UNIT 5 Section Ⅰ Topic Talk（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（北师大版）

本讲义围绕“教育”主题构建高中英语学习支架，以教育名言引入主题意义，通过听力对话解析学习方法（如不同学习方式的记忆率、学习步骤：remember→understand→apply→analyse→evaluate→create），结合sympathy、insist等词汇的语境用法讲解，辅以单词拼写、语法填空及多题材阅读理解（创新教学、音乐与语言学习等）形成完整学习链条。 该资料特色在于对接高考题型提升语言能力，真实语篇（如物理老师实验教学案例）培养思维品质，词汇结合写作佳句强化学习能力。课中听力对话辅助理解学习规律，课后分层训练题帮助巩固知识，弥补词汇、阅读等薄弱环节，助力学生全面提升英语综合素养。

话题美句 Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world. 教育是你用来改变世界的最有力的武器。 Education begins a gentleman；conversation completes him.君子开始形成于教育，而完成于交际。 The roots of education are bitter，but the fruit is sweet.教育的根是苦的，但结出的果实是甜的。 Education begins its work with the first breath of the child.当婴儿呱呱坠地时，人生的教育就开始了。 Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式)(教材P28) 1．What does the professor think of education? A．Education has great significance. B．He thought he should explore its meaning. C．Education is consistent with people’s mental development. 答案　A 2．What does “education is not preparation for life；education is life itself” mean? A．Education is preparation for society，not students themselves. B．Education is about passing on knowledge and necessary skills. C．The best education is to experience and to gain problem-solving abilities. 答案　C 3．Which philosophers or educators are mentioned? A．Comenius and John Dewey. B．Confucius and John Dewey. C．John Dewey and Wilson. 答案　A Ⅱ.选择填空(高考形式)(教材P29) 1．How can we remember ninety-five percent? A．By reading. B．By seeing. C．By teaching. 答案　C 2．How much can we remember when we see and hear? A .50%. B．10%. C．30%. 答案　A 3．What is the order of learning? A．Remember→understand→apply→create→analyse→evaluate. B．Understand→remember→apply→analyse→evaluate→create. C．Remember→understand→apply→analyse→evaluate→create. 答案　C Ⅲ.听力填空(精听训练) Listen to the dialogue on P29 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. (Y：＝Yang Ping　J＝Jason) Y：I’ve been looking at ways we learn.I saw a diagram on the Internet the other day.It showed that we remember ten percent of what we 1.hear.We remember twenty percent of what we 2.read，thirty percent of what we 3.see，fifty percent of what we see and hear，seventy percent of what we 4.discuss with others，eighty percent of what we do and ninety-five percent of what we 5.teach to others. J：Wow，that is interesting！It 6.ties in with what I’ve been told，that if you want to be sure you understand something then try and teach it to someone else.If you can’t explain it，then you don’t 7.understand it clearly yourself. Y：That is true.Remember what our teacher told us the other day about how we learn? J：Yes，actually I do！It goes in this order：first we remember，then we understand，then we 8.apply what we have learnt.After that we analyse and 9.evaluate what happened and then 10.create something new from what we have learnt. Y：Exactly！Let’s give it a try！ sympathy n．同情(心)；赞同[sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的sympathiz(s)e vi.同情；赞同] have/feel sympathy for sb 同情某人 in sympathy with赞同，支持 out of sympathy出于同情 with sympathy同情地 (1)To tell you the truth，I am in sympathy with the way you polish the format of the article. (2)I feel a lot of sympathy for him；he brought up his two children on his own and encountered all kinds of difficulties. [写作佳句] (3)出于对穷人的同情，Meredith太太每当有时间的时候，都会给他们带来食物和药品。 Out of sympathy for the poor，Mrs Meredith would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time. insist vt.& vi.坚决要求；坚持主张；坚持说 ·insist＋宾语从句 ①当insist作“坚持主张，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 ②当insist作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。 ·insist on/upon (doing) sth 坚决要求(做)某事 (1)I wanted to walk to the station，but the agent insisted on driving(drive) me there. (2)The woman insisted she was innocent and insisted she (should) be set free.(be) [写作佳句] (3)(历史人物介绍)范仲淹坚持建立国家学校制度，这对中国的教育制度产生了深远的影响。 Fan Zhongyan insisted on/upon establishing a national school system，which had a far-reaching influence on China’s education system. 训练1　Topic Talk(A)　[分值：38.5分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分) 1．The performance of each student is evaluated by their teachers at school. 2．They have begun conversations to promote better understanding between both cities. 3．Actually，what you’re saying now is not consistent with what you said last week. 4．The play’s plot is very simple，but it is great in terms of its significance(意义)． 5．Can you imagine what it is like when a philosopher(哲学家) chats with a comedian？ 6．Cultivating(培养) a positive mental attitude towards yourself can enhance your confidence. 7．The middle-aged man insisted that he hadn’t stolen that computer and that he was innocent. 8．To analyse our collected data，he spared no efforts to help，which made us moved deep down. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共7小题；每小题1.5分，满分10.5分) 1．I have no sympathy(sympathize) for the agent；it’s all her own fault. 2．The politician has given a serious analysis(analyse) of the situation. 3．My mother insisted that I (should) go(go) to bed before 10 o’clock at night. 4．In most people’s view，education is of great significance to one’s growth. 5．Out of sympathy for the homeless children，he gave them shelter for the night. 6．Some stars’ reputation is not consistent with their behaviour，which often lets their fans down. 7．As an educator(educate)，he does whatever he can to help students. Ⅲ.阅读理解 (共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A You may have heard video game characters deliver lines like “Shatter(击碎) the darkness with thunder！” But it’s refreshing to hear it in an unexpected place—the classroom.Xia Zhendong is a physics teacher working at a senior high school in south China.Now in his 30s，Xia has won the hearts of millions of online viewers with his classroom experiments. In one video，Xia pointed a self-made “thunderbolt wand(魔杖)” toward a hanging light tube in his classroom and said，“Shatter the darkness with thunder.” Suddenly，an electric arc(弧线) emerged from the tip of the wand, illuminating the tube.After the cheers from his students，he went on to explain the science behind it—static electricity(静电) and point discharge(尖端放电)． “The idea came when I enjoyed playing a popular game on my smartphone，” he said.In his spare time，he likes to try out what students are interested in to get closer to them.Apart from the “thunderbolt wand”，Xia has done many other creative experiments.Once，he lit steel wool with a battery to show the heating effect of electric current.Another time，he used a “laser weapon” to pop balloons while explaining the principles of lasers. For Xia，physics is supposed to be fun.So，when he saw his students struggle with physics，he decided to make a change.“Circuit diagrams(电路图) are abstract，and I want them to actually see the electricity through lightning to realize that knowledge is not just on paper.You can see it and even touch it，” Xia said.Now，Xia has also started free live classes online.“I hope that through online classes，more students can also have access to fun physics lessons.And their parents can also join in.I hope that physics could make them feel happier，” Xia said. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一名高中物理老师夏振东用新奇的方法做课堂物理实验，以此来教授物理，使学生对物理产生兴趣，并在网上走红的故事。 1．What does the underlined word “illuminating” mean in paragraph 2? A．Shining light on. B．Cutting down on. C．Getting stuck in. D．Taking advantage of. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文“In one video，Xia pointed a self-made ‘thunderbolt wand(魔杖)’ toward a hanging light tube in his classroom and said，‘Shatter the darkness with thunder.’”和画线单词所在句子“Suddenly，an electric arc(弧线) emerged from the tip of the wand, illuminating the tube.”可知，夏老师用“雷电棒”将灯管照亮，由此可推知，画线单词“illuminating”意为“照亮”，故选A。 2．What inspired Xia Zhendong to have such an idea? A．The effect of acting a video game character. B．Online viewers of his videos. C．The pleasure in playing an online game. D．Wild cheers from his students. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，玩网络游戏的乐趣促使夏振东产生了这样的想法，故选C。 3．Why does he start free live classes online? A．Because he hopes to get more students to have his classes. B．Because he wishes to get more parents involved in his lessons. C．Because he expects more students to have fun in learning physics. D．Because he wants to win more hearts of online viewers of his videos. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Now，Xia has also started free live classes online.‘I hope that through online classes，more students can also have access to fun physics lessons.And their parents can also join in.I hope that physics could make them feel happier，’ Xia said.”可知，夏老师在网上开设免费的现场直播课程，是因为他希望更多的学生在学习物理中获得乐趣，故选C。 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．What Makes a Fun Teacher B．Bringing Magic to School C．How to Make Physics Fun D．Getting Students to Learn Physics 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“You may have heard video game characters deliver lines like...Xia has won the hearts of millions of online viewers with his classroom experiments.”可知，文章主要介绍了一名高中物理老师夏振东用新奇的方法做课堂物理实验，并在网上走红的故事。B项“把魔法带到学校”可以作文章最佳标题，故选B。 B There are numerous languages that can provide us with various advantages，ranging from cultural enrichment to trade opportunities.Some of the most notable ones include Chinese，Russian，Arabic，French，and Spanish.Rather than directly teaching these languages，an effective approach to ensure your child’s acquisition of all these languages is through music. Researchers have found music training plays a key role in the development of a foreign language in its grammar，colloquialisms(口语) and vocabulary.One recent study found that when children aged nine and under were taught music for just one hour a week，they exhibited a higher ability to learn both the grammar and the pronunciation of foreign languages，compared to their classmates who had learned a different extra-curricular(课外的) activity. In Finland，it is customary for children to receive musical training from an early age through a playful approach.However，their academic pursuits do not start until the age of seven，with language learning beginning at nine or beyond.Despite this “late start” in all areas except music proficiency，Finnish individuals typically become proficient in three to five foreign languages.Any English-speaking visitor to Finland will find that nearly every Finnish individual communicates in English without any difficulty. Take Ken String fellow，the American singer-songwriter，as an example of the effect of music on the ability to learn foreign languages.Many years ago，well into his thirties，he married a French woman and consequently picked up a whole new language from the beginning.People recording with him in Paris were often amazed at how he had learned it so well without any previous background，but the research explains it.As a musician who made music from childhood，he would have developed his brain’s ability for learning the grammar，semantics(语义) and pronunciation of any new language in adulthood. 5．What contributes to learning foreign languages according to the author? A．Self-teaching. B．Home-schooling. C．Knowing the culture. D．Learning music. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“Rather than directly teaching these languages，an effective approach to ensure your child’s acquisition of all these languages is through music.”可知，作者认为学习音乐对学习外语有帮助。故选D。 6．What is the current research about? A．Children’s common difficulties in foreign language learning. B．Children’s best age for starting music training. C．Children’s music training and foreign language learning. D．Children’s favourite extra-curricular activities. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第二段末句“One recent study found that when children aged nine and under were taught music for just one hour a week，they exhibited a higher ability to learn...”可知，最近的一项研究是关于儿童音乐培训和外语学习之间的关系。故选C。 7．What can we learn about Finnish people? A．Most adults study music regularly. B．Most of them are gifted in music. C．Most of them start learning foreign languages at 7. D．Most adults can speak foreign languages. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由第三段中“Despite this ‘late start’ in all areas except music proficiency，Finnish individuals typically become proficient in three to five foreign languages.”可知，大多数芬兰的成年人都会说外语。故选D。 8．What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A．To prove a research finding. B．To give practical advice. C．To present an argument. D．To solve a problem. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。由最后一段中“Take Ken String fellow，the American singer-songwriter，as an example of the effect of music on the ability to learn foreign languages.”可推知，作者写最后一段的目的是举例证明该研究发现，即音乐学习影响外语习得能力。故选A。 训练2　Topic Talk(B)　[分值：32.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A Like any other child growing up，Nicole LaMont was an outgoing，adventurous and free-spirited child with the dream of becoming a scientist.“My childhood was filled with imagination of adventure and curiosity，” Nicole said.She experienced a normal childhood，but when she was 12 years old，a terrible illness led her to lose her hearing in both ears. “My world was turned upside down，” said Nicole.“I went from being a talkative，joyous child to being quiet and depressed.” However，she came to realize she had to fight when it was determined that her hearing would not return.With her family’s help，Nicole began to learn American Sign Language(ASL)． A year later，she received an operation where she was implanted(植入) a hearing device，which brought back some light to her life and she also learned how to adapt to the new life.It wasn’t until she attended Gallaudet，a school for the deaf，that she fully devoted herself to ASL and the deaf community.“Becoming fluent in ASL and having total communication allowed me to feel a sense of acceptance again，” said Nicole.“I found my confidence and ‘visual(视觉的) voice’ in the performing arts.” It was then that she made her first request，demanding subtitles(字幕) for movie theatres in Alabama.After much struggle，Nicole’s efforts proved successful，and today nearly all movie theatres in Montgomery and Birmingham offer subtitles for the deaf.After graduating from Gallaudet University，Nicole continued to use her new found “visual voice” through taking part in several activities.“By doing this，I want to show that deaf people can achieve much.It’s very important to educate and support hearing families that struggle with making the best decisions for their deaf children’s education，” said Nicole. 语篇解读　本文是记叙文。文章主要介绍了Nicole的励志故事，她在12岁时因生病而丧失听力，但是她没有气馁，而是学习手语，并致力于美国手语和聋人社区服务。 1．Which of the following best describes Nicole’s childhood? A．Fruitful. B．Colorful. C．Lonely. D．Poor. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘My childhood was filled with imagination of adventure and curiosity，’ Nicole said.”可知，Nicole的童年充满了冒险的想象力和好奇心，由此可推知，她的童年是丰富多彩的，故选B。 2．What did Nicole get after she mastered ASL? A．A sense of belonging. B．A hearing device. C．A chance of going to college. D．A totally new treatment. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Becoming fluent in ASL and having total communication allowed me to feel a sense of acceptance again”可知，Nicole掌握美国手语后收获了被接受的感觉，这是一种归属感。故选A。 3．What can we know from the last paragraph? A．Nicole called on all US cinemas to offer subtitles. B．Nicole was going to donate her invention—visual voice. C．Nicole was determined to train more deaf kids to go to school. D．Nicole hoped to promote deaf education in hearing families. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s very important to educate and support hearing families that struggle with making the best decisions for their deaf children’s education”可知，Nicole希望在听力正常的家庭中推广聋人教育。故选D。 4．What’s the best title for the text? A．More Self-control，More Success B．Keep Going，and You Can Make It C．Illness Makes One More Confident D．He Who Laughs Last Laughs Longest 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段可知，文章主要介绍了Nicole的励志故事，她在12岁时丧失听力，但是她没有气馁，而是学习手语，致力于美国手语和聋人社区服务，并取得了显著的成效。故选B。 B Keeping kids busy with various activities provides them with a well-rounded social life.Growing up，I knew many teenagers who were actively involved in both sports and student government.Those teenagers all ended up going to college and graduating.This may not be the situation in all cases，but from what I have noticed，teens who stay active and do good in the community are typically the ones who deal with anxiety and depression(抑郁) better. A 2015 study published by professor of biology Theodore Garland concluded，“If kids exercise regularly through the school years，they may be more likely to exercise as adults，which could have far-reaching positive effects on human health and well-being.Our results suggest that any positive effects of early-life exercise on adult exercise tendencies will require reinforcement(强化) and maintenance if they are to be long-lasting.” This study found that along with physical activity，having a spirit of adventure would also help improve children’s physical and mental health. Some parents disagree.They feel that pushing a child to stay active and involved causes unnecessary stress and can have the opposite effect，making him/her hate being involved or being active.Parents also fear their children will experience failure，which they believe could lead to low self-confidence. The key to helping the youth stay motivated is not pressuring them too hard.People who have strict parents typically rebel(反抗) or feel they will never be good enough.Keep in mind that encouraging the youth to be competitive isn’t the best thing.Some of the unhappiest people I have met are competitive.Positive reinforcement is the best way to keep people motivated. An active and involved youth will show personal qualities that will become useful in the future.Some of these include leadership，teamwork，a healthy lifestyle，educational benefits，respect and trust，which will lead to success in the future. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了让孩子们忙于各种各样的活动可以为他们提供一种全面的社交生活。帮助年轻人保持积极性的关键是不要给他们太大压力。 5．According to the author，what do we know about active teens? A．They get much better education. B．They concentrate more on self-improvement. C．They do well in both sports and management. D．They deal with some mental problems better than others. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“...teens who stay active and do good in the community are typically the ones who deal with anxiety and depression(抑郁) better.”可知，活跃的孩子能更好地应对心理问题，如焦虑和抑郁。故选D。 6．What did the study in 2015 imply? A．The positive effect of early-life exercise is not necessarily lasting. B．Physical activity helps children become more confident. C．Early-life exercise has positive effects on relationships. D．School life experience has a long-lasting influence. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的“Our results suggest that any positive effects of early-life exercise on adult exercise tendencies will require reinforcement(强化) and maintenance if they are to be long-lasting.”可知，早期的锻炼活动对于成年后的发展的积极影响需要强化和维护才能持久，即可推知，早期锻炼活动的积极影响未必会持久。故选A。 7．Why are some parents against teens’ being active? A．They believe it may take a lot of time. B．They think it is unnecessary to push kids. C．They are worried about the opposite effect. D．They are afraid it makes their children feel depressed. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“They feel that pushing a child to stay active and involved causes unnecessary stress and can have the opposite effect，making him/her hate being involved or being active.”可知，家长们担心强迫孩子保持活跃会达到相反的效果。故选C。 8．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The importance of trusting the youth. B．The key to keeping the youth motivated. C．The possible problem faced by the youth. D．The reasons for helping the youth stay positive. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段“The key to helping the youth stay motivated is not pressuring them too hard.People who have strict parents...”可知，该段主要讲了使年轻人保持积极性的关键所在。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Educational travel can consist of a simple excursion，such as visiting your local post office，or a longer trip，such as a trip to Egypt to see the pyramids up close.__1__ Consider planning educational travel with your children，in your own town or to other places in the world. Time with family. Taking your children on educational traveling experiences ensures that your family will be spending quality time together.According to New Mexico State University，time spent with parents can help children to feel secure in their relationship and may help parents to get to know their kids better.__2__ Hands-on learning. Outside of school，a child on an educational trip is free to search deeply into whatever he is learning about.An archaeological dig，for example，provides the opportunity for a child to experience the sights，sounds and experience of digging for and identifying fossils.__3__ Your child may be able to decorate a cookie at a bakery excursion or milk a cow during a visit to a nearby farm. 　4　 If you have the opportunity to take your child on a vacation to another country，she will acquire an appreciation for the differences and similarities that exist between different cultures.Tasting foreign foods，hearing different languages and visiting homes in other countries can be an eye-opening experience for a child or an adult. New perspective on history. __5__Her pre-teen son，who had always considered history boring，fell in love with American history after hearing storytellers tell shocking tales of the experiences of people during the Civil War.Seeing and experiencing historical sites can make history come alive for young people. A．Learning different languages. B．Appreciation for different cultures. C．Educational travel is expensive but wonderful. D．Small day trips can have similar hands-on benefits. E．Judith Waite tells the experience of visiting historical sites. F．Educational travel also allows parents and children to learn together. G．Choosing to take your children on trips can offer more benefits than the knowledge. 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了教育旅行的意义，以及教育旅行对于家长和孩子的好处。 1．答案　G 解析　上文描述了教育旅行的两种方式——短途和长途旅行，下文讲了与孩子进行教育旅行的计划，空处应讲带着孩子进行教育旅行的好处，G项符合语境。故选G。 2．答案　F 解析　由本段空处上文可知，教育旅行有利于亲子关系的建立，F选项“教育旅行也可以让父母和孩子一起学习”顺承上文，继续讲教育旅行对父母和孩子的好处。故选F。 3．答案　D 解析　由本段小标题和空处上下文可知，本段描述孩子们进行教育旅行可以学习到很多实际操作的知识，D选项引出下文一日游的具体活动，符合语境。故选D。 4．答案　B 解析　空处是段落小标题，概括本段主旨。根据下文“If you have the opportunity to take your child on a vacation to another country，she will acquire an appreciation for the differences and similarities that exist between different cultures.”可知，本段讲的是了解不同国家的文化会让孩子大开眼界，B选项“欣赏不同文化”适合作为本段标题。故选B。 5．答案　E 解析　根据下文“Seeing and experiencing historical sites can make history come alive for young people.”并结合本段小标题可知，本段讲了参观历史遗址的经历，E选项“朱迪思·韦特讲述了参观历史遗迹的经历”中Judith Waite与下文Her对应，且此选项符合本段主旨。故选E。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $