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编写说明:2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》以《英语 基础模块1》(外研版)教材Welcome—2单元内容为基准,精准覆盖核心考点,并紧密贴合职教高考真题题型,包括复习讲义和模拟卷在内的4份资源,其中三份模拟卷分别提供了A3版与A4版,旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期中复习解决方案。
本专题是2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》(外研版)的第1份资源,内容为期中复习讲义。
2025-2026学年高一上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》
期中复习讲义
目录
明·期中考情································1
记·必考知识································2
知识点01 单元重点词汇···························2
知识点02 单元重点语法···························6
知识点03 单元主题····························20
练·10分钟·································3
知识点01·································3
知识点02································16
知识点03································23
破·提高题型································26
本次考试范围为《英语 基础模块1》(外研版)Unit Welcome—2,考试内容为这三个单元的词汇短语已经重要知识点,包括话题和语法结构。题型为标准的高考题型,总共七个大题,分值为100分,时间90分钟,
考试复习范围:《英语 基础模块1》(外研版)Unit Welcome~2
核心考点
复习目标
考情规律
重点词汇和短语
能够进行词义辨析、词性转换、单词辨音、同义反义匹配,固定短语搭配
高频易错点,容易忽视
一般现在时
掌握一般现在时的句型、三单变形
基础必考点,常出现在选择题、句型转换
一般过去时
掌握一般过去时的句型、三单变形
基础必考点,常出现在选择题、句型转换
主谓一致
掌握主谓一致的含义及三单和复数形式变化
基础必考点,常出现在选择题、句型转换
个人情况介绍、学校生活介绍、学科介绍、个人爱好、人际交往
了解介绍个人情况、学校生活、学科、个人爱好、人际交往的词汇、句型
常考主题,常出现在语篇题、写作题
知识点01 单元重点词汇
1. expression 词组
2. discuss 讨论
3. tip 建议
4. carefully 小心地
5. confidently 自信地
6. major 专业
7. forecast 预报
8. congratulation 恭喜
9. dormitory 寝室
10. nursing 护理技巧
11. mechanical机械的
12. skill-training技能训练
13. workshop车间
14. operate 操作
15. e-commerce 电子商务
16. patient 病人
17. cookery 烹饪法
18. practical 实际的
19. field 领域
20. performance表演
21. assistant 助理
22. oral口头的
23. taste 品尝
24. knowledgeable 知识渊博的
25. experienced 经验丰富的
26. talent才能
27. join参加
28. introduce 介绍
29. hometown家乡
30. once 曾经
31. subject 科目
32. challenging 有挑战性的
33. volunteer志愿者
34. humorous 幽默的
35. down不开心的;伤心的
36. bother (使)担心;(使)苦恼
37. pressure 压力
38. issue 问题
39. apology 道歉
40. forgive原谅
41. close亲密的
42. patient 耐心的
43. considerate为其他人考虑的;考虑周到的
44. comfort 安慰;抚慰
45. fault 责任;过错
46. respect 尊重
47. argument 争论;争吵
48. topic 话题
49. detail细节
50. regularly 经常地;定期地
51. recognize 认出;认识
52. gifted 有才华的
53. exam考试
54. program design程序设计
55. vocational school职业学校
56. tour guide 导游
57. look forward to 期待
58. be crazy about 对着迷
59. public relations公共关系
60. take photos 照相
61. be fond of对.....感兴趣
62. shout at 冲某人大声城叫
63. get along 相处融治
64. In common 共同的
65. quarrel with 与某人争吵
66. pay attention to 注意
67. rather than不是......而是
68. hang out 闲逛
69. bond with 与....养一种特珠关系
70. in one's free tmie 在某人的空闲时间
71. go camping 去露营
72. be similar to 相似
73. the final exam 期末考试
74. in anger 愤怒
75. make an apology道歉
76. primary school 小学
第一部分:单词与中文意思匹配
请将左列的英文单词与右列的中文意思连接起来。
第一组
expression
A. 小心地
discuss
B. 自信地
tip
C. 讨论
carefully
D. 词组
confidently
E. 建议
forecast
A. 恭喜
congratulation
B. 预报
dormitory
C. 护理技巧
nursing
D. 寝室
operate
E. 操作
第二组
【答案】
第一组: 1-D, 2-C, 3-E, 4-A, 5-B
第二组: 6-B, 7-A, 8-D, 9-C, 10-E
第二部分:选择正确的单词完成句子
从方框中选择合适的单词,填入句子的空白处。
talent
issue
introduce
hometown
similar
forgive
topic
down
oral
field
1.Can you __________ yourself to the class?
2.I'm feeling a bit __________ today because I failed my exam.
3.Her __________ is music; she can play three instruments very well.
4.The main __________ of our discussion today is environmental
protection.
5.Please forgive me for my mistake. I promise it won't happen again.
6.We need to have an __________ exam as part of our English test.
7.What is the most serious __________ your company is facing?
8.My new dress is __________ to yours!
9.He is a well-known expert in the __________ of artificial intelligence.
10.I love my __________; it's a small but beautiful city.
【答案】:1. introduce, 2. down, 3. talent, 4. topic, 5. forgive, 6. oral, 7. issue, 8. similar, 9. field, 10. hometown
第三部分:短语与应用
A. 请将左列的短语与右列的中文意思连接起来。
look forward to
A. 相处融洽
be crazy about
B. 对着迷
take photos
C. 期待
be fond of
D. 对...感兴趣
get along
E. 照相
make an apology
F. 道歉
B. 选择一个正确的短语完成句子。(注意使用正确形式)
1.I really ___________________ playing basketball. It's my favorite sport.
(be fond of / be similar to)
2.We should ___________________ to her for being late. (make an apology /
get along)
【答案】
A: 1-C, 2-B, 3-E, 4-D, 5-A, 6-F
B: 1. am fond of, 2. make an apology
知识点02 单元重点语法
一、一般现在时
一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或状态。
分类
结构
例句
含有be动词(表示存在的状态)
肯定句
主语 + am/is/are + …
I am happy today.
我今天很开心。
否定句
主语 + am/is/are + not + …
He is not at home.
他不在家。
一般疑问句
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + … ?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + am/is/are.
否定回答:No, 主语 + am/is/are + not.
Are you hungry?
你饿了吗?
→ Yes, I am. / No, I am not.
表示经常发生的动作(含有实义动词)
肯定句
主语 + 动词(原形/三单形式) + …
You study hard.
你学习很努力。
否定句
主语 + don’t/doesn’t + 动词原形 + …
We don’t have class on Sunday.
我们周日没课。
一般疑问句
Do/Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ?
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + do/does.
否定回答:No, 主语 + don’t/doesn’t.
Do you live in Shanghai?
你住在上海吗?
→ Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
标志词
1.every系列
2.频度副词系列:always、usually、often、sometimes、seldom、hardly、never
动词第三人称单数的变化规则
规则
例句
一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s
play → plays 玩
work → works工作
live → lives居住
like → likes喜欢
以ch, sh, s, x或o结尾的动词,在后面加-es
watch → watches观看
teach → teaches教
wash → washes洗
brush → brushes刷
以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,变y为i再加-es
study → studies学习
carry → carries携带
fly → flies飞
try → tries尝试
特殊变化单独记
have → has有
be → is是
主语视为第三人称单数的情况
情况
例句
人称代词he、she、it
He plays football every day.他每天踢足球。
She works in a hospital.她在医院工作。
单个人名、地名或称呼
Tom likes reading books.汤姆喜欢读书。
Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。
可数名词单数
The cat sleeps on the sofa.猫在沙发上睡觉。
A bird flies in the sky.一只鸟在天空中飞。
不定代词
Everyone is here.所有人都到齐了。
Something is wrong with my bike.我的自行车出了点问题。
指示代词
This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。
That looks interesting.那个看起来很有趣。
不可数名词
Water boils at 100℃.水在 100℃沸腾。
Music makes me happy.音乐让我开心。
单个数字或字母
Five is an odd number.5 是奇数。
“A” is the first letter.“A” 是第一个字母。
一般现在时的用法
用法
例句
表示现状、性质、状态和经常发生的动作、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。常用时间状语有 often, usually, as usual, sometimes, every day, always, once a week 等。
She often reads books before bedtime.
她经常睡前读书。
They walk to school every day.
他们每天步行上学。
He always drinks coffee in the morning.
他早上总是喝咖啡。
表示目前的特征、性格、个性和能力等
Mary speaks three languages.
玛丽会说三种语言。
表示永恒的真理、定理、定律、格言和客观事实
The earth revolves around the sun.
地球绕太阳公转。
Water freezes at 0℃.
水在 0 摄氏度结冰。
Honesty is the best policy.
诚实为上策。
here, there, up, down, out, in, often, off, away等词放在句首构成倒装句,表示现在正在进行的动作或状态
Here comes the bus!公交车来了!
There goes the bell.铃响了。
Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句是一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时(主将从现)
I will call you when he arrives.
他到了我就给你打电话。
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。
She will finish the work before her mother comes back.
她会在妈妈回来前完成工作。
时间表、时刻表、日程表、节目、课程表等按计划、安排或者规定将要发生的动作,用一般现在时,只限于 go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come, finish, continue 等动词
The train leaves at 8:00 a.m.
火车早上 8 点发车。
The class starts at 9:30.
课程 9:30 开始。
宣布、声明、报道某事或介绍书籍、电影、戏剧、比赛等情节时
The news says the storm is moving north.
新闻报道暴风雨正在向北移动。
The book tells a story about friendship.
这本书讲述了一个关于友谊的故事。
二、一般过去时
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
分类
结构
例句
含有 be 动词(表示过去的状态)
肯定句
主语 + was/were + …
He was a student two years ago.他两年前是一名学生。
否定句
主语 + was/were + not + …
They were not late for the meeting.他们开会没有迟到。
一般疑问句
Was/Were + 主语 + … ?肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + was/were.否定回答:No, 主语 + was/were + not.
Were you in the park yesterday?你昨天在公园吗?→ Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.
表示过去发生的动作(含有实义动词)
肯定句
主语 + 动词过去式 + …
She visited her grandparents last weekend.她上周末去看望了祖父母。
否定句
主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + …
We didn’t watch TV last night.我们昨晚没看电视。
一般疑问句
Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + … ?肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + did.否定回答:No, 主语 + didn’t.
Did he finish his homework yesterday?他昨天完成作业了吗?→ Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
标志词
具体时间点:yesterday(昨天)、yesterday morning/afternoon/evening(昨天上午 / 下午 / 晚上)、the day before yesterday(前天)
时间段 + ago:three days ago(三天前)、two weeks ago(两周前)、five years ago(五年前)
过去的年份 / 月份:in 2020(在 2020 年)、in March last year(在去年三月)
过去的事件背景:last week(上周)、last month(上个月)、last year(去年)、at that time(在那时)、just now(刚才)
动词过去式的变化规则
规则
例句
一般情况下,动词后面直接加 - ed
work → worked(工作)play → played(玩)watch → watched(观看)clean → cleaned(打扫)
以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,直接加 - d
live → lived(居住)like → liked(喜欢)love → loved(爱)use → used(使用)
以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词,变 y 为 i 再加 - ed
study → studied(学习)carry → carried(携带)worry → worried(担心)cry → cried(哭)
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写末尾的辅音字母再加 - ed
stop → stopped(停止)plan → planned(计划)shop → shopped(购物)drop → dropped(掉落)
特殊变化单独记
be → was/were(是)have → had(有)do → did(做)go → went(去)eat → ate(吃)see → saw(看见)take → took(拿)write → wrote(写)
一般过去时的用法
用法
例句
表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与 yesterday、last week、three days ago 等明确的过去时间状语连用
He bought a new phone yesterday.他昨天买了一部新手机。There was a small park near my home five years ago.五年前我家附近有一个小公园。
表示过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的动作,可与 often、usually、always 等频度副词连用(此时也可用 “used to + 动词原形” 表达,侧重 “过去常做而现在不做”)
When she was in primary school, she often walked to school.她上小学时,经常步行去上学。He usually played basketball with his friends on weekends last year.去年他周末通常和朋友们打篮球。
表示过去某个时间段内持续存在的状态
She lived in Beijing for three years before she moved to Shanghai.在搬到上海之前,她在北京住了三年。The weather was cold and rainy all last week.上周整整一周天气都又冷又下雨。
用于描述过去发生的一系列连续动作,动作之间用 and、then 等连接,时态保持一致
I woke up at 7 a.m. this morning, washed my face, brushed my teeth, and then ate breakfast.我今天早上 7 点醒来,洗了脸、刷了牙,然后吃了早餐。He walked into the room, turned on the light, and took out a book from his bag.他走进房间,打开灯,从包里拿出一本书。
用于虚拟语气中,表示与现在事实相反的假设(常用 “If + 主语 + 动词过去式,主语 + would/could/might + 动词原形” 结构)
If I had more time yesterday, I would have helped you.如果昨天我有更多时间,我就会帮你了。If he knew the answer, he would tell us.(此处 knew 为过去式,表虚拟)如果他知道答案,他会告诉我们的。
用于故事、传记、历史事件等叙述中,描述过去发生的情节或过程
Last summer, I went to a small village with my family. The village was quiet and beautiful. We picked fruits in the orchard, swam in the river, and enjoyed delicious local food every day.去年夏天,我和家人去了一个小村庄。那个村庄安静又漂亮,我们每天在果园摘水果、在河里游泳,还品尝美味的当地食物。Edison invented the light bulb in 1879.爱迪生在 1879 年发明了电灯泡。
用于 “it is time + 主语 + 动词过去式” 结构中,表示 “该做某事了”(此处过去式表虚拟,不表过去)
It is time we went to bed.我们该睡觉了。It is time you finished your homework.你该完成作业了。
三、主谓一致
主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语动词在人称、数上保持匹配,即主语是单数形式时,谓语动词也用单数形式;主语是复数形式时,谓语动词也用复数形式,核心原则是 “主语决定谓语”。
一、主谓一致的核心分类与结构
分类
核心规则
肯定句结构
例句
1. 单数主语 + 单数谓语
主语为第三人称单数(如 he/she/it、单数名词、不可数名词等)时,谓语动词用单数形式(动词原形加 - s/es,be 动词用 is/was)
主语(单数) + 谓语(单数形式) + …
- He plays basketball every day.(他每天打篮球。)- The book is very interesting.(这本书很有趣。)- Water boils at 100℃.(水在 100℃沸腾。)
2. 复数主语 + 复数谓语
主语为复数(如 they/we、复数名词等)时,谓语动词用复数形式(动词用原形,be 动词用 are/were)
主语(复数) + 谓语(复数形式) + …
- They play basketball every day.(他们每天打篮球。)- These books are very interesting.(这些书很有趣。)- The students study hard.(学生们学习很努力。)
3. 否定句结构
单数主语:主语 + doesn’t/isn’t/wasn’t + 动词原形 / 表语复数主语:主语 + don’t/aren’t/were’t + 动词原形 / 表语
主语 + 否定词(don’t/doesn’t 等) + 动词原形 + …
- He doesn’t play basketball on Sundays.(他周日不打篮球。)- The book isn’t boring.(这本书不无聊。)- They don’t play basketball on Sundays.(他们周日不打篮球。)- These books aren’t boring.(这些书不无聊。)
4. 一般疑问句结构
单数主语:Does/Is/Was + 主语 + 动词原形 / 表语?复数主语:Do/Are/Were + 主语 + 动词原形 / 表语?回答:肯定用 “Yes, 主语 + 助动词 /be 动词”;否定用 “No, 主语 + 否定助动词 /be 动词”
助动词(Do/Does 等) + 主语 + 动词原形 + …?
- Does he play basketball every day?→ Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.(他每天打篮球吗?是的,他打。/ 不,他不打。)- Are these books interesting?→ Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.(这些书有趣吗?是的,有趣。/ 不,没趣。)
二、常见特殊主语的主谓一致规则
主谓一致的难点在于 “特殊主语” 的判断,需根据主语的 “实际含义” 而非 “形式” 确定谓语单复数,以下是高频特殊情况:
特殊主语类型
规则
例句
1. 并列主语(A and B)
- 一般情况:A 和 B 为不同事物时,谓语用复数;- 特殊情况:A 和 B 指 “同一人、同一事物或固定搭配” 时,谓语用单数(如 knife and fork 刀叉、bread and butter 黄油面包)
- Tom and Mary are good friends.(汤姆和玛丽是好朋友。)- The writer and singer is coming.(这位作家兼歌手要来。)- A knife and fork is used for eating Western food.(刀叉用于吃西餐。)
2. 不定代词作主语
- 表 “单数含义” 的不定代词(everyone, everyone, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, something, nothing 等):谓语用单数;- 表 “复数含义” 的不定代词(both, few, many, several 等):谓语用复数;- 表 “不确定” 的不定代词(all, some, any, none):根据指代内容的单复数判断
- Everyone is here today.(今天所有人都到了。)- Both of them like reading.(他们俩都喜欢读书。)- All the water is gone.(所有水都没了。)- All the books are gone.(所有书都没了。)
3. 集体名词作主语
- 强调 “整体” 时,谓语用单数(如 family, class, team, group 等);- 强调 “成员个体” 时,谓语用复数
- My family is a big one.(我家是个大家庭。)- My family are all watching TV now.(我的家人正在看电视。)- The class has 40 students.(这个班有 40 名学生。)- The class are discussing a problem.(全班正在讨论一个问题。)
4. 不可数名词 / 抽象名词作主语
不可数名词(water, rice, money)、抽象名词(love, happiness, health)作主语时,谓语用单数;若不可数名词前有 “a pair of, a piece of” 等修饰,谓语单复数由 “量词” 决定
- Money isn’t everything.(钱不是万能的。)- Happiness is important for everyone.(幸福对每个人都很重要。)- A piece of news is interesting.(一条新闻很有趣。)- Two pieces of news are interesting.(两条新闻很有趣。)
5. 单数名词 + 介词短语作主语
主语后接 “with, together with, along with, as well as, except, besides” 等介词短语时,谓语单复数由 “前面的主语” 决定(介词短语不影响主语的数)
- Tom, together with his friends, plays basketball every day.(汤姆和他的朋友每天打篮球。)- The teacher, as well as the students, is excited about the trip.(老师和学生都对这次旅行很兴奋。)- Everyone except Li Ming is here.(除了李明,所有人都到了。)
6. “the + 形容词” 作主语
表示 “一类人”(如 the poor 穷人、the old 老人)时,谓语用复数;表示 “一类事物或抽象概念”(如 the beautiful 美丽、the difficult 困难)时,谓语用单数
- The poor need more help.(穷人需要更多帮助。)- The old are taken good care of in this country.(在这个国家,老人得到很好的照顾。)- The beautiful is not always the useful.(美丽的东西不一定有用。)
7. 数字、时间、距离、金钱作主语
表示 “整体数量” 时,谓语用单数;若强调 “个体构成”,可接复数谓语(日常中多按单数处理)
- Ten years is a long time.(十年是很长的一段时间。)- Five hundred yuan is enough for this book.(500 元买这本书够了。)- Two kilometers is not far to walk.(步行两公里不远。)
三、主谓一致的典型易错点提醒
“one of + 复数名词” 作主语:核心主语是 “one”,谓语用单数;若后面接定语从句,从句谓语由 “复数名词” 决定(如 One of the students is from Beijing. 其中一名学生来自北京;One of the students who are from Beijing won the prize. 来自北京的学生中有一人获奖)。
“there be” 句型:遵循 “就近原则”,即谓语单复数由 “靠近 be 动词的主语” 决定(如 There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本书和两支笔;There are two pens and a book on the desk. 桌上有两支笔和一本书)。
学科名词(如 maths, physics, politics):形式上是复数,实际表示 “一门学科”,谓语用单数(如 Maths is my favorite subject. 数学是我最喜欢的科目)。
一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.He usually ______ (walk) to school, but he ______ (take) a bus yesterday because it rained.
2.My mother ______ (cook) dinner every evening. Last night, she ______ (make) tomato noodles.
3.Time ______ (fly) fast. Ten years ______ (be) a short time for our life.
4.Everyone in my class ______ (like) English. Last week, we ______ (have) an English party.
5.The earth ______ (go) around the sun. This fact ______ (be) a truth for thousands of years.
二、单项选择题
6.— ______ you ______ (visit) your grandparents last weekend?— No, I ______. I stayed at home and did homework.
A. Do; visit; don’t B. Did; visit; didn’t C. Will; visit; won’t
7. My family ______ a big dinner together every Spring Festival. Last year, we ______ it at my uncle’s house.
A. have; had B. has; have C. had; have
8.A pair of shoes ______ on the floor. Where ______ my shoes?
A. is; are B. are; is C. is; is
9.Tom, together with his friends, ______ basketball every afternoon. They ______ a match last Saturday.
A. play; have B. plays; had C. plays; have
10.— What ______ the weather like yesterday?— It ______ sunny and warm.
A. is; is B. was; was C. was; is
11.The old ______ taken good care of in our community. Last month, the community ______ a party for them.
A. are; hold B. is; held C. are; held
三、判断句子正误,对的打 “√”,错的打 “×” 并改正
12.She don’t like apples. She preferred bananas when she was a child.( )改正:________________________________________________
13.There are a book and two pens on the desk. I put them here this morning.( )改正:________________________________________________
14.My brother often watch TV after dinner. Yesterday, he watch a football match.( )改正:________________________________________________
15.Maths are my favorite subject. I got an A in the maths exam last term.( )改正:________________________________________________
16.He is late for school today. He was also late yesterday.( )改正:________________________________________________
四、按要求改写句子
17.They often play football in the park.(改为一般过去时,时间状语改为 “last Sunday”)
________________________________________________
18.The students will have a picnic if it is fine tomorrow.(用 “yesterday” 改写,保持逻辑通顺)
________________________________________________
19.Tom’s family is a happy one. They usually go on trips in summer.(合并句子,用 “and” 连接,体现主谓一致)
________________________________________________
【答案】
1.walks; took
第一空:He 为第三人称单数,用一般现在时 → walks
第二空:yesterday 表明过去时 → took
2.cooks; made
第一空:every evening 表示习惯性动作 → cooks
第二空:last night 表明过去时 → made
3.flies; is
第一空:客观事实用一般现在时 → flies
第二空:ten years 作为整体概念 → is
4.likes; had
第一空:everyone 作主语用单数 → likes
第二空:last week 表明过去时 → had
5.goes; is
第一空:客观事实用一般现在时 → goes
第二空:事实真理用一般现在时 → is
6.B. Did; visit; didn't
last weekend 表明过去时,用 did 提问
7.A. have; had
第一空:every Spring Festival 表示习惯 → have
第二空:last year 表明过去时 → had
8.A. is; are
第一空:a pair of shoes 作主语用单数 → is
第二空:shoes 为复数 → are
9.B. plays; had
第一空:together with 不影响主语数,Tom 为单数 → plays
第二空:last Saturday 表明过去时 → had
10.B. was; was
yesterday 表明过去时,weather 不可数 → was
11.C. are; held
第一空:the old 表示一类人,用复数 → are
第二空:last month 表明过去时 → held
12.× 改正:She doesn't like apples. She preferred bananas when she was a child.
原因:第三人称单数否定用 doesn't
13.× 改正:There is a book and two pens on the desk. I put them here this morning.
原因:there be 句型就近原则,靠近的是 a book
14.× 改正:My brother often watches TV after dinner. Yesterday, he watched a football match.
原因:第三人称单数现在时加 es;过去时用 watched
15.× 改正:Maths is my favorite subject. I got an A in the maths exam last term.
原因:学科名词 maths 视为单数
16.√ 正确:一般现在时与一般过去时的正确使用
17.They played football in the park last Sunday.
解析:将一般现在时改为一般过去时,动词 play→played,时间状语改为 last Sunday
18.The students had a picnic because it was fine yesterday.
解析:将将来时条件句改为过去时陈述句,用 because 连接原因
19.Tom's family is a happy one, and they usually go on trips in summer.
解析:用 and 连接两个句子,family 作为整体用 is,指成员时用 they go 保持一致
知识点03
1. 个人情况介绍 (Personal Introduction)
这部分重点是清晰、有条理地展示基本信息和个人特质。
核心词汇:
基本信息:name (名字), age (年龄), birthday (生日), hometown (家乡), address (地址), phone number (电话号码), email (邮箱)
个人特质:outgoing (外向的), responsible (有责任心的), hard-working (勤奋的), creative (有创造力的), patient (有耐心的)
常用句型:
My name is [Name], and I am [Age] years old.
I come from [Hometown], a beautiful city famous for [特色,如 food/scenery].
I think I am a (n) [个人特质] person because I always [举例,如 help others/finish tasks on time].
In my free time, I enjoy [爱好,如 reading/playing sports] which helps me [好处,如 relax/broaden my horizons].
2. 学校生活介绍 (School Life)
侧重描述日常学习节奏、校园活动和整体感受。
核心词汇:
校园设施:campus (校园), classroom (教室), library (图书馆), playground (操场), gym (体育馆), cafeteria (食堂)
学校活动:class meeting (班会), sports meeting (运动会), school party (校园派对), club activity (社团活动), exam (考试)
常用句型:
My school day usually starts at [Time] and ends at [Time].
During breaks, I often hang out with my friends in the [地点,如 playground/library] or have snacks in the cafeteria.
Last month, our school held a [活动,如 sports meeting], and I took part in the [项目,如 100-meter race], which was really exciting.
I love my school because the teachers are friendly and the students are very helpful.
3. 学科介绍 (Subject Introduction)
关键是说明学科内容、个人喜好及原因,体现对学科的理解。
核心词汇:
常见学科:Math (数学), English (英语), Chinese (语文), Physics (物理), Chemistry (化学), Biology (生物), History (历史), Geography (地理), Art (美术), Music (音乐)
学科相关:knowledge (知识), experiment (实验), essay (作文), formula (公式), grammar (语法), painting (绘画)
常用句型:
My favorite subject is [学科名称] because it is [特点,如 interesting/useful].
In [学科名称] class, we often do [活动,如 experiments/group discussions] which makes learning more fun.
I find [学科名称] a bit challenging, but I am trying my best to improve by [方法,如 doing more exercises/asking teachers for help].
[学科名称] teaches me a lot about [收获,如 how the world works/different cultures], which is very valuable.
4. 个人爱好 (Hobbies)
需具体说明爱好内容、频率和带来的乐趣或收获,避免笼统表述。
核心词汇:
兴趣类别:reading (阅读), listening to music (听音乐), playing the guitar (弹吉他), playing basketball (打篮球), cooking (烹饪), traveling (旅行), watching movies (看电影)
相关表达:relax (放松), enjoy (享受), spend time (花费时间), improve (提升), hobby (爱好), interest (兴趣)
常用句型:
One of my biggest hobbies is [爱好名称]. I usually do it [频率,如 every weekend/for an hour after school].
When I [做爱好,如 read books], I prefer [具体类型,如 science fiction novels/history books] because they [原因,如 tell interesting stories/teach me new things].
Playing [爱好,如 basketball] with my friends not only makes me healthy but also strengthens our friendship.
My hobby has helped me [收获,如 develop patience/become more confident] over time.
5. 人际交往 (Interpersonal Communication)
重点在于描述与不同人群的相处模式、沟通方式和社交技巧。
核心词汇:
人际关系:friend (朋友), classmate (同学), teacher (老师), family member (家人), neighbor (邻居), colleague (同事,适用于兼职场景)
沟通表达:talk (交谈), share (分享), help (帮助), understand (理解), support (支持), resolve conflicts (解决矛盾), get along with (与… 相处)
常用句型:
I get along well with my classmates because we often [互动,如 share our ideas/help each other with homework].
When I have problems, I usually talk to my [对象,如 best friend/parents], and they always give me [帮助,如 useful advice/encouragement].
To maintain good relationships, I think it is important to [技巧,如 listen carefully/be honest with others].
Last week, I had a small argument with my friend, but we talked it out and resolved the problem quickly.
一、单项选择
从 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最恰当的答案。
1.— Where do you ______ from?— I come from Shanghai.
A. is B. are C. come
2.My favorite ______ is Math because I like solving problems.
A. subject B. food C. sport
3.I usually ______ basketball with my friends on weekends.
A. play B. plays C. playing
4.We often have a ______ in our school every October.
A. birthday party B. sports meeting C. family trip
5.To get along well with others, we should ______ carefully when they talk.
A. listen B. watch C. read
二、选词填空
从方框中选择合适的单词,并用其正确形式填空(每词限用一次)。(hobby, outgoing, library)
6.Lucy is a(n) ______ girl. She likes making friends with new classmates.
7.My biggest ______ is reading. I spend an hour reading every evening.
8.After class, I often go to the ______ to borrow storybooks.
三、句子翻译
将下列中文句子翻译成英文,注意语法正确。
9.我的学校生活很有趣,因为我们有很多社团活动。
10.当我遇到困难时,我总是和最好的朋友分享。
一、单项选择
1. 答案:C
考查话题:个人情况介绍(家乡相关表达)
解析:题干中答句 “I come from Shanghai”(我来自上海)提示问句需询问 “来自哪里”,固定搭配为 “Where do you come from?”。选项 A(is)、B(are)均为 be 动词,若用 be 动词表达 “来自”,句型应为 “Where are you from?”,而题干中已有助动词 “do”,故 A、B 错误;选项 C(come)符合 “do + 主语 + 动词原形” 的一般现在时疑问句结构,正确。
2. 答案:A
考查话题:学科介绍(学科名称表达)
解析:题干后句 “Math(数学)” 是典型的学科名称,因此前句需表达 “最喜欢的学科”;选项 A(subject)意为 “学科”,符合语境;选项 B(food)意为 “食物”、C(sport)意为 “运动”,均与 “Math” 无关,故错误。
3. 答案:A
考查话题:个人爱好(爱好相关动作表达)
解析:题干主语为 “I”(第一人称),时态为一般现在时,谓语动词需用原形。选项 A(play)是动词原形,符合 “主语(第一人称)+ 动词原形 + 宾语” 的结构;选项 B(plays)用于第三人称单数(如 He/She plays),选项 C(playing)是现在分词,需搭配 be 动词(如 is playing),均不符合题干结构,故错误。
4. 答案:B
考查话题:学校生活介绍(校园活动表达)
解析:题干中 “in our school”(在我们学校)提示场景为校园,需选择校园常见活动。选项 A(birthday party,生日派对)通常为个人或家庭活动,选项 C(family trip,家庭旅行)是家庭场景活动,均与 “学校” 无关;选项 B(sports meeting,运动会)是学校常见活动,符合语境,正确。
5. 答案:A
考查话题:人际交往(沟通技巧表达)
解析:题干 “when they talk”(当他们说话时)提示需搭配 “倾听” 的动作,体现良好的沟通技巧。选项 A(listen)意为 “倾听”,“listen carefully”(认真倾听)是人际交往中的重要技巧,符合语境;选项 B(watch)意为 “观看”(侧重看动作),选项 C(read)意为 “阅读”(侧重看文字),均与 “说话时的互动” 无关,故错误。
二、选词填空
6. 答案:outgoing
考查话题:个人情况介绍(个人特质表达)
解析:后句 “She likes making friends with new classmates”(她喜欢和新同学交朋友)提示前句需描述 “外向的” 性格,“outgoing” 意为 “外向的”,符合 “喜欢交友” 的性格特征,且空前有不定冠词 “a (n)”,直接用形容词原形即可。
7. 答案:hobby
考查话题:个人爱好(爱好名称表达)
解析:后句 “reading”(阅读)是典型的爱好,前句需表达 “最大的爱好”,“hobby” 意为 “爱好”,且空前有 “my biggest”(我的最大的),用单数形式即可(若表多个爱好需用 “hobbies”,此处 “reading” 为单一爱好,故用单数)。
8. 答案:library
考查话题:学校生活介绍(校园设施表达)
解析:后句 “borrow storybooks”(借故事书)是图书馆的典型功能,“library” 意为 “图书馆”,且空前有定冠词 “the”,特指学校的图书馆,用单数形式即可。
三、句子翻译
9. 参考译文:My school life is very interesting because we have many club activities.
考查话题:学校生活介绍(校园活动 + 感受表达)
解析:核心结构:“我的学校生活”(My school life)+“很有趣”(is very interesting,主系表结构)+“因为”(because,引导原因状语从句)+“很多社团活动”(many club activities,“社团活动” 为 “club activities”,固定搭配);
10. 参考译文:When I have difficulties, I always share them with my best friend.
考查话题:人际交往(沟通互动表达)
解析:核心结构:“当我遇到困难时”(When I have difficulties,“困难” 常用 “difficulties” 复数形式表泛指)+“总是”(always,频度副词放实义动词前)+“和最好的朋友分享”(share them with my best friend,“分享(困难)” 需用代词 “them” 指代前文 “difficulties”,“和某人分享” 为 “share sth. with sb.” 固定搭配)
k题型一 单项选择题
解|题|技|巧
1. 考点定位法:先判断题目考查的是语法(如时态、非谓语、从句)、固定搭配还是词义辨析,再针对性分析。比如看到 “by + 过去时间”,直接锁定过去完成时。
2. 排除法:先排除明显错误的选项,缩小选择范围。例如选项中时态与题干时间状语矛盾、搭配不符合固定用法,可直接排除。
3. 语境分析法:对于考查语义或逻辑的题目,结合上下文判断情感、因果、转折等关系,避免仅看单个句子。
【典例 1】—Did you call Jenny yesterday?—I ______ her, but she didn’t answer the phone.
A. call B. called C. will call D. have called
【答案】B
【解析】第一步定位考点:考查时态。第二步找时间线索:题干中 “yesterday” 是过去时间标志,需用一般过去时。第三步排除选项:A 是一般现在时,C 是一般将来时,D 是现在完成时,均与 “yesterday” 矛盾,排除后选 B。
【变式 1】—Have you finished reading the book?—Not yet. I ______ it since last week.
A. read B. am reading C. have been reading D. will read
【答案】C
【解析】第一步定位考点:考查时态(现在完成进行时)。第二步找时间线索:“since last week” 表示 “从过去持续到现在的动作”,且动作仍在进行(“Not yet” 提示未完成),需用现在完成进行时。第三步排除选项:A 是一般现在时,B 是现在进行时(无持续含义),D 是一般将来时,均不符合 “since” 的用法,排除后选 C。
【典例 2】We should try our best ______ English well because it’s important.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned
【答案】C
【解析】第一步定位考点:考查固定搭配。第二步回忆搭配:“try one’s best to do sth” 是固定结构,意为 “尽某人最大努力做某事”,后接不定式 “to do”。第三步排除选项:A 是动词原形,B 是动名词,D 是过去式,均不符合搭配,排除后选 C。
【变式 2】My parents often encourage me ______ more sports in my free time.
A. play B. to play C. playing D. played
【答案】B
【解析】第一步定位考点:考查固定搭配。第二步回忆搭配:“encourage sb to do sth” 是固定结构,意为 “鼓励某人做某事”,后接不定式 “to do”。第三步排除选项:A 是动词原形,C 是动名词,D 是过去式,均不符合 “encourage” 的搭配规则,排除后选 B。
题型二 单词辨音
解|题|技|巧
1.字母组合定位法:优先关注题干中重复出现的字母或字母组合(如 “ea”“ough”“oo”),这些是发音差异的核心。例如题干选项均含 “ea”,直接对比其在不同单词中的发音(/iː//e//eɪ/)。
2.音标规则对照法:熟记常见发音规则,如 “oo” 在 “book” 中发 /ʊ/,在 “food” 中发 /uː/;“s” 在清辅音后发 /s/,在浊辅音后发 /z/,用规则直接判断选项。
3.排除法:先找出发音明显相同的 2-3 个选项,快速排除,再聚焦剩余选项的细微差异(如长短元音、清浊辅音)。
【典例 1】找出下列单词中画线部分发音不同的一项:A. tea B. read C. head D. meet
【答案】C
【解析】第一步定位关键字母组合:均为 “ea”。第二步对照发音规则:“ea” 常见发音为 /iː/ 或 /e/。第三步逐一判断:A. tea /tiː/、B. read /riːd/(原形)、D. meet /miːt/ 中 “ea” 均发 /iː/;C. head /hed/ 中 “ea” 发 /e/,发音不同,故选 C。
【变式 1】找出下列单词中画线部分发音不同的一项:A. meat B. great C. seat D. beat
【答案】B
【解析】第一步定位关键字母组合:均为 “ea”。第二步判断发音:A. meat /miːt/、C. seat /siːt/、D. beat /biːt/ 中 “ea” 发 /iː/;B. great /ɡreɪt/ 中 “ea” 发 /eɪ/,属于特殊发音,与其他三项不同,故选 B。
【典例 2】找出下列单词中画线部分发音不同的一项:A. book B. good C. look D. food
【答案】D【解析】第一步定位关键字母组合:均为 “oo”。第二步对照发音规则:“oo” 在短元音、辅音前常发 /ʊ/,在长元音或结尾时可能发 /uː/。第三步判断:A. book /bʊk/、B. good /ɡʊd/、C. look /lʊk/ 中 “oo” 均发 /ʊ/;D. food /fuːd/ 中 “oo” 发 /uː/,发音不同,故选 D。
【变式 2】找出下列单词中画线部分发音不同的一项:A. foot B. school C. cook D. hook
【答案】B【解析】第一步定位关键字母组合:均为 “oo”。第二步判断发音:A. foot /fʊt/、C. cook /kʊk/、D. hook /hʊk/ 中 “oo” 发 /ʊ/;B. school /skuːl/ 中 “oo” 发 /uː/,与其他三项不同,故选 B。
题型三 交际应用
解|题|技|巧
1.场景定位法:先明确对话发生的场景(如餐厅、医院、日常聊天),场景决定了常用的交际用语。例如餐厅场景会涉及 “order dishes”“pay the bill” 等表达。
2.功能匹配法:判断说话人的核心意图(如请求、感谢、道歉、建议),再选择功能对应的回应。比如对方说 “Thank you”,回应需匹配 “感谢的应答”(如 “You’re welcome”)。
3.文化契合度:避免用中文思维套英语表达,注意英语中的礼貌习惯和固定搭配。例如拒绝他人邀请时,需先委婉回应(如 “I’d love to, but…”),再说明理由,不直接说 “No”。
【典例 1】—Would you like to go to the movies with me this weekend?—______ I have to prepare for my English exam.
A. Yes, I’d love to. B. I’m afraid not. C. That’s a good idea. D. No, I won’t.
【答案】B
【解析】第一步定位场景:日常邀请场景。第二步判断功能:对方发出邀请,答句后接 “要准备英语考试”,说明需拒绝邀请。第三步匹配回应:A、C 是接受邀请,排除;D 直接说 “No”,语气生硬,不符合英语礼貌习惯;B“I’m afraid not”(恐怕不行)委婉拒绝,后接理由,符合交际逻辑,故选 B。
【变式 1】—Can you help me carry this heavy box to the classroom?—______ I’m on my way there now.
A. Sorry, I can’t. B. Never mind. C. With pleasure. D. It doesn’t matter.
【答案】C
【解析】第一步定位场景:日常求助场景。第二步判断功能:对方请求帮忙,答句后接 “我正在去那儿的路上”,说明愿意帮忙。第三步匹配回应:A 是拒绝,排除;B、D 用于回应道歉(如对方说 “Sorry”),功能不匹配;C “With pleasure”(乐意效劳)用于接受求助,符合语境,故选 C。
【典例 2】—My mother is ill in hospital. I feel so worried.—______ Hope she gets better soon.
A. That’s too bad. B. Congratulations! C. That’s great. D. Good luck!
【答案】A
【解析】第一步定位场景:分享坏消息的安慰场景。第二步判断功能:对方说 “妈妈生病住院,很担心”,需回应安慰。第三步匹配回应:B(祝贺)、C(太好了)、D(祝你好运)均与 “坏消息” 场景不符;A“That’s too bad”(太糟糕了)先共情,后接 “希望她早日康复”,符合安慰的交际逻辑,故选 A。
【变式 2】—I won first prize in the school English speech contest!—______ You practice so hard every day.
A. I’m sorry to hear that. B. Well done! C. It’s a pity. D. That’s nothing.
【答案】B
【解析】第一步定位场景:分享好消息的祝贺场景。第二步判断功能:对方说 “赢得英语演讲比赛一等奖”,需回应祝贺。第三步匹配回应:A(听到这个很遗憾)、C(真可惜)、D(没什么)均与 “好消息” 场景不符;B “Well done”(做得好)用于祝贺他人成就,后接 “你每天都努力练习”,符合逻辑,故选 B。
题型四 完形填空
解|题|技|巧
1.通读全文定主旨:先花 1-2 分钟读完全文,不纠结空格,重点抓人物、事件、情感走向(如 “帮助他人”“克服困难”),避免因局部理解错整体。
2.上下文找线索:这是最关键的技巧,答案往往藏在空格前后句中:
3.词汇复现:空格处的词可能是前文出现过的名词、动词(如前文提 “the old man”,后文空可能填 “him”);
4.逻辑关系:通过转折(but/however)、因果(so/because)、顺承(then/after that)判断词义(如前句 “sad”,后接 “but”,空可能填 “happy”)。
5.语法搭配补细节:若线索不明显,结合固定搭配(如 “make a decision”“be interested in”)和语法规则(时态、主谓一致)排除错误选项。
6.代入验证查通顺:填完后再读一遍,检查是否符合故事逻辑、情感一致,避免 “单句对但全文错”。
【典例 1】Last Sunday, I went to the park. When I walked near the lake, I saw an old man sitting on a bench. He looked sad, so I decided to talk to 1. ______.“I’m sorry to disturb you,” I said softly. The old man 2. ______ up and smiled. He told me he lost his pet dog. I listened carefully and encouraged him to look for it in the park. Finally, we found the dog under a tree. The old man was very 3. ______ and thanked me many times.
1.A. her B. him C. it D. them
2.A. looked B. stood C. turned D. woke
3.A. angry B. worried C. happy D. tired
【答案】1. B;2. A;3. C
【解析】
第一步找线索:前文明确提到 “an old man”(一位老人),空格处代指男性,需用宾格 “him”。第二步排除选项:A 代女性,C 代事物,D 代复数,均不匹配,故选 B。
第一步抓语境:前文 “我轻声说话”,后文 “smiled”(微笑),结合动作逻辑,老人应是 “抬起头” 回应。第二步看搭配:“look up” 是固定短语,意为 “抬头看”;“stand up”(站起来)、“turn up”(出现)、“wake up”(醒来)均不符合 “坐在长椅上回应” 的场景,故选 A。
第一步找逻辑:前文 “lost his pet dog”(丢了狗,难过),后文 “found the dog”(找到狗),情感应从 “难过” 转为 “开心”。第二步排除选项:A(生气)、B(担心)、D(疲惫)均与 “找到狗” 的结果矛盾,故选 C。
【变式 1】Yesterday, I forgot to take my English textbook to school. I was very worried because we had a test. My deskmate Lily noticed my problem. She 1. ______ said, “We can share my book.” I felt so warm when I heard her words. During the test, we sat close and read the book together. After the test, I said “Thank you” to her. She smiled 2. ______ and said, “That’s what friends are for.” Later, I bought a small gift for her to show my 3. ______.
1.A. loudly B. angrily C. warmly D. clearly
2.A. sadly B. friendly C. suddenly D. brightly
3.A. thanks B. sorry C. welcome D. goodbye
【答案】1. C;2. D;3. A
【解析】
第一步找线索:后文 “I felt so warm”(感到温暖)提示 Lily 的语气是友好的。第二步排除选项:A(大声地)、B(生气地)与 “温暖” 矛盾,D(清晰地)不体现情感,“warmly”(温和地)符合语境,故选 C。
第一步抓逻辑:前文 Lily 帮助 “我”,且说 “朋友就该这样”,应是 “开心地笑”。第二步看词性 / 搭配:A(难过地)不符;B 是形容词(需用副词 “friendly”),语法错误;C(突然地)无逻辑依据;“smiled brightly”(笑得灿烂)符合情感,故选 D。
第一步找复现:前文 “said ‘Thank you’”(表达感谢),后文 “买礼物” 是为了表达 “感谢”。第二步排除选项:B(抱歉)、C(欢迎)、D(再见)均与 “感谢” 无关,故选 A。
题型五 阅读理解
解|题|技|巧
1. 分题型突破技巧
不同题型对应不同解法,精准定位能大幅提高正确率:
细节理解题:题干含具体信息(如时间、数字、人名),直接在原文中找 “原词或同义替换”,避免主观推测。
主旨大意题:重点读首段、尾段及各段首句,归纳文章核心观点(常出现在 “but/however” 后),排除仅概括局部内容的选项。
推理判断题:题干含 “infer/imply/suggest”,答案需从原文信息 “推导得出”,不选原文直接表述的内容,也不选无依据的过度推测。
词义猜测题:通过上下文逻辑(如 “that is / 破折号” 表解释,“but” 表转折)或词根词缀,判断生词含义,再代入原文验证是否通顺。
2. 定位与匹配原则
先划题干关键词(如名词、动词),再回原文快速扫描相同或近义词,锁定答题区间(通常在关键词所在句及前后 1-2 句)。
比对选项与原文时,注意 “同义替换”(如原文 “important”,选项 “significant”)和 “信息完整度”,避免选项遗漏或添加原文没有的信息。
【典例 1】(细节理解题)
原文片段:The school library opens from 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. on weekdays. On weekends, it is only open in the morning, from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Students can borrow up to 3 books at a time, and keep them for two weeks. If they need more time, they can ask the librarian to extend the time by one week.
How long can students keep the borrowed books at most?
A. One week. B. Two weeks. C. Three weeks. D. Four weeks.
【答案】C
【解析】
第一步划题干关键词:“keep the borrowed books at most”(最多能借多久)。
第二步定位原文:找到相关句子 “keep them for two weeks” 和 “extend the time by one week”。
第三步计算与匹配:原文提到 “基础借阅 2 周,可延长 1 周”,最多共 3 周。选项 A(1 周)、B(2 周)均为部分信息,D(4 周)无依据,故选 C。
【典例 2】(主旨大意题)
原文片段:Many people like to keep dogs as pets. Dogs are not only cute, but also very helpful. Some dogs work as guide dogs to help blind people walk safely. Others work with police to find dangerous things. Even at home, dogs can look after the house when their owners are out. They are always loyal to their owners and bring a lot of happiness to families.
What is the main idea of this passage?
A.How to take care of dogs. B. Different kinds of dogs.
C. Why dogs are good pets. D. When people keep dogs.
【答案】C
【解析】
第一步抓首句与逻辑:首句 “Many people like to keep dogs as pets”(很多人喜欢养狗当宠物),后文用 “not only...but also...”“Some...Others...” 列举狗的优点(可爱、帮盲人、帮警察、看家)。
第二步归纳主旨:文章核心是 “狗作为宠物的好处”,即 “为什么狗是好宠物”。
第三步排除选项:A(如何照顾狗)、B(不同种类的狗)、D(人们何时养狗)均未在原文提及,仅 C 符合主旨,故选 C。
题型六 句型转换
解|题|技|巧
1. 明确转换类型:先判断题目属于哪种转换,常见类型包括:
肯定句与否定句 / 一般疑问句转换(关键:找 be 动词、情态动词或助动词);
主动语态与被动语态转换(关键:“主语→宾语” 互换,谓语动词变 “be + 过去分词”);
同义句转换(关键:用同义词、固定搭配或句型替换,如 “spend...doing” 换 “it takes...to do”);
复合句与简单句转换(关键:拆分或合并从句,如把宾语从句简化为 “疑问词 + to do”)。
2. 保持原意不变:转换后不能改变句子核心含义,时间、数量、逻辑关系需与原句一致。
检查语法细节:注意动词形式、人称、时态、标点符号的正确性,避免因小错误失分(如变疑问句时首字母大写、变否定句时加 “not” 的位置)。
【典例 1】(主动语态变被动语态)原句:People grow rice in the south of China.转换要求:改为被动语态
【答案】Rice is grown in the south of China (by people).
【解析】
第一步找主动句结构:主语(People)+ 谓语(grow)+ 宾语(rice)+ 地点状语。
第二步变被动结构:宾语(rice)变新主语,谓语 “grow” 变 “be + 过去分词”(grow 的过去分词是 grown)。
第三步匹配时态:原句是一般现在时,被动句用 “is grown”;“by people” 表动作执行者,可省略,最终得到答案。
【典例 2】(同义句转换)原句:Tom spent two hours finishing his homework yesterday.转换要求:改为同义句(用 “It takes...” 句型)
【答案】It took Tom two hours to finish his homework yesterday.
【解析】第一步明确同义句型:“sb spend + 时间 + doing sth” 可转换为 “it takes sb + 时间 + to do sth”。
第二步匹配时态:原句是一般过去时(spent),转换后 “take” 需用过去式 “took”。
第三步调整结构:“Tom” 变 “sb”(放 “took” 后),“finishing” 变 “to finish”,时间 “two hours” 和状语 “yesterday” 位置不变,确保原意一致。
题型六 句型转换
解|题|技|巧
3. 明确转换类型:先判断题目属于哪种转换,常见类型包括:
肯定句与否定句 / 一般疑问句转换(关键:找 be 动词、情态动词或助动词);
主动语态与被动语态转换(关键:“主语→宾语” 互换,谓语动词变 “be + 过去分词”);
同义句转换(关键:用同义词、固定搭配或句型替换,如 “spend...doing” 换 “it takes...to do”);
复合句与简单句转换(关键:拆分或合并从句,如把宾语从句简化为 “疑问词 + to do”)。
4. 保持原意不变:转换后不能改变句子核心含义,时间、数量、逻辑关系需与原句一致。
检查语法细节:注意动词形式、人称、时态、标点符号的正确性,避免因小错误失分(如变疑问句时首字母大写、变否定句时加 “not” 的位置)。
1. 审题与框架搭建(3-5 分钟)
明确体裁:不同体裁有固定格式,如书信需包含 “称呼、正文、祝福语、署名”,议论文需 “开头亮观点、中间分论点、结尾总结”。
抓核心要点:圈出题目要求的 “必写内容”(如 “建议类作文” 需包含 2-3 条具体建议),避免遗漏;同时确定文章时态(如日记用过去时,建议信用一般现在时)。
列简单提纲:用关键词搭建框架,例如写 “环保主题演讲稿”,提纲可设为:①开头问候 + 引出环保重要性;②分论点 1(节约资源);③分论点 2(减少污染);④结尾呼吁行动。
2. 内容填充与语言优化(15-20 分钟)
内容切题:每段围绕一个核心要点展开,用 “具体例子” 支撑观点(如写 “坚持的重要性”,可举 “学习英语从不及格到流利” 的例子),避免空洞。
句式多样:避免全用简单句,适当用 “复合句”(if/though 引导的状语从句、which/that 引导的定语从句)和 “倒装句 / 强调句”(如 “Only in this way can we...”“It is...that...”)提升档次。
词汇准确:用 “高级同义词” 替换基础词(如用 “convenient” 代 “easy”,用 “take measures” 代 “do something”),同时注意固定搭配(如 “pay attention to doing”“make a difference”)。
3. 检查修正(2-3 分钟)
语法错误:重点检查时态、主谓一致、名词单复数、介词搭配(如 “in Monday” 应为 “on Monday”)。
逻辑连贯:用 “过渡词” 连接段落或句子(如“firstly/secondly”“however/therefore” “in addition”),确保文章流畅。
格式规范:确认书信的署名位置、演讲稿的开头结尾等是否符合体裁要求。
【例文】
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to receive your email. I totally understand your feeling—starting high school can be a little scary for everyone. But don’t worry, here are some suggestions for you. First, you can learn about your high school courses in advance. Knowing what subjects you will study can help you feel more prepared. Second, try to make new friends. Talking to classmates or joining clubs can make you feel less lonely. Also, remember to ask teachers for help if you have trouble with your studies. I believe you will have a great time in high school. Looking forward to hearing your good news!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
框架符合要求:书信格式完整(称呼、正文、祝福语、署名),正文分三段,分别对应 “理解感受、给出建议、表达祝福”,无要点遗漏。
内容切题:建议部分具体(“了解课程”“交朋友”“问老师”),且用 “First/Second/Also” 清晰分层,逻辑连贯。
语言准确:用 “totally understand”“in advance”“have trouble with” 等短语,句式兼顾简单句和复合句(如 “Knowing what...can help you...”),符合高中英语表达水平。
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