Unit 3 单元素养练习 2025-2026学年外研版（2024）八年级英语上册

八年级英语（外研版）上册单元素养练习 Unit 3 Make it happen 姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 考号：__________ 得分：__________ 第一部分 听力理解（共 30 分） Ⅰ. 听句子选图片（共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 个句子，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三幅图的文字描述中，选出与句子内容相符的选项。每个句子读 1 遍。 1. A B C 2. A B C 3. A B C 4. A B C 5. A B C Ⅱ. 听短对话回答问题（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 听下面 7 段短对话，每段对话后有 1-2 个问题，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读 1 遍。 听第一段对话，回答第 6 小题 6. What was special about the invention? A. It was very expensive B. It was made by a teenager C. It was for adults D. It used old materials 听第二段对话，回答第 7 小题 7. What do we know about the new artificial arm? A. It's harder to make B. It's heavier C. It's cheaper D. It's less useful 听第三段对话，回答第 8-9 小题 8. What made Easton invent the new arm? A. His teacher's request B. A girl's problem C. His own need D. A competition task 9. What did Easton do to improve his invention? A. He fixed problems repeatedly B. He gave up easily C. He asked for help D. He changed the material 听第四段对话，回答第 10 小题 10. Which quality is important for inventors? A. Good looks B. Rich experience C. Strong body D. Curiosity 听第五段对话，回答第 11-12 小题 11. Who did the inventor make the machine for? A. His grandma B. His teacher C. His friend D. His classmate 12. What's the machine's material? A. Heavy metal B. Light plastic C. Soft cotton D. Hard wood 听第六段对话，回答第 13-14 小题 13. What should the boy do first? A. Draw a design B. Buy materials C. Find student problems D. Ask for money 14. What problem do students have? A. Bags are too small B. Bags are too heavy C. Bags are not beautiful D. Bags are too expensive 听第七段对话，回答第 15 小题 15. Why could the boy get the design? A. Easton gave it for free B. He bought it C. His teacher lent it D. He borrowed it Ⅲ. 听长对话回答问题（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 听下面 1 段长对话，对话后有 5 个问题，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。对话读 2 遍。 16. What did Amy win? A. A new book B. A prize in a competition C. A 3-D printer D. A schoolbag 17. What does Amy's invention do? A. Warns blind people of objects B. Helps with homework C. Cleans rooms quickly D. Cooks food automatically 18. Who inspired Amy's invention? A. Her parent B. Her classmate C. Her neighbor D. Her teacher 19. How much did the invention cost? A. 50 B. 30 C. 100 D. 80 20. Why did Amy fail many times? A. She was too busy B. She had no materials C. She got sick D. The sensor didn't work Ⅳ. 听填信息（共 5 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分） 听下面 1 段独白，根据所听内容，从方框中选择合适的词补全表格（有两项多余）。独白读 2 遍。 （选项：plastic, 2017, cloth, 2016, inventor, weighs, prices） 信息项 内容 21. Invention 3-D printed artificial arm 22. Year invented ______ 23. Material ______ 24. Weight ______ 0.5 kg 25. Creator Young ______ 第二部分 笔试（共 90 分） Ⅰ. 单项选择（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 26. This artificial arm ______ of light plastic and can move with brain signals. A. makes B. is made C. make D. was made 27. —______ did Easton invent the new artificial arm? —To help children with heavy arms. A. Why B. When C. Where D. How 28. The boy ______ invented the 3-D printed arm is only 14 years old. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 29. —How much ______ that smart machine cost? —About $200. It's very cheap. A. do B. is C. does D. are 30. Many people ______ Easton's design online after he put it there for free. A. have downloaded B.downloaded C. will download D. download 31. This kind of 3-D printer ______ in China and is widely used now. A. was making B. made C. makes D.is made 32. —Who ______ the first "blind helper" machine? —A middle school student last year. A. invented B. invents C. was invented D. is invented 33. The scientist ______ years studying how to improve the invention. A. took B. paid C. spent D. cost 34. Despite ______ many times, he didn't give up his invention dream. A. failed B. failing C. to fail D. fail 35. —Do you know ______ the artificial arm weighs? —Only 0.5 kilogram. It's very light. A. how many B. how long C. how old D. how much Ⅱ. 完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Innovation (创新) often starts with a simple idea to help others. Easton LaChappelle is a great example of this. At 14, Easton went to a science 36. ______. There he met Jenny, a girl with an artificial arm. The arm 37. ______ 3.6 kilograms and cost $80,000. Jenny said it was hard to carry and her family couldn't 38. ______ new ones as she grew. Easton felt sorry for Jenny and decided to invent a better arm. He used a 3-D printer, which was cheap and easy to use. At first, his design was not perfect. The arm was too weak and 39. ______ work well. But Easton didn't fear 40. ______. He kept fixing problems and improving the design. After months of hard work, Easton made a new artificial arm. It was made of light 41. ______ and weighed only 0.5 kilograms. What's more, it cost just $300! The arm could even move with the user's brain 42. ______. Jenny was very happy when she got the new arm. Easton didn't stop there. He 43. ______ his design online for free so that more people could use it. His invention helped thousands of people around the world. Easton's story tells us that anyone can "make it happen". You just need 44. ______ —like curiosity and persistence. And most importantly, you need to want to 45. ______ others. 36. A. party B. fair C. class D. meeting 37. A. weighs B. takes C. costs D. spends 38. A. lend B. buy C. borrow D. sell 39. A. wouldn't B. mustn't C. shouldn't D. needn't 40. A. safety B. failure C. danger D. difficulty 41. A. plastic B. metal C. wood D. glass 42. A. noises B. signals C. sounds D. voices 43. A. took B. put C. kept D. hid 44. A. qualities B. tools C. books D. money 45. A. help B. hurt C. trouble D. stop Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） A The Boy Who Invented for Kindness Easton LaChappelle's invention story began with a chance meeting. In 2011, 14-year-old Easton attended a science fair in Colorado, US. There he met Jenny, a 7-year-old girl with a prosthetic (假肢) arm. Jenny's arm was heavy—3.6 kilograms—and expensive. Her family had paid $80,000 for it. Worse, Jenny was growing fast and would need a new arm every few years. Easton couldn't believe how difficult this was for her. "I wanted to do something to help," he said. Easton loved making things with his 3-D printer at home. He decided to create a lighter, cheaper prosthetic arm. At first, his first model was a failure. It was made of plastic blocks but broke easily. "I failed many times," Easton said. "But I kept trying because I thought of Jenny." After 7 months of testing and fixing, Easton made a working arm. It weighed only 0.5 kilograms and cost just $300 to make. The arm used brain signals to move—when the user thought about moving their hand, the arm followed. Jenny was excited to try the new arm. "It's so light! I can hold my toy easily now," she said. Easton didn't keep his design secret. He put it online for free. "I want everyone who needs it to have access," he explained. Today, Easton's design has helped over 5,000 people in 100 countries. He has won many awards and even started a company to make more prosthetic devices. "Kindness and persistence are the best tools for invention," Easton says. "Anyone can make a difference if they try." 46. When did Easton meet Jenny? A. In 2012 B. In 2010 C.In 2011 D. In 2013 47. What was wrong with Jenny's old arm? A. It was too heavy B. It was too light C. It was too small D. It was too cheap 48. How long did Easton take to make a working arm? A. 5 months B. 7 months C. 3 months D. 9 months 49. Why did Easton put his design online for free? A. He didn't like the design B. The design was not good C. He needed money D. He wanted more people to use it 50. What can we learn from Easton? A. Kindness helps innovation B. Inventions need lots of money C. Failure is terrible D. Only adults can invent things B Qualities of Great Inventors What makes an inventor great? It's not just about being smart—it's about having the right qualities. Here are three key traits (特质) of successful inventors: Curiosity Great inventors are always curious about the world. They ask "why" and "how" often. For example, Thomas Edison was curious about how light could be made. This led him to invent the light bulb. Curiosity makes inventors notice problems that others miss. Persistence Invention is full of failures. The Wright brothers failed many times before their first flight. But they never gave up. "Failure is just a chance to learn," they said. Persistence means trying again and again, even when things are hard. Empathy (同理心) Many great inventions come from wanting to help others. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone because his mother was deaf—he wanted to help her communicate. Easton's prosthetic arm also came from empathy for Jenny. Inventors who care about others make inventions that change lives. These qualities are not something you are born with—you can develop them. Ask questions, don't fear failure, and look for ways to help people. You might be the next great inventor! 51. What does curiosity make inventors do? A. Notice problems B. Spend lots of money C. Give up easily D. Buy new tools 52. Who invented the light bulb? A. Easton LaChappelle B. The Wright brothers C. Thomas Edison D. Alexander Graham Bell 53. Why did the Wright brothers keep trying? A. They feared failure B. They saw failure as a chance to learn C. They were rich D. They wanted to help others 54. What is empathy? A. Being afraid of failure B. Having lots of money C. Being curious about things D. Caring about others 55. Which of the following is true? A. Empathy helps make useful inventions B. Qualities of inventors are inborn C. Persistence means never changing plans D. Curiosity is not important for inventors C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成表格。每空不超过 3 个词。 Inventing a new product is not easy, but following these steps can help you "make it happen": Step 1: Find a problem. Look around you—what bothers people? Maybe students have heavy bags, or old people have trouble opening bottles. This problem will be your invention's goal. Step 2: Do research. Learn about similar products. What's good about them? What's bad? This helps you make a better design. Step 3: Design your product. Draw a picture and write down materials you need. For example, if you make a light bag, use waterproof fabric. Step 4: Build and test. Make a model with cheap materials. Test it—does it solve the problem? Fix any issues you find. Step 5: Share your invention. Show it to others at fairs or online. Get feedback to improve it more. 题号 发明的步骤 应该做的事情 56 1. Find a ______ Set your invention's goal 57 2. Do research Learn about similar ______ 58 3. Design Draw and choose ______ 59 4. Build and test Make a model and fix ______ 60 5. Share Show to others and get feedback Ⅳ. 语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Easton LaChappelle is a young inventor who 61. ______ (change) many lives. At 14, he met Jenny, a girl with a heavy prosthetic arm. He decided 62. ______ (make) a better one for her. Easton used a 3-D printer to create the arm. At first, the arm 63. ______ (not work) well. But he didn't give up. He spent months 64. ______ (fix) problems and improving the design. Finally, he made an arm that 65. ______ (weigh) only 0.5 kilograms. It was much lighter than Jenny's old arm, which 66. ______ (cost) $80,000. The new arm 67. ______ (control) by brain signals. When Jenny thought about moving her hand, the arm followed. She was very happy and said, "This arm 68. ______ (help) me a lot!" Easton also put his design online for free. He wanted 69. ______ (others) to use it too. Now, his invention 70. ______ (help) thousands of people around the world. Ⅴ. 词汇运用（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） A. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词 71. The science f______ will be held next month. Many students will show their inventions there. 72. This prosthetic arm is made of a light m______, so it's easy to carry. 73. Edison was a great i______. He invented more than 1,000 things in his life. 74. Don't be afraid of f______. It's a chance to learn and improve. 75. The machine can s______ objects and warn blind people to be careful. B. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 76. He spent two years ______ (develop) this new invention. 77. The 3-D printed arm ______ (use) in many hospitals now. 78. She is a ______ (create) student and often comes up with new ideas. 79. Despite the rain, they kept ______ (work) on their project. 80. The old arm was too heavy, so it ______ (bring) Jenny much trouble. Ⅵ. 书面表达（共 1 题，满分 20 分） 请将书面表达答案写在以下答题区域（词数 80-100） 假设你参加了学校 “Make it happen” 创新比赛，你的发明是一款 “智能环保书包”。请根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文介绍你的发明。 提示：1. 发明原因（解决书包过重、功能单一等问题）；2. 材料与功能（轻质环保材料、太阳能充电、重量提醒等）；3. 你的感受或期望。 核心词汇提示： 轻质环保材料 light and eco-friendly materials、 太阳能充电 solar charging 重量提醒 weight reminder — 1 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 第一部分 听力理解（共 30 分） Ⅰ. 听句子选图片（共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 题号 1 2 3 4 5 答案 A B A B C Ⅱ. 听短对话回答问题（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 题号 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 答案 B C B A D A B C B A Ⅲ. 听长对话回答问题（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 题号 16 17 18 19 20 答案 B A C A D Ⅳ. 听填信息（共 5 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分） 题号 21 22 23 24 25 答案 3-D printed artificial arm 2016 plastic weighs inventor 第二部分 笔试（共 90 分） Ⅰ. 单项选择（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 题号 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 答案 B A B C B D A C B D Ⅱ. 完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 题号 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 答案 B C B A D A B C A D Ⅲ. 阅读理解与任务型阅读（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） A. 阅读理解 题号 46 47 48 49 50 答案 C A B D A B. 阅读理解 题号 51 52 53 54 55 答案 A C B D A C. 任务型阅读 题号 56 57 58 59 60 答案 problem products materials issues / Ⅳ. 语法填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 题号 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 答案 changed to make didn't work fixing weighed cost was controlled helps others helps Ⅴ. 词汇运用（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） A. 首字母填空 题号 71 72 73 74 75 答案 fair material inventor failure sense B. 词形变化 题号 76 77 78 79 80 答案 developing is used creative working brought Ⅵ. 书面表达（共 1 题，满分 20 分） 范文 My Smart Eco-Friendly Schoolbag I invented a smart eco-friendly schoolbag for the "Make it happen" competition. Many students have heavy bags and simple bags, so I wanted to help them. The bag uses light and eco-friendly materials. It has two useful functions: solar charging for phones and a weight reminder. When the bag is too heavy, it beeps. I'm happy with my invention. I hope it can help more students. This experience tells me small ideas can make a difference if we try. 听力材料 Ⅰ. 听句子选图片（共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 个句子，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三幅图的文字描述中，选出与句子内容相符的选项。每个句子读 1 遍。 1. A 3-D printer is making plastic parts for an invention. 2. Jenny's old artificial arm cost $80,000 and felt heavy to carry. 3. Many student inventions will be on show at the school science fair. 4. A doctor uses a stethoscope to check a patient's health. 5. Curiosity and persistence are key qualities for inventors. Ⅱ. 听短对话回答问题（共 10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 听下面 7 段短对话，每段对话后有 1-2 个问题，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读 1 遍。 听第一段对话，回答第 6 小题 W：What interesting thing did you see at yesterday's science fair? M：A 14-year-old boy showed his own invention—a light artificial arm made with a 3-D printer. Q6：What was special about the invention? 听第二段对话，回答第 7 小题 W：How much did Jenny's family pay for her old artificial arm? M：They paid 80,000. But Easton's new one only costs 300. Q7：What do we know about the new artificial arm? 听第三段对话，回答第 8-9 小题 M：Why did Easton decide to make a new artificial arm? W：He met Jenny at the fair. Her old arm was so heavy that she couldn't carry it easily. He wanted to help her. M：Did he finish the new arm in a short time? W：No. He spent three months fixing problems again and again. Q8：What made Easton invent the new arm? Q9：What did Easton do to improve his invention? 听第四段对话，回答第 10 小题 M：My teacher said good inventors need certain qualities. Which one is important? W：Curiosity, for sure. They always ask "why" and "how" about things around them. Q10：Which quality is important for inventors? 听第五段对话，回答第 11-12 小题 W：This machine helps blind people walk safely. Who invented it? M：A college student. His grandma is blind, so he made it specially for her. W：What's it made of? Is it heavy to take? M：It's made of light plastic. You can carry it easily. Q11：Who did the inventor make the machine for? Q12：What's the machine's material? 听第六段对话，回答第 13-14 小题 M：I plan to invent a new schoolbag. Could you tell me the first step? W：First, you should find out what problems students have with their bags. Many students say their bags are too heavy. M：That's a good point! Then I'll design a lighter one. Q13：What should the boy do first for his invention? Q14：What problem do students have with their schoolbags? 听第七段对话，回答第 15 小题 W：I need the design of the 3-D printed artificial arm. How did you get it? M：Easton put his design online for free. I downloaded it from his website last week. Q15：Why could the boy get the design of the artificial arm? Ⅲ. 听长对话回答问题（共 5 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 5 分） 听下面 1 段长对话，对话后有 5 个问题，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。对话读 2 遍。 M：Hi, Amy! I heard you got the first prize in the "Make it happen" invention competition. Congratulations! W：Thank you, Tom! My invention is a "blind helper" machine. M：That sounds useful! What can it do exactly? W：It can sense small objects in front of blind people and warn them with soft sounds. M：That's amazing! How did you come up with this idea? W：My next-door neighbor is blind. Last month, I saw her struggle to walk on the street and almost fall. So I wanted to make something to help her. M：What materials did you use to make it? Were they expensive? W：I used a cheap sensor I bought online, some old plastic blocks, and a small speaker from an old radio. It only cost me $50. M：Did you finish it smoothly? I guess you met some problems. W：You're right. I failed five times because the sensor didn't work well. But I kept trying and finally fixed it. M：Will you share your design with others? I think many blind people need this machine. W：Of course! I'll put the design on my blog for free this weekend. I hope more blind people can get help from it. Q16：What did Amy win in the competition? Q17：What can Amy's "blind helper" machine do? Q18：Who made Amy come up with the idea of the invention? Q19：How much did Amy spend on her invention? Q20：Why did Amy fail many times when making Ⅳ. 听填信息（共 5 小题，每小题 0.5 分，满分 2.5 分） 听下面 1 段独白，根据所听内容，从方框中选择合适的词补全表格（有两项多余）。独白读 2 遍。 Hello, everyone! Today I want to introduce a young inventor named Easton LaChappelle. His most famous invention is the 3-D printed artificial arm. He started working on it in 2015 and finished it in 2016—so the year this arm was invented is 2016. This arm is made of light plastic. It's much lighter than the old ones that use metal. How much does it weigh? It only weighs 0.5 kilograms. That's why it's easy for people to carry. Easton is not just a good inventor; he's also kind. He put the design of the arm online for free. Now people all over the world can use it. His work has helped more than 5,000 people with disabilities. 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $