6.专题六 新题型、新考法—阅读填空（专题突破）-【中考零障碍】2025年广东中考英语复习

专题六 新题型、新考法一 阅读填空 9DP考情分析9③0 一、 题型分析。（广州近5年中考阅读填空） 分 析 年份 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 语篇类型 说明文 说明文 说明文 说明文 说明文 主题 历史与社会 自然与环保 运动与健康 饮食与卫生 历史与社会 词数 282 292 281 323 308 二、 考点分析。 年份 段首 段中 段尾 2024 0 3 2 2023 1 3 1 2022 2 2 1 2021 1 2 2 2020 1 9 三、试题与评析。 1.词数与设空。 阅读填空主要考查学生对文章整体内容和结构以及对上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握，同时要求学 生理解句子与句子之间、句子与段落之间、段落与段落之间的关系。考查5个空，命题原则为五选五， 选项均为完整的陈述句。短文词数在280~320。 2.语篇类型与主题。 语篇类型多为说明文。主题涉及历史与社会、自然与环保、运动与健康、饮食与卫生等。选文贴 近学生的生活实际，时代感强。 3.题型特点。 从近5年中考真题可知，所设空较均匀分布，段首或段尾至少有一题，同一段中最多设两题，首 句不设题。 4.技巧点拨。 在解题时，可以先浏览文章每段的开头和中文提示词，判断语篇类型和结构，再看选项，画出句 子主干、名词和动词。接着阅读空格前后一两句，按照先易后难的方法来逐一攻克。学生通过对语篇 的逻辑性、连贯性和一致性的理解，同时运用一定的语法知识分析和理解长难句来选出正确答案。 四、备考建议。 学生要培养通过上下文找关键词的能力及对语篇结构、语言、逻辑、内容衔接的识别与解读能力。 039解题技巧9®0 方法一：内容分折 阅读空格的前后句，看选项和原文间是否存在复现词汇、同义词汇或短语或是结构相似、逻辑一 致的句子，从选项中寻找与原文相关的关键词，确定答案。 阅盟学堂LZAZK GDYY105专题突破 方法二：逻辑分析 阅读空格的上下文，看选项是否存在表转折关系、因果关系、并列关系、递进关系、例证关系等 的连词，通过分析阅读材料与选项的逻辑关系，得出正确答案。 Years ago,green was simply a color.Now it's much more!In the 1970s,some people began to worry about what we did to mother Earth.41 It is a big idea that touches governments all over the world,and a small idea that touches us all in our homes. 由上文提及一些人开始担心我们对地球母亲所做的事以及下文提及这是一个伟大的想法可知，此处应 有因果关系，故B项“因此，绿色思维诞生了”符合文义。 Architects()and building engineers are thinking about how to make buildings greener.These days,green architecture is becoming more and more popular.42 由上文提及绿色建筑以及下文提及要注意材料的使用和一些使用注意事项可知，此处承上启下，故C 项“要理解这一，点（绿色建筑），我们必须从三个不同的方面入手”符合文义。 We need to be very careful about the materials()we use.It is better to choose renewable materials-those that the Earth replaces quickly.43 Also,for those materials that are not renewable,we need to use them as little as possible.Our mother Earth has offered us many other possibilities,such as wind and solar power. 由上文提及要注意材料的使用以及选择可再生的材料可知，此处应与材料的使用有关，故A项“或者 我们可以重复使用一些材料”特合文义。 Planners must think about the needs of those who will spend time in green buildings.In many cases, green energy is more comfortable for people.44 Natural lighting is often kinder to the eyes than electric lighting.In fact,many people who live or work in green buildings report feeling happier and healthier. 由上文“在很多情况下，绿色能源对人们来说更为舒适”可知，此处应为举例论证该观，点，故D项“例 如，自然风为人们带来更千净、更新鲜的空气”符合文义。 45 For example,they might try to use as little land as possible.If a building covers a large area, there will be less space for plants and trees.They also have to think about cutting down waste and pollution while the building work is going on Although green buildings are more expensive to build,they are less expensive to run.(2023) 由下文提及绿色建筑在建造和使用过程中需要考虑的事情可知，此处指建筑师要考虑建筑对环境的影 响，故E项“建筑师必须考虑建筑物将对环境产生什么影响”符合文义。 A.Or we can reuse some materials. B.As a result,green thinking was born. C.To understand it,we have to look at three different areas. D.For example,natural wind brings people cleaner and fresher air. E.Architects must consider what the building will do to the environment. 41. 42 43. 44. 45. 阅盟学堂LZAZK GDYY106专题突破 ●●●●●。对点专练●●●●●。 Cave paintings are the oldest pictures.Some of them are almost 30,000 years old.Many of these paintings show animals or hunting scenes(狩猎场景).They do not have written words on them.But 由上文“画作讲述故事”可推知，此处 when we look at them,we get an idea of the feelings the people had 指它们（画作）是一种无需阅读和写作 when drawing them. The paintings tell stories of hopes and fears. 的早期交流形式。（例证关系） 41 Sometime between 4,000 and 3,000 BCE,the skill of writing was developed in Egypt and Mesopotamia.People cut texts on 由上文“写作技巧”和“人们最初在石 头上刻写文本”可推知，此处指它们是 stones first.42 But it was impossible to carry stones from 书写交流的早期形式。（例证关系） place to place.The invention of papyrus(莎草纸)allowed documents to be moved easily.More than 3,000 years ago,the ancient Chinese people cut words on bones and shells.These words are called jiaguwen.It is the writing system that has developed over 由上文“书”、“中国”和下文“它于公 thousands of years into today's hanzi. 元868年出版”可推知，此处指世界上 People made the first books from papyrus and from thin animal 最古老的已知印刷书籍也来自中国。 skins.Around 105 CE,paper-making skill was improved after the (词汇复现+逻辑一致) invention of paper in China.43 It was published in 868 CE. In the middle of the 15th century,the printing machine was invented 由上文“在全世界范围内印刷了大量书 in Germany.Since that time,a huge number of books have been 籍”可推知，此处指对许多人来说，在 printed worldwide. 44 图书馆阅读是人生中最大的乐趣之一。 (递进关系) Books will be around for many years,of course.But some people prefer reading electronic books.45 Now you can buy 由上文“电子书”以及下文提及可以足 your books whenever you want without having to leave the comfort 不出户买书可推知，此处指当你旅行 of your home. 时，它们（电子书）更容易随身携带。 (因果关系) (2024广州中考) A. They are easier to take with you when you travel. B.They are an early form of written communication. C.The world's oldest known printed book is from China too. D.They are an early form of communication without reading and writing. E.For many people,reading in the library is one of life's greatest pleasures. 42. 43. 44. 45. 阅盟学堂LZAZK GDYY107专题突破 子备考演练 训练一(2024吉林长春中考改编) 语篇类型：说明文主题：人与社会（科学技术）难度：00词数：约290用时：7分钟 Can you imagine what the human bodies in the future will be like?Our class has a discussion about it. Tiantian,an Al robot,also joins us.1 Let's start with people's height.Humans are now 10 cm taller than 150 years ago.Why?Because most of us today have much better food than those in the past.2 You must say that people will be stronger according to the first guess.But you're wrong.With the development of science and technology,we won't have much physical work to do.So we will probably lose most of our muscles(肌肉). 3 We are already using our feet less,and our hands more.So we can expect our legs will get shorter and our feet will get smaller.At the same time,our fingers will become more flexible() because they'll have to do more work together. Here comes the most interesting one-it's very possible that people will have four toes(),not five. 4 Will it still be there in the future?Let's wait and see. Last but not least-people won't have as much hair on their bodies as now,since we don't need it to keep ourselves warm. It is very interesting to think about the future of our bodies.These are just some guesses about the future.5 But there's one thing we need to pay attention to.Don't let AI displace our brains.With the rise of Al,we must remember to keep thinking independently. A.Next,let's come to our hands and feet. B.The little toe really isn't needed anymore. C.We don't know if these guesses will happen. D. So,in the future,people will probably be even taller. E.Here are our guesses about the future of human bodies 2. 3. 4. 5. 训练二(2024江苏常州中考改编) 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与自然（自然景观）难度：1词数：约260用时：7分钟 "Sunrise gold"is a colour that means a lot to me.1 I like it because it gives me peace,energy and hope in the face of difficulties. When I was in the eighth grade,I took part in a speech competition.Although I made all my efforts,I didn't win.The failure()hit me hard and made me feel sad.2 It was 3:30 in the morning,and there was nothing but me and my sad heart.I got up and went upstairs to the roof to clear my mind. 3 At first,it was orange and red,but after a short while,the Sun awoke from its sleep and painted the sky with its gold colour.The sunlight shone on everything-trees,roofs and streets.Its warmth flowed through my body and into my heart.The light woke up the morning wind and the wind moved across the fields,touching my face softly.4 There and then I realized that the past was history,no matter how much I regretted it.I thought to myself,"Maybe I can start once more,just like the dawn()."I went downstairs,feeling energetic and hopeful.5 Now,whenever I face difficulties,I remember what the "sunrise gold"made me understand that morning. A.I had trouble falling asleep that night. B.I stayed there until the sky showed a bit of light. C.The colour mixes gold with a bit of red and yellow. D.It was a special and educational experience for me. E.It also woke up the early birds,which were singing happily. 2 3. 4. 5. 阅盟学堂LZAZK GDYY108专题突破 训练三(2024江苏连云港中考改编) 语篇类型：说明文主题：人与自然（与自然和谐相处）难度：■110词数：约270用时：7分钟 When winter comes,cranes()fly far away from Northeast Siberia in Russia to a warm place called Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province,China.1 However,climate change has influenced cranes'living conditions. In some years,there is too much water in Poyang Lake and floods often happen.But in other years,it's very dry and there's not enough rain.2 To deal with the problem,the local government has planted 700,000 m2 of lotus roots(in Nanchang.3 Because of this,cranes'population has risen from about 3,000 to more than 5,000 over the past 20 years.This is great news for everyone who loves cranes and wants them to be happy and healthy. Over the years,China has worked hard to protect cranes.Recently,1,140 places in the country have been important for cranes to stay during winter.Most of them are wetlands.Wetlands are very important for birds.4 They help clean the water,stop floods from happening,and keep the environment balanced. With these wetlands,birds can live safely and happily during winter. 5 The law took effect on 1 June 2022.It sets rules to help manage wetlands.And it stops harmful activities,including giving out waste water.Thanks to these efforts,more birds stay in the wetlands in winter. A.In this way,they provide food for cranes during winter. B.About 95%of cranes choose to spend the cold winter there. C.That's because the wetlands are good for birds in many ways. D.To protect the wetlands,the Wetlands Protection Law was carried out. E.Both of these lead to the problem that there isn't enough food for cranes. 2. 3. 4. 5. 训练四(2024湖北中考改编) 语篇类型：说明文主题：人与自我（自我认识）难度：10词数：约250用时：7分钟 Many people make journeys to different places.However,the most important journey is the one where you find out about yourself.How can you begin this special journey?1 Understand what you value about yourself.What do you like most about yourself?It can be about how creative you are.It can also be about your wonderful skills at football.This helps you better understand your own values and abilities. 2 What brings joy to your life?Maybe it's the thrill()of singing songs on a stage in front of many people.Perhaps it's the fun you have when you give a hand to your dad in fixing his car.Or it can be the excitement you feel while working on a cool science project. Travel to different places.3 When you are on your travels,you have chances to meet different kinds of people and get to know different cultures.They can open your eyes and increase your knowledge. Ask yourself what you want to be.What is your dream?How will you achieve it?4 Then you will 阅盟学堂LZAZK GDYY109专题突破 have a better understanding of yourself.These questions will help you think deeply. The self-discovery journey is not a fixed()one.5 These experiences help you become a better person and make you grow up.Every day,you learn new things about yourself. A.Ask yourself these questions. B.Find out what makes you excited. C.Here are some things for you to try. D.Many experiences in your life can change you. E.Travelling is a good way to discover new things. 2. 3. 5. 训练五(2024河南中考改编) 语篇类型：说明文主题：人与自我（职业启蒙）难度：■00词数：约280用时：7分钟 Some jobs were common fifty years ago,like horse riders and telephone operators.But now,you almost don't hear anything about them.Some jobs today,like social media()managers and video game designers,are popular.1 So have you ever wondered what future jobs might be wanted?Here are some guesses about them. Space tour guides 2 It will soon come true for many people.Anyone who wants to see the Sun rising and setting over the Earth will be able to take trips to space.And for a trip of this kind,travellers will need a tour guide- someone who can explain what they are seeing to them and help keep them safe.So what does a space tour guide need to be able to do?3 AI psychologists(心理学家) AI is used for more and more practical work.And machines'"minds"will become more and more similar to humans'.4 These engineers will work on making machines think and act like humans.An AI psychologist will need to understand both psychology and technology.It will be this psychologist's job to make sure that future super-computers work well. Human--technology integration specialists(人与技术整合专家) With all the new technologies,people may need help to understand and use them.So human-technology integration specialists might be very important.5 They will look at all the technologies a person can use and tell which are good and how to use them better. A.But they might disappear in twenty years. B.They can teach others how to use future technologies. C.They will need special engineers to create their "minds". D.People have been expecting an exciting journey in space. E.He or she should have space knowledge and have good talking skills. 2. 3. 4 5. 阅盟学堂LZAZK GDYY110专题突破can help them with the housework.For example,after they get home from work,they can have dinner cooked by us. More importantly,we should spend time with them in our free time.Last but not least,we can give them presents on their birthdays. Respecting our parents not only makes them happy,but also increases our relationship with them.Let's respect them from now on. 专题六新题型、新考法一阅读填空 解题技巧 对点专练41-45 DBCEA 备考演练 训练一 1.E由下文“让我们从人们的身高开始”、“你肯定说， 根据第一个猜测，人们会变得更强壮”、“人们很有可 能会有四个脚趾，而不是五个脚趾”、“人们身体上的 毛发不会像现在这么多”可推知，此处指以下是我们 对未来人体的猜测，故E项符合文义。 2.D由上文“人类现在比150年前高出了10厘米。为 什么？因为现在我们大多数人比过去的人们有许多更 好的食物”可推知，此处指所以，在未来，人们可能 会更高，故D项符合文义。 3.A由下文“我们已经在减少使用脚，而更多地使用 手”可推知，此处指接下来，让我们来看看我们的手 和脚，故A项符合文义。 4.B由上文“人们很有可能会有四个脚趾，而不是五 个脚趾”可推知，此处指小脚趾真的不再被需要了， 故B项符合文义。 5.C由上文“这些只是对未来的一些猜测”可推知，此 处指我们不知道这些猜测是否会发生，故C项符合 文义。 训练二 1.C由上文“‘日出金’是一种对我来说意义重大的颜 色”可推知，此处指这种颜色混合了金色和一点红色 和黄色，故C项符合文义。 2.A由下文“那时是凌晨3：30，除了我和我悲伤的 心，什么也没有”可推知，此处指那天晚上我难以入 睡，故A项符合文义。 3.B由上文“我起床后上楼到屋顶去清空思绪”以及下 文“起初，它是橙色和红色的，但过了一会儿，太阳 从沉睡中醒来，用它的金色涂抹了天空”可推知，此 处指我在那里一直待到天空露出一丝光亮，故B项符 合文义。 4.E由上文“光线唤醒了早晨的风，而风穿过田野，轻 柔地触碰我的脸庞”可推知，此处指它（光线）也唤醒 了早起的鸟儿，它们正欢快地歌唱，故E项符合 文义。 5.D由下文“现在，每当我遇到困难时，我都会想起那 个早晨‘日出金’让我明白的事情”可推知，此处指这 对我来说是一次特别且富有教育意义的经历，故D项 符合文义。 阅盟学堂LZAZK GDYY 训练三 1.B由上文“当冬天来临时，鹤从俄罗斯的西伯利亚 东北部飞往中国江西省一个叫鄱阳湖的温暖地方”可 推知，此处指大约95%的鹤选择在那里度过寒冷的冬 天，故B项符合文义。 2.E由上文提及了洪涝和干旱两种情况可推知，此处 指这两种情况都导致了鹤没有足够的食物的问题，故 E项符合文义。 3.A由上文“为了处理这个问题，当地政府在南昌种 植了0万平方米的莲藕”可推知，此处指通过这种方 式，它们（莲藕）在冬天为鹤提供食物，故A项符合 文义。 4.C由下文“它们有助于清洁水源、防止洪水发生并 保持环境平衡”可推知，此处指那是因为湿地在很多 方面对鸟类有好处，故C项符合文义。 5.D由下文“该法律于2022年6月1日生效。它设定 了帮助管理湿地的规则”可推知，此处指为了保护湿 地，实施了《湿地保护法》，故D项符合文义。 训练四 1.C由上文“你如何开始这段特别的旅程”以及下文 “了解你看重自己的哪些方面”、“去不同的地方旅 行”、“问问自己你想成为什么”可推知，此处指这里 有一些事情供你尝试，故C项符合文义。 2.B由下文“是什么给你的生活带来了快乐”可推知， 此处指找出让你感到兴奋的事物，故B项符合文义。 3.E由上文“去不同的地方旅行”可推知，此处指去旅 行是一个发现新事物的好方法，故E项符合文义。 4.A由上文“你的梦想是什么？你将如何实现它？”可 推知，此处指问自己这些问题，故A项符合文义。 5.D由下文“这些经历可以帮助你成为一个更好的人， 并让你成长起来”可推知，此处指你生活中的许多经 历可以改变你，故D项符合文义。 训练五 1,A由上文提及有些五十年前普遍存在的职业现在几 乎未听过了可推知，此处指但它们（现今流行的职业） 可能会在二十年后消失，故A项符合文义。 2.D由下文“任何想要看到太阳在地球上空升起和落 下的人都可以去太空旅行”可推知，此处指人们一直 期待着一次激动人心的太空之旅，故D项符合文义。 3.E由上文“那么，太空导游需要具备哪些能力呢”可 推知，此处指他或她应该具备太空知识并且有良好的 沟通技巧，故E项符合文义。 4.C由上文“机器的‘心智’会越来越像人类的”以及下 文“这些工程师将致力于让机器像人类一样思考和行 动”可推知，此处指它们将需要特殊的工程师来创造 它们的“心智”，故C项符合文义。 5.B由下文“他们会查看一个人可以使用的所有技术， 并告诉他哪些是好技术，以及如何更好地使用这些技 术”可推知，此处指他们（人与技术整合专家）可以教 其他人如何使用未来的技术，故B项符合文义。 参芳答案