Unit 4 Section Ⅳ Integrated skills（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高中英语选修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

Section Ⅳ Integrated skills Fun with science Unit 4 Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　听力变式训练 Part 3　写作技法指导 整体理解 课文 3 1.What can we know about friction from the lecture transcript? A.It is found everywhere. B.It is easy to get rid of. C.It hasn’t been fascinating scientists. D.It may not have “memory”. √ 2.Which is the correct order of the important events in the study of friction? ①Leonardo da Vinci made the connection between friction amount and its determining factors. ②Friction may have a kind of “memory”. ③Guillaume Amontons drafted laws about friction. ④Frank Philip Bowden investigated friction’s relationship with lubrication. A.①②③④ B.①③②④ C.③①②④ D.①③④② √ 3.What is the scientists’ attitude to friction? A.Curious. B.Resistant. C.Embarrassed. D.Disappointed. √ 返 回 变式训练 听力 7 Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式) 1.What is Ms Li’s opinion about friction? A.Friction is generated by air particles. B.Friction enables us to go about our daily lives. C.Shooting stars enter the Earth’s surface because of friction. √ 2.How can mechanical systems last longer? A.Generating heat. B.Rubbing moving parts together. C.Applying oil between the surfaces. √ 3.Which of the following experience the least air resistance? A.Hyperloop trains. B.Maglev trains. C.Shooting stars. √ 4.How does the man speaker feel at the end of the interview? A.Amused.　　　B.Shocked.　　　C.Excited. √ Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练) Listen to the interview on P51 again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Reporter：Today on Everyday Science，our topic is “Friction—get a grip or let it slip？”.Let’s welcome Ms Li，a physics lecturer from the local university. Ms Li：Thank you.Friction can be very 1.　　　 in our daily lives.When we eat，it allows our fingers to 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ，preventing them from falling.Friction also 3.　 　 us in more unexpected ways.For instance，it protects us from outer space objects.Shooting stars often enter the Earth’s atmosphere，but most are completely 4.________ before reaching the ground.This is due to the friction generated between them and the air particles. Reporter：So，friction is useful，but is it always 5. ? useful hold the chopsticks and the bowl affects burnt up necessary Ms Li：Not always.For example，when a machine’s moving parts constantly rub together，friction generates 6. and may 7.________ them，causing a breakdown.So friction 8. to reduce wear and tear in mechanical systems.Applying friction-reducing fluids like oil between the moving surfaces helps a machine 9. and 10. dangerous situations. Reporter：I see.Ms Li，can you also share some 11. or its 12. that could benefit us in the future? heat damage must be decreased last longer prevents uses of friction absence Ms Li：Sure.We know that friction produces an electric charge—think of the small shock you sometimes get when you 13. your wool sweater. Researchers hope to use it as 14. for mobile devices and sensors in the future.Engineers are also extremely interested in trains travelling through tubes，which will allow them to experience even 15. than maglev trains.This so-called hyperloop technology could allow speeds of over 1,000 kilometres per hour! Reporter：These innovative applications sound really 16. !Let’s hope they can be 17. soon.Thank you for joining us today，Ms Li. take off an alternative source of power less air resistance exciting put into effect 返 回 技法指导 写作 16 本单元的写作目标是写一篇关于摩擦力的文章，即介绍一种科学现象，属于说明文范畴。这类说明文主要是客观地介绍某一科学知识，推广、普及科学常识。 篇章结构 注意事项 1.注意说明文的文体特点： (1)说明性：科普说明文的写作目的在于介绍科学现象，说明科学知识。 (2)单一性：一篇科普说明文，一般只说明一种科学现象，介绍一种科学知识。 (3)通俗性：科普说明文介绍的知识多是抽象而深奥的，所以要求用通俗易懂的语言让读者易于理解。 2.时态多用一般现在时。 常用表达 1.下定义 Friction is the force that makes it difficult for one object to slide over the surface of another. 摩擦力是一种使一个物体难以滑过另一个物体表面的力。 2.在生活中的应用 (1)It is a force that we can’t resist，yet，in various situations，it affects us either positively or negatively. 这是一种我们无法抗拒的力量，然而在很多情况下，它会对我们产生积极或消极的影响。 (2)The benefits of friction are experienced in many moments of our lives. 在我们生活中的许多时刻都可以体验到摩擦力的好处。 (3)However，there are situations where less or no friction is preferred. 然而，在某些情况下，较少的摩擦或没有摩擦是更好一些的。 3.对生活的意义 It is hoped that the more applications of friction will be put into effect soon. 人们希望更多关于摩擦力的应用会尽快实现。 假定你是李华，参加了一个科学探究活动小组，要求你就摩擦力的相关知识写一篇报告，内容主要包括： 1.介绍摩擦力这一科学现象； 2.阐述摩擦力在生活中的应用。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 分步演练 第一步　审题谋篇 [审题] 写作要求是写一篇说明文，写作时应注意下面几点： 1.确定文体：这是一篇说明文。写作时注意说明文的写作特点。 2.主体时态：文章应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。 3.主体人称：人称应该以第一、三人称为主。 [谋篇] 第一段：摩擦力现象以及定义。 第二段：摩擦力在生活中的应用。 第三段：希望摩擦力能更多地为人类所用。 第二步　遣词造句 核心词汇 1.阻止……做…… ____________________ 2.滑动；悄悄地溜到 _____ 3.滚屏，滚动 ______ 4.减少，降低 ________ 5.许多，各种不同的 ______________ 6.即将发生；等待着 __________ 7.实施；使生效；实现 ______________ prevent...from doing... slide scroll decrease a wide range of in store for put...into effect [连词成句] 1.是什么东西能让我们拿着笔写字还阻止笔掉落？ What allows us to hold a pen and write， ? 2.这是摩擦力，它是一种使一个物体难以滑过另一个物体表面的力。 It is friction，which is a force ___________________________________ . preventing it from falling that makes it difficult for one object to slide over the surface of another 3.如果没有摩擦力，地面上的风会吹得快得多，这就会使我们很难舒适和安全地生活。 If there were no friction，the wind on the ground ___________________ and that would __________________________________________ . 4.人们希望这些应用能很快实现。 People hope that . would blow much faster make it difficult for us to live comfortably and safely these applications will be put into effect soon 第三步　句式升级 1.用强调句型改写句1。 _______________________________________________________________2.用含有without的虚拟条件句和现在分词短语作状语改写句3。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.用it作形式主语改写句4。 _______________________________________________________________ What is it that allows us to hold a pen and write，preventing it from falling? Without friction，the wind on the ground would blow much faster，making it difficult for us to live comfortably and safely. It is hoped that these applications will be put into effect soon. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇80个词左右的英语短文。 参考范文 Do you know what it is that allows us to hold a pen and write，preventing it from falling? It is friction，which is a force that makes it difficult for one object to slide over the surface of another. Friction can be very useful in our daily life.It helps us turn the pages of the book or scroll the screen on our mobile devices.Friction also protects us in unexpected ways.For example，friction greatly decreases the speed of the wind.Without friction，the wind on the ground would blow much faster，making it difficult for us to live comfortably and safely. There is no denying that a wide range of potential applications of friction are in store for us.It is hoped that these applications will be put into effect soon. 返 回 本课结束 $