most interesting book. 这是他最有趣的一本书。 添加标题 知识精讲 【变化规则】 ►规则变化 单音节词和 部分双音节词 一般在词汇尾加-est tallest 以字母e结尾的词，在词尾加-st nicest 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，再加-est 大胖瘦热脸湿红 biggest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”变为“i”，再加-est funniest 多音节词和 部分双音节词 在词前加most most carefully 添加标题 知识精讲 ►不规则变化 1. good/well → best（最好的 / 地） 2. bad/badly/ill → worst（最坏的 / 最糟的） 3. many/much → most（最多的 / 地） 4. little → least（最少的 / 地） 5. far → farthest/furthest（最远的 / 最深远的，前者指距离，后者指程度） ▶The library is the farthest building on the left.图书馆是左边最远的那栋楼。 ▶Love can reach the furthest corners of the heart.爱能抵达心灵最深远的角落。 6. old → oldest/eldest（最年长的 / 最古老的，前者指老的，旧的，后者作定语，指年龄） ▶表语：My grandfather is the oldest in the family.我祖父是家里年纪最大的。 ▶定语：This is the oldest tree in the park.这是公园里最古老的树。 ▶Her eldest son is a lawyer.她的长子是一名律师。 添加标题 知识精讲 【句型结构】 1.基本句型 ①主语+ be+ the+形容词最高级+in/of ... ►Tom is the tallest of these students. (Tom与students是一类) 汤姆是这些学生中最高的。 ►Tom is the tallest in his class. (Tom与class不是一类)汤姆是班里最高的。 ②主语+实义动词（+the）+副词最高+in/of ... ►Tom works (the) hardest in Class 3.汤姆是三班学习最刻苦的。 2.疑问句型 ①疑问词+be/行为动词+最高级，A、B or C？ ►Who runs fastest, Tom, John or Jim?汤姆、约翰和吉姆谁跑得最快？ ②疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形（+the)+副词最高级，A、B or C？ ►Which city do you like best, Beijing, Shanghai or Guangzhou? 你最喜欢哪个城市，北京、上海还是广州？ 添加标题 知识精讲 【句型结构】 3.最高级加修饰词的句型 ①主语+be+ one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of ... 最...之一 ►Hangzhou is one of the biggest cities in China.杭州是中国最大的城市之一。 ②主语+be + the+序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of短语 ►The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。 注意：如果最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时，则不用定冠词the。 ►My eldest daughter is 16 years old. 我最大的女儿16岁了。 添加标题 知识精讲 【句型结构】 4.比较级表达最高级的句型 ①主语+be+比较级+than+any other+名词单数+in/of ... ②主语+be+比较级+than+the other+名词复数+in/of ... ►Nanjing is larger than any other city/the other cities in Jiangsu Province. 南京比江苏省其他任何城市都大。 【活学活用】 1.Which subject is ______ for you, math, English, or history? A. difficult   B. more difficult   C. most difficult   D. the most difficult 2.He is ______ than his brother, but he is ______ in the family. A. younger; the youngest   B. young; youngest    C. youngest; younger   D. the youngest; younger D A 单元写作 Writting PART 05 单元写作 【话题分析】 围绕“神奇的动植物”展开，可选取课文中提及的蓝鲸、竹子、蜜蜂等案例，结合“动植物的独特特征”“与人类的联系”“重要性”等角度，突出“动植物的奇妙之处及保护意义”。 单元写作 【思路点播】 ①时态 以一般现在时为主（描述动植物的特征、习性等客观事实）。 可穿插现在完成时（如“科学家已经发现…”）或情态动词（should, must等，表达保护建议）。 ②结构 ·引入：点明主题（如“自然界有许多神奇的动植物”）。 ·中间：分点介绍动植物的特征、作用及与人类的联系（可结合课文案例）。 ·结尾：呼吁保护动植物或总结其重要性。 ③细节 ·运用最高级（如the largest, the fastest, the most important）体现“神奇”。 ·结合数据（如蓝鲸体重200吨、竹子一天生长一米）增强说服力。 ·加入感官描写或情感表达（如“蜜蜂的舞蹈很有趣”“蓝鲸的游动很美”）。 单元写作 【写作题目】 题目：The Wonder of [动植物名称] 提示：选择一种你觉得神奇的动植物（如蓝鲸、竹子、蜂鸟）；描述其独特之处（如体型、习性、功能）；说明它为何让你感到神奇或对自然的意义。80-100词。 【佳作展示】The Wonder of Bamboo Bamboo is one of the most amazing plants in nature. It can grow almost 1 meter a day. Unlike trees, bamboo is a grass, but it can be as tall as a 10-floor building. It’s the most useful plant in daily life too. People use it to build houses, make tools, and even eat bamboo shoots.In Chinese culture, bamboo is a symbol of strength and honesty. bamboo shows how closely we’re connected to nature. We can’t live without them. Let’s protect them and keep our planet lively! 当堂检测 Exercise PART 06 当堂检测 一、词汇变形填空 The ______ (amaze) thing about pandas is their ability to survive on bamboo. We should protect wildlife to keep the ______ (connect) between plants and animals. The ______ (weigh) of a blue whale can reach 200 tons. She felt ______ (disappoint) because the flowers didn’t bloom. Good ______ (communicate) is important for teamwork. 答案：1. amazing 2. connection 3. weight 4. disappointed 5. communication 当堂检测 二、句型转换 The blue whale is the largest animal on earth.（改为同义句） No other animal is ______ ______ ______ the blue whale on earth. 2."Do bees play an important role?" She asked.（改为宾语从句） She asked ______ bees ______ an important role. 3.蜜蜂似乎在生态系统中起着关键作用。 Bees ______ ______ ______ a key role in the ecosystem. 4.没有植物，人类无法生存。 ______ plants, humans ______ survive. 答案：1. as large as 2. if/whether; played 3. seem to play 4. Without; can’t 当堂检测 三、改错 The teacher told us that the moon moved around the earth. 错误：______ 改为：______ 2.I wonder if to go hiking or stay at home. 错误：______ 改为：______ 3.There are two thousands students in our school. 错误：______ 改为：______ thousands → thousand moved → moves if → whether $