Unit 5 Section Ⅱ Reading and Thinking（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（人教版）

本高中英语讲义围绕“烧伤与急救”核心主题，构建“皮肤功能-烧伤成因与分类-急救措施”知识链条，通过速读理解文意、细读获取细节、读后语法填空与句子分析的学习支架，引导学生逐步深入文本。 资料以语言能力培养为核心，通过语法填空、重点词块默写及复合句结构分析提升语言运用能力，结合阅读理解的推理题与话题写作任务发展思维品质与学习能力。课中分层练习辅助教师高效教学，课后训练题助力学生巩固知识、查漏补缺。

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the passage? A．How to perform the first aid for burns. B．The functions of the skin. C．The burns and their first-aid treatment. D．The characteristics of burns. 答案　C Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 What is the structure of the passage? 答案　C Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What type would burns caused by hot liquids belong to? A．First-degree burns. B．Second-degree burns. C．Third-degree burns. D．Not mentioned. 答案　B 2．What are the characteristics of first-degree burns? A．Dry，red and mildly swollen. B．Red and swollen with watery surface. C．Black，white and mildly painful. D．Black，swollen and extremely painful. 答案　A 3．What shouldn’t be done when a person gets burnt? A．Removing clothing if necessary. B．Drying the burnt area gently. C．Cooling burns immediately. D．Applying oil to the burns. 答案　D 4．Who is the passage written for? A．Parents who love children. B．Those who need first-aid knowledge. C．People who will be doctors. D．Paramedics who need further training. 答案　B 5．What’s the writer’s tone in writing the passage? A．Objective. B．Subjective. C．Enthusiastic. D．Unconcerned. 答案　A Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 The skin，which acts as a barrier against disease，toxins and the sun’s rays，is 1.an essential part of your body and is its largest organ.So if your skin gets 2.burnt/burned(burn)，it can be very serious.The causes of burns can be a 3.variety(vary) of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，acids and so on.4.Depending(depend) on the depth of skin damage，they are called first，second or third-degree burns.First-degree burns affect only the top few millimetres of the skin and it turns white 5.when/if pressed.Second-degree burns go below the top layer of the skin，including burns 6.caused(cause) by hot liquids.Third-degree burns affect every layer of the skin，and sometimes the tissue underneath it,7.which causes little or no pain if nerves 8.are damaged(damage)． We should do some first aid if burns happen.If the burns are slight，place burns under cool running water，which can stop the burning process and reduce the pain and swelling.If necessary，remove any clothes using scissors unless the fabric sticks 9.to the burnt skin.If the victim is suffering badly，there is an urgent need 10.to take(take) him/her to the hospital at once. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．It also helps control your body temperature，prevents your body from losing(lose) too much water，warns you when things are too hot or cold，and gives you your sense of touch. (P50 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是复合句，when引导的是时间状语从句，而主句中有四个并列谓语动词：helps，prevents，warns和gives。 汉语翻译：皮肤还有助于控制体温，防止身体流失过多的水分，在外物过热或过冷时发出警告，并使你拥有触觉。 2．As you can imagine，getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries(injury). (P50 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是复合句，其中getting burnt是动名词短语作主语，As you can imagine是as引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。 汉语翻译：可想而知，烧/烫伤会造成非常严重的后果。 3．The first and most important step in the treatment(treat) of burns is giving first aid. (P50 Para.1) 结构分析：此句是简单句，其中giving first aid是动名词短语作表语。 汉语翻译：在处理烧/烫伤时，第一步也是最重要的一步就是采取急救措施。 4．Burns are divided(divide) into three types，depending on the depth of skin damage. (P50 Para.3) 结构分析：此句是简单句，depending on the depth of skin damage是动词-ing短语作状语。 汉语翻译：根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧/烫伤可分为三类。 5．Examples(example) include mild sunburn and burns caused by other minor household incidents. (P50 Para.4) 结构分析：此句是简单句，caused by...incidents是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词burns。 汉语翻译：例如轻度的晒伤和其他轻微家庭事故造成的烧/烫伤。 6．Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea，as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. (P51 Para.11) 结构分析：此句是复合句，动名词短语 Applying oil to the injured areas在句中作主语；as引导原因状语从句。 汉语翻译：在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染。 7．If burns are on the face，make sure the victim can still breathe(breath). (P51 Para.12) 结构分析：此句是复合句，if引导的是条件状语从句；the victim can still...是省略that的宾语从句，作make sure的宾语。 汉语翻译：如果烧伤部位在脸上，应确保伤者仍可呼吸。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 祈使句 Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary，unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. (P51 Para.10) 如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧/烫伤部位的衣服，除非你看到衣服与被烧/烫伤的皮肤粘连在一起。 结构分析：此句是复合句，主句Remove any clothes...是祈使句，using scissors是动词-ing短语作状语；if necessary是if的省略结构的惯用表达，意为“如果有必要”，相当于 “if it is necessary”；unless引导的是条件状语从句。 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————•用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。 •肯定的祈使句结构 ①Be＋形容词/名词 ②Let＋宾语＋动词原形＋其他成分 ③动词原形＋其他成分 •否定的祈使句结构 ①Don’t＋动词原形＋其他成分 ②Let’s＋not＋动词原形＋其他成分 ③Never＋动词原形＋其他成分 •祈使句常用句型 ①祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝ If...，＋主句 ②祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句＝If...not，＋主句 ③名词词组＋and＋陈述句 ———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————— (1)请安静。让我们开始上有关中国餐桌礼仪的课。精通它们，你会在中国感到舒服自在。 Be quiet，please. Let’s begin our class on table manners in China. Have a good command of them，and you will feel at ease in China. (2)他大喊：“勇敢点！不要灰心！”他的声音里满含希望。 He yelled at the top of his voice，“Be brave！Never/Don’t lose heart！” His voice was full of hope. (3)绝不要戏弄残疾人。不要以貌取人。 Never play tricks on the disabled. Don’t judge a person by his appearance. (4)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)再往前一步，我就会掉下悬崖，这吓得我汗毛都竖起来了。 One more step forward/Take one more step forward and I will fall off the cliff，which makes my hair stand on end. (5)If you don’t inform me of the exact time of your arrival，I won’t know when to pick you up at the airport. →Inform me of the exact time of your arrival，or/otherwise I won’t know when to pick you up at the airport.(用“祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句”改写) if省略结构 if省略结构的惯用表达如下： if possible如果可能的话 if so如果是这样的话 if not如果不是这样的话 if ever如果曾经有过的话 if any如果真有的话 (1)如有必要，你可以采取紧急措施以避免进一步的伤害。 You can take urgent measures to avoid further injuries if necessary. (2)如果可能的话，你可以来北京度假。如果你来的话，我将带你参观颐和园。如果你不来的话，我就报名参加夏令营。 If possible，you can come to Beijing for a holiday.If so，I’ll show you around the Summer Palace.If not，I will enrol in a summer camp. (3)他极少向困难屈服，如果曾经有过的话。在他看来，如果真有的话，问题要及时解决。 Rarely，if ever，has he given in to difficulties.In his opinion，problems，if any，should be solved without delay. 条件状语从句 条件状语从句的引导词除了unless，常见的还有on condition that...，if，in case，as/so long as等。 注意：“only＋if从句”放句首，主句需用部分倒装 (1)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)除非我们坚持每天读英文报，我们的英语水平才会得到提高。 Unless we insist on reading the English newspaper every day，our English level won’t get improved. (2)(2021·全国甲，书面表达)若你告诉我哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人，我能够把这次主题班会组织得很好。如果你能帮我，我将不胜感激。 I can organize the theme class meeting perfectly on condition that you tell me which traditional Chinese cultures attract foreigners most.I’d appreciate it if you could do me a favor. (3)要是你需要我的帮助，这是我的电话号码。只要你给我打电话，我会马上去帮你。 In case you need my help，here’s my phone number.As/So long as you call me，I will come to your aid without delay. (4)(话题写作之环境保护)只有每个人承担起保护环境的责任，我们才能够建立一个更美好的世界。(倒装句) Only if everyone takes responsibility to protect the environment can we build a more beautiful world. 课文重点词块默写 1．充当 act as 2．控制你的体温 control your body temperature 3．保护……免于…… prevent...from... 4．被灼伤 get burnt 5．导致 lead to 6．进行急救 give first aid 7．各种各样的 a variety of 8．被分为 be divided into 9．家庭事件 household incident 10．去医院 go to the hospital 11．减轻疼痛 reduce the pain 12．如果必要的话 if necessary 13．确保 make sure 14．患有；遭受 suffer from 15．有做某事的迫切需要 there is an urgent need to do sth 训练3　Reading and Thinking(A) (分值：40分) Ⅰ.完成句子(话题写作之流鼻血的急救方法)(满分15分) 1．遵循以下技巧，我们可以轻松地帮助那些流鼻血的人止血。 Follow the following techniques and we can aid those with nosebleeds to stop bleeding with ease. 2．首先，敦促他们应直立或者稍微往前倾斜身体，而不是仰着头。 Firstly，it is urged that they (should) stand upright or slightly forward rather than keeping their head back. 3．另外，往他们的头上或鼻子上放一条冷毛巾能够缓解他们的状况。 Besides，putting a cold towel on their head or nose can ease them of their situation/ease their situation. 4．如果没有缓解状况，我们可以把手指放在鼻子两侧三到五分钟，然后缓慢拿开手指。 If not，we can put our fingers on both sides of the nose for 3－5 minutes and slowly let go. 5．如果以上方法不奏效，急需把患者送往医院。 If the above methods don’t work，there is an urgent need to send the victims to hospital. 组句成篇以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分) (2024·广东揭阳高二联考) Paris Baker is a 30-year-old mother who has two daughters，Kallie，nine，and Harper，five. One day，the three were playing at home.Harper was playing mom，feeding her mother，then her teddy bear and finally herself.Suddenly，Paris started choking on a piece of cookie.Soon，the cookie was at the back of her throat.The two girls started hitting her back at once.After about a minute of hitting her back，Kallie went to call an ambulance as she started to worry.As she did this the other girl carried on doing what she had been doing and thankfully the cookie finally came up. Paris was diagnosed(诊断) with motor neurone disease(MND) in 2017，and was told she had five years to live.The condition will gradually paralyse(使……瘫痪) her，leaving her trapped inside her body. Due to her condition，she’s more likely to fall and has received serious injuries.She felt it was very important to teach her girls what to do in a dangerous situation she might be in.This included applying pressure to a bleeding wound，what to do if someone is choking and how to call emergency services. The girls know that if their dad isn’t home and an emergency happens there are three steps.Step one is to ring 999，ask for an ambulance and give their address.Step two is to put their dogs in the garden，and step three is to open the front door for the emergency services. After the accident，Paris was so grateful that she had taught her daughters what to do in such a situation.But accidents like that can happen to anyone.So if your kid hasn’t learned first-aid skills yet，it’s time to do that now. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述帕里斯被一块饼干噎住了，她的两个女儿对她进行了急救。文章通过这个故事告诉人们急救的重要性。 1．How did the two girls react as their mother choked? A．They called an ambulance at once. B．They took action as soon as possible. C．They were too frightened to do anything. D．They tried to carry their mother somewhere else. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Suddenly，Paris started choking on a piece of cookie.Soon，the cookie was at the back of her throat.The two girls started hitting her back at once...As she did this the other girl carried on doing what she had been doing and thankfully the cookie finally came up.”可知，当她们的母亲被一块饼干噎住时，两个女孩尽快采取了行动。故选B。 2．Why did Paris teach her two girls first-aid skills? A．She knew she’d need their help. B．She wanted them to help others. C．She planned to make them doctors. D．She was afraid of losing them in accidents. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Due to her condition，she’s more likely to fall and has received serious injuries.She felt it was very important to teach her girls what to do in a dangerous situation she might be in.”可知，帕里斯之所以教她的两个女儿急救技能，是因为她知道她会需要她们的帮助。故选A。 3．What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph? A．To introduce useful first-aid skills. B．To explain kids’ role in stopping accidents. C．To encourage the learning of first-aid skills. D．To tell readers what to do in an emergency. 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。根据最后一段中“But accidents like that can happen to anyone.So if your kid hasn’t learned first-aid skills yet，it’s time to do that now.”可推断，作者写最后一段的目的是鼓励人们让孩子学习急救技能。故选C。 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．A Game Puts a Mother’s Life at Great Risk B．A Mother Teaches Her Daughters a Life Lesson C．Girls Learn First-Aid Skills from Their Mother D．Girls Save Their Mother’s Life Using First-aid Skills 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述帕里斯被一块饼干噎住了，她的两个女儿对她进行了急救。因此“Girls Save Their Mother’s Life Using First-aid Skills”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) (2024·福建莆田高二期末) It was in Australia.By mid-afternoon on Thursday，Adrian Main was working outside in the 1 .Over the years，he had 2 many animals while digging around in soil，but he knew how to 3 the dangerous ones. Now his shovel(铲子) was in his car，parked 50 meters away.He considered getting it，but the job was 4 .So he used his hands instead.Just as his fingers slid under the pile of 5 ，he felt a 6 pain in his left hand.Adrian quickly 7 out his hand，seeing a spider biting his finger. Adrian knew immediately that the spider was a Sydney funnel-web(漏斗型蜘蛛)，the 8 in Australia.He 9 his hand up and down to throw off the spider.It finally let go and dropped to fallen leaves again. He 10 to his co-worker，Phil，who was working close by.Phil 11 his shovel and ran over.The pair calmly walked to the car while Adrian pressed down on his finger to 12 the spread of venom(毒液) into his bloodstream.They both knew a bite like this，if left untreated，could 13 death within an hour. 14 ，the forests where they worked was not very far from the hospital.Adrian walked into the emergency department with 15 still streaming down his finger.He calmly told the nurse that he’d been bitten by a Sydney funnel-web.He finally was saved. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Adrian Main在森林工作的时候被漏斗网蜘蛛咬伤，在同事菲尔的帮助下及时得到救治的故事。 1．A.woods B．zoo C．yard D．park 答案　A 解析　根据下文“ ，the forests where they worked was not very far from the hospital.”可知，Adrian在森林里工作，空处和“forests”对应。故选A。 2．A.saved B．hurt C．killed D．encountered 答案　D 解析　save节省，拯救；hurt使受伤；kill杀死；encounter遇到。根据上文和“digging around in soil”可知，Adrian在森林里工作，所以在工作过程中会遇到过许多动物。故选D。 3．A.struggle with B．come across C．tell apart D．look after 答案　C 解析　struggle with与……斗争；come across偶然遇到；tell apart区分，分辨。上文说Adrian在森林中遇到过许多动物，结合句中转折连词“but”和“the dangerous ones”可推知，虽然会遇到过许多动物，但他能识别哪些是危险的。故选C。 4．A.dangerous B．small C．steady D．demanding 答案　B 解析　dangerous危险的；steady稳定的；demanding要求高的。根据下文“So he used his hands instead.”可推知，Adrian最终决定不用铲子而直接用手，说明任务小，很简单，不需要工具。故选B。 5．A.branches B．leaves C．soil D．waste 答案　B 解析　branch树枝；soil土壤；waste废物。根据下文“He his hand up and down to throw off the spider.It finally let go and dropped to fallen leaves again.”可知，他把手指伸到了树叶下面，此处是信息词leaves的词汇复现。故选B。 6．A.slight B．bearable C．sharp D．lasting 答案　C 解析　slight轻微的；bearable可忍受的；sharp剧烈的，强烈的；lasting持续的。根据下文“Adrian quickly out his hand，seeing a spider biting his finger.”可知，剧烈的疼痛让Adrian迅速把手抽了出来。故选C。 7．A.pulled B．put C．reached D．checked 答案　A 解析　pull拉，拽。根据上文“Just as his fingers slid under the pile of ”可知，他把手伸到了树叶下面，所以现在是把手抽出来。故选A。 8．A.mildest B．wildest C．strongest D．deadliest 答案　D 解析　mild温和的；wild狂野的；deadly致命的。根据下文“They both knew a bite like this，if left untreated，could death within an hour.”可推知，漏斗网蜘蛛是最致命的。故选D。 9．A.kept B．waved C．checked D．pushed 答案　B 解析　wave挥舞；check检查；push推。根据句中“up and down to throw off the spider”可知，他挥舞手来甩掉蜘蛛。故选B。 10．A.shouted B．showed C．jumped D．whispered 答案　A 解析　shout喊叫；whisper低语。根据句中“Phil，who was working close by”可知，Adrian向附近的同事大喊求助。故选A。 11．A.dropped B．took C．folded D．packed 答案　A 解析　drop丢弃；fold折叠；pack打包。结合常识和句中“his shovel”可知，知道Adrian遇险，所以Phil扔下铲子就跑了过来。故选A。 12．A.clear B．forbid C．ignore D．slow 答案　D 解析　clear清除；forbid禁止；ignore忽视；slow减缓。结合常识和句中“Adrian pressed down on his finger”与“the spread of venom(毒液) into his bloodstream”可推知，按住被咬的手指可以减缓毒液在血液中流动的速度。故选D。 13．A.add to B．turn to C．lead to D．adjust to 答案　C 解析　add to增加；turn to转向；lead to导致；adjust to适应。根据句中“if left untreated”可知，被澳大利亚最致命的蜘蛛咬伤，如果不及时治疗，会导致死亡。故选C。 14．A.Gradually B．Fortunately C．Therefore D．Actually 答案　B 解析　gradually逐渐地；fortunately幸运地；therefore因此；actually事实上。根据下文“the forests where they worked was not very far from the hospital”可知，他们离医院不远，这是幸运的事情。故选B。 15．A.poison B．sweat C．blood D．liquid 答案　C 解析　poison毒药；sweat汗水；blood血液；liquid液体。根据句中“streaming down his finger”可知，是血液从伤口中流出来。故选C。 训练4　Reading and Thinking(B) (分值：32.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) A Medical artificial intelligence(AI) can perform with expert-level accuracy and deliver cost-effective care.IBM’s Watson diagnoses heart disease better than doctors do.Chatbots give better medical advice to patients in place of nurses.Smartphone apps can now detect skin cancer.Some forecast that medical AI will enter most hospitals and replace what quite a few doctors currently do.Yet，as recent researches suggest，patients show a strong reluctance to medical AI—a big challenge the health care system will really face. The reason is not the belief that AI provides inferior care.Nor is it that patients think that AI is more costly，less convenient，or less informative.Rather，it seems that AI does not take into account one’s specific characteristics and circumstances.People view themselves as unique.By contrast，they see AI medical care as inflexible and standardized-suited to treat an average patient but not enough to deal with unique individual circumstances.It is no wonder that medical AI providers are given a cold welcome. There are a number of steps that care providers can take to overcome patients’ resistance to medical AI.For example，they can remove the concerns about being treated as an average patient by giving their recommendations specifically and uniquely.If so，patients in doubt would be as likely to follow the treatment recommendations of the AI provider as they would be to follow those of a human physician.In addition，health care providers could also deliver individualized health care by explaining how the algorithms(算法) work and sharing patients’ reviews of the service with the media.Having a physician confirm the recommendation of an AI provider should make people more receptive to AI-based care.People are comfortable using medical AI if a physician remains in charge of the final decision. AI-based health care technologies are being developed and employed at an impressive rate，providing better medical services for the patients.But utilizing the full potential of them will require that we first overcome patients’ skepticism. 语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了医疗人工智能发展迅速，但要想充分发挥其潜力，需要首先解决人们对它的抗拒。 1．How does the author explain the uses of medical AI in paragraph one? A．By listing data. B．By doing experiments. C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Medical artificial intelligence(AI) can perform with expert-level accuracy and deliver cost-effective care...Chatbots give better medical advice to patients in place of nurses.Smartphone apps can now detect skin cancer.”可知，医疗人工智能能够进行专业化的操作和提供低成本的护理，并举了Watson、聊天机器人、智能手机应用程序的例子来说明人工智能在医疗领域的应用。故选C。 2．What holds back the wide application of medical AI most probably? A．Its high cost. B．Its misdiagnosis. C．Its inconvenience. D．Its inflexibility. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“By contrast，they see AI medical care as inflexible and standardized-suited to treat an average patient but not enough to deal with unique individual circumstances.It is no wonder that medical AI providers are given a cold welcome.”可知，是医疗人工智能的不灵活阻碍了它的广泛应用。故选D。 3．What is suggested to make medical AI acceptable to patients? A．Treating patients to be average. B．Offering personalized cure plans. C．Updating the algorithms in time. D．Keeping away from the physician. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example，they can remove the concerns about being treated as an average patient by giving their recommendations specifically and uniquely.”可知，可以把人们当作个体来治疗，给患者提出个性化的治疗方案，从而让医疗人工智能为患者所接受。故选B。 4．What does the underlined word “skepticism” probably mean? A．Distrust. B．Mystery. C．Fantasy. D．Criticism. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据第一段中“patients show a strong reluctance to medical AI—a big challenge the health care system will really face”可知，患者对医疗人工智能表现出强烈的不情愿；根据第三段中“they can remove the concerns about being treated as an average patient by giving their recommendations specifically and uniquely”可知，患者对人工智能持有怀疑态度，他们担心自己会被当作普通患者进行治疗。由此可知，skepticism意为“怀疑”。故选A。 B A new electronic bandage(绷带) uses flashes of light to kill bacteria.No antibiotics(抗生素) needed.The bandage has small LED bulbs that produce a type of high-energy light called ultraviolet-C (UVC) when it is put into use.UVC light is often used by doctors and dentists to sterilize(消毒) medical equipment.However，using UVC to sterilize wounds has been a challenge because it requires a source of energy.Typically，these bandages needed heavy batteries，but the new bandage is powered by wireless technology，without the need for heavy batteries.This allows the bandage to be more comfortable and flexible to wear and results in fewer used batteries in the trash. The electricity for the bandage comes from a “powering coil(线圈)”，which is a piece of fabric with copper wires in it.It is similar to how electric toothbrushes get their energy when placed in their charging cradles，according to Stephen Beeby，who led the team that created the bandage. While the team didn’t invent wireless power or light-emitting bandages，they are the first to combine these technologies to create a UV antibacterial system that operates entirely wirelessly，as explained by Mahmoud Wagih，a co-worker of Beeby.The bandage may not look novel from the outside，but inside it contains a flexible strip with tiny LED electronics that emit the UV light.When applied，the bandage periodically flashes UV light onto the wound’s surface to effectively remove hidden bacteria. Amirhossein Hajiaghajani，a wireless power researcher，sees potential in this bandage but notes some challenge for its widespread use.The bandage needs to be within a certain range of its wireless energy source，the powering coil，which is currently about 20 to 30 centimeters.Hajiaghajani believes that this range is limited and suggests that expanding it will be a key focus for future development. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型电子绷带，它可以通过产生紫外线为伤口消毒。 5．What does the new electronic bandage do to sterilize wounds? A．Give off heat. B．Apply antibiotics. C．Produce UVC light. D．Rely on heavy batteries. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“The bandage has small LED bulbs...using UVC to sterilize wounds has been a challenge because it requires a source of energy.”可知，新型电子绷带通过产生紫外线为伤口消毒。故选C。 6．How is the working principle of the bandage explained in paragraph 3? A．By giving an example. B．By drawing a comparison. C．By providing an argument. D．By describing a process. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“When applied，the bandage periodically flashes UV light onto the wound’s surface to effectively remove hidden bacteria.”可推知，第三段通过描述杀菌过程来解释绷带的工作原理。故选D。 7．What is a unique achievement of Beeby and his team? A．Inventing wireless power. B．Creating light-emitting bandages. C．Making a bandage novel both inside and out. D．Pioneering a wireless UV antibacterial bandage. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“While the team...first to combine these technologies to create a UV antibacterial system that operates entirely wirelessly”可知，Beeby和他的团队独特的成就是首创无线UV抗菌绷带。故选D。 8．What does Hajiaghajani say about the widespread use of the bandage? A．It faces a challenge. B．It proves beneficial. C．It is highly unlikely. D．It raises deep concerns. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Amirhossein Hajiaghajani，a wireless power researcher，sees potential in this bandage but notes some challenge for its widespread use.”可知，绷带的广泛应用面临着挑战。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Nose bleeds occur when the inner lining of one’s nose is hurt or dry. 1 If you understand the causes of nose bleeds and know how to handle them，you can better manage your own nose bleeds and prevent future bleeding. Position your body. If you don’t have a serious issue that led to your nose bleed，you can perform some first aid at home during a nose bleed to help stop it. 2 Then，lean head forward so that the blood flows through the nostrils(鼻孔)． Compress the nose. With a finger and thumb，pinch(捏) the lower end of the nose，completely blocking the nostrils.Pinching at this point directly applies pressure at the region where the blood vessels(血管) are damaged. 3 Keep pinching the nose for 10 minutes，then release.While you do this，breathe through the mouth. 　4　 Lowering your body temperature can help reduce the blood flow to your nose.To do this，place ice cubes in your mouth.This helps achieve a lower temperature sooner than cooling the external part of the nose.It also will help you remain at the lower temperature for longer. Use oxymetazoline(羟甲唑啉) nasal sprays(喷剂)． While you have a nose bleed but not on a regular basis，you can try a nose spray if you don’t have high blood pressure issues.This medication partly narrows the blood vessels in your nose. 5 Sprays are used only if bleeding doesn’t stop on pinching the nose after the first 10 minutes. A．Keep yourself calm. B．Cool yourself down. C．This sends pressure to the bleeding point and stops the flow of blood. D．Its resulting damage to small blood vessels in the nose causes bleeding. E．To begin，sit down，since it is more comfortable to seat yourself than standing. F．Frequent use of this drug，which is more than 3－4 days at a time，can cause addiction. G．If the bleeding continues after 10 to 15 minutes，repeat spraying the drug 3 times on both sides of the nose. 1．答案　D 解析　根据上文“Nose bleeds occur when the inner lining of one’s nose is hurt or dry.”可知，当一个人的鼻子内膜受伤或干燥时，就会发生鼻出血。选项D“它对鼻子中的小血管造成的损伤会导致出血”符合题意，且Its指代前面的“the inner lining”，下文提到了解了鼻子出血的原因后的事情，故选D。 2．答案　E 解析　根据下文“Then，lean head forward so that the blood flows through the nostrils(鼻孔)．”可知，空处应讲在之前要先做什么。选项E“首先，坐下，因为坐着比站着更舒服”切题，故选E。 3．答案　C 解析　根据上文“Pinching at this point directly applies pressure at the region where the blood vessels(血管) are damaged.”可知，要在出血点上施加压力，所以空处应承接前文，讲述这样做的作用是什么。选项C“这会给出血点施加压力，阻止血液流动”符合题意，故选C。 4．答案　B 解析　空处为段落标题句。根据下文“Lowering your body temperature can help reduce the blood flow to your nose.”可知，要让身体的温度降下来，所以选项B“让自己凉一下”符合题意。故选B。 5．答案　F 解析　下文“Sprays are used only if bleeding doesn’t stop on pinching the nose after the first 10 minutes.”说明喷雾剂的使用场合，因而空处应该讲述对这种药物过度使用可能会造成不良的结果。选项F“频繁使用这种药物，一次超过3－4天，可能会导致上瘾”切题，故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $