Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（译林版）

该高中英语课件聚焦现在完成时与现在完成进行时，通过杜甫BBC纪录片短文进行语境导入，引导学生感知时态运用，再明确语法结构，系统讲解现在完成进行时的形式、用法、注意事项及与现在完成时的辨析，构建从语境感知到语法精讲再到达标检测的学习支架。 其亮点在于结合杜甫诗歌纪录片真实语料，渗透文化意识，通过语境感悟培养语言能力，对比辨析两种时态提升思维品质。如用“has been acting as the guardian”等实例解析用法，学生能在文化情境中掌握语法，提升语言运用能力，教师可借助清晰结构高效开展语法教学。

Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage Fit for life UNIT 3 阅读以下短文，感悟加颜色部分所使用的时态和语态 Du Fu：China’s Greatest Poet，a BBC one-hour documentary，was launched on April 6,2020.It is the first time that Du’s life ①has been put in a global context.For the Chinese，Du is more than a poet；he ②has been acting as the guardian of the morality of the nation up to date.Born in 712，Du lived through the violent fall of the Tang Dynasty when wars，floods and famines almost ruined the country.In his poems，he poured out his concern for his country and people as well as the importance of celebrating the few simple joys of life. 语境感悟 This documentary is a must-see.To help Western audiences make sense of the poet’s great achievements in literature，Du is compared to China’s Shakespeare in this documentary.Also the program invited McKellen，who played Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings movies，to read 15 of Du’s poems that had been translated into English.These can help foreigners better understand what ③has made Du’s works so special.In a way，the documentary ④has been displaying the charm of traditional Chinese literature to the world，inspiring more people around the globe to learn Chinese Tang poems. [语法感知] 以上短文中①③的时态都是 ，其主动语态的结构是________ ，被动语态的结构是 ；②④的时态都是 ，其结构是 。 现在完成时 done has/have has/have been done 现在完成进行时 has/have been doing 语法总览 语法精讲 一、现在完成进行时的形式 肯定句：have/has been＋现在分词(doing) 否定句：have/has not been＋现在分词(doing) 疑问句：Have/Has＋主语＋been＋现在分词(doing)＋...? Our government has been using PSAs to educate people for many years. 多年来，我们的政府一直在用公益广告来教育人们。 She has been not communicating with others verbally for the last four years，except for a few words now and then. 在过去的四年里，她一直没有和他人进行口头交流，除了偶尔蹦出几个词。 Has he been buying and selling since he succeeded to that big fortune，a million dollars? 自从他继承了那一百万美元的巨款后，他一直都在做买卖工作吗？ 二、现在完成进行时的用法 1.延续：表示开始于过去的活动持续到现在，并且活动往往还没有结束，将继续持续下去。 —Why，Jack？You look so tired! —Well，I have been painting the house and I must finish the work tomorrow. ——为什么，杰克？你看上去很累啊！ ——对，我一直在粉刷屋子，而且明天必须得刷完。(强调一直在做，并且还将持续) Mary has been going to writing classes every night since June and the course will end this week. 从6月开始，玛丽每天晚上去上写作课，这个课程将于这周结束。(玛丽每晚上写作课的状态从过去持续到未来) 2.重复：到目前为止的一段时间内重复发生的活动。 —Isn’t it hard to drive to downtown to work? —Yes，that’s why I have been going to work by train. ——开车去市中心上班难道不麻烦吗？ ——很麻烦，这就是我一直坐火车去上班的原因。(到现在一直坐火车去上班，强调重复性和持续性) Since humankind started gardening，we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful. 自从人类开始搞园艺活动到现在，我们一直都在努力让我们的环境更美丽。(表示到现在一直努力做，强调重复性和持续性) 3.感情色彩：和进行时一样，现在完成进行时可以带有说话人的感情色彩(如赞扬、厌恶、抱怨等)。 Where have you been？I have been waiting for you in the rain for two hours. 你去哪了？我在雨中等了你两个小时。(抱怨) He has been working as a volunteer for fifteen years，which really isn’t an easy thing. 他已经做了十五年的志愿者，这真不是一件容易的事。(赞扬) 三、现在完成进行时需要注意的几点 1.现在完成进行时常和以下时间状语连用：for＋时间段，always，since，these days/years，recently，all the time，all day/week/afternoon...，how long...等。 Since the first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896，athletes and fans have always been trying to get “their” sports into the Olympics. 自从1896年第一届现代奥林匹克运动会举办以来，运动员及运动爱好者一直努力使“他们的”运动成为奥林匹克运动会上的比赛项目。 2.有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时 (1)表示状态的动词：be，have，exist，belong，own等； (2)表示感情的动词：like，love，hate，detest等； (3)表示感觉的动词：see，hear，feel，sound等； (4)其他动词：believe，doubt，want，wish，agree，include，order，know等。 (正)He has had a terrible headache for the last few days.他最近几天头疼得很厉害。 (误)He has been having a terrible headache for the last few days. 3.现在完成时可以与never，ever，yet，already等连用，而现在完成进行时则不能与它们连用。 (正)There is nothing new in the book in that I have already read it three times. 这本书中没有什么新东西，因为我已经看了三遍了。 (误)There is nothing new in the book in that I have already been reading it three times. [疑难辨析] 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或表达某种情感，还可以表示动作的重复。现在完成时强调动作的完成性，强调对现在产生的影响或产生的结果，一般不表示动作的重复性。 试比较： (1)They have been discussing the plan for a week，but no decision has been made. 一周以来他们一直在讨论那个计划，但尚未作出任何决定。 (2)They have discussed the plan for a week，and the decision is that they should try their best to attract investors. 他们已经讨论这个计划一周了，决定是他们应该尽最大努力吸引投资者。 分析： 第(1)句中根据no decision 可知没有作出决定，说明讨论这个动作并未完成，之前应该是一直在讨论。使用现在完成进行时表示动作discuss的延续，而且可以反复进行，表示一次又一次的讨论。 第(2)句中根据the decision is that...可知决定已经作出，说明讨论这个动作已经完成，讨论已经结束。使用现在完成时表示discuss这个动作对现在造成的影响，不表示动作的重复性。 Ⅰ.用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1.This is the second time that I (see) the film The Battle at Lake Changjin. 2.We (be) friends ever since we met at school. 3.Alice (compete) in the Athens Marathon twice before，but hopes to achieve her best time this year. 4.I (clean) the room this morning and I have to continue my work. 达标检测 have seen have been has competed have been cleaning 5.—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks.It’s because I (practise) a lot these days. 6.Mother wants to be a good provider，a role she ____________________ (shoulder) since her marriage to Father. 7.Eric：You (dial) that number all the time since you came into the office.Whom do you want to speak to? Delia：I’m trying to get our Paris office.I (call) it five times and (not get) through yet.What should I do? have been practising has been shouldering have been dialing have called haven’t got 8.The number of visitors (rise) steadily since the reopening，despite a sharp decline compared to normal years. 9.—I’m fed up with the wet，cold weather here！I wish tomorrow a sunny day! —Exactly.Actually，it (rain) every day in the past two weeks. 10.Since last month，George，along with some of his former classmates， (long) for a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday. has been rising has been raining has been longing Ⅱ.完成句子 1.史密斯先生和他的学生们日日夜夜都在为这个项目工作，以便提前完成任务。 Mr Smith，along with his students，_______________________________ ___________________ in order to finish the task ahead of time. 2.——托马斯，你的眼睛为什么红了？ ——在过去五分钟里我一直在切洋葱。 —Thomas，why are your eyes red? — for the last five minutes. is working/has been working on the project day and night I have been cutting up onions 3.我已经把门漆过了，现在它看起来像一扇新的。 and now it looks like a new one. 4.——狼先生，你这些天在忙什么？ ——我一直试着去抓些山羊，但是到目前为止还没有抓到过一只。 —Mr Wolf，what have you been busy doing these days? — ，but have never caught a single one so far.　　 I have painted the door I have been trying to catch goats 本课结束 $