Unit 4 Section B （同步练习）（含答案解析）英语人教版2024八年级上册

英语人教版2024八年级上·同步训练 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals Section B 同步训练 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________ 一、用所给词的适当形式或者音标、搭配提示填空。 1．Having a clear goal when you study is of great (important). 2．As a (live) child, he enjoys running around the park and exploring new things. 3．The government has taken some (action) to solve the traffic problem. 4．The students were (disappoint) because they didn’t win the game. 5．There is a strong (connect) between hard work and success. 6．We should (protect) the animals because they are our friends. 7．Poor (communicate) makes it hard to find a job. 8．They will (creation)a poster about rainforests. 9．This (amaze)plant can live without water for months. 10．She finds (happy) in her daily life and she leads a happy life. 11．How are plants and animals connected us?（介词） 12．“The truth of the matter is not as simple as you /ɪ'mædʒɪn/, ” he said to me. 二、单项选择。 13．It’s ________ to understand the ________ of health. A．important; important B．important; importance C．importance; important D．importance; importance 14．—Why did you get up so early this morning?—________ catch the first bus to the airport. A．In order to B．In order that C．So that D．Because of 15．Thanks to the government’s efforts, many roads are connected ________ the village now. A．of B．at C．with D．for 16．Mr. Lee is an animal lover. He does everything he can ________ animals. A．hunt B．to hunt C．to protect D．protecting 17．There is no doubt that phones play an important ________ in the modern life. A．chance B．problem C．role D．doubt 18．I don’t want to ______ my parents. I will study harder to make them proud. A．disappoint B．disappointing C．disappointed D．disappointment 19．The Earth is often called the ocean planet. Its surface is 70 ________ water. A．kilos B．forms C．kinds D．percent 20．The school party was very _______. Everyone was dancing, singing, and having a great time. A．alive B．live C．lively D．lived 21．The science class is so interesting that it _______ for two hours, but it feels like just a few minutes. A．waits B．keeps C．lasts D．spends 22．________ the wheel, we would not have cars, railways and so on. A．With B．Without C．On D．By 23．The earth is often called the ________ planet. Its surface is 70 percent water. A．land B．plant C．animal D．ocean 24．After the reopening, the Notre-Dame de Paris (巴黎圣母院) will attract _________ visitors. It is expected that _________ visitors it will receive each year will be between 14 million and 15 million. A．a number of; a number of B．the number of; a number of C．a number of; the number of D．the number of; the number of 三、完成句子 25．Bees can fly far away to get honey. (改为同义句) Bees can fly far away get honey. 26．Nothing is more important than health. (改为同义句) Health is of all. 27．Many animals are helpful to us, like bees and frogs. (改为同义句) Many animals are helpful to us, bees and frogs. 28．This classroom is the biggest in our school. (改为同义句) This classroom is than classroom in our school. 29．Actually, I don’t know his real name. (改为同义句) , I don’t know his real name. 30．这张照片展示了森林令人惊叹的美景。 This photo shows the of the forest. 31．我们无法在没有植物的地球上生存。 We on Earth plants. 32．父母在孩子的教育中起着重要作用。 Parents their children’s education. 33．长时间玩电脑游戏对视力不好。出于这个原因，我父母限制我的屏幕使用时间。 Playing computer games for a long time is bad for eyesight. , my parents limit my screen time. 34．中国人喜欢银杏树，因为它是希望和长寿的象征。 Chinese people love the ginkgo, as . 35．人类生存与健康的环境紧密相连。 Human survival a healthy environment. 36．蓝鲸生活在所有的海洋里，除了北冰洋。 Blue whales live in the Arctic Ocean. 37．竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的题材之一。 Bamboo is in Chinese paintings. 38．The tickets of Town Cinema are cheaper than those of the other cinemas in our town. (改为同义句) The tickets of Town Cinema are in our town. 39．The monkey jumps higher than the lion. The tree frog jumps higher than the monkey. (用最高级改写句子) The tree frog jumps of the three. 四、完形填空 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个能填入相应空格内的最佳答案，并把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 “Meatballs again? I hate meatballs!” Henry cried loudly. “I’m not eating this!” Henry’s Mum and Dad looked at 40 . This was the second time this week that Henry had disliked the dinner. “We’re going to let you cook dinner by yourself. You can choose the food and cook your meals,” Mum said. “Great! We’re going to eat good food every night!” Henry answered 41 . The next day, Henry sat down to write the 42 for the meal. “We’re going to have chicken and cabbage tonight, and noodles tomorrow.” Henry said. After he finished shopping, it was time to make his 43 meal. He believed that this would be his favourite meal. “There’s a lot to do,” Henry thought, as he 44 the mess in the kitchen. He usually played games outside when his parents made dinner. It took him almost two hours to cook. When dinner was finally finished, Henry was tired and hungry. 45 he was so happy—he could make dinner! “I don’t like 46 ,” cried Sophia at the table. Henry felt quite unhappy. He had worked so hard, but it was too 47 to get everyone happy about every part of every meal! “I’m sorry. I didn’t know this could be so hard,” Henry felt like crying. He began to 48 how his parents felt every time at the dinner table. “It’s OK, Henry. You worked really hard. 49 can make meals together in the future,” said Dad. Henry felt much better. He happily finished his dinner and never got angry at the dinner table again. 40．A．others B．each other C．the others D．the other 41．A．sadly B．excitedly C．angrily D．quietly 42．A．reason B．time C．plan D．budget 43．A．first B．second C．third D．last 44．A．packed up B．hung up C．hunted for D．looked at 45．A．And B．But C．Although D．Because 46．A．fish B．cabbage C．noodles D．meatballs 47．A．early B．late C．difficult D．easy 48．A．realize B．forget C．believe D．describe 49．A．You B．We C．He D．I 五、阅读理解 A (Grace lives in a forest near Manchester.) Scene One As Grace walks in the forest, she sees Benji barking and jumping around a boy. The boy’s about her age, holding some wood in his arms and looks worried. “Benji, stop!” Grace yells. She is about to apologize to the boy, but he’s gone, disappears between the trees. Scene Two When Grace arrives home, Mum says to her, “Look, Grace. The poor man’s son, Mark, has run away from home.” Grace looks at the TV and there is a man in tears, holding a photo of his missing boy. He clearly hasn’t slept for days and is worried out of mind. Grace recognizes it’s the boy from the forest. He’s Mark. “Should I tell Mum? No, I can’t say anything. What if he’s run away for a good reason? I have to talk to him first.” Grace thought to herself. Scene Three Grace finds Mark in the forest. “Your dad was on TV last night. Half the police in the country are looking for you. What has happened?” Mark looked at the ground and then up at Grace. “After my mum died, my dad was sad for a long time, but then he met someone new at work. Mel’s her name.” “Oh, don’t you like her?” Grace asked. “No, not really. She is not a bad person, but we don’t connect. That night I ran away, my father said we would move to London and live with Mel. But my school and my friends are in Manchester. My granddad is there too. If I leave, I’ll lose all my friends and…and all the memories with my mum here.” Grace feels sorry for Mark, but she thinks of his dad crying on TV and feels sorry for him too. Scene Four “Mark, I’ve got an idea. Why don’t you live with your granddad in Manchester? You can visit your dad and Mel in the holidays.” Mark falls silent. Then his face lights up as he asks, “Can I use your phone?” 50．Who sees Mark first in the forest? A．Grace. B．Benji. C．Grace’s mother. D．Mark’s father. 51．According to Scene Three, which word best describes Grace? A．Polite. B．Excited. C．Angry. D．Kind. 52． Each picture above matches one scene. Which scene is missing? A．Scene One. B．Scene Two. C．Scene Three. D．Scene Four. 53．What can we infer from the text? A．Mark doesn’t really like Mel. B．Grace knows Mark in the beginning. C．Mark will take Grace’s advice and talk with his father. D．Mark’s granddad doesn’t want Mark to leave Manchester. B ①Scientists at the MIT (麻省理工学院) have made an amazing discovery—they turned spider webs into music! They created a special soundtrack. This could help researchers better understand how spiders make their complex webs and even how spiders communicate with each other. ②The MIT team worked with artist Tomas Saraceno. Together, they used 2D laser scans (激光扫描) to study a spider web. Then, these scans were put together and turned into a mathematical model. This model could recreate the web in 3D in a VR (virtual reality 虚拟现实) world. ③Also, the team worked with MIT’s music department to create a virtual instrument. This instrument was really important for turning the web’s structure into music that we can hear. Different parts of the web’s structure became different sounds. ④“Even though a spider web looks like a mess at first, there are actually many inner structures that you can try to visualize. However, it’s super hard for our brains to fully understand all these structural details,” said professor Markus Buehler. ⑤However, when you listen to the music while moving through the VR spider web, you can see and hear these structural changes. This helps you better understand how spiders see the world. “________” he told CNN. ⑥The discovery holds great importance in many areas. For biologists, it helps them fully understand why spiders build webs that way and how spiders use vibrations (振动) to find where they are and to talk with other spiders. ⑦For scientists, they can better understand how spiders can build their webs without any shelves or supports. And then it could help develop advanced new 3D printing techniques. Also, the team were surprised at the sounds a spider makes when building a web. “It’s unusual, strange, and even a little scary at first, but in the end, it’s beautiful,” Markus Buehler described. 54．How did the MIT team create music from spider webs? A．By directly recording the sounds of spiders building webs. B．By taking pictures of the messy but structural patterns of spider webs. C．By studying the vibrations spiders use to find their way and communicate. D．By using 2D laser scans to make a 3D VR model and a virtual instrument. 55．Which of the following sentences can be filled in with the underlined word “visualize”? A．It is difficult to ______ what the future world will look like. B．She decided to ______ a new car after getting a good job. C．Some volunteers are planning to ______ an art festival next month. D．The teacher asked students to ______ the meaning of the poem. 56．Which sentence can be put in the ______? A．This is a really creative way to listen to the music. B．This is a completely new way to study the spider webs. C．This is a hugely important way to learn about spider music. D．This is an actually strange way to enjoy the beauty of webs. 57．Which of the following shows the structure of this passage? A． B． C． D． 六、读写综合 阅读文章，用恰当的短语和句子补全概要，补全部分总词数不超过30词，不能照抄原文连续超过3个词。 Dear Son, I’ve rewritten this letter many times, worrying that too many words will weigh on you. But I have to tell you: this September, when you step into senior high, you’ll meet some problems in teenage years. So I decided to write this letter and hope it will help you out. Remember our neighbor’s boy? He dated a girl when he was 16. They ate together and hung out together, paying less attention to studies. As a result, his grades dropped from the top ten to the bottom. Teens’ Psych Lab surveyed 500 puppy love (早恋) teenagers and found that 99% of the puppy love is a feeling to avoid loneliness, not true love. So, if you have a crush (迷恋) on someone, don’t hurry to hold hands. Fold that “love” into a paper airplane, put it in the drawer, and unfold it when you have the ability to show her the world. Besides puppy love, the phone can be a big worry. When you use your phone to look up information, make PPTs, or make travel plans, it is a useful tool. When you can’t stop looking through short videos or stay up all night playing games, it is a trap (陷阱). Watching a 15-second short video can show your likes and the data (大数据) keeps feeding you what you like to watch, making you get lost in it. So don’t let your phone steal the time that shapes your future. Talking about your future, I think of another teenage boy Cheng Cheng. He was bad at exams but he kept his dream of making remote-control planes. With his dream, he won a national prize in making planes, and later, was accepted by an aviation (航空) university with a bright future. Many people say, “Stop dreaming and be realistic (现实的).” But I want to tell you dreams are the light when you walk in the dark. They may not lead to your success, but they can save you when you are hopeless in life. My son, no matter what problems you meet in your teenage years, I believe that if you understand what I write, you’ll get through the problems with light in your heart and direction under your feet. Lots of love, Mom This is a letter from a mother to her son. She writes this letter to give her son some advice so that 58 . First, the mother gives an example to tell the son that 59 but a feeling to avoid loneliness. Then, she reminds that the phone can be 60 so he should make a wise choice between the two. Third, she shows that dreams are important. Although 61 , they can help him out if he walks in the dark of life. 参考答案与解析 一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1．importance 【详解】句意：学习时有明确的目标非常重要。根据空前的“of great…”可知，此处需用名词，所给词“important”是形容词，意为“重要的”，其对应的名词形式是“importance”，意为“重要性”，为不可数名词，故填importance。 2．lively 【详解】句意：作为一个活泼的孩子，他喜欢在公园里跑来跑去，探索新事物。根据“As a...child”可知，横线处需填形容词，live“居住”，动词，其形容词形式有lively“活泼的”和living“活着的”，根据句意可知，此处表达“活泼的”，故填lively。 3．actions 【详解】句意：政府已经采取了一些行动来解决交通问题。action作“行动；措施”时，是可数名词，some后接可数名词要用复数形式。故填actions。 4．disappointed 【详解】句意：学生们很失望，因为他们没有赢得比赛。disappoint“使失望”，是动词，此处需要形容词作表语，描述学生的感受，其形容词形式是disappointed“感到失望的”。故填disappointed。 5．connection 【详解】句意：努力工作和成功之间有很强的联系。connect“连接；联系”，是动词，此处需要名词作主语，其名词形式是connection“联系；关联”，且根据“a”可知，用单数形式。故填connection。 6．protect 【详解】句意：我们应该保护动物，因为它们是我们的朋友。根据句子结构，情态动词should后应接动词原形，构成“should do sth.”的结构，表示“应该做某事”。protect是动词原形，意为“保护”，符合语境。故填protect。 7．communication 【详解】句意：沟通能力差使得找工作变得困难。空处为句子的主语，应用所给词的名词形式，communication“交流，沟通”，不可数名词。故填communication。 8．create 【详解】句意：他们将制作一张关于热带雨林的海报。根据“a poster about rainforests”可知，是制作一张海报，此处填名词creation“创造，创作”的动词形式create“创造”作谓语，will后用动词原形。故填create。 9．amazing 【详解】句意：这种神奇的植物可以在没有水的情况下存活数月。根据分析句子，结合所给词可知，amaze“使惊奇”，动词，此处应该填入其形容词形式amazing，作定语，修饰名词plant，意为“神奇的”，指的是神奇的植物。故填amazing。 10．happiness 【详解】句意：她在日常生活中找到了幸福并且她过着幸福的生活。空格处在动词后作宾语，所以用名词形式。happy的名词形式为happiness，为不可数名词，故填happiness。 11．with 【详解】句意：植物和动物是怎样与我们关联的？根据“connected”可知，此处考查短语be connected with“与……有关联”，所以横线处应填介词with。故填with。 12．imagine 【详解】句意：“事情的真相并不像你想象的那么简单，”他对我说。根据音标/ɪ'mædʒɪn/以及句子语境可知，此处需要表示“想象”的动词，imagine的发音为/ɪ'mædʒɪn/，且在“as...as”结构中，后接从句，you后需用动词原形，符合语境。故填imagine。 二、单项选择 13．B 【详解】句意：理解健康的重要性是很重要的。 考查形容词和名词的用法。important重要的，形容词，在句中作表语；importance重要性，名词，在句中作understand的宾语，the importance of...是固定搭配，表示“……的重要性”。根据“It’s”可知，第一空需填形容词important；根据“the...of health”可知，第二空需填名词importance。故选B。 14．A 【详解】句意：——你今天早上为什么起这么早？——为了赶上去机场的第一班公交车。 考查短语辨析。In order to为了，后接动词原形；In order that为了，后接从句；So that为了，以便，后接从句；Because of因为，后接名词或名词短语。根据“catch the first bus to the airport”可知，此处是表示目的，且catch是动词原形，所以应该用In order to。故选A。 15．C 【详解】句意：由于政府的努力，许多道路现在和这个村庄连接起来了。 考查动词短语和介词辨析。of属于……的；at在；with和；for对于，为了。根据“many roads are connected…the village”可知，此处考查：be connected with，动词短语，意为“与……连接起来”，表达许多道路现在和这个村庄连接起来了。故选C。 16．C 【详解】句意：李先生是一位动物爱好者。他尽其所能来保护动物。 考查动词不定式的用法。hunt打猎，猎杀； protect保护。根据“Mr. Lee is an animal lover.”可知，李先生是一位动物爱好者，所以他应该是尽其所能来保护动物，而不是猎杀动物，故排除A、B选项；又因为“does everything he can”后应接不定式作目的状语，表示“尽其所能去做某事”，故排除D选项。故选C。 17．C 【详解】句意：毫无疑问，手机在现代生活中扮演着重要角色。 考查名词辨析。chance机会；problem问题；role角色；doubt怀疑。根据“There is no doubt that phones play an important...in the modern life.”可知，手机在现代生活中扮演着重要角色，这是毋庸置疑的。故选C。 18．A 【详解】句意：我不想让我的父母失望。我会更努力学习，让他们感到骄傲。 考查非谓语动词。disappoint使失望，动词；disappointing令人失望的，形容词，或者作动词disappoint的现在分词/动名词；disappointed感到失望的，形容词，或者作动词disappoint的过去式/过去分词；disappointment失望，名词。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词原形“disappoint”。故选A。 19．D 【详解】句意：地球常被称为海洋星球，其表面百分之七十是水。 考查名词辨析。kilos公斤；forms表格；kinds种类；percent百分比。根据“The earth is often called the ocean planet.”可推知，此处应表示地球表面百分之七十是水。故选D。 20．C 【详解】句意：学校聚会非常热闹。每个人都在跳舞、唱歌，玩得很开心。 考查形容词辨析。alive活着的；live现场的；lively热闹的；lived有生命的。根据“Everyone was dancing, singing”可知，因为每个人都在跳舞唱歌，所以聚会很热闹。故选C。 21．C 【详解】句意：这节科学课如此有趣以至于持续了两个小时，但感觉就像只有几分钟。 考查动词辨析。waits等待；keeps保持；lasts持续；spends花费。根据“The science class is so interesting that it...for two hours”可知，科学课持续了两个小时，故选C。 22．B 【详解】句意：没有车轮，我们就不会有汽车、铁路，等等。 考查介词辨析。With具有；Without没有；On在……上面；By通过。根据“…the wheel, we would not have cars, railways and so on.”可知，此处指没有车轮，我们就不会有汽车、铁路，等等。故选B。 23．D 【详解】句意：地球常被称为“海洋星球”。它的表面有70%被水覆盖。 考查名词辨析。land陆地；plant植物；animal动物；ocean海洋。根据下文“Its surface is 70 percent water.”可知，地球表面70%是水，因此这里是指地球被称为“海洋星球”。故选D。 24．C 【详解】句意：巴黎圣母院重新开放后，会吸引大量的游客。预计每年接待游客的数量将在1400万到1500万之间。 考查number短语的用法。a number of许多的，大量的；the number of……的数量。第一空根据句意及空后的名词“visitors”可知，此处要用形容词修饰名词，因此用a number of。第二空表示“游客的数量”，用the number of。故选C。 三、完成句子 25． in order to 【详解】句意：蜜蜂可以飞很远去采蜜。原句中的“to get honey”表示目的，可以用“in order to”来替换，两者都表示“为了”。故填in；order；to。 26． the most important 【详解】句意：没有什么比健康更重要。也就是“健康是所有事物中最重要的”。important的最高级形式是the most important，用于表示在所有事物中重要程度最高。故填the；most；important。 27． such as 【详解】句意：许多动物对我们有帮助，像蜜蜂和青蛙。like“像、如同”表示举例，可以用such as“例如”替换。故填such；as。 28． bigger any other 【详解】句意：这个教室是我们学校最大的。转为同义句，可表达为“这个教室比我们学校任何其他的教室都大。”“比较级 + than any other + 可数名词单数”表示“比其他任何……都……”，可用来表达最高级的含义，big的比较级是bigger。故填bigger；any；other。 29． In fact 【详解】句意：实际上，我不知道他的真实姓名。原句中“Actually”表示“实际上”，用于引出与前文可能有些出乎意料或需要强调的事实。在同义句中，我们可以用“In fact”来替换“Actually”，它们的意思相同，都用来表示“实际上”或“事实上”。其他部分保持不变。故填In fact。 30． amazing beauty 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空缺部分是“令人惊叹的美景”，“令人惊叹的美景”的英文表达为amazing beauty，其中amazing，形容词，在句中作定语，修饰名词beauty，beauty在句中作宾语。故填amazing；beauty。 31． can’t live without 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，空处缺少“无法生存和”“没有”，“不能生存”英文为can’t live，结合题意，本句为一般现在时，应用can，介词without表示“没有”。故填can’t；live；without。 32． play an important role in 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“在……中起着重要作用”。“play an important role in”是固定短语，意为“在……中起着重要作用”，句子主语“Parents”是复数，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形play。故填play；an；important；role；in。 33． For this reason 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“出于这个原因”。“出于这个原因”的英文表达是“for this reason”，for放句首首字母大写。故填For；this；reason。 34．it is a symbol of hope and long life 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“它是希望和长寿的象征”。此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“it”表示单数，所以用be动词用is；a symbol of“……的象征”；hope and long life“希望和长寿”。故填it is a symbol of hope and long life。 35． is connected with 【详解】be connected with“与……紧密相连”，表示客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为Human survival，be动词用is。故填is；connected；with。 36． all oceans except 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，缺少“所有的海洋里，除了”，all oceans“所有的海洋”，except“除了”，符合语境。故填all；oceans；except。 37．one of the most popular subjects 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“最受欢迎的题材之一”。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词的复数形式”意为“最……的……之一”；形容词popular意为“受欢迎的”，其最高级形式是most popular；名词subject意为“题材”，此处应用subject的复数形式subjects。故填one of the most popular subjects。 38． the cheapest 【详解】句意：城镇电影院的票比我们镇上其他电影院的票更便宜。改为同义句，根据“in our town”可知，属于三者及以上的范围，需用形容词最高级。cheap的最高级为cheapest，最高级前加the。故填the；cheapest。 39． the highest 【详解】句意：猴子跳得比狮子高。树蛙跳得比猴子高。根据“The monkey jumps higher than the lion. The tree frog jumps higher than the monkey.”可知，那只树蛙在三者中跳得最高，应用最高级。high的最高级形式为highest，前面加定冠词the。故填the；highest。 四、完形填空 40．B 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．B 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．B 【导语】本文讲述了亨利因讨厌父母做的肉丸而拒绝吃饭，父母让他自己做饭，亨利在亲身经历做饭的辛苦并遭遇妹妹不喜欢自己做的菜后，终于理解父母的不易，从此不再对晚餐发脾气的故事。 40．句意：亨利的爸爸妈妈互相看了看。 others其他人或物，泛指；each other互相，用于两者之间；the others其余的人或物，特指；the other两者中的另一个。根据“Henry’s Mum and Dad looked at…”可知，此处指爸爸妈妈两个人之间互相看，应用each other。故选B。 41．句意：“太棒了！我们每晚都能吃到好吃的了！” 亨利兴奋地回答。 sadly悲伤地；excitedly兴奋地；angrily生气地；quietly安静地。根据前文亨利对父母让他自己做饭的回应“Great!”可知，他的心情是兴奋的，应用excitedly。故选B。 42．句意：第二天，亨利坐下来写吃饭的计划。 reason原因；time时间；plan计划；budget预算。根据后文亨利说的“We’re going to have chicken and cabbage tonight, and noodles tomorrow.”可知，这是他对晚餐的安排，即吃饭的计划，应用plan。故选C。 43．句意：买完东西后，就到了做他第一顿饭的时候了。 first第一；second第二；third第三；last最后的。根据前文可知，这是父母第一次让亨利自己做饭，所以这是他做的第一顿饭，应用first。故选A。 44．句意：“有好多事情要做，” 亨利看着厨房里的狼藉心想。 packed up收拾；hung up挂断电话；hunted for寻找；looked at看。根据“the mess in the kitchen”可知，此处指亨利看到厨房里的混乱景象，应用looked at。故选D。 45．句意：但他非常开心 —— 他会做饭了！ And和，表并列或顺承；But但是，表转折；Although虽然，表让步；Because因为，表原因。根据前文提到“Henry was tired and hungry”，后文说“he was so happy”，前后句存在转折关系，应用But。故选B。 46．句意：“我不喜欢卷心菜，” 索菲亚在餐桌上喊道。 fish鱼；cabbage卷心菜；noodles面条；meatballs肉丸。根据前文亨利计划的晚餐“We’re going to have chicken and cabbage tonight”可知，他做的晚餐里有卷心菜，所以索菲亚不喜欢的应是卷心菜，应用cabbage。故选B。 47．句意：他已经很努力了，但要让每个人对每顿饭的每一部分都满意太难了！ early早的；late晚的；difficult困难的；easy容易的。根据前文亨利努力做饭却仍有人不喜欢，以及后文他说“I didn’t know this could be so hard”可知，让所有人都满意是困难的，应用difficult。故选C。 48．句意：他开始意识到每次在餐桌上父母的感受。 realize意识到；forget忘记；believe相信；describe描述。根据“He began to…how his parents felt every time at the dinner table.”可知，亨利亲身经历做饭的不易后，应该是开始明白父母之前的感受，应用realize。故选A。 49．句意：以后我们可以一起做饭。 You你/你们；We我们；He他；I我。根据后文“Henry felt much better. He happily finished his dinner”可知，爸爸是提议一家人一起做饭，应用We。故选B。 五、阅读理解 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Grace在森林中遇到了离家出走的Mark，通过交流了解了Mark的困境，并给出了建议的故事。 50．细节理解题。根据Scene One中的“As Grace walks in the forest, she sees Benji barking and jumping around a boy.”可知，是Benji先看到了Mark，在男孩周围叫和跳。故选B。 51．推理判断题。根据Scene Three中Grace与Mark的对话，Grace耐心倾听Mark的烦恼，并给出了建议，表现出她的善良。故选D。 52．推理判断题。根据四幅图的图意，第一幅图：一个女孩在看电视；第二幅图：两个孩子和一只狗在玩耍；第三幅图：两个孩子坐在地上。再结合文章内容可知，第一幅图对应Scene Two中Grace在家看电视，看到Mark爸爸拿着Mark照片哭泣的情节；第二幅图对应Scene One中Grace带着Benji在森林里，Benji围着Mark叫和跳的情节；第三幅图对应Scene Four中Grace给Mark出主意，Mark陷入沉默然后问能否用Grace电话的情节；因此，第四幅图缺少Scene Three的内容。故选C。 53．推理判断题。根据Scene Four中Grace的建议和Mark的反应，“Mark falls silent. Then his face lights up as he asks, ‘Can I use your phone?’”可以推断Mark接受了Grace的建议，打算打电话给父亲，进行沟通。故选C。 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了麻省理工学院（MIT）的科学家与艺术家合作，通过激光扫描和虚拟现实技术将蜘蛛网的结构转化为音乐的研究成果。 54．细节理解题。根据第②段中“Together, they used 2D laser scans (激光扫描) to study a spider web. Then, these scans were put together and turned into a mathematical model. This model could recreate the web in 3D in a VR (virtual reality 虚拟现实) world.”可知，研究团队使用2D激光扫描建立数学模型，通过VR技术构建3D模型；根据第③段中“Also, the team worked with MIT’s music department to create a virtual instrument. This instrument was really important for turning the web’s structure into music that we can hear.”可知，研究团队开发虚拟乐器将结构转化为音乐。故选D。 55．词句猜测题。根据第④段中“Even though a spider web looks like a mess at first, there are actually many inner structures that you can try to visualize.”可知，尽管蜘蛛网一开始看起来很乱，但实际上你可以试着想象出许多内部结构。visualize意思是“想象”，将其带入A选项，句意为“很难想象未来的世界会是什么样子”，符合语境。故选A。 56．推理判断题。根据第⑤段中“However, when you listen to the music while moving through the VR spider web, you can see and hear these structural changes. This helps you better understand how spiders see the world.”可知，当你在VR蜘蛛网中移动时听音乐，你可以看到和听到这些结构变化，这有助于你更好地理解蜘蛛是如何看待世界的。所以该段介绍了通过VR技术结合听觉来理解蜘蛛网结构变化的新研究方法，B选项“这是一种研究蜘蛛网的全新方法”符合语境。故选B。 57．篇章结构题。根据文章可知：①提出发现：MIT将蜘蛛网转化为音乐的发现；②③介绍方法：研究团队通过激光扫描、3D建模并与音乐部门合作，开发出能将蜘蛛网结构转化为声音的虚拟乐器；④⑤阐释原理与体验：将VR视觉与音乐听觉结合的方式，能帮助人们直观地理解蜘蛛网复杂的结构及其构建的世界；⑥⑦展望应用：该发现不仅对生物学和3D打印等技术领域具有重要应用价值，其本身也创造出一种奇特而美妙的声音体验。故选C。 六、读写综合 【答案】58．he can get through teenage problems 59．puppy love is not true love 60．a useful tool or a trap 61．dreams might fail to bring success 【导语】本文是一位母亲写给儿子的信，为儿子提供关于青春期（早恋、手机使用、梦想等）问题的建议，帮助他顺利度过青少年时期。 58．根据“So I decide to write this letter and hope it will help you out.”以及“you’ll get through the problems with light in your heart and direction under your feet”可知，母亲写这封信是为了让儿子能解决青少年时期的问题。故填he can get through teenage problems。 59．根据“Teens’ Psych Lab surveyed 500 puppy love teenagers and found that 99% of the puppy love is a feeling to avoid loneliness, not true love.”可知，早恋不是真爱，而是一种逃避孤独的感觉。故填puppy love is not true love。 60．根据“When you use your phone to look up information...it is a useful tool. When you can’t stop looking through short videos...it is a trap”可知，手机可能是有用的工具，也可能是陷阱，所以要明智选择。故填a useful tool or a trap。 61．根据“They may not lead to your success, but they can save you when you are hopeless in life.”可知，虽然梦想可能不会带来成功，但在人生黑暗时能帮助他。故填dreams might fail to bring success。 2 / 12 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $