Unit 4 Journey across a vast land 同题异文 群文阅读（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册学习笔记（人教版）

A 本文选自：外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 5 MACQUARIE ISLAND：from Chaos to Conservation I am standing on Macquarie Island，in the South-west Pacific Ocean，halfway between Australia and Antarctica.Strong winds and stormy seas have helped sculpt its long，thin shape.The green grass and bare rock of its landscape contrast dramatically，giving it a wild and natural beauty.No visitor would think it surprising that the island is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Nor would they fail to imagine how its native inhabitants，including royal penguins，king penguins，and elephant seals，existed in perfect harmony with their natural habitat for thousands of years. But the island’s more recent history tells a different story.It’s a tragic story that began in 1810 when humans arrived on the island. In their ships they unknowingly brought rats and mice.These small animals quickly took over the island，eating the birds’ eggs and attacking baby birds.Cats were brought to the island to control the rats and mice.Unfortunately，the cats subsequently developed an appetite for the birds，too. Meanwhile，rabbits were introduced to the island as a source of food for humans.Loose on the island，they did what rabbits do best—they multiplied rapidly and began eating the native vegetation and digging holes，which caused soil erosion.The exploding rabbit population provided plentiful food for the cats，meaning that the number of cats also increased.This in turn led to more cats hunting the birds.The end result was that parakeets，once large in number and native to the island，died out in 1891. Even after Macquarie Island became an official nature reserve in the 1970s，the rabbits remained out of control.Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island. With this goal in mind，a virus was released onto the island.But although the virus caused the rabbit population to decrease from 130,000 to around 10,000，it also meant less food for the cats.The cats in consequence turned their attention—and their stomachs—back to the native birds，killing up to 60,000 each year.In the 1980s，traps and dogs were used to catch the cats.The last Macquarie Island cat was caught in 2000. But as the saying goes，“While the cat’s away，the mice will play.” With the departure of the cats from the island，the mouse and rat population started to increase.And remember those 10,000 or so rabbits? It turned out that they developed an immunity to the virus，and their numbers exploded once again. Then，in 2006，the rabbits’ digging caused some land to collapse，and killed a substantial number of penguins.This incident made it clear that the rat，mouse and rabbit problem needed solving once and for all. So，I am here on Macquarie Island to participate in the programme to tackle this very problem.The first step involved poison being dropped from helicopters.The next step is to remove the last remaining invading species，and that’s where I come in—with my dogs. They have been trained to find every last one，without harming the native animals.This intervention is a long，much-delayed ending to a sad story，but we humans owe it to the island to give it a happy ending. Postscript：In 2014，Macquarie Island was declared pest-free and the island’s ecology is finally on the road to recovery. 词汇积累 1．chaos n．混乱；紊乱 2．sculpt v．使具有某种形状；雕刻，雕塑 3．bare adj.光秃秃的；荒芜的 4．dramatically adv.显著地 5．inhabitant n．栖息动物 6．penguin n．企鹅 7．unknowingly adv.不知不觉地，不经意中 8．rat n．老鼠 9．erosion n．侵蚀 10．parakeet n．长尾(小)鹦鹉 11．postscript n．附言 12．pest n．有害小动物；害虫 1．What caused some land to collapse at the beginning of the 21st century? A．The departure of the cats from the island. B．The increasing population of mice and rats. C．The digging of the rabbits. D．The death of a number of penguins. 答案　C 2．Why were the dogs introduced to the island? A．To decrease the number of cats. B．To kill the mice. C．To catch the rabbits. D．To diversify the species. 答案　A 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Those trained dogs may cause other bad effects. B．The intervention is long but worthwhile. C．Poison can harm the negative animals. D．The author is unsure about the result. 答案　B 4．What’s the main idea of the text? A．How Macquarie Island was saved from destruction. B．Strong winds and stormy seas around the Macquarie Island. C．Macquarie Island’s tragic story. D．What people’s intervention on the island was. 答案　A 5．Where may be the text taken from? A．A travel brochure. B．A journal of environmental protection. C．A guidebook. D．A novel. 答案　B B 本文节选自：BBC Do you know anyone who has gone backpacking? It’s a type of travel that is low-cost and independent，often meaning no fixed plans regarding accommodation or destination. The word ‘backpacking’ comes from ‘backpack’，a type of bag that you carry on your back. Travellers typically fill a backpack with life essentials，like clothing，plus anything extra needed for adventure. The stereotypical view of a backpacker is someone in their 20s，keen to tick off items on their bucket list. But，forget this. You’re about to find out that anyone can backpack. Last year，my best friend’s parents retired at aged 65 and set off on a 630-mile trail along the southwest coast of England. Each carrying a 15kg backpack，Mike and Lorraine hiked along cliffs，explored golden sandy beaches and even cycled. For accommodation，they didn’t pre-book but stayed in whatever they could find on the day，which varied from B & Bs to camping in fields full of sheep. They did stop for the occasional well-deserved cup of tea—they were in England after all. Backpackers are also known for travelling with little money，but few begin with as little as Othmane Zolati from Morocco. In 2015，he embarked on an almost four-year journey，but he started out with just $80(￡64). He zigzagged across 24 countries on the African continent and filmed his experience，aiming to show the world the diversity and beauty of Africa，all on a shoestring budget. He told BBC What’s New that he often had to work odd jobs and rely on the kindness of strangers to be able to afford to keep travelling. But it was worth it. South Africa was Othmane’s final destination and，on reaching it，he said “It was one of the best moments in my life. It made me know that if you fight for something，you really stick to that goal...then you will reach it”． So，don’t give up. If you want to travel，you can，no matter your age or budget! 词汇积累 1．backpack n．(徒步旅行或登山时用的)背包 2．stereotypical adj.刻板印象的，类型化的 3．tick off (在清单上)勾出(做完的事情) 4．bucket list 人生愿望清单 5．trail n．小道 6．pre-book v．预订 7．embark on 开始 8．zigzag v．曲折前进 9．shoestring budget 极少的预算 10．odd job 零工，杂活 1．Why does the author mention Mike and Lorraine’s hike? A．To prove Mike and Lorraine’s good physical health. B．To show there are no age limits in backpacking. C．To exhibit the charm of backpacking. D．To illustrate the meaning of backpacking. 答案　B 2．What does Othmane Zolati think of his backpacking? A．Painstaking and meaningless. B．Comfortable and meaningful. C．Tough but rewarding. D．Trouble-free and beneficial. 答案　C 3．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To persuade. B．To entertain. C．To inform. D．To report. 答案　A C 本文选自：CGTN Gather together a couple of good friends and take a leisurely stroll through the streets—this is what many youngsters in China enjoy doing when they visit a new city. To them，Citywalk means “roaming around the city” on foot.Participants can follow a distinctive urban route，soaking up the atmosphere，exploring old buildings，browsing fashion shops，sipping a cup of coffee，or indulging in authentic local snacks. What is Citywalk? It can be a special guided trip for a small group of people，or simply a leisurely stroll for one or two to explore new areas，sticking to the key point: avoiding famous scenic spots and big crowds to gain a more inclusive experience of the places you visit. Hashtags and keywords for Citywalk are currently trending across multiple Chinese social media platforms，as more and more people look to share their experiences and thoughts online. Why judging your feelings can backfire? In China，the Citywalk trend is spreading from first-tier cities like Beijing and Shanghai to second and third-tier cities，encouraging more participants and event organizers to get involved. Some organizers invite folk culture researchers and enthusiasts to act as tour guides. Xiao Yiyi is a young entrepreneur based in Changsha exploring new possibilities in the tourism sector. Recently she launched six Citywalk routes in different cities on her social media account，with the aim of providing experiences for visitors to “walk in open-air museums”． Her Changsha route incorporates more offbeat sights like historical architecture from the 19th century，old alleys，and even a stop-off to sample the local spicy crayfish specialty. Citywalk not only offers a way for young people to interact with a city but also provides them with a new social scene，where people who share the same interests and ideas can easily make friends. Xiao Yiyi said her group usually consists of a dozen or so people and her events last around half a day. Some regions，such as Beijing and Shandong，have included Citywalk in their plans to promote cultural tourism and leisure tours. Shanghai has established Citywalk routes using public bus routes to help day-trippers reach more far-flung districts by public transport and continue on foot. Even though Citywalk is a relatively niche and new phenomenon，industry insiders say that its potential is huge. Zhang Zhi，a tour guide from Beijing said tourists nowadays are paying more attention to personalized travel services. Many tour guides also try to expand their influence online，sharing their experiences in a bid to attract potential customers. Citywalk is offering a positive change to urban travelers as they can better choose the experiences that align with their interests and needs. At the same time，Citywalk represents an opportunity for tour guides and travel service providers to offer a more tailored，professional service to meet with ever-changing market demands. 词汇积累 1．stroll n．散步，溜达 2．browse vi.浏览 3．inclusive adj.包容广阔的；包含的 4．hashtag n．话题标签 5．first-tier adj.一线的，一级的 6．incorporate v．包含，合并 7．stop-off n．中途分道；中途停留 1．What does the underlined word “roaming” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Tiptoeing. B．Wandering. C．Rushing. D．Sneaking. 答案　B 2．How does the author develop the passage? A．By presenting examples. B．By making comparisons. C．By making inferences. D．By listing data. 答案　A 3．What’s the best title of the whole passage? A．Citywalk，an Unappealing Way of Travel B．Citywalk，a Travel Trend Going Back Several Decades C．Citywalk，a New Travel Trend for Youngsters in China D．Citywalk，the Best Choice of Travel 答案　C 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $