Unit 9 Communication（单元核心语法精练）英语冀教版九年级全册

Unit 9 Communication 核心语法精练（状语从句,定语从句与宾语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 1 一、单项选择 7 二、完成句子 7 三、按要求完成句子。 8 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 10 题型一 完形填空 11 题型二 短文填空 11 题型三 阅读表达 12 状语从句 状语从句的考查点主要集中在引导状语从句的连词和状语从句的时态等方面。状语从句分为地点状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句和方式状语从句。现归纳如下: 类型 连词 例句 地点状语 从句 where, wherever Cross the stream where it is the shallowest. 从最浅的地方过河。 We’ll go wherever you say. 你说的任何地方我们都去。 时间状语 从句 when, while, after, before, since, till, until, as, as soon as, whenever, ever since I’ll phone you as soon as I arrive in Shanghai. 我一到上海就给你打电话。 I waited till/until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。 I’ll tell him when he comes. 当他来的时候,我将告诉他。 Whenever we’re in trouble, they’ll help us. 无论何时我们有麻烦,他们都会帮助我们。 原因状语 从句 as, because, since, now that Susan didn’t come to school yesterday because she was ill.  苏珊昨天没来上学,因为她病了。 Since her brother was busy, he didn’t come. 她哥哥因为忙没有来。 Now that you have finished your homework, you can play basketball. 既然你已经完成了家庭作业,你可以打篮球。 条件状语 从句 if, unless,as long as You won’t pass the exam unless you work harder.  如果不更加努力学习,你将通不过考试。 I don’t mind as long as it doesn’t rain. 只要不下雨就行了。 比较状语 从句 than, as…as…, not so/as…as… This book is more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本书有趣。 Maths is as important as physics. 数学和物理同样重要。 目的状语 从句 in case, so that, in order that She stood up so that she might see more clearly. 她站起来以便能看得更清楚。 Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 随身带一顶帽子,以防太晒。 结果状语 从句 so…that…,  such…that… He was so angry that he couldn’t speak.  他是如此生气,以至于说不出话来。 She is such a lovely girl that everyone loves her.  她是一个如此可爱的女孩,大家都喜欢她。 让步状语 从句 although, though, even though/if, no matter,  whatever, whoever Though it was late, we went on working. 虽然晚了,但是我们继续工作。 No matter what the weather is like, they will go out to have sports tomorrow.  无论天气怎样,他们明天都将出去进行体育运动。 注意： 1.主句与从句时态一致的问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句的时态一致一般分为下列三种情况: (1)主现从现: 若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。 Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。 The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 当红灯亮时,车辆必须停下来。 (2)主将从现: 主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时表示将来。 I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空时,我将去看望我的好友。 If she is here tomorrow, I will go to the park with her. 如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。 (3)过去时态: 若主从句都是在叙述过去的事情,则主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。 My sister was playing the piano when I got home yesterday. 昨天我到家时,我妹妹正在弹钢琴。 定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫关系从句。 关系从句所修饰的词叫先行词。 关系从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词和关系从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的某种成分，构成结构“先行词+关系词+关系从句”。 关系词的基本用法 关系词 先行词 功能 例句 关 系 代 词 who 人 主语；宾语 Do you know the girl who often comes here?你认识经常来这里的那个女孩吗？ whom 人 宾语 He is the boy whom I talked with just now.他就是刚才和我说话的男孩。 that 人，物 主语；宾语 A dictionary is a book that gives the meaning of words. 词典是一本解释单词意思的书。 which 物 主语；宾语 The school which we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai. 昨天我们参观的那所学校在上海很有名。 whose 人，物  定语 What’s the name of the boy whose father is a doctor? 父亲是医生的那个男孩的名字是什么？ 关 系 副 词 when  时间 时间状语 I remember the first day when we met for the first time. 我记得我们第一次见面的那天。 This is the place where I studied last year.  这是我去年学习的地方。  地点状语  地点  where  why  原因  原因状语 I want to know the reason why you didn’t come to school this morning. 我想知道你今天上午没来学校的原因。 【注意事项】 1. 关系词只用 that 的情况： （1）当先行词是 all, little, few, much, none,something, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代词时，只能用 that。 如： Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么我可以为你做的吗？ （2）当先行词被 the only, the very, the last, all, any, no 等修饰时，只能用 that。 如： This is the only book that is worth reading.这是唯一一本值得读的书。 （3）当先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用 that。 如： The first thing that we should do is to get some food. 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 （4）当先行词既包含人又包含物时，只能用that。 如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known. 你刚才谈到的那位作家和他的小说确实很出名。 （5）当先行词被最高级修饰时，只能用 that。 如： This is the best film that I’ve ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 （6）当主句是以 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时，只能用 that。 如： Who is the man that is standing there? 站在那儿的那个人是谁？ 2. 只能用关系代词 which 的情况： （1）当关系词前面有介词且先行词指物时，只能用 which。 如： The house in which we live is very big. 我们住的房子很大。 （2）引导非限定性定语从句。 如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. 他在比赛中获胜，这使他的父母非常高兴。 （3）当 that, those 作主语时。 如： Those which are on the shelf are storage boxes. 那些在架子上的是储物盒。 宾语从句 （1） 宾语从句的三要素：引导词、语序和时态 宾语从句 用法 例句 引导词 连接词 that 无实际意义 ，在从句中不充当任何成分 ，只起连接作用，可省略 He said (that) Kate was good at swimming. 他说凯特擅长游泳。 连接词 whether/ if 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时 ，引导词用 whether/ if, 表示“是否”，不充当句子成分，不可省略 Could you tell me whether/ if it snows in winter in Australia? 你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天是否下雪吗？ 连接代词（what/ which/ who/whose/ whom） 在从句中作一定的成分，如：主语、宾语、定语等 I want to know who made the toy. 我想知道谁制作的这个玩具。 连接副词（when/ where/why/ how） 在从句中作状语 Please tell me how you go to school. 请告诉我你怎么去学校。 语 序 陈述语序 引导词+主语+谓语+其他 Do you know where Tom lives? 你知道汤姆住在哪里吗？ 时 态 需要性原则 主句是现在时（包含一般现在时、现在进行时 、现在完成时）或将来时，从句时态根据实际情况使用相应时态 I hear Joe left for Shanghai yesterday. 我听说乔昨天去上海了。 呼应性原则 主句是过去时（包括一般过去时、 过去进行时），从句使用过去的相应时态 Kate said she was going to school soon. 凯特说她不久将要去学校。 特殊性原则 从句表示客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时 Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun. 胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。 注意：一般疑问句转化为宾语从句时，只能用whether 不能用 if 的情况： 用法 例句 在介词后引导宾语从句时 I’m thinking of whether we should leave.  我在考虑我们是否应该离开。 宾语从句提前时 Whether they can come here ontime, we don’t know.  我们不知道他们是否会按时来这儿。 与 or not 连用时 I can’t say whether or not they will come to help us.  我说不准他们是否会来帮我们。 与不定式连用时 I really don’t know whether to accept or refuse.  我真的不知道是该接受还是拒绝。 在动词discuss之后，引导宾语从句时 We discussed whether we should close the shop.  我们讨论了是不是应该把商店关掉。 用 if 会引起歧义时 Please tell me if you need help. ①如果你需要帮助请告诉我。②请告诉我你是否需要帮助。 （用whether 只有第二种意思） （二）疑问词+动词不定式 用法 例句 “疑问词+动词不定式”结构中的疑问词，包括疑 问代词 what, which 和疑问副词 how, when, where 等，这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语， 这种结构可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等 I really don’t know what to write about. 我真的不知道写什么。 I asked him how to learn English well. 我问他怎么学好英语。 动词不定式作宾语时，可以转化为宾语从句 Can you tell me where to get the scarf? =Can you tell me where I can get the scarf? 你能告诉我在哪里能买到这种围巾吗？ 3. 否定前移 通常，如果主句主语是第一人称 I 或 we，时态是一般现在时且谓语动词是表示“认为，相信，猜测”概念的动词时，其后 that 引导的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般把否定词移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 如： I don’t think you can go there by bus. 我认为你不能乘公共汽车去那儿。 We don’t consider you kept your promise.我们认为你没有信守承诺。 一、单项选择 1．Please call me as soon as you ________ in London． A．will arrive B．arrived C．arrive D．are arriving 2．I will give you the book as soon as I ________ it. A．will finish B．finished C．finish D．finishing 3．________ I was waiting for the bus, I saw an old friend of mine. A．If B．While C．Since D．Before 4．—I wonder when you got home yesterday. —We didn’t arrive _________ 2:00 a.m. You were sleeping then. A．until B．unless C．though D．because 5．The host was waiting at the gate________ his guests arrived. A．after B．when C．unless D．if 6．We have to finish all the homework before our mother _________ home. A．come B．coming C．will come D．comes 7．Sadly, my mum began getting angry with me for my low marks ________ I got the chance to explain what had happened to me. A．until B．after C．before D．when 8．The sky is much bluer ________ we have taken action to protect the environment. A．before B．until C．after D．unless 9．My father could retire at 60, but because of the delayed statutory retirement age (延迟法定退休年龄), he has to work two more years ________ he reaches sixty. A．before B．after C．because D．since 10．________ Malta is a very small island, its history is long and rich. A．Though B．Because C．However D．If 11．AI can’t take the place of humans ________ it can do lots of things. A．and B．though C．because 12．This is the book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday. A．who B．where C．that D．what 13．They are talking about the greatest inventions _________ have made a big difference to our daily life. A．which B．who C．why D．that 14．—Do you know a Chinese rocket scientist named Wang Yongzhi ________ passed away on June 11th, 2024? —Yes. He is the pride of China. A．which B．what C．who 15．This is the house ________ I lived ten years ago. A．which B．where C．that 16．—What did Mr. Wang say just now? —He told us ________. A．whether the light travels faster than the sound B．that the light traveled faster than the sound C．the light travels faster than the sound 17．—What’s wrong with your computer? —I’m sure ________ there is something wrong with it, but I wonder ________ it can be repaired. A．that; that B．that; whether C．if; whether D．whether; that 18．—I wonder ________ you will join us to see the new movie Film 731 tomorrow. —________ I’m free, I’ll go with you. A．whether, If B．if, Whether C．that, If 19．I really don’t know if he ________ tomorrow. If he ________, please tell me. A．comes, will come B．comes, comes C．will come, comes D．will come, will come 20．—Mike, could you please tell me ________ during the National Day holiday? —Sure. I went to visit the Summer Palace with my family. A．what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 二、完成句子 1．你能告诉我乐队今晚几点开始演奏吗？ Could you tell me this evening? 2．杰克想知道我们外出之前雨是否会停。 Jack the rain will stop before we go out. 3．海伦需要知道自行车店何时关门。 Helen needs to know the bike shop . 4．他们不知道自己是否能成功，但都尽了最大的努力。 They didn’t know       or not, but they all tried their best. 5．我的朋友汤姆和我一直在讨论我们在长城上所看到的东西。 My friend Tom and I keep talking about on the Great Wall. 6．你知道它是什么意思吗? Do you know ? 7．你知道这是谁的错误吗？ Do you know ? 8．Jack非常思念他爸爸，他想知道他爸爸去天津出差多久了。 Jack misses his father so much that . 9．我不确定他是否会获得奖学金。 I’m not sure a scholarship or not. 10．他们担心自己能否学会这些技能。 They worried these skills. 11．在你交卷以前，请认真检查。 Before you the test paper, check it carefully. 12．在你做出最终的决定之前，请三思。 Please think twice . 13．孩子们一回到花园，春天也随着他们回来了。 the children came back to the garden, spring returned with them. 14．这是你几天前参观的那个博物馆吗? Is this the museum a few days ago? 15．一项研究涉及海豚相互交流的几种不同方式。当这个群体发生一些不同寻常的事情时，它们会立即知道其中任何一个成员是否遇到了麻烦。 One study several different ways dolphins communicated with each other. When happened the pod, they immediately knew if one of them . 三、按要求完成句子。 1．times, Chengdu, He, many, been, knows, that, have, they, to (连词成句) ______________________________________________________________ 2．we, after, working, that, hard, dreams, believe, can, come true (连词成句) __________________________________________________________________ 3．wonder, whether, food, the, I, delicious, is（连词成句） ____________________________________ . 4．wonder,  there,  a,  whether,  is,  I,  post office   (连词成句) _________________________ . 5．I, help, whether, asks, she, need ______________________________ . 6．what, guess, will, can, happen, they ___________________________________ ? 7．know, do, where, you, lives, she _______________________________________________ ? 8．before, likes, reading, to, he, sleep, goes, he (.) . 9．left, Tom, after, turned off, lights, the, he ________________ ． 10．find, after, you, read, out, the, can, you, answer . 11．The movie is interesting. It was made in China. (合并为定语从句) The movie made in China is interesting. 12．He prefers quiet music groups. He prefers music groups . 13．The customs are different. You should learn about them before leaving.  (改为同义句) Before leaving, you should learn about the customs different. 14．To improve our English, we can talk to English-speaking people. To improve our English, we can talk to the people English. 15．Do you know whose the bike is?（改为同义句） Do you know the bike to? 题型一 完形填空 Is there anything that can help parents understand their kids better? More than 8,000 kids have answered this question in an online survey. Two thirds of kids say they 1 their parents. But that doesn’t mean they 2 fight. In fact, most kids 3 with their parents sometimes. Some even say that their arguments include shouting at each other. “It’s 4 to disagree and argue,” says Lyness, a child psychologist (心理学家). “But it’s important to learn how to deal with it respectfully (尊敬地).” Three fourths of kids say they 5 to their parents from time to time. Many say they lie 6 they won’t get in trouble or disappoint their parents. According to Lyness, lying can have bad 7 . If kids lie when they’re young, they might continue to lie even as adults. Telling the truth means growing up. But older kids actually lie more often than younger ones. Kids aged 12 to 14 not only say they lie more, but also they say having less fun and not getting along well with 8 parents. According to Lyness, these feelings are common. As kids become more 9 , they have more disagreements with their parents. But it doesn’t have to be that way. “Kids and parents get along 10 in different periods,” she says.“ As kids grow and change, it is important for everybody to change.” 1．A．get on with B．fight with C．take after 2．A．always B．often C．never 3．A．argue B．talk C．compete 4．A．unusual B．normal C．different 5．A．say B．lie C．tell 6．A．so that B．in order to C．even if 7．A．surprises B．answers C．results 8．A．their B．your C．our 9．A．beautiful B．independent C．outgoing 10．A．carefully B．differently C．quickly 题型二 短文填空 根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。 They say the bad times are almost over. After 3 years of being 1 (stick) inside, people finally can return to a more normal life. However, the fight 2 COVTD-19 isn’t completely over yet and we still need to be very careful. Getting back to “normal” should be 3 (relax), but it may turn out to be more difficult than people think. Since you have lived in fear for so long, it will take, you some time to become “unafraid.” Being in a crowded mall may feel 4 (terrible) strange and, perhaps even unsafe. It may take some time for us to be able to fully trust others once again. There are stories of people “staying away from” their neighbors or friends who 5 (sent) to quarantine(隔离)hospitals. They were afraid that, although their friends or neighbors had fully recovered (修复), they were still in   6   (dangerous) of getting infected (传染). They may have felt that anyone who had been infected must have done something wrong and not followed the rules. As a result, they 7 (plan) to stay away from these people. This is exactly the result of fear. As 8 matter of fact, however, people who have fully recovered cannot infect others. Those who “followed the rules” still not infected. In both cases the enemy was COVID-19, not the people who 9 (they) were also its victims (受害者). Staying away from people is never a good idea, whether it’s because of COVID-19 or just because we think someone is different. 10 China continues to recover, we should open our hearts and minds, and try, over time, to lose our fear. 题型三 阅读表达 阅读下文并回答问题． Sometimes I wonder if there is love between my parents. Every day they are very busy trying to make money for my schooling. One day, my mother was sewing (缝) a quilt. I sat silently beside her. “Mom, is there love between you and Dad?” I asked in a very low voice. With surprise in her eyes, she stopped her work for a while. Then she said, “Susan, look at this thread (线). It can hardly be seen, but it’s really there. It makes the quilt strong. If life is a quilt, love should be a thread. Love is inside.” I couldn’t understand it until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly became seriously ill. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. After they were back, my mother helped my father walk slowly along the country road every day. They were so kind to each other and it seemed they were the happiest couple. After two months, my father still couldn’t walk by himself. “Dad, how are you feeling now?” I asked him one day. “Susan, don’t worry about me,” he said. “I just like walking with your mom. I like this kind of life.” Reading his eyes, I knew he loved my mother deeply. Now I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．What are Susan’s parents busy doing every day? ______________________________________________ 2．How long did Susan’s father stay in the hospital? _______________________________________________ 3．Where did Susan’s parents walk after they were back from the hospital? ________________________________________________ 4．How did the father feel about his life after he was ill? ______________________________________________ 5．What can we learn about love from the passage? _______________________________________________ 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 9 Communication 核心语法精练（状语从句,定语从句与宾语从句） 目录 A 考点概览·知识回顾 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 1 一、单项选择 7 二、完成句子 7 三、按要求完成句子。 12 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 15 题型一 完形填空 18 题型二 短文填空 18 题型三 阅读表达 21 状语从句 状语从句的考查点主要集中在引导状语从句的连词和状语从句的时态等方面。状语从句分为地点状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、让步状语从句和方式状语从句。现归纳如下: 类型 连词 例句 地点状语 从句 where, wherever Cross the stream where it is the shallowest. 从最浅的地方过河。 We’ll go wherever you say. 你说的任何地方我们都去。 时间状语 从句 when, while, after, before, since, till, until, as, as soon as, whenever, ever since I’ll phone you as soon as I arrive in Shanghai. 我一到上海就给你打电话。 I waited till/until he came back. 我一直等到他回来。 I’ll tell him when he comes. 当他来的时候,我将告诉他。 Whenever we’re in trouble, they’ll help us. 无论何时我们有麻烦,他们都会帮助我们。 原因状语 从句 as, because, since, now that Susan didn’t come to school yesterday because she was ill.  苏珊昨天没来上学,因为她病了。 Since her brother was busy, he didn’t come. 她哥哥因为忙没有来。 Now that you have finished your homework, you can play basketball. 既然你已经完成了家庭作业,你可以打篮球。 条件状语 从句 if, unless,as long as You won’t pass the exam unless you work harder.  如果不更加努力学习,你将通不过考试。 I don’t mind as long as it doesn’t rain. 只要不下雨就行了。 比较状语 从句 than, as…as…, not so/as…as… This book is more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本书有趣。 Maths is as important as physics. 数学和物理同样重要。 目的状语 从句 in case, so that, in order that She stood up so that she might see more clearly. 她站起来以便能看得更清楚。 Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 随身带一顶帽子,以防太晒。 结果状语 从句 so…that…,  such…that… He was so angry that he couldn’t speak.  他是如此生气,以至于说不出话来。 She is such a lovely girl that everyone loves her.  她是一个如此可爱的女孩,大家都喜欢她。 让步状语 从句 although, though, even though/if, no matter,  whatever, whoever Though it was late, we went on working. 虽然晚了,但是我们继续工作。 No matter what the weather is like, they will go out to have sports tomorrow.  无论天气怎样,他们明天都将出去进行体育运动。 注意： 1.主句与从句时态一致的问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句的时态一致一般分为下列三种情况: (1)主现从现: 若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。 Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要小心。 The traffic must stop when the lights are red. 当红灯亮时,车辆必须停下来。 (2)主将从现: 主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时表示将来。 I will visit my good friend when I have time. 当我有空时,我将去看望我的好友。 If she is here tomorrow, I will go to the park with her. 如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。 (3)过去时态: 若主从句都是在叙述过去的事情,则主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。 My sister was playing the piano when I got home yesterday. 昨天我到家时,我妹妹正在弹钢琴。 定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫关系从句。 关系从句所修饰的词叫先行词。 关系从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词和关系从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的某种成分，构成结构“先行词+关系词+关系从句”。 关系词的基本用法 关系词 先行词 功能 例句 关 系 代 词 who 人 主语；宾语 Do you know the girl who often comes here?你认识经常来这里的那个女孩吗？ whom 人 宾语 He is the boy whom I talked with just now.他就是刚才和我说话的男孩。 that 人，物 主语；宾语 A dictionary is a book that gives the meaning of words. 词典是一本解释单词意思的书。 which 物 主语；宾语 The school which we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai. 昨天我们参观的那所学校在上海很有名。 whose 人，物  定语 What’s the name of the boy whose father is a doctor? 父亲是医生的那个男孩的名字是什么？ 关 系 副 词 when  时间 时间状语 I remember the first day when we met for the first time. 我记得我们第一次见面的那天。 This is the place where I studied last year.  这是我去年学习的地方。  地点状语  地点  where  why  原因  原因状语 I want to know the reason why you didn’t come to school this morning. 我想知道你今天上午没来学校的原因。 【注意事项】 1. 关系词只用 that 的情况： （1）当先行词是 all, little, few, much, none,something, everything, anything, nothing 等不定代词时，只能用 that。 如： Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么我可以为你做的吗？ （2）当先行词被 the only, the very, the last, all, any, no 等修饰时，只能用 that。 如： This is the only book that is worth reading.这是唯一一本值得读的书。 （3）当先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用 that。 如： The first thing that we should do is to get some food. 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 （4）当先行词既包含人又包含物时，只能用that。 如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known. 你刚才谈到的那位作家和他的小说确实很出名。 （5）当先行词被最高级修饰时，只能用 that。 如： This is the best film that I’ve ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 （6）当主句是以 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时，只能用 that。 如： Who is the man that is standing there? 站在那儿的那个人是谁？ 2. 只能用关系代词 which 的情况： （1）当关系词前面有介词且先行词指物时，只能用 which。 如： The house in which we live is very big. 我们住的房子很大。 （2）引导非限定性定语从句。 如： He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. 他在比赛中获胜，这使他的父母非常高兴。 （3）当 that, those 作主语时。 如： Those which are on the shelf are storage boxes. 那些在架子上的是储物盒。 宾语从句 （1） 宾语从句的三要素：引导词、语序和时态 宾语从句 用法 例句 引导词 连接词 that 无实际意义 ，在从句中不充当任何成分 ，只起连接作用，可省略 He said (that) Kate was good at swimming. 他说凯特擅长游泳。 连接词 whether/ if 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时 ，引导词用 whether/ if, 表示“是否”，不充当句子成分，不可省略 Could you tell me whether/ if it snows in winter in Australia? 你能告诉我澳大利亚冬天是否下雪吗？ 连接代词（what/ which/ who/whose/ whom） 在从句中作一定的成分，如：主语、宾语、定语等 I want to know who made the toy. 我想知道谁制作的这个玩具。 连接副词（when/ where/why/ how） 在从句中作状语 Please tell me how you go to school. 请告诉我你怎么去学校。 语 序 陈述语序 引导词+主语+谓语+其他 Do you know where Tom lives? 你知道汤姆住在哪里吗？ 时 态 需要性原则 主句是现在时（包含一般现在时、现在进行时 、现在完成时）或将来时，从句时态根据实际情况使用相应时态 I hear Joe left for Shanghai yesterday. 我听说乔昨天去上海了。 呼应性原则 主句是过去时（包括一般过去时、 过去进行时），从句使用过去的相应时态 Kate said she was going to school soon. 凯特说她不久将要去学校。 特殊性原则 从句表示客观事实、真理、自然现象等时，不管主句使用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时 Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun. 胡老师说地球绕着太阳转。 注意：一般疑问句转化为宾语从句时，只能用whether 不能用 if 的情况： 用法 例句 在介词后引导宾语从句时 I’m thinking of whether we should leave.  我在考虑我们是否应该离开。 宾语从句提前时 Whether they can come here ontime, we don’t know.  我们不知道他们是否会按时来这儿。 与 or not 连用时 I can’t say whether or not they will come to help us.  我说不准他们是否会来帮我们。 与不定式连用时 I really don’t know whether to accept or refuse.  我真的不知道是该接受还是拒绝。 在动词discuss之后，引导宾语从句时 We discussed whether we should close the shop.  我们讨论了是不是应该把商店关掉。 用 if 会引起歧义时 Please tell me if you need help. ①如果你需要帮助请告诉我。②请告诉我你是否需要帮助。 （用whether 只有第二种意思） （二）疑问词+动词不定式 用法 例句 “疑问词+动词不定式”结构中的疑问词，包括疑 问代词 what, which 和疑问副词 how, when, where 等，这些疑问词和不定式一起构成了不定式短语， 这种结构可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等 I really don’t know what to write about. 我真的不知道写什么。 I asked him how to learn English well. 我问他怎么学好英语。 动词不定式作宾语时，可以转化为宾语从句 Can you tell me where to get the scarf? =Can you tell me where I can get the scarf? 你能告诉我在哪里能买到这种围巾吗？ 3. 否定前移 通常，如果主句主语是第一人称 I 或 we，时态是一般现在时且谓语动词是表示“认为，相信，猜测”概念的动词时，其后 that 引导的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般把否定词移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。 如： I don’t think you can go there by bus. 我认为你不能乘公共汽车去那儿。 We don’t consider you kept your promise.我们认为你没有信守承诺。 一、单项选择 1．Please call me as soon as you ________ in London． A．will arrive B．arrived C．arrive D．are arriving 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请在你到达伦敦后尽快给我打电话。   考查动词时态。该句是as soon as引导的时间状语从句，主句为祈使句，从句用一般现在时，从句主语为you，谓语动词用原形，故选C。 2．I will give you the book as soon as I ________ it. A．will finish B．finished C．finish D．finishing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我一读完这本书就会把它给你。 考查动词时态。as soon as引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。从句主语是I，动词用原形。故选C。 3．________ I was waiting for the bus, I saw an old friend of mine. A．If B．While C．Since D．Before 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我正在等公交车的时候，看见了一位老朋友。 考查连词辨析。if如果；while当……的时候；since自从；before在……之前。根据句意“等公交车”和“看见老朋友”是同时发生的动作，应选用表示时间背景的连词while。故选B。 4．—I wonder when you got home yesterday. —We didn’t arrive _________ 2:00 a.m. You were sleeping then. A．until B．unless C．though D．because 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想知道你昨天什么时候到家的。——我们凌晨两点才到。那会儿你正在睡觉。 考查连词辨析。until直到；unless除非；though虽然；because因为。not...until意为“直到……才”，根据“didn’t arrive...2:00 a.m”可知，指“直到两点才到家”。故选A。 5．The host was waiting at the gate________ his guests arrived. A．after B．when C．unless D．if 【答案】B 【详解】句意：客人到达时，主人正在门口等候。 考查连词辨析题。 after在……之后；when当……时；unless除非；if如果。根据“The host was waiting at the gate... his guests arrived.”可知，此处表示当客人到达时，主人正在门口等待，when符合主人等待的动作在客人到达的时刻正在发生的语境。故选B。 6．We have to finish all the homework before our mother _________ home. A．come B．coming C．will come D．comes 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们必须在妈妈回家之前完成所有的作业。 考查动词时态。根据“We have to finish all the homework before our mother...”可知，本句为before“在……之前”引导的时间状语从句，从句常用一般现在时，从句主语“our mother”为第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故选D。 7．Sadly, my mum began getting angry with me for my low marks ________ I got the chance to explain what had happened to me. A．until B．after C．before D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不幸的是，在我有机会解释发生在我身上的事情之前，我妈妈就开始因为我的低分而对我生气了。 考查连词辨析及用法。 until直到；after在……之后；before在……之前；when当……时。根据空前后关系可知，生气动作发生在解释机会之前，故选C。 8．The sky is much bluer ________ we have taken action to protect the environment. A．before B．until C．after D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们采取行动保护环境后，天空变得更蓝了。 考查连词。before在……之前；until直到；after在……之后；unless除非。根据“The sky is much bluer...we have taken action to protect the environment.”可知，前面的动作在后面的动作之后，应用after，故选C。 9．My father could retire at 60, but because of the delayed statutory retirement age (延迟法定退休年龄), he has to work two more years ________ he reaches sixty. A．before B．after C．because D．since 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我父亲可以在60岁退休，但由于法定退休年龄推迟，他必须在60岁后再工作两年。 考查连词辨析。before在……之前；after在……之后；because因为；since自从。根据“My father could retire at 60, but because of the delayed statutory retirement age (延迟法定退休年龄)”可知，由于法定退休年龄推迟，需要在60岁后再工作两年。故选B。 10．________ Malta is a very small island, its history is long and rich. A．Though B．Because C．However D．If 【答案】A 【详解】句意：尽管马耳他是一个非常小的岛屿，但它的历史悠久而丰富。 考查连词辨析。Though尽管；Because因为；However然而；If如果。根据语境可知，前后句之间存在让步关系，即尽管马耳他很小，但它的历史却很长很丰富，所以应该用Though引导让步状语从句。故选A。 11．AI can’t take the place of humans ________ it can do lots of things. A．and B．though C．because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：人工智能不能代替人类，尽管它能做许多事。 考查连词辨析。and和；though尽管；because因为。根据“AI can’t take the place of humans”和“it can do lots of things”可知此处引导让步状语从句，故选B。 12．This is the book ________ I borrowed from the library yesterday. A．who B．where C．that D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这就是我昨天从图书馆借的那本书。 考查定语从句。who谁；where哪里；that那个；what什么。先行词是the book，为物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用that引导。故选C。 13．They are talking about the greatest inventions _________ have made a big difference to our daily life. A．which B．who C．why D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他们正在讨论那些对我们日常生活产生了重大影响的最伟大发明。 考查定语从句。根据“the greatest inventions ... have made a big difference to our daily life”可知，先行词是“inventions”（物），且被形容词最高级“greatest”修饰，关系代词用“that”，在从句中作主语。故选D。 14．—Do you know a Chinese rocket scientist named Wang Yongzhi ________ passed away on June 11th, 2024? —Yes. He is the pride of China. A．which B．what C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道一个叫做王永志的中国火箭科学家在2024年6月11日去世了吗?——是的，他是中国的骄傲。 考查定语从句引导词。which在定语从句中做主语或宾语，指物；what不引导定语从句；who在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指人。根据“Do you know...on June 11th, 2024?”可知，此处指人，作主语，用who。故选C。 15．This is the house ________ I lived ten years ago. A．which B．where C．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我十年前居住的房子。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which引导定语从句时，其先行词为物，充当定语从句的主语和宾语；where引导定语从句时，其先行词为地点，充当定语从句的状语；that引导定语从句时，其先行词为物或人，充当定语从句的主语和宾语。根据“house”为名词可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词“house”为地点，且充当定语从句的地点状语，故选B。 16．—What did Mr. Wang say just now? —He told us ________. A．whether the light travels faster than the sound B．that the light traveled faster than the sound C．the light travels faster than the sound 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——王先生刚才说什么了？——他告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 考查宾语从句的引导词和时态。当宾语从句表述的是“客观真理、永恒事实”时，无论主句时态如何，从句始终用一般现在时。“光比声音传播得快”是客观真理，所以从句时态为一般现在时，排除B项；whether意为“是否”，引导的从句需体现“疑问”的含义，排除A项；C项省略了宾语从句的引导词that。故选C。 17．—What’s wrong with your computer? —I’m sure ________ there is something wrong with it, but I wonder ________ it can be repaired. A．that; that B．that; whether C．if; whether D．whether; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的电脑怎么了？——我确定它有毛病，但我想知道它是否能被修好。 考查宾语从句的引导词。that无实义，在宾语从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用；whether是否；if是否，如果。第一空所在句子为宾语从句，“I’m sure”后接that引导的宾语从句，that在此处无实义，只起连接作用，所以第一空用that；第二空所在句子为宾语从句，根据“wonder（想知道）”可知，此处表示不确定“是否”能被修好，应用whether引导宾语从句。故选B。 18．—I wonder ________ you will join us to see the new movie Film 731 tomorrow. —________ I’m free, I’ll go with you. A．whether, If B．if, Whether C．that, If 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想知道你明天是否和我们一起去看新电影《731》。  ——如果我有空，我就和你一起去。 考查连词辨析。whether是否，可引导宾语从句；if是否，如果，可以引导宾语从句或条件状语从句；that那个，引导宾语从句时，无实际意义。第一句话为宾语从句，根据“wonder”可知，此处想询问是否会去看电影《731》，第一个空用whether或if；第二句话，根据“I’m free”和“I’ll go with you”可知，有空是去看电影的条件，用If引导条件状语从句，第二个空填If。故选A。 19．I really don’t know if he ________ tomorrow. If he ________, please tell me. A．comes, will come B．comes, comes C．will come, comes D．will come, will come 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不知道他明天是否来。如果他来，请告诉我。 考查动词时态。分析句子结构，前句为if引导的宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句不限制时态，再结合时间状语tomorrow“明天”可知，从句时态应为一般将来时，其结构为“will do sth.”；后句为if引导的条件状语从句，从句时态应用一般现在时，且从句主语he为第三人称单数形式，应用其对应的动词三单形式comes作谓语。故选C。 20．—Mike, could you please tell me ________ during the National Day holiday? —Sure. I went to visit the Summer Palace with my family. A．what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——迈克，你能告诉我国庆假期你做了什么吗？——当然，我和家人去了颐和园。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。根据答句“I went to visit…”可知，询问的是过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，且宾语从句需用陈述语序（主语+谓语）。故选B。 二、完成句子 1．你能告诉我乐队今晚几点开始演奏吗？ Could you tell me this evening? 【答案】what time the band starts playing/when the band starts playing 【详解】根据题干可知，what time/when可以表示“几点”，询问时间；the band表示“乐队”；start doing“开始做”；play“演奏”。主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式；这里tell后是宾语从句，因此从句应该用陈述句语序。故填what time/when the band starts playing。 2．杰克想知道我们外出之前雨是否会停。 Jack the rain will stop before we go out. 【答案】 wonders if/whether 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“想知道”和“是否”。wonder“想知道”，是动词，由语境可知此处时态为一般现在时，而主语Jack为第三人称单数，所以此处应用其第三人称单数形式；if/whether“是否”，是连词，引导宾语从句，故填wonders；if/whether。 3．海伦需要知道自行车店何时关门。 Helen needs to know the bike shop . 【答案】 when closes 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处为“何时关门”。分析句子可知，“know”后为宾语从句，引导词为when“何时”，“关门”close，根据“Helen needs to know”可知，主句用的是一般现在时，从句描述的是自行车店关门这一常规性、习惯性的动作，因此也需用一般现在时。由于从句主语“the bike shop”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需变为第三人称单数形式closes。故填when；closes。 4．他们不知道自己是否能成功，但都尽了最大的努力。 They didn’t know       or not, but they all tried their best. 【答案】 whether they could succeed 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，know后面跟宾语从句，从句结构是“whether ... or not”，意为“是否”，引导词后跟陈述句语序。they“他们”，作从句的主语；can“能”，主句用过去式，从句也要用过去时态，因此用could；succeed“成功”，动词，与could一起构成谓语，could是情态动词，succeed用动词原形。故填whether；they；could；succeed。 5．我的朋友汤姆和我一直在讨论我们在长城上所看到的东西。 My friend Tom and I keep talking about on the Great Wall. 【答案】 what we saw 【详解】由中英文对比可知，缺少“我们所看到的东西”；what“什么”，引导宾语从句，从句要用陈述句语序；we“我们”，作从句的主语；saw“看到”，为谓语动词，what we saw表示“我们所看到的东西”。故填what；we；saw。 6．你知道它是什么意思吗? Do you know ? 【答案】 what it means 【详解】它是什么意思：what it means，为宾语从句；句中主句为一般现在时的疑问句，宾语从句用陈述语序，主语为it，谓语为means（第三人称单数）。故填what；it；means。 7．你知道这是谁的错误吗？ Do you know ? 【答案】 whose fault it is/was 【详解】此处需用whose引导宾语从句，表示“谁的”，后接陈述语序，时态为一般现在时/一般过去时；疑问词（whose）+ 主语（it）+ 谓语（is/was），fault“错误”，名词，需与whose连用。故填whose；fault；it；is/was。 8．Jack非常思念他爸爸，他想知道他爸爸去天津出差多久了。 Jack misses his father so much that . 【答案】he wonders how long his father has been in Tianjin on business 【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“他想知道他爸爸去天津出差多久了”；他“he”；想知道“wonder”，时态为一般现在时，此处用三单形式；多久“how long”，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序，时态是现在完成时；他爸爸“his father”；去天津“be in Tianjin”，延续性动词，此处应填has been in Tianjin；出差“on business”。故填he wonders how long his father has been in Tianjin on business。 9．我不确定他是否会获得奖学金。 I’m not sure a scholarship or not. 【答案】whether he will get 【详解】根据所给句意可知，空白处表示“他是否会获得”，是否“whether/if”，只有whether可以和句中“or not”连用；主句“I’m not sure”后跟宾语从句，主句为一般现在时，从句根据句意可知使用一般将来时，其构成为“will do”；他“he”，作从句主语；获得“get”，动词，作从句谓语。故填whether he will get。 10．他们担心自己能否学会这些技能。 They worried these skills. 【答案】 if/whether they could learn 【详解】是否：if/whether，引导宾语从句；他们：they，作主语；根据“worried”可知主句是一般过去时，故宾语从句也用过去时态，表示“能够”用情态动词could，其后加动词原形learn“学习”。故填if/whether；they；could；learn。 11．在你交卷以前，请认真检查。 Before you the test paper, check it carefully. 【答案】hand in 【详解】hand in“交上”，动词短语；“before”引导的时间状语从句中，动词用一般现在时表示将来动作；主语是you，谓语用动词原形。故填hand in。 12．在你做出最终的决定之前，请三思。 Please think twice . 【答案】 before you make a final decision 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“在你做出最终的决定之前”。“在……之前”用连词“before”引导时间状语从句；“做出决定”常用短语“make a decision”，此处“最终的”用形容词“final”修饰“decision”，即“make a final decision”；从句主语为“you”，句子描述日常建议场景，用一般现在时，故填before；you；make；a；final；decision。 13．孩子们一回到花园，春天也随着他们回来了。 the children came back to the garden, spring returned with them. 【答案】 As soon as 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表示“一……就……”，用短语“as soon as”，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填As；soon；as。 14．这是你几天前参观的那个博物馆吗? Is this the museum a few days ago? 【答案】 that/which you visited 【详解】根据句意和所给提示可知，此处考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是the museum，用that/which代指；定语从句的主语是you“你”；visit动词，“拜访”；根据时间状语a few days ago可知，从句的时态是一般过去时，visit用过去式visited。故填that/which；you；visited。 15．一项研究涉及海豚相互交流的几种不同方式。当这个群体发生一些不同寻常的事情时，它们会立即知道其中任何一个成员是否遇到了麻烦。 One study several different ways dolphins communicated with each other. When happened the pod, they immediately knew if one of them . 【答案】 involved that something unusual to was in trouble 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，第一空表示“涉及”，involve“涉及”，动词，此处用过去式involved。第二空用“that”引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词“ways”。第三四空表示“一些不寻常的事”，用形容词unusual“不同寻常的”修饰不定代词“something”，形容词放在something之后。第五空表示“发生”，happen to“在某人或某物身上发生”，因此填介词to。第六七八空表示“遇到了麻烦”，be in trouble“陷入困难”，为固定短语；此处“one of them”作主语，动词用单数形式，且为一般过去时，因此be动词用was。故填involved；that；something；unusual；to；was；in；trouble。 三、按要求完成句子。 1．times, Chengdu, He, many, been, knows, that, have, they, to (连词成句) ______________________________________________________________ 【答案】He knows that they have been to Chengdu many times. 【详解】根据所给词可知，此句是一个复合句，主句为“He knows”；“that”引导宾语从句；they“他们”，从句主语；have been to“去过”；Chengdu“成都”；many times“多次”。故填He knows that they have been to Chengdu many times.“他知道他们去过成都很多次。” 2．we, after, working, that, hard, dreams, believe, can, come true (连词成句) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】We believe that after working hard, dreams can come true./We believe that dreams can come true after working hard. 【详解】根据所给词语及标点符号可知，句子为陈述句。主语为We；谓语为believe；宾语从句由that引导；从句部分为after working hard, dreams can come true/dreams can come true after working hard，表示“努力工作之后，梦想能够实现”。其中，after working hard作时间状语，dreams作主语，can come true作谓语，表示“能成真”。句子结构完整，语义连贯。故填We believe that after working hard, dreams can come true./We believe that dreams can come true after working hard.“我们相信，努力之后，梦想会实现/我们相信，只要努力，梦想就能成真”。 3．wonder, whether, food, the, I, delicious, is（连词成句） ____________________________________ . 【答案】I wonder whether the food is delicious 【详解】根据所给标点符号可知，本句是陈述句。I作主语，wonder作谓语；whether是宾语从句的连接词；the food作从句主语；is作谓语；delicious作表语。故填I wonder whether the food is delicious“我想知道食物是否美味”。 4．wonder,  there,  a,  whether,  is,  I,  post office   (连词成句) _________________________ . 【答案】I wonder whether there is a post office 【详解】由标点可知，此句是陈述句；分析所给单词，I作主句主语，wonder为主句谓语；whether引导宾语从句，从句是there be句型，a post office作从句主语。故填I wonder whether there is a post office“我想知道是否有一个邮局”。 5．I, help, whether, asks, she, need ______________________________ . 【答案】She asks whether I need help 【详解】根据所给及标点可知，该句为肯定句。she是主句主语，asks是谓语；whether是连词，引导宾语从句，I是从句主语，need是谓语，help是名词，作宾语。故填She asks whether I need help“她问我是否需要帮助”。 6．what, guess, will, can, happen, they ___________________________________ ? 【答案】Can they guess what will happen 【详解】根据所给标点和单词可知，此句为含有宾语从句的一般疑问句；they作主语，can guess作谓语，情态动词can提到主语前构成疑问句，what引导宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，引导词what在从句中作主语，will happen作从句谓语。故填Can they guess what will happen“他们能猜到会发生什么吗”。 7．know, do, where, you, lives, she _______________________________________________ ? 【答案】Do you know where she lives 【详解】根据所给标点可知，本句为一般疑问句，且为宾语从句。do作助动词，构成一般疑问句，位于句首，首字母大写，you作主语，know作谓语，where she lives为宾语从句，此处作know的宾语。故填Do you know where she lives“你知道她住在哪里”。 8．before, likes, reading, to, he, sleep, goes, he (.) . 【答案】He likes reading before he goes to sleep 【详解】根据标点符号可知是陈述句，是“before”引导的时间状语从句。“before”表示“在某事之前”；从句和主句的主语都是“he”；主句的谓语是动词短语“like reading”,表示“喜欢看书”；从句的谓语是动词短语“goes to bed”，表示“睡觉”。故填He likes reading before he goes to sleep“睡觉之前他喜欢看书”。 9．left, Tom, after, turned off, lights, the, he ________________ ． 【答案】Tom left after he turned off the lights 【详解】根据所给单词和标点可知，该句是after引导的时间状语从句，主句是Tom left，从句是he turned off the lights，故填Tom left after he turned off the lights“汤姆关灯后就走了”。 10．find, after, you, read, out, the, can, you, answer . 【答案】You can find out the answer after you read 【详解】句意：在你阅读之后，你就能发现答案。这是一个主从复合句，after引导了一个时间状语从句，意思是“在…之后”，从句中主语是you，动词是read；主句是一个主谓宾的结构，主语是you，谓语动词是can find out，宾语是the answer。 11．The movie is interesting. It was made in China. (合并为定语从句) The movie made in China is interesting. 【答案】that was/which was 【详解】句意：这部电影很有趣。它是在中国制作的。原句为两个简单句，要将第二个句子“It was made in China”合并到第一个句子中作为定语从句修饰“The movie”。在定语从句中，先行词“The movie”是物，关系代词可以用that或which，同时原句的“was made”是谓语动词，在定语从句中保持不变。因此，合并后的定语从句为“that/which was made in China”，修饰先行词“The movie”，整个句子为“The movie that/which was made in China is interesting.”。故填that was/which was。 12．He prefers quiet music groups. He prefers music groups . 【答案】 that/which are quiet 【详解】句意：他更喜欢安静的音乐组合。通过观察句子结构可知，缺词部分和单词quiet“安静的”相关。此处表达的是music groups are quiet“音乐团体是安静的”，prefer是谓语，所以判断此处为定语从句，故用that/which指代music groups。故填that/which；are；quiet。 13．The customs are different. You should learn about them before leaving.  (改为同义句) Before leaving, you should learn about the customs different. 【答案】which are/that are 【详解】句意：有些风俗是不同的。离开前你应该了解它们。改为同义句，可将两个句子合并为定语从句，表达为“离开前，你应该了解那些不同的风俗。”，定语从句的先行词是“customs”，因此关系代词用which/that，在从句中作主语，后面用系动词“are”。故填which/that are。 14．To improve our English, we can talk to English-speaking people. To improve our English, we can talk to the people English. 【答案】 who/that speak 【详解】句意：为了提高我们的英语，我们可以和说英语的人交谈。“English-speaking people”可以用定语从句来替换，先行词是people，且在从句中作主语，关系词用who/that；speak English“说英语”，主语是复数，时态为一般现在时，从句谓语动词用原形，故填who/that；speak。 15．Do you know whose the bike is?（改为同义句） Do you know the bike to? 【答案】 who belongs 【详解】句意：你知道自行车是谁的吗？此处可改为“你知道自行车属于谁吗”，用who引导宾语从句，belong to“属于”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词单数，谓语动词用单三。故填who；belongs。 题型一 完形填空 Is there anything that can help parents understand their kids better? More than 8,000 kids have answered this question in an online survey. Two thirds of kids say they 1 their parents. But that doesn’t mean they 2 fight. In fact, most kids 3 with their parents sometimes. Some even say that their arguments include shouting at each other. “It’s 4 to disagree and argue,” says Lyness, a child psychologist (心理学家). “But it’s important to learn how to deal with it respectfully (尊敬地).” Three fourths of kids say they 5 to their parents from time to time. Many say they lie 6 they won’t get in trouble or disappoint their parents. According to Lyness, lying can have bad 7 . If kids lie when they’re young, they might continue to lie even as adults. Telling the truth means growing up. But older kids actually lie more often than younger ones. Kids aged 12 to 14 not only say they lie more, but also they say having less fun and not getting along well with 8 parents. According to Lyness, these feelings are common. As kids become more 9 , they have more disagreements with their parents. But it doesn’t have to be that way. “Kids and parents get along 10 in different periods,” she says.“ As kids grow and change, it is important for everybody to change.” 1．A．get on with B．fight with C．take after 2．A．always B．often C．never 3．A．argue B．talk C．compete 4．A．unusual B．normal C．different 5．A．say B．lie C．tell 6．A．so that B．in order to C．even if 7．A．surprises B．answers C．results 8．A．their B．your C．our 9．A．beautiful B．independent C．outgoing 10．A．carefully B．differently C．quickly 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B 【详解】本文介绍了一个关于怎样让父母更了解自己的孩子的调查结果。 1．句意：三分之二的孩子们说他们和父母相处地好。 get on with与……友好相处；fight with与……打架；take after长得像。根据“But that doesn’t mean…Some even say that their arguments include shouting at each other.”可知，but后面的内容与和父母争吵有关，因此前面内容与此相反，是和父母友好相处。故选A。 2．句意：但是那不意味着他们从不争吵。 always总是；often经常；never从不。根据“根据“But that doesn’t mean…Some even say that their arguments include shouting at each other.”可知，后面讲的是与父母争吵，所以此处是不意味着“从不”争吵。故选C。 3．句意：事实上，大多数孩子们有时候会和他们父母争吵。 argue争吵；talk讨论；compete竞争。根据“Some even say that their arguments include shouting at each other.”可知，此处讲的是孩子们会和父母争吵。故选A。 4．句意：意见不一致和争吵是正常的。 unusual不寻常的；normal正常的；different不同的。根据“But it’s important to learn how to deal with it respectfully”可知，心理学家认为争吵是正常的，重要的是如何处理。故选B。 5．句意：四分之三的孩子们说他们有时候对父母说谎。 say说；lie说谎；tell告诉。根据“Many say they lie”可知，是说自己说谎。故选B。 6．句意：许多孩子说他们说谎，这样他们就不会惹上麻烦或者让父母失望。 so that以便于，后跟句子；in order to目的是，后跟短语；even if即使。根据“Many say they lie…they won’t get in trouble or disappoint their parents.”可知，说谎的目的是不让自己惹麻烦或让父母失望，空后是句子，所以用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。 7．句意：说谎会有不好的结果。 surprises惊喜；answers回答；results结果。根据“If kids lie when they’re young, they might continue to lie even as adults.”可知，小的时候说谎的结果是长大后可能继续说谎，此处是说不好的结果。故选C。 8．句意：12到14岁的孩子们不仅说他们说谎变多，而且他们说他们玩得也不开心，和父母相处也不好。 their他们的；your你的；our我们的。根据“they say having less fun and not getting along well with…parents.”可知，此处讲的是孩子们和他们的父母相处不好。故选A。 9．句意：随着孩子们变得更独立，他们和父母之间有更多的分歧。 beautiful美丽的；independent独立的；outgoing外向的。根据“they have more disagreements with their parents.”可知，和父母越来越多的分歧是当孩子们变得更独立时。故选B。 10．句意：孩子们和父母在不同时期相处不同。 carefully仔细地；differently不同地；quickly快速地。根据“As kids grow and change, it is important for everybody to change.”可知，随着孩子们长大变化，孩子和父母之间的相处也会不同。故选B。 题型二 短文填空 根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。 They say the bad times are almost over. After 3 years of being 1 (stick) inside, people finally can return to a more normal life. However, the fight 2 COVTD-19 isn’t completely over yet and we still need to be very careful. Getting back to “normal” should be 3 (relax), but it may turn out to be more difficult than people think. Since you have lived in fear for so long, it will take, you some time to become “unafraid.” Being in a crowded mall may feel 4 (terrible) strange and, perhaps even unsafe. It may take some time for us to be able to fully trust others once again. There are stories of people “staying away from” their neighbors or friends who 5 (sent) to quarantine(隔离)hospitals. They were afraid that, although their friends or neighbors had fully recovered (修复), they were still in   6   (dangerous) of getting infected (传染). They may have felt that anyone who had been infected must have done something wrong and not followed the rules. As a result, they 7 (plan) to stay away from these people. This is exactly the result of fear. As 8 matter of fact, however, people who have fully recovered cannot infect others. Those who “followed the rules” still not infected. In both cases the enemy was COVID-19, not the people who 9 (they) were also its victims (受害者). Staying away from people is never a good idea, whether it’s because of COVID-19 or just because we think someone is different. 10 China continues to recover, we should open our hearts and minds, and try, over time, to lose our fear. 【答案】 1．stuck 2．against 3．relaxing 4．terribly 5．were sent 6．danger 7．planned 8．a 9．themselves 10．As 【详解】本文主要谈论疫情过后人们存在的恐惧心理。文末，作者鼓励人们克服并战胜恐惧心理。 1．句意：被困在家里3年后，人们终于可以恢复更正常的生活了。根据空前的“being”及“people finally can return to a more normal life.”可知，此处指人们被困在家里，用被动语态，空处填动词stick的过去分词。故填stuck。 2．句意：然而，对抗新冠肺炎的斗争还没有完全结束，我们仍然需要非常小心。fight against“反对……”，against是介词，符合语境。故填against。 3．句意：恢复“正常”应该是一种放松，但它可能比人们想象的更困难。空前是be动词，排除现在进行时，空处填形容词，根据“Getting back to ‘normal’”作主语，表示某事令人放松，用形容词relaxing。故填relaxing。 4．句意：（人们）身处拥挤的购物中心也许会觉得非常奇怪，甚至可能觉得不安全。空后是形容词strange，可知空处填副词修饰形容词，terrible是形容词，副词是terribly。故填terribly。 5．句意：有一些关于人们“远离”被送往隔离医院的邻居或朋友的故事。此处是who引导的定语从句，中心词是“their neighbors or friends ”，此处指被送到隔离医院的邻居或朋友，主谓之间表示被动关系，时态为一般过去时，主语是复数，因此用“were+动词过去分词”结构。故填were sent。 6．句意：他们害怕他们仍处于被传染的危险中，尽管他们的朋友或邻居已经完全康复。be in danger “处于危险中”，空处填名词，dangerous是形容词，名词是danger。故填danger。 7．句意：因此，他们计划远离这些人。根据前面提到的stories，可知此处时态用一般过去时，plan的过去式是planned。故填planned。 8．句意：然而，事实上，完全康复的人不会感染他人。as a matter of fact“事实上”，固定短语。故填a。 9．句意：在这两种情况下，敌人都是新冠肺炎，而不是那些也深受其害的人们。分析句子结构可知who作定语从句的主语，此处they用反身代词作同位语。故填themselves。 10．句意：随着中国的不断恢复常态，我们应该敞开心扉，随着时间的推移，努力消除恐惧。前后都是分句，空处缺少连词，此处表示一个持续的状态，因此用连词as引导时间状语从句，句首字母大写。故填As。 题型三 阅读表达 阅读下文并回答问题． Sometimes I wonder if there is love between my parents. Every day they are very busy trying to make money for my schooling. One day, my mother was sewing (缝) a quilt. I sat silently beside her. “Mom, is there love between you and Dad?” I asked in a very low voice. With surprise in her eyes, she stopped her work for a while. Then she said, “Susan, look at this thread (线). It can hardly be seen, but it’s really there. It makes the quilt strong. If life is a quilt, love should be a thread. Love is inside.” I couldn’t understand it until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly became seriously ill. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month. After they were back, my mother helped my father walk slowly along the country road every day. They were so kind to each other and it seemed they were the happiest couple. After two months, my father still couldn’t walk by himself. “Dad, how are you feeling now?” I asked him one day. “Susan, don’t worry about me,” he said. “I just like walking with your mom. I like this kind of life.” Reading his eyes, I knew he loved my mother deeply. Now I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．What are Susan’s parents busy doing every day? ______________________________________________ 2．How long did Susan’s father stay in the hospital? _______________________________________________ 3．Where did Susan’s parents walk after they were back from the hospital? ________________________________________________ 4．How did the father feel about his life after he was ill? ______________________________________________ 5．What can we learn about love from the passage? _______________________________________________ 【答案】1．They are busy making money for Susan’s schooling. 2．For one /a month. 3．Along the country road. 4．He felt happy about his life. 5．Love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. /Love is inside, making life strong and warm. 【详解】本文主要讲述苏珊没有理解父母之间的爱，但通过父亲大病时母亲每天的悉心照料，使苏珊明白，爱情就像是生活中被子里的一根线。爱就在里面，使生活变得坚固而温暖。 1．根据“Every day they are very busy trying to make money for my schooling”可知父母在拼命赚钱为自己交学费。故填They are busy making money for Susan’s schooling. 2．根据“My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month.”可知母亲在医院照顾父亲的时间为一个月。故填For one /a month. 3．根据“After they were back, my mother helped my father walk slowly along the country road every day.”可知他们回来后，母亲每天都扶着父亲沿着乡间小路慢慢地走。故填Along the country road. 4．根据“‘Susan, don’t worry about me,’ he said. ‘I just like walking with your mom. I like this kind of life.’”可知父亲喜欢和妈妈一起散步，喜欢这样的生活。故填He felt happy about his life. 5．根据“Now I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm.”可知现在“我”明白了，爱只是我们生活中被子里的一根线。爱是内在的，它让生活变得强大而温暖。故填Love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. /Love is inside, making life strong and warm. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $