Unit 2 Section Ⅳ Integrated skills（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高中英语选修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

本讲义聚焦“化学耕作与有机耕作”主题，构建“阅读输入-听力深化-写作输出”的学习支架。阅读部分通过选择题分析化学耕作的优缺点及有机耕作案例，培养信息提取与推理能力；听力部分含访谈选择填空与精听训练，强化细节抓取与语言理解；写作指导从审题谋篇到句式升级，引导学生整合信息发表观点，形成完整的语言技能训练链。 该资料以“主题式综合技能培养”为特色，融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力核心素养。阅读题设计如Will Allen有机农场案例分析，通过细节题与推理题提升学生逻辑分析与批判性思维；听力精听训练要求补全访谈关键词，强化信息定位与语言解码能力；写作部分提供议论文模板与句式升级示例，帮助学生掌握观点表达的严谨结构。课中可通过听力互动与小组讨论增强课堂参与，课后学生能借助阅读解析、写作范文进行自主复习，弥补技能短板，提升综合语言运用能力。

Section Ⅳ　Integrated skills 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．An introduction to chemical farming. B．The benefits of using chemicals in farming. C．The downsides of using chemicals in farming. D．The reasons why farmers use chemicals in farming. 答案　A 2．What is the main advantage of using chemicals in farming? A．It saves money. B．It makes crops grow healthier. C．It has a good impact on the soil. D．It brings immediate effects for both plant growth and protection. 答案　D 3．What can we know from the passage? A．Chemicals are easy and quick to break down. B．People can get rid of the damage when using chemicals. C．Using chemicals has both advantages and disadvantages. D．Chemicals don’t cause damage to the environment and humans. 答案　C 4．What is the author’s attitude to the use of chemicals in farming? A．Positive. B．Negative. C．Skeptical. D．Objective. 答案　D Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式) Listen to the interview on P23 and choose the best answer. 1．Why do organic crops taste better? A．They recycle animal waste. B．They reduce chemicals. C．They produce more natural，healthy compounds. 答案　C 2．What happens when soil microorganisms break down organic materials? A．Pests are killed. B．Nutrients go into the soil. C．Animal habitats are safely maintained. 答案　B 3．How does Sarah feel about the interview? A．She is glad that she has learnt a lot from the interview. B．She is worried that organic farming might affect crop yields. C．She is grateful to Mr Zhao for his efforts at organic farming. 答案　A Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练) Listen to the interview on P23 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Sarah：Good morning，Mr Zhao! Thanks for agreeing to do this interview.Here’s my first question：what exactly is 1.organic farming? Mr Zhao：Good morning，Sarah.Well，organic farming is an eco­friendly practice that aims to 2.reduce farming’s overall environmental impact and 3.improve food quality as well as consumers’ health. Sarah：What distinguishes it from 4.chemical farming? Mr Zhao：Organic farming focuses on 5.recycling waste and 6.avoiding the use of chemicals.For example，we recycle animal waste into natural fertilizer. Sarah：So，organic farming 7.produces food that is chemical­free，but does organic food really taste better? Mr Zhao：Certainly! Organic farming actually 8.enhances the taste of crops by letting them produce more natural，healthy compounds.Chemicals tend to reduce these healthy compounds. Sarah：I see.Besides better­tasting food，what else makes organic farming attractive? Mr Zhao：Well，better ecological practices help 9.maintain safe habitats for nature’s own pest control organisms.Also，by not using chemical fertilizers，soil microorganisms can freely 10.break down organic materials to release nutrients into the soil.Thus，organic farming tries to work with nature，not 11.against it. Sarah：That sounds great! It seems there are quite a lot of benefits.Are there any 12.downsides of farming in this way? Mr Zhao：Yes，there are.Organic farming requires 13.specialized knowledge and skills.As organic farmers，we must be very knowledgeable about nature，the crops we are growing，as well as natural methods for controlling pests and managing soil nutrients. Sarah：Do organic farming methods affect your 14.crop yields? Mr Zhao：Yes.Without the use of chemicals，we may lose more crops to diseases or pests.However，our main focus is not just on producing high yields but on 15.growing quality food，while protecting the natural environment. Sarah：Mr Zhao，thanks for enlightening me about organic farming. 本单元的写作目标是“发表观点”，要求学生就化学耕作和有机耕作展开讨论，然后就自己所选择的耕作方式写一篇文章。其实质是观点型文章。观点型文章主要对两种截然不同的观点进行论证，阐明两种观点的利弊，或者选择其中一种观点加以论证说明，并呼吁人们支持这种观点。这种文体在体裁上属于议论文，因此，文章要旗帜鲜明、论据充分，语言要措辞严谨、逻辑性强。 1．在写作时，首先要明确自己的观点，且态度要鲜明，不能模棱两可。 2．围绕观点多角度论证时，论据要确切、充分，要有说服力。 3．最后在做出结论时要照应上面自己的观点，做到观点和结论前后一致，且注意结论性语句的严谨性。 1．开头 (1)I’d like to express my views about... 我想表达我对……的看法。 (2)In my opinion/As far as I’m concerned...就我而言…… (3)When it comes to...，most people believe that...当谈到……时，大多数人认为…… 2．主体 (1)．..has many advantages.For one thing，...；for another，... ……有许多优点。一方面，……； 另一方面，…… (2)The advantages of...are obvious. ……的优点是显而易见的。 (3)Nevertheless，the downsides of...are obvious.然而，……的缺点是显而易见的。 3．结尾 (1)To conclude，it is important to weigh the pros and cons of... 总之，权衡……的利弊很重要。 (2)All in all，I favour...总之，我赞成…… (3)I do hope more and more people will... 我确实希望越来越多的人将…… 假如你是李华，你班就化学耕作和有机耕作进行了讨论，请你就选择化学耕作还是有机耕作写一篇文章来阐述自己的观点。内容包括： 1．选择化学耕作还是有机耕作； 2．阐述理由； 3．做出结论。 注意：1.词数80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步　审题谋篇 [审题] 1．确定文体：这是一篇议论性文章，注意议论文的写作特点。 2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时为主。 3．主体人称：由于是发表观点，所以人称应该以第一人称和第三人称为主。 [谋篇] 本文可以分为三部分： 第一部分：引入话题，表明观点。 第二部分：阐述理由。 第三部分：总结全文。重申自己的核心观点，提出希望。 第二步　遣词造句 [核心词汇] 1．有机耕作 organic farming 2．化学耕作 chemical farming 3．更适合；更可取 preferable 4．富含营养 be rich in nutrition 5．土壤状况 the condition of the soil 6．相比之下 by contrast 7．对……造成危害 cause damage/harm to 8．超过；超越 exceed [连词成句] 1．因为不使用人造肥料，有机耕作生产出营养丰富的美味食物。 Organic farming produces tasty food rich in nutrition because of not using artificial fertilizers. 2．有机农民用动物的粪便作为天然肥料，这有利于改善土壤状况。 Organic farmers use animal waste as natural fertilizer，and this is good for improving the condition of the soil. 3．在我看来，农民应该选择有机耕作。我希望将来会有越来越多的农民转向有机耕作。 In my opinion，farmers should choose organic farming.I hope more and more farmers will turn to organic farming in the future. 第三步　句式升级 1．用that引导的定语从句改写句1。 Organic farming produces tasty food that is rich in nutrition because of not using artificial fertilizers. 2．用非限制性定语从句改写句2。 Organic farmers use animal waste as natural fertilizer，which is good for improving the condition of the soil. 3．用强调句改写句3。 In my opinion，it is organic farming that farmers should choose.I do hope more and more farmers will turn to organic farming in the future. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。 参考范文 Chemical Farming or Organic Farming? Last week our class held a discussion about organic farming and chemical farming.As far as I’m concerned，organic farming is preferable to chemical farming.Here are some reasons. Firstly，organic farming produces tasty food that is rich in nutrition because of not using artificial fertilizers.In addition，organic farmers use animal waste as natural fertilizer，which is good for improving the condition of the soil.Meanwhile，the environment is protected from chemical pollution.By contrast，chemical farming can cause damage/harm to water，soil and ecosystems.So，in the long term，the benefits of organic farming exceed those of chemical farming. To conclude，in my opinion，it is organic farming that farmers should choose.I do hope more and more farmers will turn to organic farming in the future. 训练4　Integrated skills (满分：40分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(共4题；每小题2.5分，共10分) One day，while Will Allen was driving home from work，he spotted a For Sale sign on the last remaining farm in the city of Milwaukee.The place was small，only two acres(英亩)，just a few greenhouses on a plot of land.An idea flashed through Will’s head.He could grow food here，without using chemical pesticides and fertilizers. Will hired some neighborhood teenagers to help him get started.Their first job was to “grow” new soil by composting(堆肥)．Will collected different kinds of food waste and piled it up until it rotted(腐烂) and turned into soil.Then he spread layers of worms between layers of compost.Amazingly，this worm poop(粪便) makes the best fertilizer in the world.With the preparations made，Will started growing food. Today，years later，Growing Power Community Food Center becomes a strikingly productive model farm，growing enough food to feed 2,000 people on just two acres in the middle of a city.As Will’s organization，Growing Power，expands gradually，he hires more people and opens an office to manage three city farms.Will and his staff teach young people how to grow more than 150 varieties of vegetables.They also run garden projects in schools，where kids learn the basics of growing food and then get to farm their own plots.Will also travels across the world to help people grow food more efficiently. “We’re in a worldwide food crisis right now，” Will says.“A lot of people are hungry.We need to grow food everywhere we can—in backyards，on rooftops，and even in buildings.”Will’s vision for the city farm of the future is a multi-storied building，angled toward the sun.This idea，called “vertical farming”，is a new way to help feed more people. “Growing food is powerful，” he says.“It can change the world！” 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Will Allen如何将一个城市中的最后一个农场转变为一个高产的有机农场，并帮助人们更好地种植食物，缓解全球粮食危机。 1．What inspired Will to grow food? A．Being tired of his work. B．Finding a farm for sale. C．Being experienced at farming. D．Visiting a greenhouse on site. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Will Allen在一次下班回家的路上看到了一个出售的农场激发了自己种植食物的想法。故选B。 2．What did Will do before growing food? A．He hired local adult farmers. B．He created soil with waste. C．He dealt with worms in soil. D．He bought chemical fertilizers. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Their first job was to ‘grow’ new soil by composting(堆肥)．Will collected different kinds of food waste and piled it up until it rotted(腐烂) and turned into soil.”可知，在种植食物前，Will先收集不同的垃圾培育新的土壤。故选B。 3．Why is Growing Power regarded as a model farm? A．Because it grows the best organic food. B．Because it owns the latest farming techniques. C．Because it helps more farmers to get employed. D．Because it produces more food in a limited area. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，Growing Power社区食品中心被视为模范农场是因为它在仅两英亩的土地上种植了足够养活2 000人的食物。故选D。 4．Which best describes the development of Growing Power? A．He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. B．All things are difficult before they are easy. C．From a single spark may burst a mighty flame. D．Difficulties strengthen the mind，as labour does the body. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As Will’s organization，Growing Power，expands gradually，he hires more people...Will also travels across the world to help people grow food more efficiently.”可知，Growing Power从最初的两英亩开始逐渐扩大。选项C(星星之火可以燎原)符合Growing Power的发展变化。故选C。 Ⅱ.语法填空(共10题；每小题1.5分，共15分) Green tea is a type of tea which is made from the 1. (process) leaves of tea trees.It originates from China.Green tea has been subjected to many scientific studies to determine the extent of its health benefits.But it is only during the last two decades that research regarding the health benefits of drinking green tea 2. (establish)． Results of 3. study in 1994 published by the Journal of the National Cancer Institute stated that Chinese men and women who drink green tea 4. (regular) reduced the risk of getting cancer by almost 60 percent.Another study conducted by the University of Purde also claimed that green tea contains a compound 5. prevents the growth of cancer cells. Green tea has many health benefits.More studies suggest that aside from its ability to prevent cancer，6. is also believed to prevent certain medical conditions such as heart diseases and 7. (infection)． Green tea is rich 8. a substance called EGCG.This substance has the ability 9. (depress) the growth of cancer cells and actually kill existing cancer cells without destroying healthy tissues.According to 10. (tradition) Chinese medicine，green tea has the ability to kill bacteria that causes food poisoning. 1．答案　processed 解析　考查词性转换。修饰名词leaves，需用形容词作定语。故填processed。 2．答案　has been established 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“during the last two decades”可知，使用现在完成时，主语是research，和谓语动词是被动关系，且主语是单数名词，助动词用has。故填has been established。 3．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。study是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且study发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 4．答案　regularly 解析　考查词性转换。修饰动词drink，需用副词作状语。故填regularly。 5．答案　which/that 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词compound，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。 6．答案　it 解析　考查代词。that引导的宾语从句中缺少主语，it is believed to do为固定用法。故填it。 7．答案　infections 解析　考查名词复数。空处和heart diseases为并列关系，且infection指传染病时为可数名词，需用名词复数形式。故填infections。 8．答案　in 解析　考查介词。be rich in为固定短语，意为“盛产，富含”。故填in。 9．答案　to depress 解析　考查非谓语动词。ability后面用动词不定式作定语，故填to depress。 10．答案　traditional 解析　考查词性转换。修饰名词medicine，需用形容词作定语。故填traditional。 Ⅲ.应用文写作(共15分) 假定你是李华。你的英国好友Allen来信询问他是否应该参加志愿者工作。请你写封邮件告知他你的想法。内容包括： 1．阐明观点； 2．阐述原因； 3．重申观点。 注意：1.写作词数应为 80个左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文 Dear Allen， Greatly delighted to hear from you，I’d like to express my views about doing volunteer work. As far as I am concerned，doing volunteer work is highly recommended.My reasons are as follows. For one thing，doing volunteer work allows you to be closely exposed to all walks of life，which enables you to gain a deep insight into the community.For another，your communication skills and interpersonal relationships are bound to be well developed when you are becoming a good listener and a considerate caregiver.Undoubtedly，you will find a better version of yourself through volunteering. All in all，I do hope you can sign up for volunteer work. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $