Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Welcome to the unit & Reading（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高中英语选修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

Section Ⅱ Our living planet Unit 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading Part 1　课文整体理解 Part 2　长句难句分析 Part 3　基础知识达标 整体理解 课文 3 Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A.More than eighty per cent of the world’s oceans are unexplored. B.The amazing world beneath the ocean. C.Creatures living in the twilight zone. D.Geological formations beneath the ocean. √ Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Introduction Para.l：We should explore the world 1. the ocean for 2. and unusual 3._________ . Main body Para.2：4. the known marine life lives in the open ocean，and small filter feeders and hunters live in 5. . beneath new life forms geological formations Much of the twilight zone Main body Para.3：The deep ocean is home to 6.____________ on the Earth. Para.4：Shrimps and other organisms live around 7. ，and the Mariana Trench can be found on the 8. floor. Conclusion Para.5：More 9. beneath the surface of the ocean await us. the strangest creatures hydrothermal vents ocean wonders Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1.What’s the function of the last sentence in paragraph 1? A.To enrich the content. B.To encourage readers to think. C.To tell the readers the necessity of ocean exploration. D.To attract the readers to the topic of ocean exploration. √ 2.What can we know according to paragraph 3? A.No creatures rely on eyesight to obtain food. B.There is no trouble for the fish to find a mate. C.Few organisms in the deep ocean rely only on eyesight. D.It is freezing cold and there is little light in the deep ocean. √ 3.Why does the author mention Mount Qomolangma in paragraph 4? A.To highlight how deep the Challenger Deep is. B.To stress how important the Challenger Deep is. C.To tell the readers how high Mount Qomolangma is. D.To highlight the Challenger Deep is far from boring. √ 4.How is the passage mainly developed? A.By making comparisons. B.In spatial order. C.In chronological order. D.By analyzing causes. √ Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 It is believed that more than eighty per cent of the world’s oceans are not explored，which means that we have explored less than 20 per cent of them.If we want to find exciting new life 1. (form) as well as undiscovered and 2. (usual) geological formations，the oceans are ideal places we should look for. forms unusual The ocean 3. (main) consists of three different zones.The first 200 metres just below the ocean surface 4. (call) the open ocean，where much of the known marine life lives and most visible light 5. (exist).The twilight zone is below 200 metres，where with little sunlight，there is almost no plant life.Here live small filter feeders 6._____ hunters.Past 1,000 metres，we have reached the deep ocean，where there is no light and the pressures are huge.Many strange creatures can be found living 7. this extreme environment.On 8. (reach) the ocean floor，we may see shrimps and other organisms around hydrothermal vents.The famous Mariana Trench can be found in this zone. mainly is called exists and in reaching 9. you can see，the world beneath the surface of the ocean is really an amazing place.The incredible geological formations and unexpected creatures can fascinate you greatly! We can’t wait 10.___ (explore) it. 返 回 As to explore 难句分析 长句 14 1.So，if we want to find (excite) new life forms as well _____ undiscovered and unusual geological formations，the ocean is where we should also be looking.(P2，Para.1) 结构分析：此句话为 句。if引导 从句，where引导 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 exciting as 主从复合 条件状语 表语 因此，如果我们想要发现令人兴奋的新的生命形式以及未被发现的、不寻常的地质构造，海洋是我们也应该寻找的地方。 2.The first 200 metres of our dive takes us what can be called the open ocean，where most visible light exists.(P2，Para.2) 结构分析：此句话为 句。what引导 从句，where引导 从句。 汉语翻译：____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ through 主从复合 宾语 非限制性定语 我们下潜的头200米带我们穿过所谓的透光区，这里有大部分可见光。 3. (sink) below 200 metres，we enter the twilight zone，where there is little sunlight and thus almost no plant life.(P2，Para.2) 结构分析：此句话为 句。where引导 从句。 汉语翻译：____________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ Sinking 主从复合 非限制性定语 下潜到200米以下，我们进入暮光区，这里没有阳光，因此几乎没有植物。 4.Also (live) in the twilight zone are hunters with telescopic，upward-pointing eyes that can easily spot a meal in the waters above.(P2，Para.2) 结构分析：此句话为 句。主句是一个 句，句子的主语是 ；that引导 从句，并在从句中作主语。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ living 主从复合 倒装 hunters 限制性定语 同样生活在暮光区的还有双眼凸起向上的猎食者，它们能轻易地发现上面水域中的食物。 5. (consequent)，the fish most likely (eat) have evolved to have thin bodies so that they are less easily seen from below.(P2，Para.2) 结构分析：此句话为 句。so that引导 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Consequently to be eaten 主从复合 结果状语 结果，最有可能被吃掉的鱼已经进化出细长的身体，所以从下面不太容易看见它们。 6.Also，some fish have both male and female organs to increase the chances of reproduction，as fish are so scarce these depths that it can be difficult for them (find) a mate.(P3，Para.3) 结构分析：此句话为 句。主句中to increase the chances of reproduction 为不定式作 ；as引导 从句，从句中又含有so...that...引导的 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ at to find 主从复合 目的状语 原因状语 结果状语 此外，一些鱼类同时拥有雄性和雌性器官，以增加繁殖的可能性，因为在这样的深度鱼类稀少，以至于它们很难找到配偶。 7.On our journey down，we have been fascinated by incredible geological formations as well as (expect) life forms that have become strangely adapted their extreme environment.(P3，Para.5) 结构分析：此句话为 句。that引导 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ unexpected to 主从复合 限制性定语 在我们下潜的旅途中，不可思议的地质结构，还有已经出奇地适应了极端环境的、出乎意料的生物，让我们心驰神往。 8.With so much of the oceans (leave) to explore，who knows what wonders still await us in the future？(P3，Para.5) 结构分析：此句话为 句。what引导 从句。 汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ left 主从复合 宾语 海洋还剩下这么多的地方要被探索，谁知道未来还有什么奇迹等着我们呢？ Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 Meanwhile，it is estimated that more than eighty per cent of the world’s oceans are unexplored.(P2，Para.1) 同时，据估算，世界上超过80%的海洋尚未被探索。 Before the discovery of these creatures，it was thought that all life on the Earth obtained its energy from the sun.(P3，Para.4) 在发现这些生物之前，人们认为地球上的所有生命都是从太阳获得能量的。 结构分析：这两句话中的it都是作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。 1　it is＋v.-ed＋that... it作形式主语的常用句式： • It be＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，hoped，reported...)＋that 从句 • It be＋形容词(strange，important，vital，obvious，possible...)＋that 从句 • It be＋名词短语(a pity，a shame，a fact，a good idea，no wonder...) ＋that从句 • It＋不及物动词(occur，happen，seem...)＋that从句 (1)希望将来某一天我有机会目睹海洋中的鱼类是如何被它们的敌人捕获的。 to witness how the fish in the ocean are captured by their enemies. (2)显然，我们应该花一些时间来简要回顾一下唐朝的历史。 we should spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the Tang Dynasty. It is hoped that some day I will have a chance It is obvious that (3)中国的载人潜水器“蛟龙号”在2012年创下了世界下潜纪录，这是事实。 China’s manned submersible，Jiaolong，set a world diving record in 2012. (4)(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)碰巧两年前我们在“中国——爱尔兰文化节”上相识，并且成为好朋友。 ____________________________________________________ and became good friends two years ago. It is a fact that It happened that we met at China-Ireland Cultural Festival On reaching the ocean floor，we may see shrimps and other organisms around hydrothermal vents.(P3，Para.4) 一到达海底，我们就可能在热液喷口周围看到虾和其他生物。 2　on doing...一……就…… • on/upon doing...“一……就……”，表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生。 • “一……就……”的其他表达：as soon as，the moment/minute/instant， immediately/directly/instantly，no sooner...than...，hardly...when...。 (1)(读后续写之情绪描写)一听到这个消息，他就抑制不住心中的兴奋，高兴地跳了起来。 ，he was unable to control his inner excitement and jumped with joy. (2)(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)我的头一被从大南瓜里拔出来，我就松了一口气。 ______________________________________________________________ ，I sighed in relief. On/Upon hearing the news As soon as/The instant/Immediately my head was pulled out of the huge pumpkin (3)She when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门就有一个学生来看望她。 had hardly gone out Of the many strange geological formations to be found here are rock bridges which cross the Trench，some reaching a height of 2,500 metres above the Challenger Deep.(P3，Para.4) 在这里发现的许多奇怪的地质构造中有跨越(马里亚纳)海沟的石桥，有些在“挑战者深渊”上方达2 500米的高度。 3　独立主格结构 结构分析： 此句话为主从复合句。主句为倒装结构，其中to be found here为动词不定式作后置定语；which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词rock bridges；“some reaching a height of...”为“主语＋现在分词短语”构成的独立主格结构。 • 独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种结构，在句中 一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。 • 其常用形式： 逻辑主语(名词或代词)＋ 现在分词(表示主动) 过去分词(表示被动或完成) 动词不定式(表示将来) 形容词/副词/名词/介词短语 (1)(读后续写之情绪描写)当认出来访者是谁时，约翰张大了嘴巴，他的眼里闪耀着兴奋的光芒。(n.＋v.-ing) When he recognized who the visitor was，John opened his mouth wide， . (2)他的精力都集中在研究海洋的地质构造上，他没有时间陪伴家人。(n.＋v.-ed) researching geological formations of the ocean，he had no time for his family. his eyes sparkling/shining with excitement His attention concentrated/focused on (3)黄昏时分史蒂文低着头，眼里含着泪，慢慢地向公交车走去。(n.＋adv.) At twilight，Steven walked slowly to the bus，_____________ and tears in his eyes. his head down 课文重点词块默写 1.太空的浩瀚无垠 __________________ 2.增进我们对宇宙的了解 _____________________________________ 3.我们对外太空的好奇心 ___________________________ 4.仍然不动摇 __________________ 5.不寻常的地质结构 ___________________________ 6.潜到海底 ___________________________ 7.很可能被吃掉 __________________ 8.阻止它们逃跑 ____________________________ the vastness of space advance our understanding of the universe our curiosity about outer space remain unshakeable unusual geological formations dive to the bottom of the ocean be likely to be eaten prevent them from getting away 9.仅依靠它们的视觉生存 _________________________________ 10.避免被捕获 _________________ 11.依靠其他感官 _____________________ 12.察觉水压的细微变化 __________________________________ 13.除了……以外(还) _____________ 14.位于 ____________ 15.作为……而出名 ____________ 16.一点也不无聊 _________________ 17.被……深深吸引 _______________ 18.适应它们的极端环境 ________________________________ rely solely on their eyesight to survive avoid being caught depend on other senses detect slight changes in water pressure in addition to be located in be known as be far from boring be fascinated by adapt to their extreme environment 返 回 知识达标 基础 38 1.据说，一位地质学专家将来我们学校开讲座。(it be＋v.-ed＋that...) a geologist would come to our school to deliver a lecture. 2.一听到这个消息，对地质学感兴趣的学生们高兴地跳了起来。(on doing) ，the students who are interested in geology leapt with joy. 3.出席讲座的是来自我们学校的学生和老师。(完全倒装) the students and teachers from our school. 单句写作(课文佳句仿写) It was said that On hearing the news Present at the lecture were 4.他的讲座由许多话题组成，一个是关于地球的形成。(独立主格) His speech consisted of a variety of topics，__________________________ . 5.这个讲座不仅激发了同学们对地质学的兴趣，还增进了同学们对地质学的了解。(not only倒装) geology，but it also advanced their understanding of geology. one concerning the formation of the earth Not only did the lecture arouse the students’ interest in 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It was said that a geologist would come to our school to deliver a lecture.On hearing the news，the students who are interested in geology leapt with joy.Present at the lecture were the students and teachers from our school.His speech consisted of a variety of topics，one concerning the formation of the earth.Not only did the lecture arouse the students’ interest in geology，but it also advanced their understanding of geology. 返 回 本课结束 $