内容正文:
重点语法分类练习题
【语法考点一】名词变复数 【语法考点二】人称代词与物主代词
【语法考点三】Be动词用法 【语法考点四】“Have/Has”用法
【语法考点一】名词变复数
· 规则变化:
表示“一个人/事物”用名词单数,如“a book”;表示“两个及以上人/事物”用名词复数,多数名词复数在词尾加“s”,如“book→books”,“pencil→pencils”。
· 一般情况加 -s
1.大部分名词复数形式直接在其原形后加 -s,如 book → books、pen → pens。
2.以 s/x/sh/ch 结尾加 -es
如 box → boxes、bus → buses,读音为 /iz/。
3.以辅音+y 结尾的名词
将 y 改为 i 再加 -es,如 candy → candies,而元音+y 结尾的名词直接加 -s(如 story → stories)。
4.以 o 结尾的名词
有生命的加 -es(如 tomato → tomatoes),无生命的加 -s(如 photo → photos)。
5.以 f/fe 结尾的名词
通常去掉 f/fe 加 -ves(如 leaf → leaves),但部分例外(如 belief → beliefs)。
· 不规则变化
单复数同形:如 deer → deer、fish → fish(无复数形式)
特殊变化:如 child → children、foot → feet、tooth → teeth。
其他注意事项
专有名词或特定场景
如 Henry → Henrys(专有名词),two meters → two metres(公制单位)。
· 不可数名词
如 hair → hair(无复数形式,需用描述性短语表达复数概念)。
考点精练
一、单选题。
( ) 1. I have three ______ in my pencil case.
A. pencil B. pencils C. pencil’s
( ) 2. There are two ______ on the desk.
A. notebook B. notebooks C. notebookes
( ) 3. Li Tao has ______eraser in her pencil case.
A. an B. a C. two
( ) 4. Hi,mum!They are my classmates. They are _______.
A. twins B. a twins C. twin
( ) 5. I have eight_______and nine pens.
A. A ruler B. rulers C. ruler
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
6. My mother has one ______ (schoolbag).
7. We have five ______ (pen) in our schoolbags.
8. There are three ______ (eraser) on the desk.
9.In my schoolbag, I have two_________(notebook)and five_______(book).
10.Wang Shiyao has two_______ ________(twin sister).
【语法考点二】
人称代词与物主代词
一、概念
人称代词:指代人或事物,主格(作主语)如“I(我)、he(他)、she(她)”,宾格(作宾语)如“me(我)、him(他)、her(她)”。
物主代词:表示“某人的”,后接名词,如“my(我的)、your(你的)、his(他的)、her(她的)”。
· 主格在句中作主语或表语,通常位于句首及be动词、实义动词之前,如I like music;宾格则作动词或介词的宾语,如I saw him at the party。多个代词并列时,单数按“第二、第三、第一”人称排列,复数按“第一、第二、第三”顺序排列。
· 口语中主格作表语时可替换为宾格(如It's me),比较句或强调句中主格与宾格可通用(如He sings better than me/I)。
考点精练
1、 单选题。
( ) 1. ______ am Li Wenbo. ______ bag is blue.
A. I; My B. My; I C. Me; My
( ) 2. This is Wang Shiyao. ______ is my classmate. I like ______.
A. She; her B. Her; she C. She; she
( ) 3.This is my brother._______father is my uncle.
A.He B.His C.Her
( ) 4.What’s________name?
A. You B.your C.My
( ) 5.What do you have in______schoolbag?
A. My B.your C.you
二、 用括号内单词的适当形式填空。
6. ______ (I) father is a teacher. ______ (he) likes reading.
7. —Is this ______ (you) pencil?
—Yes, it’s ______ (I).
8. This is Joy. ______ (she) notebook is new. I often play with ______ (she).
9. My father is a doctor._____(he)likes his job very much.
10.This is ______(I)school._______is very big and beautiful.
三、【新情境·思维拓展】下面是Li Wenbo的自我介绍,选择正确的单词填空,将短文补充完整。
Hello!11.______am Li Wenbo.My family name is Li, Wenbo is12.______given name.I am eight years old.I’m in Class one,Grade Two.This is 13.____schoolbag.There are many books in it.And there is a nice notebook,14.______is my favourite one. I have a brother. 15.______is two years older than16.______. And I have a little sister. 17._______mother is my aunt. We often play together.I you
my your he his
she her
it me
11._______ 12.________ 13.________ 14._______ 15._________ 16._______ 17._______
【语法考点三】Be动词用法
一、概念
be动词是英语中表示存在、状态或属性的特殊动词,包含is、am、are、was、were、being、been等多种形式,本册书前三个单元涉及最多的是is am are。根据主语人称、数和时态变化形态。以下是其主要用法
· Be动词有三种形式:“am”“is”“are”,根据主语选择:
- 主语是“I”时用“am”(I am...);
- 主语是单数名词或“he/she/it”时用“is”(He is... / The book is...);
- 主语是复数名词或“we/you/they”时用“are”(They are... / The books are...)。
· 口诀:
单数is,复数are,变化一定要就近。
二、疑问句与否定句
疑问句:Is she a doctor? Yes, she is.
否定句:They aren’t students
二、缩写形式
缩写规则为"am+not"仅保留"isn't",如:He isn't right.
考点精练
1、 选择题。
( ) 1. I ______ in Class 2. My friend ______ in Class 3.
A. am; is B. is; am C. are; is
( ) 2. These ______ my pencils. That ______ your ruler.
A. are; is B. is; are C. are; are
( ) 3.There_______three schoolbags on the desk. Which one is yours?
A. Is B.are C.am
( ) 4.Dad! He______my classmate.His name ______Li Wenbo.
A. Is;is B.is;is C. is ;are
( ) 5.How______you?
A.is B.am C.are
二、用“am/is/are”填空。
6. This ______ a schoolbag. It ______ black.
7. We ______ good friends. Our classroom ______ big.
8. —______ you James?
—Yes, I ______. And this ______ my sister.
9.—_______this your eraser?
—No,it ______not.
10.There______three pencils and one eraser.
【语法考点四】Have/Has”用法
· 一、概念
· “have/has”表示“有”,主语是第一人称(I/we)、第二人称(you)或复数名词时用“have”;主语是第三人称单数(he/she/it或单数名词)时用“has”。
· 表格对比
对比
have
has
发音
1.aux已经
2.vt.有;吃;得到;从事;允许
3.n.(常用复数)富人,有钱人
v.有;吃;得到;从事;雇用;享有(have的第三人称单数)
含义
英 [həv]
美 [həv]
英[həz]
美[həz]
用法
Have用于第一人称、第二人称和第三人称复数
has用于第三人称单数的主语
· 记忆口诀
你有我有大家有用have,她他它用has;
变更一般问句,把助动词do或does放开头。
does和has不碰面,碰面就有错误现。
变为否定也不难,don’t、doesn’t放在have 前。
考点精练
一、选择题。
( ) 1. I ______ a new pencil case. My brother ______ a new ruler.
A. have; has B. has; have C. have; have
( ) 2. —______ Wang Shiyue ______ a notebook?
—Yes, she does.
A. Do; have B. Does; have C. Does; has
( ) 3.He______a brother and two sisters in his family.
A. Have B.have C.has
( ) 4.—What’s in your hand?
—I _____ a pencil case.
A.have B.are C. has
( ) 5.This is my Chinese teacher. She ______black hair and big eyes.
A.is B.have C. has
二、 用“have/has”填空。
6. My father ______ a pen. He ______ no pencils.
7. We ______ three books each. Our teacher ______ one big book.
8. This is my cousin. He ______ a toy car. I ______ a toy bear too.
9.I________an English teacher. She______small eyes .
10.This is my little cat. It_____beautiful curly fur.
三、句型转换。
11.I am a student . (改否定句)
12.There are many pencils in my pencil case. (改为一般疑问句)
13.It’s a pencil in my hand. (画线部分提问)
14.My name is Li Wenbo. (画线部分提问)
15.I have a brother and a sister.(改为一般疑问句)
参考答案
第 1 页 共 13 页
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
【语法考点一】名词单复数
1.B
2.B
3.A
4.A
5.B
6.schoolbag
7.pens
8.erasers
9.notebooks; books
10.twin sisters
【语法考点二】人称代词和物主代词
1.A
2.A
3.B
4.B
5.B
6.My ;He
7.your;mine
8.Her; her
9.He
10.My; It
11.I
12.my
13.my
14.it
15.He
16.me
17.Her
【语法考点三】be动词
1.A
2.A
3.B
4.B
5.C
6.is; is
7.are; is
8.Are; am; is
9.Is; is
10.are
【语法考点四】Have/Has”用法
1.A
2.C
3.C
4.A
5.C
6.has ;has
7. have;has
8. has ;have
9. have;has
10.has
11.I am not a student.
12.Are there any pencils in my pencil case?
13.What’s in your hand?
14.What’s your name?
15.Do you have a brother and a sister?
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