Unit 4 Fun with science 同题异文 群文阅读（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高中英语选修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

该高中英语单元复习课件围绕“科学探索”主题，通过“同题异文 群文阅读”梳理了John Snow战胜霍乱的医学案例和仿生彩色冷却材料的研发故事，构建从历史到现代的科学探索脉络，同时整合epidemiology、nanoparticles等核心词汇，帮助学生形成主题词汇网络。 其亮点在于采用群文对比阅读模式，通过分析John Snow的实证研究与蝴蝶翅膀仿生材料的研发过程，培养学生的逻辑推理和信息整合能力，体现思维品质的提升。练习题设计聚焦细节理解与推理，如推断水泵与霍乱的关联、蝴蝶翅膀结构与材料特性的联系，强化语言能力。词汇积累针对性补充科学术语，助力学生夯实基础。这种设计让学生深化科学认知，教师也能通过群文对比引导构建科学思维框架，提高复习实效。

阅读理解 同题异文　群文阅读 Fun with science Unit 4 A (选自人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1) John Snow Defeats “King Cholera” Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome.This illness causes severe diarrhoea，dehydration，and even death.In the early 19th century，when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe，millions of people died from the disease.As a young doctor，John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.In time，he rose to become a famous doctor，and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth. However，he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all. In general，doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.One theory was that bad air caused the disease.The other was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water.Snow subscribed to the second theory.It was correct，but he still needed proof.Consequently，when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854，Snow began to investigate.He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.He was determined to find out why. Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived.There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16,37,38，and 40).However，some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street，and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths.These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.They had been given free beer，and so had not drunk the water from the pump.Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.What is more，in another part of London，a woman and her daughter had died of cholera after moving away from Broad Street. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.As a result of this evidence，John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.Accordingly，he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not be used.Through this intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks. The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.Moreover，Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste.The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through Snow’s tireless efforts，water companies began to sell clean water，and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.However，cholera is still a problem.Each year，millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it.Fortunately，we now know how to prevent cholera，thanks to the work of John Snow.Moreover，in his use of maps and statistics，Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.For this reason，Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology. 1.Which of the following did John Snow believe in? A.Bad air caused cholera. B.What people ate or drank caused cholera. C.People got infected with cholera because of cold and hunger. D.People suffered from cholera because they were not clean. √ 2.What was the key to finding the evidence? A.The government. B.The woman who had moved away from Broad Street. C.The water company. D.The map marked by John Snow. √ 3.How was “King Cholera” controlled at last? A.By using medicines in hospital. B.By driving patients out of the country. C.By dealing with the polluted water. D.By getting rid of all kinds of pollution. √ 4.What conclusion did John Snow draw according to the evidence? A.Cholera germs multiplied in the water. B.Polluted water carried the virus. C.A cloud of dangerous gas caused cholera. D.Cholera could never be controlled even though its cause was found. √ 词汇积累 1.frustrated adj.懊恼的；失意的；沮丧的 2.once and for all 最终地；彻底地 3.germ n.微生物；细菌；病菌 4.epidemiology n.流行病学 B Morpho butterflies are some of the most beautiful butterflies in the world，thanks to their shining blue wings.Now，a new material inspired by butterfly wings was developed by researchers from Shenzhen University in China.This material，a type of colored film，can help keep the objects it is attached to cooler than the temperature around it. The problem of color and the absorption of heat has troubled scientists for centuries.Any object that contains color will heat up faster.This somewhat complex issue has implications for a surprising number of real-world issues.In buildings，large amounts of energy are used for cooling and running the air conditioner in electric cars can greatly reduce the driving range. In order to create a material that could avoid these issues，Dr.Wanlin Wang and his team looked to nature for inspiration，as is often the case in science research.Specifically，they looked at the morpho butterfly.According to the New Scientist，the wings of this brilliantly blue butterfly are made of nanoparticles(纳米级颗粒) arranged in a particular way that bend and bounce light waves to create color as opposed to absorbing them.This allows them to keep cool. Wang and his team are not the first team to create materials that allow for passive cooling using the properties of light; however，they are the first to do so in color.All other materials have been white or clear，while the new film comes in bright blue，yellow and red. In order to test their new material，Wang and his team placed sheets of film in various colors on cars，clothing，cell phones，and roofs，from 9 a.m.to 4 p.m.，both in winter and summer.They discovered that the films were more than 59°F cooler in the winter and 95°F cooler in the summer. Their hope is that eventually this type of film will be used to cover electric cars，but in truth the possibilities are endless: stained glass windows that keep skyscrapers cool，self-cooling camping tents，cool-looking computers that don’t overheat，etc.All of these may one day be a reality thanks to the beautiful morpho butterfly. 1.What is stressed in paragraph 2? A.The complexity of cooling down buildings. B.The necessity of creating new cooling materials. C.The principles of color and heat absorption. D.The applications of the recently developed film. √ 2.What plays a key role in helping the morpho butterfly keep cool? A.Its unique shape. B.The property of light waves. C.Its brilliant color. D.The nanostructure of its wings. √ 3.What is special about the new material? A.It pioneers passive cooling. B.It is a colored cooling material. C.Its size varies with temperature. D.Its creation is inspired by nature. √ 4.Which can best describe the prospect of the new material? A.Uncertain. B.Discouraging. C.Promising. D.Risky. √ 词汇积累 1.absorption n.吸收 2.implication n.可能的影响(或作用、结果) 3.brilliantly adv.明亮地；鲜艳地；才艺精湛地 4.stained glass n.彩色玻璃 5.skyscraper n.摩天大楼 本课结束 $