高中英语基础语法汇编 chapter 11 名词性从句 讲义-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习讲义围绕名词性从句专题，将定义、连接词分类（连词、连接代词、连接副词）及主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句四大类型按语法功能逻辑展开，通过考点梳理（如连接词用法区分）、方法指导（如that省略规则、时态一致技巧）、真题训练（如形式主语it的应用实例）三个教学环节，帮助学生构建名词性从句的知识体系和解题框架。 讲义采用对比教学法和情境化例句设计，如在宾语从句教学中，通过对比介词后用whether不用if、whether可接or not等情境例句，引导学生分析用法差异，提升语言能力和思维品质。设置连接词辨析、从句类型判断、真题句式转换三个层次练习，配合即时纠错和规律总结，确保学生精准掌握考点，为教师高效把控复习节奏、提升课堂复习效率提供清晰指导。

高中英语基础语法汇编 chapter 11 名词性从句 第一节 名词性从句的定义与连接词 一、名词性从句的定义 名词性从句(Noun Clause), 是指在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的语法功能相当于名词词组, 在复合句中可担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。因此, 根据名词性从句在句中的不同语法功能, 可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 二、名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为以下三类： (1)连词(5个)：that, whether, if, as if, as though。这五个连词在从句中均不充当任何成分。that本身无意义, 引导单一的宾语从句时that常可省略, 但引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时that通常不能省略；whether, if意为“是否”, 表示从句内容的不确定性；as if, as though 表示“好像”“似乎”。 (2)连接代词(10个)：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, whosever, which, whichever. (3)连接副词(7个)：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why. 第二节 名词性从句的分类及用法 一、主语从句(Subject Clause) 1.主语从句的定义 主语从句是指在复合句中充当主语成分的句子。 2.主语从句的引导词 主语从句通常由下列连接词引导。 (1)连词that、whether等。例如： That she has just graduated from college is true.(that位于句首不能省略) It occurred to me that I would travel Europe. Whether she comes or not makes no difference. That China ranks first in the world in population is well known.(为避免头重脚轻, 通常用形式主语it：It is well known that China ranks first in the world in population.) (2)连接代词what, who, which, whatever, whoever, whom等。例如： What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. Whoever pollutes the environment should be punished. (3)连接副词how, when, where, why等。例如： How much we can spend must be agreed on. When and where the meeting will be held is not yet decided. 3.主语从句的用法及注意问题 (1)主语从句通常被认为是单数形式, 因此主句的谓语动词用单数形式。例如： Which country you are going to does matter. That the famous actress is coming to our hometown is the best news to us. Whether the conductor would support his son was a problem. (2)What引导的主语从句, 其主谓一致问题较为复杂。这是因为谓语动词受其主语的数的影响, 可以使用单数或复数的形式。当从句为带有复数意义的并列结构时, 主句的谓语动词用复数形式。例如： What I read and write are quite different.(What I read and what I write are...) 当主句的表语是复数名词时, 主句的谓语动词通常用复数形式。例如： What we bought were children's books.(这种情况下, 美式英语也可用单数谓语动词。) 二、宾语从句(Object Clause) 1.宾语从句的定义 宾语从句是指在主、从复合句中充当宾语, 位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的句子。宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。 2.引导词 宾语从句的连词主要有that, if, whether；连接代词主要有who, whom, whose, what, whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever等；连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等。 3.宾语从句的用法及注意问题 (1)that引导宾语从句时并无词义, 不充当句子成分, 多数情况下可以省略。例如： I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. He assured me that he was able to do it. 注意：当句子中有it作形式宾语时, that引导的宾语从句中的that不能省略。例如： They thought it strange that we did not arrive at Guilin yesterday. (2)动词find, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语时, 需要用it做形式宾语而将that引导的宾语从句后置。例如： We all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this mater. 但是, 如果是由wh-引导的宾语从句, 则宾语不可用it代替。例如： We all consider what your friend said to be unbelievable. (3)if, whether在宾语从句中的区别。 if和whether都表示“是否”时, 两者可以互换。例如： I doubt whether, if he is telling the truth. 介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether, 不能用if。例如： It all depends on whether we can get their cooperation. whether后面可以接or not, if不可以。例如： I want to know whether it's good or not. (4)宾语从句的时态。当主句是一般过去时时, 从句必须用过去时态的某种形式。例如： The boy was sorry that he hadn't finished his homework on time. 三、表语从句(Predicative Clause) 1.表语从句定义 表语从句是一种由句子充当系动词的表语的结构。表语从句只能置于主句之后, 且主句的动词只能是系动词。 2.表语从句引导词 连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why, whether, how, whoever, whichever, whatever, because, as if, as though等。例如： The reason why he was late is that his car broke down. What is troubling me is how we can get there on time. She seems as if she had done a great thing. 3.表语从句的用法及注意问题 (1)表语从句要用陈述句语序。例如： My question is when he can take up the job. (2)if不能引导表语从句, 只能用whether 来引导。例如： The question is whether John has finished his drawing yet. (3)that在表语从句中不可以被省略。例如： The fact is that more than seventy percent of the earth's surface is covered by water. The reason why he was dismissed was that he was irresponsible. 四、同位语从句(Appositive Clause) 1.同位语从句的定义 一个名词(或其他形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰、限定或说明时, 这个名词(或其他形式)就是同位语。因此, 同位语从句是指在复合句中充当同位语的句子。 通常同位语从句跟在一些“抽象”名词, 如news, idea, fact, promise, hope, message等之后, 用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。 2.同位语从句的引导词 同位语从句通常由下列连接词引导。 (1)连词that, whether等。例如： The news that the team won the game is quite exciting. The question whether the Prime Minister should resign must be decided soon. 注意：if不能引导同位语从句。 (2)连接代词what, who, whom, whose等。例如： I have no idea what size shoes she wears. The question who should do the job requires consideration. (3)连接副词when, where, how, why等。例如： We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $