Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 核心知识点精讲精练 3(Section B)-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册教材核心知识全解（人教版2024）

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、重难句型等核心知识点。 · Section B部分包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(听力、阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *be connected with 与...相连；与...有关联 2. each other 相互，彼此 3. one of the best examples 最好的例子之一 4. *in fact 确切地说，实际上 5. 80 per cent 百分之八十 6. *for this reason 出于这个原因 7. one of the most interesting animals 最有趣的动物之一 8. for example 例如 9. *in order to 为了，目的是 10. use sth. to do ... 用某物做某事 11. *play a part(in sth.) 参与某事(play an important part in发挥重要作用) 12. the number of ...的数量 13. think about 思考，考虑 14. on earth 在地球上 15. such as 例如 16. *be home to 有...栖息；是...的家乡 17. mean a lot to me 对我意义重大 18. *play a role (in) 在...发挥作用；扮演角色 19. the size of ... ...的尺寸/大小 20. as big as a human hand 和人手一样大 21. by eating insects 通过吃昆虫(by doing 通过某种方式) 22. in nature 在自然中 23. popular subjects 流行的主题 24. climate change 气候变化 25. live up to 90 years 活到90岁 26. last for over a year 持续一年多 2、 重点词汇解析 1. connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 关联；连接 connected /kəˈnektɪd/ adj. 连接的；相关的 connection /kəˈneksn/ n. 联系；连接 [词汇拓展] unconnected (adj.)不相关的，无联系的；disconnected(adj.)分离的；断开的；无关联的 [词汇搭配] connect...with/and...将...与...连接起来；connect (up)...to...使...连接，接通 *be connected with / to 与……相连；与……有关联 a direct/close/strong connection with sth 与某事有直接的 / 密切的 / 牢固的联系 in connection with sb/sth与…有关（或相关） [词汇例句] She connected up the two computers. 她把两台计算机连接起来。 You can connect the new words with picture to help you remember them. 你可以把新单 词和图片联系起来，以帮助你记住它们。 [随学随练] 用connect的适当形式填空。 (1) So you see, a cup of tea connects different places. (2) He wanted to make a connection with the local environmental group to help improve the situation. (3) The reading buddies(伙伴) felt more connected as they often met each other.  2. without /wɪˈðaʊt/ prep. 没有；缺乏 [词汇拓展] with (prep.)携带，具有 [词汇搭配] without doing sth.不做某事 [词汇例句] He left without saying goodbye. 他不辞而别。 Try to eat dinner together without phones or TV. 试着在没有手机或电视的情况下一起 吃晚饭。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Mr. Wang went out the room without ________ a word. —Maybe he was angry. A．say B．said C．saying D．says 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——王先生走出房间，没说一句话。——也许他生气了。 考查非谓语动词。句中“without”为介词，后面跟动名词作宾语，故选C。 3. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象；猜想 [词汇拓展] imaginative(adj.)有想象力的；imagination(n.)想象；想象力 [词汇搭配] imagine doing...想象做某事 [词汇例句] Imagine studying in a quiet library with your best friends. 想象一下，和你最好的朋友在 一个安静的图书馆学习。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It was really hard for people to imagine ________ at home twenty years ago. A．shopping B．shopped C．shop D．to shop 【答案】A 【详解】句意：二十年前，人们真的很难想象在家购物。 考查非谓语动词。“imagine doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“想象做某事”，所以此处要用动名词形式。故选A。 4. disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj. 失望的；沮丧的 disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v. 使失望；使破灭 [词汇拓展] disappointing(adj.)令人失望的；disappointment(n.)失望 [词汇搭配] be disappointed at/by/with sth.对某事/某物失望 be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望的 be disappointed to do...做某事很失望 [词汇例句] I was disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be much better.我对这部电影感到失 望。我原以为会好得多。 [随学随练] 用disappointed 的适当形式填空。 (1) After he heard the disappointing words, he stood up and managed a smile to cover up his sadness. (2) We must accept disappointment in our life, and we must never lose heart. (3) He can’t finish his task on time and makes the boss disappointed. (4) I hate to disappoint you, but I'm just not interested. 5. action /ˈækʃn/ n. 行动；行为 [词汇拓展] act(v.)行动；active(adj.)积极的；actively(adv.)积极地 [词汇搭配] take action to do 采取行动做某事 Actions speak louder than word. (saying)行动比言语更为响亮 in action在活动中；在运转；out of action不能工作；失去作用；停止运转 [词汇用法] · action表示“行动，行为过程”时，是不可数名词。 We need to take action at once. 我们要立刻采取行动。 · action表示“所做之事，行为”时，是可数名词。 As always, Peter had a reason for his action.一如往常，彼得对自己的行为总有说辞。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) ________ and work hard for it, and you will get whatever you want. A．Take off B．Take action C．Take up D．Take place 【答案】B 【详解】句意：采取行动并为之努力，你就会得到你想要的任何东西。 考查动词短语。Take off起飞，脱掉；Take action采取行动；Take up占据，开始从事；Take place发生。根据“and work hard for it, and you will get whatever you want.”可知，此处是在鼓励人们采取行动并为之努力，所以应该用Take action。故选B。 (2) Many teenagers are having poor eyesight now, so parents should take action ________ the problem from getting worse. A．to stop B．stopping C．stopped D．stop 【答案】A 【详解】 句意：现在许多青少年视力不好，所以父母应该采取行动阻止问题变得更糟。    考查非谓语动词。根据“so parents should take action…the problem from getting worse.”可知，“采取行动”的目的是“阻止问题变糟”，因此此处需用不定式作目的状语。故选A。 6. per cent /pəˈsent/ (= percent) n. 百分之…… adj. & adv. 每一百中 [词汇搭配] 80 per cent 百分之八十 [词汇用法] 分数的表达 · 英语中表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。如“五分之一”表示为one fifth。 · 当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。如“六分之五”表示为five sixths。 · 百分数用“基数词+per cent/percent”表示。如：“90%”表示为ninety percent。 注意：“百分数+名词”作主语时，其后的谓语动词与名词单复数保持一致。如： 70 per cent of the water in the village is from the big river. 这个村子70%水来自这条大河。 40 percent of the students are from the city. 40%的学生来自城市。 · 特殊的分数表达：“二分之一”表示为one half；“四分之一”表示为one quarter；“四分之三 ” 表示为three quarters。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) There are 20 boys and 30 girls in our class. So ________ of the students are boys. A．thirty percent B．forty percent C．fifty percent D．sixty percent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们班有20名男生和30名女生，因此男生占学生的百分之四十。 考查百分比计算。thirty percent百分之三十；forty percent百分之四十；fifty percent百分之五十；sixty percent百分之六十。总学生数为20（男生）+30（女生）=50人，男生占比为(20/50)×100%=40%。故选B。 (2) Nearly ________ of the earth is covered by sea, but 95 percent of it ________ salty water. A．three fourth; is B．three fourths; is C．three fourth; are D．three fourths; are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：地球将近四分之三被海水覆盖，但是95%的水是咸水。 考查分数表达法以及主谓一致。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于一，分母用复数。“四分之三”的表达方式为three fourths，排除A和C；“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词与名词保持一致，本句话中it代指earth，be动词用is，故选B。 7. planet /ˈplænɪt/ n. 行星 [词汇拓展] star (n.)恒星；星星 [词汇搭配] the planet 地球（尤指环境） [词汇例句] The picture shows six of the eight planets in the solar system.这幅图标示了太阳系八大行 星中的6颗。 8. store /stɔː(r)/ v. 贮存；存储 n. 百货商店；商店 [词汇拓展] storage(n.)贮存 [词汇搭配] a health food store保健食品商店；store honey贮存蜂蜜；store away/up存储 in store (for sb) 即将发生（在某人身上）；等待着（某人） set/put (great, etc.) store by sth（十分）看重，重视（某事物） [词汇例句] They think it'll be easy but they have a surprise in store .他们以为事情容易，到时候他们 会吃惊的。 She sets great store by her appearance.她十分看重自己的外貌。 9. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v. 交流；沟通 [词汇拓展] communication(n.)沟通，交流；communicator沟通的人；交流者 [词汇搭配] communicate with与...交流 [词汇例句] He communicated with them with pen and paper.  他用笔和纸与他们交流。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —WeChat ________ makes a great difference to our everyday life. —So it does. It is easier for people to ________ with others. A．mostly; talk B．possibly; speak C．hardly; chat D．exactly; communicate 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——微信确实对我们的日常生活有很大影响。——的确如此。人们与他人交流更容易了。 考查副词和动词辨析。第一空：mostly主要地；possibly可能地；hardly几乎不；exactly确实、确切地。根据“So it does.”可知，此处强调微信确实有很大影响，“exactly”符合语境； 第二空：talk谈话，侧重交流；speak说，侧重语言能力；chat聊天，较随意；communicate交流，强调信息传递。communicate with others表示“与他人交流”，符合语境。 故选D。 10. protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；防护 [词汇拓展] protection(n.)保护；protector(n.)保护者；unprotected(adj.)未受保护的 [词汇搭配] protect ... from/against... 保护...免受...的伤害；protect the environment保护环境 [词汇例句] Everyone should play a part in protecting the environment. 人人都要保护环境。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Wearing goggles (护目镜) when you are swimming. It’s a good way to ________ your eyes from being injured. —OK. Mom. A． protect B．hold C．save D．stop 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——游泳时要戴护目镜。这是保护眼睛免受伤害的好方法。  ——好的，妈妈。 考查动词辨析。protect保护；hold保持；save拯救；stop阻止。根据“your eyes from being injured.”可知，“护目镜”用于保护眼睛，protect…from…“保护……免受……”，故选A。 (2) You can protect yourself ________ wearing this mask in the sandstorm. A．from B．against C．for D．by 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在沙尘暴中，你可以通过佩戴这个口罩来保护自己。 考查介词辨析。from来自；against反对；for为了；by通过。根据“protect yourself ... wearing this mask”可知，此处强调保护自己的方式是戴口罩，表示方式用介词by。故选D。 11. importance /ɪmˈpɔːtns/ n. 重要性 [词汇拓展] important(adj.)重要的 [词汇搭配] be of great/much importance 非常重要；the importance of... ...的重要性 [词汇例句] State your reasons in order of importance .按重要性顺序陈述你的理由。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It’s ________ to understand the ________ of health. A．important; important B．important; importance C．importance; important D．importance; importance 【答案】B 【详解】句意：理解健康的重要性是很重要的。 考查形容词和名词的用法。important重要的，形容词，在句中作表语；importance重要性，名词，在句中作understand的宾语，the importance of...是固定搭配，表示“……的重要性”。根据“It’s”可知，第一空需填形容词important；根据“the...of health”可知，第二空需填名词importance。故选B。 12. human /ˈhjuːmən/ n. 人 adj. 人的；人类的 [词汇搭配] the human body人体；human being人类 [词汇例句] Dogs can hear much better than humans. 狗的听觉比人灵敏得多。 13. happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ n. 幸福；快乐 [词汇拓展] happy(adj.)快乐的；happily(adv.)快乐地；unhappy(adj.)不快乐的；unhappily(adv.)不快 乐地 [词汇例句] She found happiness in her later years. 她在晚年才寻得幸福。 [随学随练] 用happy的适当形式填空。 (1) He likes to share his happiness with his friends. (2) The boy likes computer games. Playing computer games makes him feel happy. (3) Mrs King looked unhappy because many students arrived late. (4) Then one day, my classmates talked happily with their friends, but I sat at my desk unhappily as usual. 14. ton /tʌn/ n. 吨 [词汇搭配] tons of 大量，许多；weigh a ton 重达一吨 [词汇例句] There are tons of books in our new library.我们的新图书馆有大量的书。 15. role /rəʊl/ n. 作用；职能；角色 [词汇搭配] play an important role in在...发挥重要作用；the leading role主角；role model榜样 [词汇例句] She refused to take on the traditional woman's role.她拒绝承担传统妇女的角色。 16. climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 [词汇搭配] climate change 气候变化；a pleasant climate宜人的气候 [词汇例句] Many animals are in danger because of climate change.由于气候变化很多动物处于危险中。 17. ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 大海；海洋 [词汇拓展] the Pacific Ocean太平洋；the Arctic Ocean北冰洋 the Atlantic Ocean大西洋；the Indian Ocean印度洋 [词汇搭配] an ocean of...许多，大量；a drop in the ocean沧海一粟；九牛一毛 [词汇例句] Millions of tons of plastic enters the ocean every year. 每年有数百万吨塑料进入海洋 18. except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除……之外；除了 [词汇辨析] except / besides / except for · except引出陈述中唯一不适用的事物、情形、人或想法。 All of his body relaxed except his right hand除了右手外，他全身都放松了。 · besides用来引出除已经提到的事物之外的其他事物。 Fruit will give you, besides enjoyment, a source of vitamins水果不但好吃，而且富含维生素。 · except for 用于引出使某陈述不能完全成立的事物。 Except for one old lady, the bus was empty. 除了一位老太太，汽车是空的。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Did you study any other language ________ English when you were at college? —Yes, I studied three. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each. A．except; besides B．but; except C．besides; except 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在大学时除了英语还学过别的语言吗？——是的，我学了3种。但除去几个单词外，我都忘记了。 考查介词辨析。besides除……之外（还有）；but除了；except除……之外（不再有）。根据“Did you study any other languages...English when you were at college?”可知，问句询问的是“除了学英语以外，还学了其他的语言吗”，即英语是包含在内的，空处应是besides，排除选项A和B；而回答者把学过的都忘了，只记住几个单词，这几个单词不在遗忘的范围内，结合选项，第二空填except。故选C。 19. tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj. 极小的；微小的 [词汇拓展] <比较级>tinier；<最高级> tiniest [词汇搭配] the tiniest animals in the ocean大洋中最微小的动物 [词汇例句] The living room is tiny.起居室非常小。 20. lively /ˈlaɪvli/ adj. 精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 [词汇搭配] a lively and healthy ecosystem 一个充满活力和健康的生态系统 [词汇辨析] lively / alive / living / live · lively意为“生动的”，“活泼的”，“充满生气的”，用作表语或定语，可以用来修饰人或物。 She had a sweet, lively personality. 她的性格可爱活泼。 · alive是表语形容词，作“活着的”，“在世的”解，它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物。作定语时要后置。 The cheetah is alive. 猎豹是活的。 Is the snake alive or dead ? 这条蛇是活的还是死的？ · living意为“活着的”，主要用作定语，常置于名词之前，有时也可置于名词之后，也可用作表语。 He is one among the living men. 他是那些活着的人之一。 The injured man is living. 那位受伤的男人还活着。 · live读作/laɪv/，意为“活着的”，可以作定语，放在所修饰的名词之前，一般不用来修饰人。 He saw a live snake. 他看见了一条活的蛇。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 “In this __________ season of early summer when every _______ thing is full of energy, I wish to welcome all of you!” said Chinese President Xi Jinping at the opening ceremony of BRF. A．alive; living B．lively; alive C．lovely; living D．live; loving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在这个初夏可爱的季节里，每一种生物都充满活力，我衷心欢迎你们所有人！考查形容词辨析题。alive 意为"活着的、有活力的",是表语形容词，可修饰人、物；living 意为"活着的、有生命的"，主要用于作前置定语及冠词the 之后表示一类人，也可用作表语，可修饰人或物；lively 意为"活泼的"，"有生气的"，可用作表语、定语，指人或物；lovely意思是"可爱的"，"美好的"；live指的是（动、植物）"活的"，"有生命的"，"活生生的，主要用来说鸟或其它动物，作前置定语。前空后面名词season季节，和alive、living、lively与live均不搭配，需用lovely修饰，every强调全部，根据full of energy充满活力，可知本句主语是“每一个有生命的事物”即生物living thing，故选C。 3、 重难句型解析 1. “one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”结构 (教材原文)We need each other to live,and bees are one of the best examples of this connection.我们需要彼此生存，而蜜蜂就是这种联系的最佳例子之一。 (教材原文)Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world.蜜蜂也是世界上最有趣的动物之一。 “one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”结构表示“最...的...之一”，是常用的最高级结构之一。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The Yellow River is one of ________ in China. A．the longest river B．the longest rivers C．longer rivers D．longer river 【答案】B 【详解】句意：黄河是中国最长的河流之一。 考查形容词最高级。根据“The Yellow River is one of …in China.”可知，此处为固定结构one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”。故选B。 2. as/when引导时间状语从句 (教材原文)As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them.当它们从一朵花飞到另一朵花时，它们会带走花粉。 (教材原文)When a blue whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many kinds of animals living in and around the sea.当一头蓝鲸在海里死亡时，它就成为生活在海中和周围的许多动物的食物。 as用作连词引导时间状语从句，一般强调主从句动作同时发生且持续进行。 when引导时间状语从句时，从句的动词可以在主句动作之前、之后或同时发生。 when和as有时可以替换使用。当as表示“随着...”不能用when替换。 You should pay attention to the traffic lights as/ when you cross the road. 你过马路时要注意红绿灯。 As the day went on, the weather got worse. 随着时间推移，天气变得更糟糕了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —_________ time goes on, her illness gets worse and worse. —She is always a strong-minded lady. Hope a miracle will happen. A．When B．While C．Once D．As 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——随着时间的推移，她的病情越来越严重。——她一直是一个意志坚强的女士。希望奇迹会发生。 考查连词辨析。When当……时；While当……时；Once一旦；As随着。根据“...time goes on, her illness gets worse and worse.”可知，随着时间的推移，她的病情加重，用as引导时间状语从句。故选D。 (2) I was reading a book in the library ________ a friend of mine came to sit next to me. A．before B．while C．when D．if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我正在图书馆看书，这时我的一个朋友过来坐在我旁边。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；while当……时候；when当……时候；if如果。根据“I was reading a book in the library...a friend of mine came to sit next to me.”可知，主句是过去进行时，从句动词came为瞬间动作，应用when引导时间状语从句，表示“读书”被“朋友来”打断。故选C。 3. 宾语从句 (教材原文)For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet.出于这个原因，许多科学家认为蜜蜂是地球上最重要的动物。 (教材原文)Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth.想想你能做些什么来保护地球上最神奇的动物之一。 (教材原文)When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where and how far away the food is.当蜜蜂找到新的食物时，它会用舞蹈告诉其他蜜蜂食物在哪里，有多远。 第一句中that引导宾语从句，that没有意义，且在从句中不充当任何成分。 第二句中what引导宾语从句，what是连接代词，在从句中充当主干成分。 第三句中where和how far引导宾语从句，where和how或how短语是连接副词，在从句中充当状语成分。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —What did your sister say? —She said ________ she would leave the message on the answering machine. A．that B．if C．whether D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你姐姐说了什么？——她说她会把留言留在自动应答机上。 考查宾语从句的引导词。that无实际意义，在宾语从句中不充当成分，可省略；if是否；whether是否；what什么，在宾语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。分析句子可知，答句中“she would leave the message on the answering machine”是宾语从句，该从句结构完整，不缺任何成分，且不需要“是否”的疑问含义，因此应用that引导。故选A。 (2) I don’t understand ________ you said. A．what B．that C．which D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不理解你所说的。 考查宾语从句引导词。what什么；that那个，引导名词性从句时不作成分；which哪一个；how如何。此处从句缺少宾语，需用“what”指代“你所说的内容”。故选A。 (3) Could you please tell me ______ the nearest bus stop is? A．that B．if C．where D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能告诉我最近的公共汽车站在哪里吗？ 考查宾语从句的引导词辨析。that那个；if是否；where哪里；when什么时候。根据“...the nearest bus stop is”可知，问的是最近的公共汽车站在哪里，从句中缺少地点状语。故选C。 4. 表语从句 (教材原文)Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate.关于蜜蜂的另一个有趣的事情是它们如何交流。 此句中how they communicate是how引导的从句，位于系动词is后，是一个表语从句。 再比如：My advice is that you should stay here for some days. 我的建议是你在这待一些天。 4、 其他重要知识点讲解 1. “基数词+percent of +n.” (教材原文)In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.事实上，如果没有他们的工作，世界上大约80%的植物将无法生长。 表示“百分之...”用基数词+percent of +n.结构。其后的谓语动词与名词单复数保持一致。 2. in order to用法 (教材原文)In order to store honey, they create honeycombs.为了储存蜂蜜，他们创造了蜂巢。  in order to 表示“为了..，目的是...”，其后接动词原形。 近似表达为in order that，但in order that后接从句，相当于so that引导目的状语从句。 比如：In order that we get there on time, we should set out early.为了准时赶到那里，我们应该早点出发。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Sally studies hard in order to ________ a good university. A．gets into B．get into C．got into D．getting into 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了进入一所好大学，Sally努力学习。 考查非谓语动词。in order to do sth.“为了做某事”。故选B。 (2) She dressed up ________ everyone might notice her. A．in order to B．in order that C．although D．because of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她精心打扮以便大家都能注意到她。 考查目的状语从句。in order to为了，后接动词原形；in order that为了，后接从句；although尽管，引导让步状语从句；because of是介词短语，后跟名词或名词性短语表示原因。根据“everyone might notice her.”可知精心打扮是为了大家都能注意到她，应用in order that引导目的状语从句，故选B。 3. the number of 用法 (教材原文)However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried.然而，蜜蜂的数量正在下降，科学家们对此感到担忧。 the number of...  表示“....的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。而a number of...表示“很多，大量”，其后接可数名词复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 比如：A number of students are playing basketball.许多学生在打篮球。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Do you know ________ money we need to buy the materials for the school event? —Well, we need to buy ________ things, so it might be a bit expensive. A．how many; a number of B．how much; a number of C．how many; the number of D．how much; the number of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道我们需要多少钱来购买学校活动的材料吗？——嗯，我们需要买很多东西，所以可能有点贵。 考查疑问词组和短语辨析。how many多少，后接可数名词复数；how much多少，后接不可数名词；a number of许多，后接可数名词复数；the number of……的数量。根据“money”可知是不可数名词，第一空用how much；再由“things”可知是很多东西，第二空用a number of。故选B。 (2) The number of the teachers ________ 80 and a number of them ________ kind. A．is; are B．are; is C．are; are D．is; is 【答案】A 【详解】句意：教师的数量是80，并且他们中的许多人都很友善。 考查主谓一致。第一空，“the number of+可数名词复数”表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，要用is；第二空，“a number of+可数名词复数”表示“许多……”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，要用are。故选A。 4. while表示“对比” (教材原文)The smallest frogs are about the size of a pea, while larger ones can grow as big as a human hand.最小的青蛙只有豌豆大小，而较大的青蛙可以长到人的手掌大小。 此句中while用作连词，表示“对比”。 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) He (存储) (两顿)of potatoes last year. 【答案】 stored two tons (2) The earth is a (行星) and it goes around the sun. 【答案】planet (3)  There are many different cell types (细胞类型) in the ________ (人类的) body. 【答案】humans (4) (事实上), he stays up late to play computer games. 【答案】 In fact (5) Parents (起着重要作用) their children’s education. 【答案】 play an important role in (6) Playing computer games for a long time is bad for eyesight. (出于这个原因), my parents limit my screen time. 【答案】 For this reason (7) The Amazon rainforest (有...栖息) millions of different plant and animal species. 【答案】 is home to (8) Bamboo is (最受欢迎的题材之一)in Chinese paintings. 【答案】one of the most popular subjects (9) Human survival(生存) (与...有关联)a healthy environment. 【答案】 is connected with (10) (为了使) her room tidy, Lily cleans it every evening. 【答案】 In order to make (11) Some tortoises can (活到) 200 years if the environment is good. 【答案】 live up to (12) Our plan of protecting the environment will be successful if everyone (参与)it. 【答案】 plays a part in (13) (气候变化)affects our planet, so we should take action now. 【答案】Climate change (14) If everybody (采取行动), the world will be greener and more beautiful. 【答案】 takes action will be (15) We realize (...的重要性) helping each other in daily life. 【答案】the importance of 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) Alice wants to buy a pair of sunglasses to protect herself the sun. 【答案】from/against (2) Can you imagine (dance) in the middle of your room? 【答案】dancing (3) Miss Li is reading her textbook carefully without (notice) me enter the teacher’s office. 【答案】noticing (4) The movie helps people understand the (important) of family. 【答案】importance (5) Many animals are in danger because climate change. 【答案】of (6) The students were (disappoint) because they didn’t win the game. 【答案】disappointed (7) The bridge is strong enough to support several (ton) of weight. 【答案】tons (8) There is a strong (connect) between hard work and success. 【答案】connection (9) The Internet has provided us with more ways of (communicate). 【答案】communication (10) We should take (act) to protect our environment. 【答案】action (11) Yesterday our headmaster made a speech on environmental (protect). 【答案】protection (12) Creating a paper-cut artwork together can bring children a lot of (happy). 【答案】happiness (13) He seems even (tiny) than we thought. 【答案】tinier (14) As a (live) child, he enjoys running around the park and exploring new things. 【答案】lively (15) The number of the students in our school ________ (be) 2,000, and forty per cent of them ________(be) girls. 【答案】is ; are 3. 单项填空。 (1) All of us were ________ when we watched the ________ match. A．disappointed, disappointed B．disappointing, disappointing C．disappointed, disappointing D．disappointing, disappointed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们看了那场令人失望的比赛时，我们都很失望。 考查形容词辨析。disappointed失望的，修饰人；disappointing令人失望的，修饰物；第一空修饰主语人All of us，用disappointed作表语；第二空修饰物match，用disappointing作定语。故选C。 (2) Sometimes life isn’t as perfect as we ________.We must accept disappointment in our life, and we must never lose heart. A．imagine B．communicate C．mind D．connect 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有时候生活并不像我们想象的那么完美。我们必须接受生活中的不如意，并且永远不要灰心。 考查动词辨析。imagine想象；communicate沟通；mind介意；connect连接。根据“We must accept disappointment in our life”可知，我们必须接受生活中的不如意，因为生活不会像我们所想象的那么完美。故选A。 (3) The number of the volunteers in our city ________ 3, 000. And fifty percent of them ________ students. A．is; is B．are; is C．is; are D．are; are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们城市中志愿者的数量是3000人，其中百分之五十的人是学生。 考查主谓一致。the number of. . .作主语时，谓语动词用单数，因此第一空用is。百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词要和百分数后的名词或代词保持一致，此处为 them，谓语用复数形式，因此第二空用are。故选C。 (4) ________ wear thick glasses, we should do what we can ________ our eyes from the sun and the screen (屏幕). A．In order not to; to prevent B．In order to not; prevent C．In order not to; to protect D．In order to not; protect 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了不戴厚眼镜，我们应该尽我们所能保护我们的眼睛免受阳光和屏幕的伤害。 考查非谓语及动词辨析。prevent阻止；protect保护。根据“wear thick glasses”可知，此处是为了不戴厚眼镜，in order not to do“为了不做某事”，排除B、D；根据“we should do what we can ... our eyes from the sun and the screen”可知，“做我们能做的事情”是为了“保护眼睛免受阳光和屏幕的伤害”，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故选C。 (5) About seventy per cent of our classmates ________ in the playground. A．is play B．are play C．is playing D．are playing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大约百分之七十的同学在操场上玩。 考查主谓一致。百分数修饰名词时，谓语的单复数与of后的名词单复数保持一致，“classmates”是复数，助动词用are，后接现在分词构成现在进行时结构，故选D。 (6) David left the school pop group. Then I took over his ________ as lead singer. A．farm B．part C．role D．sale 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大卫离开了学校的流行乐队。然后我接替了他担任主唱的角色。 考查名词辨析。farm农场；part部分；role角色；sale降价出售。根据“David left the school pop group. Then I took over his...as lead singer.”可知，“我”接替了大卫担任主唱的角色。故选C。 (7) Many butterflies are still ______________ after the long winter days. Now the forest is ______________. A．lively; lively B．alive; alive C．alive; lively D．lively; alive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：长长冬天后许多蝴蝶仍然活着，现在森林里是有生气的。根据alive活着的，有生命的， lively活泼的，生动的，可作定语和表语；根据句意故选C (8) The boy got sick because he goes to school ______ having breakfast every morning. A．without B．besides C．with D．except 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个男孩生病了，因为他每天早上不吃早餐就去上学。 考查介词辨析。without没有；besides除了，此外；with和；except除了。根据“The boy got sick because he goes to school”可知，此处解释男孩生病的原因是上学不吃早餐。故选A。 (9) DeepSeek, one of ________ AI tools, is downloaded freely and quickly on the Internet. A．the most popular B．more popular C．most popular D．popular 【答案】A 【详解】句意：DeepSeek是最受欢迎的AI工具之一，可以在互联网上免费快速下载。 考查形容词最高级用法。根据“one of...AI tools”可知，此处是“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”；因此空处用“the+形容词最高级”，popular的最高级是most popular。故选A。 (10) —Why did you get up so early this morning? —________ catch the first bus to the airport. A．In order to B．In order that C．So that D．Because of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你今天早上为什么起这么早？——为了赶上去机场的第一班公交车。 考查短语辨析。In order to为了，后接动词原形；In order that为了，后接从句；So that为了，以便，后接从句；Because of因为，后接名词或名词短语。根据“catch the first bus to the airport”可知，此处是表示目的，且catch是动词原形，所以应该用In order to。故选A。 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 听力选择 请听一段对话，回答下面三个小题。 1．What’s Amy doing now? A．Seeing a film. B．Watching a video. C．Reading a book. 2．How many South China tigers are there on the earth? A．About 140. B．About 240. C．About 340. 3．How should we protect the tigers according to Amy and Jack? ①By stopping people from killing them.    ②By building tiger research bases.     ③By protecting their homes in the wild. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【原文】W: Hi, this is Amy speaking. M: Hi, Amy. This is Jack. What are you doing now? W: I am reading a book. M: What is the book about? W: It’s about South China tigers. It’s said that there are only about 240 South China tigers left on the earth. M: Sounds terrible. What should we do to protect them? W: We should stop people from killing them. M: You are right. We can also build South China tiger research bases and let more people know about them. W: I agree. Let’s start from now on to let more people know about the South China tigers. 听独白，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确选项，回答问题。 4．Who is at the top of the food chain (食物链)? A．The lion. B．The shark. C．People. 5．What kind of animal is one of the strongest animals on land? A．The lion. B．The whale. C．The monkey. 6．Is the shark one of the most dangerous animals in the sea? A．Yes, it is. B．No, it isn’t. C．We don’t know. 7．Why are we facing danger? A．Because there are too many dangerous animals in nature. B．Because there are fewer animals and plants than before. C．Because there are too many people. 8．What should we do to protect ourselves? A．We should kill the lions and sharks. B．We should protect the animals and plants. C．We should protect the lions and sharks. 【答案】4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．B 【原文】 There is a big food chain in nature. For example, the lion may be one of the strongest animals in the land food chain. The shark is one of the most dangerous animals in the sea. Although there are all kinds of dangerous animals in nature, people are at the top of the whole food chain. Because we can make the animals and plants our food if we want to. But we are facing danger as well. Lots of animals and plants are fewer than before. So we should learn to protect the animals and plants in nature. If we protect animals and plants, we are protecting ourselves. 听下面的对话，回答下列小题。 9．How heavy is an ordinary cat? A．A few kilos. B．As heavy as a butterfly. C．As heavy as a man. 10．Which is the longest living animal in the world? A．A butterfly. B．A man. C．A giant turtle. 11．How long can a butterfly live? A．A few years. B．A few days. C．A few months. 【答案】9．A 10．C 11．B 【原文】A: Mom, do you know how heavy a cat is? B: I think an ordinary cat weighs about a few kilos. A: And how much does a butterfly weigh? Only a few grams, I’m sure. B: Is man the longest living animal in the world? A: No, that’s a giant turtle. But a man can live for nearly a hundred years. Nowadays, that’s quite long. B: And how long can a butterfly live? Can it live as long as a man? A: No, a butterfly only lives for a few days. 2. 补全对话 A: Hi, Peter! Did you watch the World Service CCTV yesterday evening? B: No, I didn’t. 1 A: Yes, there was. The African elephants are endangered (濒临灭绝的). B: Really? 2 A: People killed a great number of elephants only for their tusk (象牙). B: Was there anything about the sharks? How about them? A: Their numbers drop greatly, too. 3 B: Why? A: Because people catch them for their fins (鱼翅) to make shark fin soup. B: 4 We are supposed to try our best to protect these animals. A:   5 Animals are important to us. They are our friends. A．What happened to them? B．That’s too boring! C．Was there anything important? D．I agree with you. E．It’s said that there are few left in the world. F．It’s important to keep the balance (平衡) of nature. G．Why don’t they do something to protect them? 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．F 5．D 【分析】本篇对话难度适中，主要讲述非洲象以及鲨鱼濒临灭绝的原因，最后呼吁大家保护这些动物。 1．根据Yes, there was可知，应该用there be句型的一般疑问句，表示“有一些重要的事情吗？”，故选C。 2．根据The African elephants are endangered以及People killed a great number of elephants only for their tusk可知，应问“他们发生了是么事情？”，故选A。 3．根据Their numbers drop greatly, too以及Because people catch them for their fins (鱼翅) to make shark fin soup可知，鲨鱼的数量急剧减少，据说世界上几乎没剩下多少，故选E。 4．根据We are supposed to try our best to protect these animals可知，表示“保持自然平衡很重要”，故选F。 5．根据We are supposed to try our best to protect these animals以及Animals are important to us. They are our friends可知，表示“我同意你的观点”，故选D。 3. 语篇填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。 Frogs are amazing creatures that play 1 important role in our ecosystem. Many people know they help farmers by eating insects. But do you know more about their 2 (connect) with nature? First, let’s talk about their growth. After rain, mushrooms and some frogs 3 (appear) in gardens. In some places, people use bamboo baskets to 4 (store) food, just like how frogs find safe spots to live. When we lose our 5 (favourite) plants or animals, we may feel 6 (disappoint). Frogs also face changes—their homes are sometimes destroyed. It’s hard to 7 (imagine) a world without these little helpers. Scientists study frogs to understand the 8 (important) of protecting our planet. Even a small action, like not polluting water, can 9 (act) as a way to save them. Let’s all do our part 10 (keep) frogs and nature in balance! 【答案】 1．an 2．connection 3．appear 4．store 5．favourite 6．disappointed 7．imagine 8．importance 509．act 5010．to keep 【导语】本文主要介绍了青蛙这一生物，围绕其生态作用、生长关联、生存现状及保护意义展开，旨在向读者普及青蛙对生态系统的重要性，并呼吁共同保护青蛙，维护自然生态平衡。 1．句意：青蛙是神奇的生物，在我们的生态系统中扮演着一个重要的角色。play a/an+形容词+role“扮演……的角色”，固定搭配，而“important”是以元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an。故填an。 2．句意：但你是否更了解它们与自然的联系呢？空前形容词性物主代词their“它们的”后接名词，因此这里应用connect的名词形式connection“联系”，此处指“与自然的关联”，用单数即可。故填connection。 3．句意：雨后，蘑菇和一些青蛙出现在花园里。句子描述雨后常见的自然现象，需用一般现在时，且主语“mushrooms and some frogs”为复数，谓语动词应用原形。故填appear。 4．句意：在一些地方，人们用竹篮储存食物，就像青蛙寻找安全的地方居住一样。use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词原形store“贮存，储藏”。故填store。 5．句意：当我们失去最喜爱的植物或动物时，我们可能会感到失望。分析句子结构可知，这里应用形容词favourite“最喜欢的”，在句中作定语，修饰“plants or animals”。故填favourite。 6．句意：当我们失去最喜爱的植物或动物时，我们可能会感到失望。空前“feel”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，且主语是人(we)，需用修饰人的形容词disappointed“感到失望的”。故填disappointed。 7．句意：很难想象一个没有这些小帮手 (指青蛙) 的世界。分析句子结构可知，此处考查It’s hard to do sth.“很难做某事”，固定句型，其中“It”为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构；空前为动词不定式符号to，因此这里应用动词原形imagine“想象”。故填imagine。 8．句意：科学家研究青蛙以理解保护我们星球的重要性。根据“the … of”可知，此处是指“……的重要性”，应用important的名词形式importance“重要性”，不可数。故填importance。 9．句意：即使是一个小行动，比如不污染水，都可以作为拯救它们的一种方式。空前情态动词“can”后接动词原形，因此这里应用动词原形act。故填act。 10．句意：让我们都尽自己的一份力来保持青蛙与自然的平衡！do one’s part to do sth.“尽某人的职责去做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式表目的。故填to keep。 4. 完形填空 The Little Helpers in Gardens In my hometown, there’s a small garden full of life. Many creatures live here and 1 an important role in keeping it beautiful. Every summer, mushrooms 2 in the garden after rain. They look like little umbrellas and mean a lot to the soil—they help make it rich. Kids love to find them, but some are poisonous, so adults always 3 them not to touch. Frogs also live here. They are not 4 a human hand, but they are great helpers. They keep pests away 5 eating insects. This makes the garden safe for flowers to grow. Once, I put a small frog in my bag by accident. When I checked my 6 later, it jumped out! My mom wasn’t angry—she said frogs 7 to our garden’s health. Scientists do 8 on these creatures. They say climate change may 8 them. It’s sad to think we might lose such helpful friends. Let’s all try to protect them, so future kids can also feel the 10 of seeing them in the garden. 1．A．play B．take C．make D．find 2．A．disappear B．appear C．sleep D．work 3．A．add B．use C．tell D．disappoint 4．A．as big as B．as small as C．as heavy as D．as long as 5．A．with B．by C．in D．on 6．A．luggage B．garden C．hometown D．study 7．A．mean a lot B．add a lot C．use a lot D．play a lot 8．A．roles B．studies C．climates D．peas 9．A．help B．protect C．disappoint D．harm 10．A．sadness B．happiness C．anger D．kindness 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲的是家乡花园里的蘑菇、青蛙等生物对花园有益，气候变化可能伤害它们，我们应保护它们，让未来孩子也能感受看到它们的快乐。 1．句意：许多生物生活在这里，在保持花园美丽方面发挥重要作用。 play扮演；take带走；make制作；find找到。play an important role in“在……中起重要作用”，固定搭配。故选A。 2．句意：每年夏天，雨后花园里会出现蘑菇。 disappear消失；appear出现；sleep睡觉；work工作。根据“Every summer, mushrooms…in the garden after rain. They look like little umbrellas and mean a lot to the soil”可知雨后花园里会出现蘑菇，故选B。 3．句意：孩子们喜欢找蘑菇，但有些是有毒的，所以成年人总是告诉他们不要触摸。 add增加；use使用；tell告诉；disappoint使失望。根据“but some are poisonous, so adults always…them not to touch”可知有些蘑菇有毒，所以成年人告诉孩子们不要去触摸，故选C。 4．句意：青蛙也生活在这里。它们不像人的手一样大，但它们是好帮手。 as big as和……一样大；as small as和……一样小；as heavy as和……一样重；as long as和……一样长。根据“Frogs also live here. They are not…a human hand, but they are great helpers.”可知此处对比青蛙和“人的手”的大小，强调青蛙虽不大，但作用大，故选A。 5．句意：它们通过吃昆虫来驱赶害虫。 with和……一起；by通过；in 在……里面；on在……上面。by+doing表示“通过……的方式”，根据“They keep pests away…eating insects.”可知此处指的是通过吃昆虫来驱赶害虫，故选B。 6．句意：当我稍后检查我的行李时，它跳了出来! luggage行李；garden花园；hometown家乡；study书房。根据“I put a small frog in my bag by accident.”可知前面说把一只小青蛙放进包里，故此处应是检查“行李”，故选A。 7．句意：我妈妈没有生气——她说青蛙对我们花园的健康很重要。 mean a lot对……意义重大；add a lot添加很多；use a lot使用很多；play a lot玩很多。根据“My mom wasn’t angry—she said frogs…to our garden’s health.”可知妈妈没有生气，说明青蛙对花园的健康意义重大，故选A。 8．句意：科学家们对这些生物进行研究。 roles角色；studies研究；climates气候；peas豌豆。根据“Scientists do…on these creatures.”可知此处指的是对这些生物进行研究，do studies on“对……进行研究”符合语境，故选B。 9．句意：他们说气候变化可能会伤害它们。 help帮助；protect保护；disappoint使失望；harm伤害。根据“It’s sad to think we might lose such helpful friends.”可知气候的变化可能会伤害它们，故选D。 10．句意：让我们都努力保护它们，这样将来的孩子们也能在花园里感受到看到它们的快乐。 sadness悲伤；happiness快乐；anger愤怒；kindness善良。根据“helpful friends”和“Let’s all try to protect them, so future kids can also feel the…of seeing them in the garden.”可知此处指的是将来的孩子在花园能感受到看到它们的快乐。故选B。 5. 语篇补全 根据短文内容，从短文后的A~E选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。 Swallows’ Journey​ Swallows are small birds with long wings. Every spring, they fly back to our cities from warm places like Africa. 1 They build nests under the roofs of houses and on bridges, where they can stay safe.​ However, in recent years, fewer swallows have returned. 2 Many old houses are being pulled down, and new buildings have smooth walls—no good for building nests. Also, farmers now use more chemicals, which kill the insects that swallows eat.​ Luckily, people are trying to help. 3 In some towns, workers put special wooden boxes under bridges to give swallows new nesting places. Schools also teach students about protecting these birds.​ Last month, a group of children in a village noticed something happy: swallows were building nests in the new boxes! 4 “We saw three baby swallows in one nest,” said 10-year-old Mia. “It’s like having new friends!”​ Swallows are more than just birds. 5 By helping them, we learn to care for all living things around us.​ A．They bring us joy and remind us of the beauty of nature.​ B．This is because their living environment is changing.​ C．They make the journey to find food and raise their babies.​ D．The birds sang loudly, and the village felt lively again.​ E．People are making their homes more swallow-friendly.​ 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了燕子的迁徙习性——每年春天从非洲等温暖地区飞回城市筑巢，分析了近年来燕子回归数量减少的原因，介绍了人们为保护燕子所做的努力。 1．根据“Every spring, they fly back to our cities from warm places like Africa.”及“They build nests under the roofs of houses and on bridges, where they can stay safe.”可知，前文提到燕子春天迁徙回城市，后文讲燕子筑巢，选项C“它们迁徙是为了寻找食物并养育幼鸟。”解释了燕子迁徙的目的，符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“However, in recent years, fewer swallows have returned.”及“Many old houses are being pulled down... which kill the insects that swallows eat.”可知，前文指出燕子回归数量减少，后文具体说明生存环境的变化，选项B“这是因为它们的生存环境正在发生变化。”作为过渡句，点明数量减少的核心原因，符合语境，故选B。 3．根据“Luckily, people are trying to help.”及“In some towns, workers put special wooden boxes...Schools also teach students about protecting these birds.”可知，前文提到人们在努力帮助燕子，后文列举具体帮助措施，选项E“人们正在让自己的家园更适合燕子生存。”总述人们改善燕子生存环境的行动，引出下文具体措施，故选E。 4．根据“Last month, a group of children in a village noticed something happy: swallows were building nests in the new boxes!”及“We saw three baby swallows in one nest...”可知，前文提到燕子在新巢箱筑巢的喜事，后文引用孩子的话描述看到雏燕的场景，选项D“鸟儿们放声歌唱，村庄又变得热闹起来。”描绘了燕子回归后村庄的生机景象，符合语境，故选D。 5．根据“Swallows are more than just birds.”及“By helping them, we learn to care for all living things around us.”可知，前文强调燕子的特殊意义，后文讲帮助燕子带来的启示，选项A“它们给我们带来欢乐，也提醒我们自然之美。”具体阐述了燕子的价值，符合语境，故选A。 6. 阅读理解 A In California, workers are building a special bridge to help animals. It is called the Wallis Annenberg Wildlife Crossing. This bridge will help animals walk across a big and busy road safely. The road is called Highway 101, and it runs through the Santa Monica Mountains and the Simi Hills. People built it a long time ago, and it makes it hard for animals to move around. The new bridge will make life better for them. People make wildlife crossings (通道)so animals can walk over roads without getting hurt. They also help people stay safe. When cars hit animals, it can cause crashes (撞车事故). These crashes hurt many people every year. With this bridge, both animals and people will be safer. On April 2, workers started putting a lot of soil on top of the new bridge. It took a few weeks to complete the work. Workers will plant many trees and flowers. These plants will help animals feel safe and welcome. The bridge will be very big—it will span (跨过)10 lanes (车道) of Highway 101. Mountain lions, also called cougars, will use this bridge the most. They need to travel far to find food and other cougars. Many of them die when they try to walk across the road. This bridge will help them stay safe and have more space to live in. Other animals like rabbits and even butterflies will also use the bridge. 1．What problem does Highway 101 bring to animals? A．It makes them lose their homes. B．It causes them to leave their families. C．It lets other big animals find them easily. D．It makes it difficult for them to move around. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly want to show? A．There are more and more cars on the roads now. B．Animals on the roads are a big problem for people. C．People cause many problems for wildlife every year. D．Wildlife crossings are good for both people and animals. 3．What does the underlined word “complete” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Guess. B．Finish. C．Change. D．Follow. 4．Why did the writer write the text? A．To tell us something about some animals. B．To share how people built a new road in California. C．To show the importance of a new wildlife crossing. D．To talk about the problems caused by busy roads 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了加州正在建设的Wallis Annenberg野生动物通道，这座横跨101号高速公路的生态桥将帮助山狮等动物安全穿越繁忙道路，既保护了野生动物栖息地连通性，又减少了人车与动物相撞的事故，体现了人与自然和谐共存的理念。 1．细节理解题。根据“The road…makes it hard for animals to move around”可知，这条公路给动物的迁徙活动造成了困难。故选D。 2．主旨大意题。根据“help animals walk over roads without getting hurt”和“help people stay safe”可知，野生动物通道对人类和动物都有益处。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“workers started putting a lot of soil…took a few weeks to complete”可知，此处指“完成”填土工作。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据通读全文可知，本文围绕野生动物通道的建设意义展开，强调其对动物和人类安全的双重价值。故选C。 B What do you usually do when you feel stressed (有压力的)? Some people choose to do some exercise. And some prefer to stay in a room alone and refuse to talk to anyone. Guess what! Just 15 minutes of playing with a friendly dog can reduce stress. Research shows that pet dogs can help college students feel less stressed. The dogs can also have a great time and feel less stressed after playing with the students! You might want to know why the researchers chose college students for this research. The World Health Organization carried out research not long ago and found that about 90% of college students experienced stress. Researchers chose six dogs that were calm in nature and enjoyed staying with people. The dogs were between three and six years old. It was a busy week before the exams, and the students were under great stress. Then, the dogs came to help them. The dogs had never taken part in research before, and the dogs’ owners weren’t there during the playtime. It was just the students and the dogs having a wonderful time together. Before playing with the dogs, the students were asked to fill out some forms about their stress levels. They also had some checks on their bodies, including their blood pressure (血压). Then, the students played with the dogs for 15 minutes. They could pet the dogs, give them food or just run around with them in the playground. The results were amazing. After the students played with the dogs, the doctors found that the students felt less stressed. And the dogs’ stress levels stayed low even a week after the research. So, if you’re feeling stressed, perhaps you should play with a dog. It is a good way to help you feel better! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By offering some studies. B．By explaining a feeling. C．By raising a question. D．By sharing his experiences. 2．Why did researchers choose college students for the research? A．Because they all owned dogs at home. B．Because most of them were under stress. C．Because they had more free time than others. D．Because they were all good at taking care of animals. 3．What was special about the dogs in the research? A．They were calm and human-friendly. B．All of them were under three years old. C．They were trained for medical purposes. D．Their owners stayed with them during the research. 4．What is the main finding of the research? A．Dogs’ stress levels rose after the research. B．Dogs enjoy playing with students more than with adults. C．College students are under more stress than middle school students. D．Playing with dogs for a short time can help students feel less stressed. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了与友好的狗玩耍15分钟可以减轻压力，并通过研究证明宠物狗可以帮助大学生减轻压力。 1．细节理解题。根据“What do you usually do when you feel stressed (有压力的)?”可知，作者以提问的方式开篇。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The World Health Organization carried out research not long ago and found that about 90% of college students experienced stress.”可知，研究人员选择大学生是因为他们普遍承受压力。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Researchers chose six dogs that were calm in nature and enjoyed staying with people.”可知，研究人员选择了六只性格温顺且喜欢与人相处的狗，即这些狗的特点是温顺且亲近人类。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“After the students played with the dogs, the doctors found that the students felt less stressed.”和全文内容可知，研究的主要发现是短时间与狗玩耍能帮助学生减压。故选D。 7. 任务型阅读理解 Beavers: Nature’s Engineers​ Beavers are amazing animals that live near rivers and lakes. They have strong teeth to cut down trees and flat tails to swim. But their most special skill is building dams—walls made of wood, stones, and mud. These dams create ponds, which become homes for many other animals like fish, birds, and frogs.​ Beavers work hard to keep their dams strong. They add more wood or mud when needed, like engineers fixing a bridge. The ponds they build also help plants grow. When rain comes, the dams slow down the water, preventing floods. In dry seasons, the stored water keeps the land green.​ Sadly, beavers are losing their homes because people cut down forests and build cities. This makes it hard for them to find trees to build dams. Without beavers, many ponds dry up, and other animals lose their homes too.​ It’s important for us to protect beavers. We can leave some trees near rivers for them to use. By doing this, we help keep the ecosystem balanced—just like the beavers do.​ 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。​ 1．What do beavers use to build dams? ​ 2．How do the ponds created by beavers help during dry seasons?​ ​ 3．Why is it hard for beavers to build dams now? ​ 4．What can we do to protect beavers?​ ​ 5．Besides beavers, what other animal do you think plays an important role in nature? Why? ​ 【答案】 1．They use wood, stones, and mud. 2．The stored water keeps the land green. 3．Because people cut down forests and build cities, beavers can’t find enough trees. 4．We can leave some trees near rivers for them to use. 5．I think bees play an important role. They carry pollen from flower to flower, helping plants reproduce. Without bees, many fruits and vegetables wouldn’t grow. 【导语】本文介绍了海狸这一被称为 “自然工程师” 的动物，讲述了它们建造水坝的技能、水坝的作用，以及海狸目前面临的生存困境和保护它们的方法。 1．根据第一段中“But their most special skill is building dams—walls made of wood, stones, and mud.”可知，海狸用木头、石头和泥土建水坝。故填They use wood, stones, and mud. 2．根据第二段中“In dry seasons, the stored water keeps the land green.”可知，水坝储存的水在旱季能保持土地呈绿色。故填The stored water keeps the land green. 3．根据第三段中“Sadly, beavers are losing their homes because people cut down forests and build cities. This makes it hard for them to find trees to build dams.”可知，人类砍伐森林和建设城市导致海狸缺少建坝的树木。故填Because people cut down forests and build cities, beavers can’t find enough trees. 4．根据最后一段“We can leave some trees near rivers for them to use.”可知，我们可以在河边留下一些树木供它们使用。故填We can leave some trees near rivers for them to use. 5．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为I think bees play an important role. They carry pollen from flower to flower, helping plants reproduce. Without bees, many fruits and vegetables wouldn’t grow. 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、重难句型等核心知识点。 · Section B部分包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(听力、阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *be connected with 与...相连；与...有关联 2. each other 相互，彼此 3. one of the best examples 最好的例子之一 4. *in fact 确切地说，实际上 5. 80 per cent 百分之八十 6. *for this reason 出于这个原因 7. one of the most interesting animals 最有趣的动物之一 8. for example 例如 9. *in order to 为了，目的是 10. use sth. to do ... 用某物做某事 11. *play a part(in sth.) 参与某事(play an important part in发挥重要作用) 12. the number of ...的数量 13. think about 思考，考虑 14. on earth 在地球上 15. such as 例如 16. *be home to 有...栖息；是...的家乡 17. mean a lot to me 对我意义重大 18. *play a role (in) 在...发挥作用；扮演角色 19. the size of ... ...的尺寸/大小 20. as big as a human hand 和人手一样大 21. by eating insects 通过吃昆虫(by doing 通过某种方式) 22. in nature 在自然中 23. popular subjects 流行的主题 24. climate change 气候变化 25. live up to 90 years 活到90岁 26. last for over a year 持续一年多 2、 重点词汇解析 1. connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 关联；连接 connected /kəˈnektɪd/ adj. 连接的；相关的 connection /kəˈneksn/ n. 联系；连接 [词汇拓展] unconnected (adj.)不相关的，无联系的；disconnected(adj.)分离的；断开的；无关联的 [词汇搭配] connect...with/and...将...与...连接起来；connect (up)...to...使...连接，接通 *be connected with / to 与……相连；与……有关联 a direct/close/strong connection with sth 与某事有直接的 / 密切的 / 牢固的联系 in connection with sb/sth与…有关（或相关） [词汇例句] She connected up the two computers. 她把两台计算机连接起来。 You can connect the new words with picture to help you remember them. 你可以把新单 词和图片联系起来，以帮助你记住它们。 [随学随练] 用connect的适当形式填空。 (1) So you see, a cup of tea  different places. (2) He wanted to make a   with the local environmental group to help improve the situation. (3) The reading buddies(伙伴) felt more   as they often met each other.  2. without /wɪˈðaʊt/ prep. 没有；缺乏 [词汇拓展] with (prep.)携带，具有 [词汇搭配] without doing sth.不做某事 [词汇例句] He left without saying goodbye. 他不辞而别。 Try to eat dinner together without phones or TV. 试着在没有手机或电视的情况下一起 吃晚饭。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Mr. Wang went out the room without ________ a word. —Maybe he was angry. A．say B．said C．saying D．says 3. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象；猜想 [词汇拓展] imaginative(adj.)有想象力的；imagination(n.)想象；想象力 [词汇搭配] imagine doing...想象做某事 [词汇例句] Imagine studying in a quiet library with your best friends. 想象一下，和你最好的朋友在 一个安静的图书馆学习。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It was really hard for people to imagine ________ at home twenty years ago. A．shopping B．shopped C．shop D．to shop 4. disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj. 失望的；沮丧的 disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v. 使失望；使破灭 [词汇拓展] disappointing(adj.)令人失望的；disappointment(n.)失望 [词汇搭配] be disappointed at/by/with sth.对某事/某物失望 be disappointed in/with sb.对某人失望的 be disappointed to do...做某事很失望 [词汇例句] I was disappointed with the film. I had expected it to be much better.我对这部电影感到失 望。我原以为会好得多。 [随学随练] 用disappointed 的适当形式填空。 (1) After he heard the  words, he stood up and managed a smile to cover up his sadness. (2) We must accept   in our life, and we must never lose heart. (3) He can’t finish his task on time and makes the boss . (4) I hate to you, but I'm just not interested. 5. action /ˈækʃn/ n. 行动；行为 [词汇拓展] act(v.)行动；active(adj.)积极的；actively(adv.)积极地 [词汇搭配] take action to do 采取行动做某事 Actions speak louder than word. (saying)行动比言语更为响亮 in action在活动中；在运转；out of action不能工作；失去作用；停止运转 [词汇用法] · action表示“行动，行为过程”时，是不可数名词。 We need to take action at once. 我们要立刻采取行动。 · action表示“所做之事，行为”时，是可数名词。 As always, Peter had a reason for his action.一如往常，彼得对自己的行为总有说辞。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) ________ and work hard for it, and you will get whatever you want. A．Take off B．Take action C．Take up D．Take place (2) Many teenagers are having poor eyesight now, so parents should take action ________ the problem from getting worse. A．to stop B．stopping C．stopped D．stop 6. per cent /pəˈsent/ (= percent) n. 百分之…… adj. & adv. 每一百中 [词汇搭配] 80 per cent 百分之八十 [词汇用法] 分数的表达 · 英语中表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。如“五分之一”表示为one fifth。 · 当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。如“六分之五”表示为five sixths。 · 百分数用“基数词+per cent/percent”表示。如：“90%”表示为ninety percent。 注意：“百分数+名词”作主语时，其后的谓语动词与名词单复数保持一致。如： 70 per cent of the water in the village is from the big river. 这个村子70%水来自这条大河。 40 percent of the students are from the city. 40%的学生来自城市。 · 特殊的分数表达：“二分之一”表示为one half；“四分之一”表示为one quarter；“四分之三 ” 表示为three quarters。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) There are 20 boys and 30 girls in our class. So ________ of the students are boys. A．thirty percent B．forty percent C．fifty percent D．sixty percent (2) Nearly ________ of the earth is covered by sea, but 95 percent of it ________ salty water. A．three fourth; is B．three fourths; is C．three fourth; are D．three fourths; are 7. planet /ˈplænɪt/ n. 行星 [词汇拓展] star (n.)恒星；星星 [词汇搭配] the planet 地球（尤指环境） [词汇例句] The picture shows six of the eight planets in the solar system.这幅图标示了太阳系八大行 星中的6颗。 8. store /stɔː(r)/ v. 贮存；存储 n. 百货商店；商店 [词汇拓展] storage(n.)贮存 [词汇搭配] a health food store保健食品商店；store honey贮存蜂蜜；store away/up存储 in store (for sb) 即将发生（在某人身上）；等待着（某人） set/put (great, etc.) store by sth（十分）看重，重视（某事物） [词汇例句] They think it'll be easy but they have a surprise in store .他们以为事情容易，到时候他们 会吃惊的。 She sets great store by her appearance.她十分看重自己的外貌。 9. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v. 交流；沟通 [词汇拓展] communication(n.)沟通，交流；communicator沟通的人；交流者 [词汇搭配] communicate with与...交流 [词汇例句] He communicated with them with pen and paper.  他用笔和纸与他们交流。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —WeChat ________ makes a great difference to our everyday life. —So it does. It is easier for people to ________ with others. A．mostly; talk B．possibly; speak C．hardly; chat D．exactly; communicate 10. protect /prəˈtekt/ v. 保护；防护 [词汇拓展] protection(n.)保护；protector(n.)保护者；unprotected(adj.)未受保护的 [词汇搭配] protect ... from/against... 保护...免受...的伤害；protect the environment保护环境 [词汇例句] Everyone should play a part in protecting the environment. 人人都要保护环境。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Wearing goggles (护目镜) when you are swimming. It’s a good way to ________ your eyes from being injured. —OK. Mom. A． protect B．hold C．save D．stop (2) You can protect yourself ________ wearing this mask in the sandstorm. A．from B．against C．for D．by 11. importance /ɪmˈpɔːtns/ n. 重要性 [词汇拓展] important(adj.)重要的 [词汇搭配] be of great/much importance 非常重要；the importance of... ...的重要性 [词汇例句] State your reasons in order of importance .按重要性顺序陈述你的理由。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It’s ________ to understand the ________ of health. A．important; important B．important; importance C．importance; important D．importance; importance 12. human /ˈhjuːmən/ n. 人 adj. 人的；人类的 [词汇搭配] the human body人体；human being人类 [词汇例句] Dogs can hear much better than humans. 狗的听觉比人灵敏得多。 13. happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ n. 幸福；快乐 [词汇拓展] happy(adj.)快乐的；happily(adv.)快乐地；unhappy(adj.)不快乐的；unhappily(adv.)不快 乐地 [词汇例句] She found happiness in her later years. 她在晚年才寻得幸福。 [随学随练] 用happy的适当形式填空。 (1) He likes to share his   with his friends. (2) The boy likes computer games. Playing computer games makes him feel . (3) Mrs King looked because many students arrived late. (4) Then one day, my classmates talked happily with their friends, but I sat at my desk as usual. 14. ton /tʌn/ n. 吨 [词汇搭配] tons of 大量，许多；weigh a ton 重达一吨 [词汇例句] There are tons of books in our new library.我们的新图书馆有大量的书。 15. role /rəʊl/ n. 作用；职能；角色 [词汇搭配] play an important role in在...发挥重要作用；the leading role主角；role model榜样 [词汇例句] She refused to take on the traditional woman's role.她拒绝承担传统妇女的角色。 16. climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候 [词汇搭配] climate change 气候变化；a pleasant climate宜人的气候 [词汇例句] Many animals are in danger because of climate change.由于气候变化很多动物处于危险中。 17. ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 大海；海洋 [词汇拓展] the Pacific Ocean太平洋；the Arctic Ocean北冰洋 the Atlantic Ocean大西洋；the Indian Ocean印度洋 [词汇搭配] an ocean of...许多，大量；a drop in the ocean沧海一粟；九牛一毛 [词汇例句] Millions of tons of plastic enters the ocean every year. 每年有数百万吨塑料进入海洋 18. except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除……之外；除了 [词汇辨析] except / besides / except for · except引出陈述中唯一不适用的事物、情形、人或想法。 All of his body relaxed except his right hand除了右手外，他全身都放松了。 · besides用来引出除已经提到的事物之外的其他事物。 Fruit will give you, besides enjoyment, a source of vitamins水果不但好吃，而且富含维生素。 · except for 用于引出使某陈述不能完全成立的事物。 Except for one old lady, the bus was empty. 除了一位老太太，汽车是空的。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Did you study any other language ________ English when you were at college? —Yes, I studied three. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each. A．except; besides B．but; except C．besides; except 19. tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj. 极小的；微小的 [词汇拓展] <比较级>tinier；<最高级> tiniest [词汇搭配] the tiniest animals in the ocean大洋中最微小的动物 [词汇例句] The living room is tiny.起居室非常小。 20. lively /ˈlaɪvli/ adj. 精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 [词汇搭配] a lively and healthy ecosystem 一个充满活力和健康的生态系统 [词汇辨析] lively / alive / living / live · lively意为“生动的”，“活泼的”，“充满生气的”，用作表语或定语，可以用来修饰人或物。 She had a sweet, lively personality. 她的性格可爱活泼。 · alive是表语形容词，作“活着的”，“在世的”解，它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物。作定语时要后置。 The cheetah is alive. 猎豹是活的。 Is the snake alive or dead ? 这条蛇是活的还是死的？ · living意为“活着的”，主要用作定语，常置于名词之前，有时也可置于名词之后，也可用作表语。 He is one among the living men. 他是那些活着的人之一。 The injured man is living. 那位受伤的男人还活着。 · live读作/laɪv/，意为“活着的”，可以作定语，放在所修饰的名词之前，一般不用来修饰人。 He saw a live snake. 他看见了一条活的蛇。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 “In this __________ season of early summer when every _______ thing is full of energy, I wish to welcome all of you!” said Chinese President Xi Jinping at the opening ceremony of BRF. A．alive; living B．lively; alive C．lovely; living D．live; loving 3、 重难句型解析 1. “one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”结构 (教材原文)We need each other to live,and bees are one of the best examples of this connection.我们需要彼此生存，而蜜蜂就是这种联系的最佳例子之一。 (教材原文)Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world.蜜蜂也是世界上最有趣的动物之一。 “one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”结构表示“最...的...之一”，是常用的最高级结构之一。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The Yellow River is one of ________ in China. A．the longest river B．the longest rivers C．longer rivers D．longer river 2. as/when引导时间状语从句 (教材原文)As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them.当它们从一朵花飞到另一朵花时，它们会带走花粉。 (教材原文)When a blue whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many kinds of animals living in and around the sea.当一头蓝鲸在海里死亡时，它就成为生活在海中和周围的许多动物的食物。 as用作连词引导时间状语从句，一般强调主从句动作同时发生且持续进行。 when引导时间状语从句时，从句的动词可以在主句动作之前、之后或同时发生。 when和as有时可以替换使用。当as表示“随着...”不能用when替换。 You should pay attention to the traffic lights as/ when you cross the road. 你过马路时要注意红绿灯。 As the day went on, the weather got worse. 随着时间推移，天气变得更糟糕了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —_________ time goes on, her illness gets worse and worse. —She is always a strong-minded lady. Hope a miracle will happen. A．When B．While C．Once D．As (2) I was reading a book in the library ________ a friend of mine came to sit next to me. A．before B．while C．when D．if 3. 宾语从句 (教材原文)For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet.出于这个原因，许多科学家认为蜜蜂是地球上最重要的动物。 (教材原文)Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth.想想你能做些什么来保护地球上最神奇的动物之一。 (教材原文)When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where and how far away the food is.当蜜蜂找到新的食物时，它会用舞蹈告诉其他蜜蜂食物在哪里，有多远。 第一句中that引导宾语从句，that没有意义，且在从句中不充当任何成分。 第二句中what引导宾语从句，what是连接代词，在从句中充当主干成分。 第三句中where和how far引导宾语从句，where和how或how短语是连接副词，在从句中充当状语成分。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —What did your sister say? —She said ________ she would leave the message on the answering machine. A．that B．if C．whether D．what (2) I don’t understand ________ you said. A．what B．that C．which D．how (3) Could you please tell me ______ the nearest bus stop is? A．that B．if C．where D．when 4. 表语从句 (教材原文)Another interesting thing about bees is how they communicate.关于蜜蜂的另一个有趣的事情是它们如何交流。 此句中how they communicate是how引导的从句，位于系动词is后，是一个表语从句。 再比如：My advice is that you should stay here for some days. 我的建议是你在这待一些天。 4、 其他重要知识点讲解 1. “基数词+percent of +n.” (教材原文)In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.事实上，如果没有他们的工作，世界上大约80%的植物将无法生长。 表示“百分之...”用基数词+percent of +n.结构。其后的谓语动词与名词单复数保持一致。 2. in order to用法 (教材原文)In order to store honey, they create honeycombs.为了储存蜂蜜，他们创造了蜂巢。  in order to 表示“为了..，目的是...”，其后接动词原形。 近似表达为in order that，但in order that后接从句，相当于so that引导目的状语从句。 比如：In order that we get there on time, we should set out early.为了准时赶到那里，我们应该早点出发。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Sally studies hard in order to ________ a good university. A．gets into B．get into C．got into D．getting into (2) She dressed up ________ everyone might notice her. A．in order to B．in order that C．although D．because of 3. the number of 用法 (教材原文)However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried.然而，蜜蜂的数量正在下降，科学家们对此感到担忧。 the number of...  表示“....的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。而a number of...表示“很多，大量”，其后接可数名词复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 比如：A number of students are playing basketball.许多学生在打篮球。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Do you know ________ money we need to buy the materials for the school event? —Well, we need to buy ________ things, so it might be a bit expensive. A．how many; a number of B．how much; a number of C．how many; the number of D．how much; the number of (2) The number of the teachers ________ 80 and a number of them ________ kind. A．is; are B．are; is C．are; are D．is; is 4. while表示“对比” (教材原文)The smallest frogs are about the size of a pea, while larger ones can grow as big as a human hand.最小的青蛙只有豌豆大小，而较大的青蛙可以长到人的手掌大小。 此句中while用作连词，表示“对比”。 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) He (存储) (两顿)of potatoes last year. (2) The earth is a (行星) and it goes around the sun. (3)  There are many different cell types (细胞类型) in the ________ (人类的) body. (4) (事实上), he stays up late to play computer games. (5) Parents (起着重要作用) their children’s education. (6) Playing computer games for a long time is bad for eyesight. (出于这个原因), my parents limit my screen time. (7) The Amazon rainforest (有...栖息) millions of different plant and animal species. (8) Bamboo is (最受欢迎的题材之一)in Chinese paintings. (9) Human survival(生存) (与...有关联)a healthy environment. (10) (为了使) her room tidy, Lily cleans it every evening. (11) Some tortoises can (活到) 200 years if the environment is good. (12) Our plan of protecting the environment will be successful if everyone (参与)it. (13) (气候变化)affects our planet, so we should take action now. (14) If everybody (采取行动), the world will be greener and more beautiful. (15) We realize (...的重要性) helping each other in daily life. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) Alice wants to buy a pair of sunglasses to protect herself the sun. (2) Can you imagine (dance) in the middle of your room? (3) Miss Li is reading her textbook carefully without (notice) me enter the teacher’s office. (4) The movie helps people understand the (important) of family. (5) Many animals are in danger because climate change. (6) The students were (disappoint) because they didn’t win the game. (7) The bridge is strong enough to support several (ton) of weight. (8) There is a strong (connect) between hard work and success. (9) The Internet has provided us with more ways of (communicate). (10) We should take (act) to protect our environment. (11) Yesterday our headmaster made a speech on environmental (protect). (12) Creating a paper-cut artwork together can bring children a lot of (happy). (13) He seems even (tiny) than we thought. (14) As a (live) child, he enjoys running around the park and exploring new things. (15) The number of the students in our school ________ (be) 2,000, and forty per cent of them ________(be) girls. 3. 单项填空。 (1) All of us were ________ when we watched the ________ match. A．disappointed, disappointed B．disappointing, disappointing C．disappointed, disappointing D．disappointing, disappointed (2) Sometimes life isn’t as perfect as we ________.We must accept disappointment in our life, and we must never lose heart. A．imagine B．communicate C．mind D．connect (3) The number of the volunteers in our city ________ 3, 000. And fifty percent of them ________ students. A．is; is B．are; is C．is; are D．are; are (4) ________ wear thick glasses, we should do what we can ________ our eyes from the sun and the screen (屏幕). A．In order not to; to prevent B．In order to not; prevent C．In order not to; to protect D．In order to not; protect (5) About seventy per cent of our classmates ________ in the playground. A．is play B．are play C．is playing D．are playing (6) David left the school pop group. Then I took over his ________ as lead singer. A．farm B．part C．role D．sale (7) Many butterflies are still ______________ after the long winter days. Now the forest is ______________. A．lively; lively B．alive; alive C．alive; lively D．lively; alive (8) The boy got sick because he goes to school ______ having breakfast every morning. A．without B．besides C．with D．except (9) DeepSeek, one of ________ AI tools, is downloaded freely and quickly on the Internet. A．the most popular B．more popular C．most popular D．popular (10) —Why did you get up so early this morning? —________ catch the first bus to the airport. A．In order to B．In order that C．So that D．Because of 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 听力选择 请听一段对话，回答下面三个小题。 1．What’s Amy doing now? A．Seeing a film. B．Watching a video. C．Reading a book. 2．How many South China tigers are there on the earth? A．About 140. B．About 240. C．About 340. 3．How should we protect the tigers according to Amy and Jack? ①By stopping people from killing them.    ②By building tiger research bases.     ③By protecting their homes in the wild. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ 听独白，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确选项，回答问题。 4．Who is at the top of the food chain (食物链)? A．The lion. B．The shark. C．People. 5．What kind of animal is one of the strongest animals on land? A．The lion. B．The whale. C．The monkey. 6．Is the shark one of the most dangerous animals in the sea? A．Yes, it is. B．No, it isn’t. C．We don’t know. 7．Why are we facing danger? A．Because there are too many dangerous animals in nature. B．Because there are fewer animals and plants than before. C．Because there are too many people. 8．What should we do to protect ourselves? A．We should kill the lions and sharks. B．We should protect the animals and plants. C．We should protect the lions and sharks. 听下面的对话，回答下列小题。 9．How heavy is an ordinary cat? A．A few kilos. B．As heavy as a butterfly. C．As heavy as a man. 10．Which is the longest living animal in the world? A．A butterfly. B．A man. C．A giant turtle. 11．How long can a butterfly live? A．A few years. B．A few days. C．A few months. 2. 补全对话 A: Hi, Peter! Did you watch the World Service CCTV yesterday evening? B: No, I didn’t. 1 A: Yes, there was. The African elephants are endangered (濒临灭绝的). B: Really? 2 A: People killed a great number of elephants only for their tusk (象牙). B: Was there anything about the sharks? How about them? A: Their numbers drop greatly, too. 3 B: Why? A: Because people catch them for their fins (鱼翅) to make shark fin soup. B: 4 We are supposed to try our best to protect these animals. A:   5 Animals are important to us. They are our friends. A．What happened to them? B．That’s too boring! C．Was there anything important? D．I agree with you. E．It’s said that there are few left in the world. F．It’s important to keep the balance (平衡) of nature. G．Why don’t they do something to protect them? 3. 语篇填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。 Frogs are amazing creatures that play 1 important role in our ecosystem. Many people know they help farmers by eating insects. But do you know more about their 2 (connect) with nature? First, let’s talk about their growth. After rain, mushrooms and some frogs 3 (appear) in gardens. In some places, people use bamboo baskets to 4 (store) food, just like how frogs find safe spots to live. When we lose our 5 (favourite) plants or animals, we may feel 6 (disappoint). Frogs also face changes—their homes are sometimes destroyed. It’s hard to 7 (imagine) a world without these little helpers. Scientists study frogs to understand the 8 (important) of protecting our planet. Even a small action, like not polluting water, can 9 (act) as a way to save them. Let’s all do our part 10 (keep) frogs and nature in balance! 4. 完形填空 The Little Helpers in Gardens In my hometown, there’s a small garden full of life. Many creatures live here and 1 an important role in keeping it beautiful. Every summer, mushrooms 2 in the garden after rain. They look like little umbrellas and mean a lot to the soil—they help make it rich. Kids love to find them, but some are poisonous, so adults always 3 them not to touch. Frogs also live here. They are not 4 a human hand, but they are great helpers. They keep pests away 5 eating insects. This makes the garden safe for flowers to grow. Once, I put a small frog in my bag by accident. When I checked my 6 later, it jumped out! My mom wasn’t angry—she said frogs 7 to our garden’s health. Scientists do 8 on these creatures. They say climate change may 8 them. It’s sad to think we might lose such helpful friends. Let’s all try to protect them, so future kids can also feel the 10 of seeing them in the garden. 1．A．play B．take C．make D．find 2．A．disappear B．appear C．sleep D．work 3．A．add B．use C．tell D．disappoint 4．A．as big as B．as small as C．as heavy as D．as long as 5．A．with B．by C．in D．on 6．A．luggage B．garden C．hometown D．study 7．A．mean a lot B．add a lot C．use a lot D．play a lot 8．A．roles B．studies C．climates D．peas 9．A．help B．protect C．disappoint D．harm 10．A．sadness B．happiness C．anger D．kindness 5. 语篇补全 根据短文内容，从短文后的A~E选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。 Swallows’ Journey​ Swallows are small birds with long wings. Every spring, they fly back to our cities from warm places like Africa. 1 They build nests under the roofs of houses and on bridges, where they can stay safe.​ However, in recent years, fewer swallows have returned. 2 Many old houses are being pulled down, and new buildings have smooth walls—no good for building nests. Also, farmers now use more chemicals, which kill the insects that swallows eat.​ Luckily, people are trying to help. 3 In some towns, workers put special wooden boxes under bridges to give swallows new nesting places. Schools also teach students about protecting these birds.​ Last month, a group of children in a village noticed something happy: swallows were building nests in the new boxes! 4 “We saw three baby swallows in one nest,” said 10-year-old Mia. “It’s like having new friends!”​ Swallows are more than just birds. 5 By helping them, we learn to care for all living things around us.​ A．They bring us joy and remind us of the beauty of nature.​ B．This is because their living environment is changing.​ C．They make the journey to find food and raise their babies.​ D．The birds sang loudly, and the village felt lively again.​ E．People are making their homes more swallow-friendly.​ 6. 阅读理解 A In California, workers are building a special bridge to help animals. It is called the Wallis Annenberg Wildlife Crossing. This bridge will help animals walk across a big and busy road safely. The road is called Highway 101, and it runs through the Santa Monica Mountains and the Simi Hills. People built it a long time ago, and it makes it hard for animals to move around. The new bridge will make life better for them. People make wildlife crossings (通道)so animals can walk over roads without getting hurt. They also help people stay safe. When cars hit animals, it can cause crashes (撞车事故). These crashes hurt many people every year. With this bridge, both animals and people will be safer. On April 2, workers started putting a lot of soil on top of the new bridge. It took a few weeks to complete the work. Workers will plant many trees and flowers. These plants will help animals feel safe and welcome. The bridge will be very big—it will span (跨过)10 lanes (车道) of Highway 101. Mountain lions, also called cougars, will use this bridge the most. They need to travel far to find food and other cougars. Many of them die when they try to walk across the road. This bridge will help them stay safe and have more space to live in. Other animals like rabbits and even butterflies will also use the bridge. 1．What problem does Highway 101 bring to animals? A．It makes them lose their homes. B．It causes them to leave their families. C．It lets other big animals find them easily. D．It makes it difficult for them to move around. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly want to show? A．There are more and more cars on the roads now. B．Animals on the roads are a big problem for people. C．People cause many problems for wildlife every year. D．Wildlife crossings are good for both people and animals. 3．What does the underlined word “complete” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Guess. B．Finish. C．Change. D．Follow. 4．Why did the writer write the text? A．To tell us something about some animals. B．To share how people built a new road in California. C．To show the importance of a new wildlife crossing. D．To talk about the problems caused by busy roads B What do you usually do when you feel stressed (有压力的)? Some people choose to do some exercise. And some prefer to stay in a room alone and refuse to talk to anyone. Guess what! Just 15 minutes of playing with a friendly dog can reduce stress. Research shows that pet dogs can help college students feel less stressed. The dogs can also have a great time and feel less stressed after playing with the students! You might want to know why the researchers chose college students for this research. The World Health Organization carried out research not long ago and found that about 90% of college students experienced stress. Researchers chose six dogs that were calm in nature and enjoyed staying with people. The dogs were between three and six years old. It was a busy week before the exams, and the students were under great stress. Then, the dogs came to help them. The dogs had never taken part in research before, and the dogs’ owners weren’t there during the playtime. It was just the students and the dogs having a wonderful time together. Before playing with the dogs, the students were asked to fill out some forms about their stress levels. They also had some checks on their bodies, including their blood pressure (血压). Then, the students played with the dogs for 15 minutes. They could pet the dogs, give them food or just run around with them in the playground. The results were amazing. After the students played with the dogs, the doctors found that the students felt less stressed. And the dogs’ stress levels stayed low even a week after the research. So, if you’re feeling stressed, perhaps you should play with a dog. It is a good way to help you feel better! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By offering some studies. B．By explaining a feeling. C．By raising a question. D．By sharing his experiences. 2．Why did researchers choose college students for the research? A．Because they all owned dogs at home. B．Because most of them were under stress. C．Because they had more free time than others. D．Because they were all good at taking care of animals. 3．What was special about the dogs in the research? A．They were calm and human-friendly. B．All of them were under three years old. C．They were trained for medical purposes. D．Their owners stayed with them during the research. 4．What is the main finding of the research? A．Dogs’ stress levels rose after the research. B．Dogs enjoy playing with students more than with adults. C．College students are under more stress than middle school students. D．Playing with dogs for a short time can help students feel less stressed. 7. 任务型阅读理解 Beavers: Nature’s Engineers​ Beavers are amazing animals that live near rivers and lakes. They have strong teeth to cut down trees and flat tails to swim. But their most special skill is building dams—walls made of wood, stones, and mud. These dams create ponds, which become homes for many other animals like fish, birds, and frogs.​ Beavers work hard to keep their dams strong. They add more wood or mud when needed, like engineers fixing a bridge. The ponds they build also help plants grow. When rain comes, the dams slow down the water, preventing floods. In dry seasons, the stored water keeps the land green.​ Sadly, beavers are losing their homes because people cut down forests and build cities. This makes it hard for them to find trees to build dams. Without beavers, many ponds dry up, and other animals lose their homes too.​ It’s important for us to protect beavers. We can leave some trees near rivers for them to use. By doing this, we help keep the ecosystem balanced—just like the beavers do.​ 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。​ 1．What do beavers use to build dams? ​ 2．How do the ponds created by beavers help during dry seasons?​ ​ 3．Why is it hard for beavers to build dams now? ​ 4．What can we do to protect beavers?​ ​ 5．Besides beavers, what other animal do you think plays an important role in nature? Why? ​ 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $