专题02 短对话专项---高中英语听力渐进式听力训练法

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦短对话专项，覆盖主旨大意、场景动作、人物关系、观点态度四大核心题型，依据高考评价体系梳理新课标要求的“理解主旨、获取信息、推断、观点态度”四大考查能力，通过真题分析明确各题型权重，如主旨题占比25%、场景题涉及12类高频场景，构建系统备考框架。 课件亮点在于“真题示例+技巧提炼+思维训练”模式，如以20浙高考题“windy day”对话为例，示范主旨题“首尾句+关键词”突破法，场景题通过“right away”等衔接词预测动作，培养学生语言理解能力和逻辑思维品质。特设“解题技巧库”和“易错警示”，教师可依托真题实例精准教学，助力学生高效掌握答题策略。

高中英语听力渐进式听力训练法 专题02 短对话专项 Top English 目 录 01 03 02 04 主旨大意题 场景动作题 人物关系题 观点态度题 Top English Top English 2 Top English 理解主旨和要义 获取事实性的具体信息（时间、地点、人物） 对所听内容作出简单推断（场合、身份、人物关系） 理解说话者的意图、观点和态度 main ideas details inferences Top English Be in a good mood. 心态良好 Read before you listen. 听前预读 3.Catch the key words. 画出关键词 4.Take notes quickly. 快速笔记 Top English 1) What are the speakers talking about？ 2) What are the two speakers doing? 3) What is the dialogue/conversation about? 4) What are the speakers mainly talking about? 5) What is Professor Bastian’s book about? 主旨大意题主要考查学生对谈话内容的概括和归纳能力，题干中一般会有main idea, topic, title, mainly about等。对听到的内容有一个整体的把握和全面的领会，理解说话者究竟在说什么。任何一段对话或独白都是围绕一个中心展开的，有时主旨大意较明显，有时则需要归纳和概括。 01 主旨大意题 Top English 核心考点 1：主旨归纳（Main Idea） 主旨归纳（Main Idea） “Hi everyone, today I want to talk about urban gardening. First, it helps reduce food miles since you grow vegetables at home. Second, it improves air quality by adding more plants to the city. Third, it’s a great way to connect with neighbors—many communities share gardening tools and harvests. So, urban gardening isn’t just about growing food; it’s about building healthier, more connected cities.” 定位信号词：材料开头 “today I want to talk about urban gardening” 点明话题，结尾 “So, urban gardening... ” 总结核心 ——“不只是种植食物，更是建设更健康、更紧密的城市”，隐含 “益处”。 题目1：What is the main idea of the talk?​ A. How to grow vegetables in cities​ B. The benefits of urban gardening​ C. Ways to connect with neighbors Top English 题目2：What are the speakers talking about?​ A. A biology lab​ B. A new class schedule​ C. Final exam preparation Top English 核心考点 2：话题判断（Topic） 话题判断（Topic） M: Have you seen the new schedule? The math class is moved to 2 PM on Tuesdays.​ W: Oh, that’s good. I used to have a conflict with my biology lab.​ M: Yeah, and the final exam will be on the last Friday of the semester, not the Thursday.​ W: Thanks for telling me. I need to adjust my study plan. 抓核心名词：对话中反复出现 “schedule”“math class... moved”“final exam... on the last Friday”，均围绕 “课程安排” 展开。 Top English 题目3：What is the purpose of the announcement?​ A. To advertise a café discount​ B. To inform passengers of a train delay​ C. To explain mechanical issues Top English 核心考点 3：目的 / 意图推断（Purpose） 目的 / 意图推断（Purpose） “Attention all passengers. The 3:15 train to London has been delayed due to mechanical issues. We apologize for the inconvenience. Please wait in the main hall, and we’ll announce updates every 15 minutes. Refreshments will be available at the café with a 20% discount for affected passengers.” 结合场景与语气：开头 “Attention all passengers” 表明是广播通知，语气正式，目的是传递信息。 Top English 主旨大意题解题技巧 区分 “整体概括” 与 “局部内容” 关注材料首尾句 梳理反复出现的关键词或话题 结合场景和说话人语气 识别功能性表达句型 长材料中若出现话题转折,判断主要话题。 Top English 做主旨大意题的解题技巧： （1）特别注意第____个人说的话，比如视频中周瑜问what __________ should we choose? 又说Please make 100000 __________，可以推断他们在preparing for a _________. （2）_____________。比如weapon, arrows都是对战争这个事件的描述。 一 weapon arrows battle 抓事件关键词 Top English 高考题示例： 1. What are the speakers talking about? (20浙---4) A. The weather. B. The scenery. C. The traffic. W: Oh, another windy day! It's dusty everywhere and I can hardly see anything. It must be dangerous to drive on such days. M: Yes. It's been like this for a week. Top English 高考题示例： 2. What are the speakers talking about? (17全国Ⅰ---3) A. Going out. B. Ordering drinks. C. Preparing for a party. M: Let's see what drinks you've got for the party tonight. W: Everything,beer,wine,soft drinks like Coke,Seven-up—You name it, I've got it. Have you ordered the cake? M: Of course. Top English 1.What will Jack probably do this weekend? 2.What did Clara do at the weekend? 3.What does the man want to do on the weekend? 4.What went on at Cooper’s last night? 5.What will the speakers probably do next? 在听力理解中，场景动作题型是主旨要义题的重要延伸，这类题目聚焦对话或独白中人物的具体行为、动作意图及未来计划，考查学生对动态信息的捕捉与逻辑推理能力。 02 场景动作题 Top English 题目1：What is the woman doing?​ A. Setting the table​ B. Cooking soup​ C. Buying salt Top English 核心考点 1：判断具体行为（Current Action） 目的 / 意图推断（Purpose） W: Could you pass me the salt? I can’t reach it.​ M: Sure, here you go. Do you need anything else?​ W: No, thanks. I’m just seasoning the soup before serving. 抓动作关键词：材料中 “pass me the salt”“seasoning the soup”（给汤调味）直接指向 “烹饪汤” 的动作，“seasoning” 是核心线索。 Top English 题目2：What will the speakers probably do next?​ A. Walk to the cinema​ B. Call a taxi​ C. Wait for the movie to start Top English 核心考点 2：预测后续动作（Future Action） 目的 / 意图推断（Purpose） M: The movie starts at 7:30, and it’s 7:15 now. We’ll miss the beginning if we walk.​ W: Then let’s take a taxi. I’ll call one right away. 找动作衔接词：“Then let’s take a taxi. I’ll call one right away” 中，“right away”（立刻）明确表示接下来的动作是 “打电话叫出租车”。 Top English 题目3：What is the speaker’s plan for tomorrow afternoon?​ A. Attend a meeting​ B.Meet a client​ C. Pick up his sister Top English 核心考点 3：理解计划安排（Plan/Arrangement） 目的 / 意图推断（Purpose） “Tomorrow, I’ll start with a meeting at 9 AM in the office. After that, I need to visit the new client at 11 AM. In the afternoon, I’ll go to the airport to pick up my sister—her flight arrives at 3 PM. Finally, we’ll have dinner together at 6 PM.” 定位时间线索：材料中 “in the afternoon” 是关键时间状语，其后紧跟的动作 “go to the airport to pick up my sister” 是下午的核心计划。 Top English 题目4：Why has the man been cleaning the garage?​ A. To store his car​ B. To prepare for his cousin’s visit​ C. To organize his tools Top English 核心考点 4：判断动作目的（Purpose of Action） 目的 / 意图推断（Purpose） W: You’ve been cleaning the garage all morning. Is there a reason?​ M: Yes, my cousin is coming to stay next week, and he needs a place to park his car. 抓因果信号词：“Yes, my cousin is coming... he needs a place to park” 中，“Yes” 回应了女士的 “Why”，直接说明动作目的是 “为表弟来访做准备”。 Top English 场景动作题解题技巧 根据整体语境和常识进行合理推断 聚焦材料中直接描述动作的动词或动词短语 捕捉表示动作衔接的逻辑词 提取时间线索, 梳理整体日程框架 寻找因果信号词, 明确动作与目的的直接关联 用 “步骤拆分法” 拆解每个环节。 Top English 场景动作题的解题技巧： （1） 间接表明地点，这时就要注意那些事件关键词，例如视频中女人提到someone _____ me to chat；男人提到there’s a dog in that ______,可以推断场景为_______。 （2）直接提到地点的，此类题型往往遵循____________的原则…… pay room home “所听非所选” Top English 高考题示例： 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? (20全国Ⅰ---1) A. In a supermarket B. In the post office. C. In the street. 人物和事件是什么？ M: Excuse me. How can I get to the nearest supermarket? W: It's on Pennings Road. Go past the post office and it's on your left. Top English 说出下面词汇对应的场景： 1. book a room, reception desk, check in/out, room service, single/double room… Hotel 2. order, menu, soup, bill, waiter, waitress, beef Restaurant 3. stamp, envelope, postcard, postage, by air, parcel/package… Post office 4. borrow, lend, bookshelf, librarian, student card, renew, reference book… Library Top English menu, bill, order, tip, hamburger, sandwich, take medicine, pill , headache, blood pressure fever, luggage, single room, double room, room number ,reserve, book 餐馆（restaurant） 宾馆（hotel） mail, deliver, stamp envelope, telegram 邮局(post office） 医院（hospital） where Top English 课堂练习： 审---听---选 1 Where does the conversation probably take place? In a wine shop. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant. (2016年全国卷I 第4题) M: Here’s the menu, Madame. Would you like something to drink? W: Yes, please. May I see the wine list? M: Certainly. Here you are. Top English 03 人物关系题 解题技巧： 在听人物之间关系的题目时，说话人之间的语气尤其重要 上司跟下属之间的关系，语气一般较强硬，有命令的意味； 夫妻之间，则语气较为甜蜜，随意 朋友之间较亲切 老师对学生大多为关心或者建议 服务员对顾客一般较尊敬 Top English 03 人物关系题 (1) 根据___________判断,比如视频中出现__________等关键词体现___________关系; (2) 根据_________判断关系的亲疏远近，比如视频中的Shanbo、Yingtai、brother Wenkai。 事件关键词 graduate aspiration classmates 称呼 Top English 高考题示例： 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? (18全国Ⅰ---5) A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. W: Hi, Andy! I didn’t see you in Pro.Smith's class yesterday. What happened? M: Well….I had a headache, so I called him and asked for a sick leave. Top English 高考题示例： 2. What does the man do? (20全国Ⅰ---3) A. He's a tailor. B. He's a waiter. C. He's a shop assistant. M: Good morning, madam, What can I do for you? W: Well, the sleeves of this jacket are too long. Can you make them shorter? M: Let me take a look.OK. I can do it for 20 dollars. Top English 常见的人物关系有： doctor and patient ache, a sore throat, fever, stomach, blood test, prescription, emergency department, have an appointment, open your mouth, What seems to be the problem?... shop assistant and customer try on, changing room, discount, pay in cash, check / cheque, come in, in stock, out of stock, Can I help you？What size do you wear？ …… Top English teacher and student professor, course, reading assignments, essay, due, mark/score, fail, practice test, deadline, ask for leave, hand in, Any questions? … husband and wife dear, darling, cook dinner, do the dishes, do the laundry, picnic, draw the curtain, pick up the kids…… Top English 1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？(2018年全国卷III 第2题) A. Colleagues. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 课堂练习： 审---听---选 W: I hope you can come to the party on Saturday. M: I didn’t know I was invited. W: Sure you are. Everyone in our office is invited. Top English 2. What is the man? An actor. B. A reporter. C. A director. 课堂练习： 审---听---选 W: Would you like to tell us something about your new film and your impression of the director? M: I believe it will be very popular. The director is sociable, cooperative, and… Top English 04 观点态度题 解题技巧： 1.注意说话者语音语调和语气的变化.如降调表示赞同肯定;升调表示怀疑、惊讶或否定。 2.注意两人谈话时对对方的回答是肯定还是否定,以此推断其态度或情感, 肯定回答:Yes/I can‘t agree more（十分同意！）/Absolutely/Out of question（毫无疑问） 否定回答: No/I‘m sorry,but.. I’m busy now/I‘m afraid I can’t..... 3.常见语气词:well—委婉否定 Top English （1）关注情绪强烈的表达，比如none of your business表示说话人之前_________，Thank you, teacher 表示说话人现在__________。 （2）关注评价语，比如“Isn’t this Wang Tianfang, the ________________ of our grade?” （3）根据语言行为推断，比如”Are you the new teacher? We can play when we want to. ”,表示说话人在挑衅老师，他的态度是____________。 做观点态度题的解题技巧： annoyed grateful aggressive basketball star Top English 高考题示例： 1. What does the man think of the movie?（21年8省联考） A. Top quality. B. Above average. C. Surprisingly bad. W: Hey, Thomas. How was the movie last night? M: It was OK, not exactly a top quality one but still a welcome surprise. I would give it three stars out of four. Top English 高考题示例： 2. What is the woman feeling now? (20新高考二卷--5) A. Relief. B. Regret. C. Embarrassment. W: Thank goodness! You’re still here. M: What’s up? W: I need your signature for this document. It’s urgent. Top English Summary 考什么 What are the two speakers doing? Where are the speakers? Who is the speaker talking to? How does the speaker sound? 听什么 首句原则；抓事件关键词。 直接给地点的，所听非所选；抓事件关键词。 根据事件关键词、称呼判断亲疏。 关注情绪表达、评价语，并推断语言行为 主旨大意 场景 关系与身份 情感态度 平时积累什么？ Top English 出题尝试：设计短对话（2-3句）与答案 1. What are the two speakers doing? (主旨题) A) Asking for directions. B) Shopping for groceries C) Conducting interviews 2. Where are the speakers? (场景题) A) In a teacher’s office. B) In a reading room. C) At home. Top English 3. Who is the boy talking to?(关系身份题) A) A restaurant waiter B) A postal clerk C) A hotel receptionist 4. How does the man sound?(情态题) A) Relieved. B) Confident. C) Impatient Top English Text 1 行李丢失报案对话 M:Excuse me,I just arrived on the flight from Melbourne, and my suitcase is missing. W:We are very sorry,sir.Could you put down your information in this form?We'll do everything we can to find your suitcase. M:OK. ✱flight n.航班 ✱Melbourne n. 墨尔本 ✱suitcase n.行李箱 ✱put down / note down / take down / write down 写下 1. What will the man do next? A. Unpack his suitcase.打开他的行李 B. Board a flight.登机 C. Fill out a form.填写表格 C Top English Text 2 职业规划讨论 M:Have you talked over your future plan with your parents,Sarah? W:Well,my parents would like me to do my master's after graduation,but I'm thinking of volunteering as a social worker for a year. M:Good for you. ✱talk over （详细坦诚地）商谈 ✱do my master’s 攻读硕士 2. What does Sarah plan to do after graduation? A. Do volunteer work.B. Pursue a higher degree. C. Run the family business. A Top English Text 3 居住环境商议 W:We really need to move,Steve.So many cars go by every day and no sun comes through the windows. M:Yeah,this house is kind of old.What do you have in mind? W:Maybe we should have a look in the suburbs. ✱go by 经过，路过 ✱kind of 稍微；有几分；有点儿 ✱have a look 看一看 ✱suburb n.郊外 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Buying a car. B. Moving house. C. Fixing the window. B Top English Text 4 滑雪体验对话 M:Do you often ski here? W:No,this is my first time. M:So how do you like it so far? W:The snow is brilliant.It would be better if there were fewer people. ✱so far 到目前为止；迄今为止✱brilliant adj. 非常明亮的；光辉夺目的 ✱how do you like … =what do you think of … 你认为…怎么样？ 4. What does the woman think of the ski area? A. It’s a bit crowded. B. It has poor snow. C. It’s too far away. A Top English Text 5 问路指引 W:Now we've crossed the stone bridge.Turn right again.Look.Here is the art center.The Grand Theatre is two blocks away. M:Nearly there.快到了。We won't be late, then. ✱cross v.穿过 ✱block n.街区 5. Where are the speakers heading? A. The Art Centre. B. The Grand Theatre. C. The Stone Bridge. B Top English Thank You Top English Top English 26064.0 null 20640.0 20016.0 null 16770.527 null 19853.047 null 13536.0 null 10608.0 17040.0 null 9696.0 null 13453.01 null 15542.775 null 16875.02 null 19069.355 null 17449.727 null 15751.752 null 17371.357 null 9508.577 null 1459308.5 $