Unit 2 Section Ⅰ Vocabulary（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语核心词汇，系统梳理25个重点单词（如deserve, whisper）、5个短语（如rely on, consist of）及18个拓展词汇（如compose→composer, sorrow→sorrowful），构建“词汇认知-词形转换/多义拓展-语境应用”的学习支架，衔接阅读词汇与写作佳句，强化词汇在不同语境中的灵活运用。 资料以“用法讲解+语境应用”为特色，通过deserve的“deserve doing/to be done”搭配及屈原写作佳句，提升语言表达能力。多样化训练题（语法填空、七选五、阅读理解）如EyeHarp科技文阅读，培养信息提取与逻辑思维，体现思维品质。课中辅助教师情境化教学，课后助力学生通过词汇训练查漏补缺，提升自主学习能力。

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary Ⅰ.写重点词汇 1．deserve vt.值得，应得 2．whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n．低语；轻柔的声音；传言 3．dramatic adj.激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的 4．weep vi.& vt.哭泣，流泪 5．overcome vt.受到……的极大影响；克服，解决；战胜 6．folk adj.民间的，民俗的n．民间音乐；人们；各位；家人 7．guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修n．保证，担保；保修单 8．flow vi.流，流动；充满；涨起n．流，流动；连贯；涨潮 9．stare vi.盯着看，凝视，注视n．盯，凝视，注视 10．grab vt.& vi.吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧 11．sweep vt.& vi.席卷，横扫；打扫；吹走；清除n．打扫，清扫 12．accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏 13．remarkable adj.非凡的，奇异的，显著的，引人注目的 14．vast adj.大量的，辽阔的，巨大的 15．reputation n．名誉，名声 16．brilliant adj.聪颖的，技艺高的；巧妙的；很成功的；明亮的 17．extraordinary adj.不寻常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人惊奇的 18．upset adj.难过的，失望的 vt.使烦恼；搅乱；打翻 19．abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃 20．desperate adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的 21．uplifting adj.令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的 22．ease n．容易，轻易；舒适，安逸 vi.& vt.(使)宽慰，减轻 23．grand adj.宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的，堂皇的 24．tear apart使(关系密切的人)分离，分开 25．rely on 依赖，依靠；信任 26．throw in奉送，额外赠送 27．for good measure作为额外增添 28．consist of 由……组成(或构成) 29．get down to (doing) sth开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事 30．all of a sudden 突然，猛地 Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇 1．compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静→composer n．作曲家，作曲者 2．sorrow n．悲伤，悲痛；伤心事→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲痛的；悲哀的 3．transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化→transformation n．(彻底的)变化，转变，改观，变革 4．combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并→combination n．结合；组合；联合 5．surround vt.环绕；包围→surroundings n．周围，环境→surrounding adj.周围的 6．adaptation n．改编本，改写本；适应→adapt vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应 7．defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解→defence n．防御；防卫 8．greet vt.问候，欢迎，招呼→greeting n．问候，招呼；[pl.]祝词，问候的话 9．suitable adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的→suit v．相配；合身；适合 10．distant adj.遥远的，远处的，久远的；冷淡的；远亲的→distance n．距离；远方；间隔 11．breath n．呼吸的空气；一次吸入的空气；微量，迹象→breathe vi.呼吸；松口气 12．expect vt.期望；指望；认为；预料 vi.期待；预期→expectation n．希望，盼望；预料，预期；期望，指望 13．enthusiastic adj.热情的，热心的→enthusiasm n．热心；热忱；热情 14．gift n．礼物；天赋；才能→gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的 15．predict v．预言，预知→prediction n．预言，预测 16．depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气→depressed adj.沮丧的；萧条的→depressing adj.令人抑郁的，使人沮丧的 17．possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制→possession n．拥有；[pl.]财产 18．variation n．变奏，变奏曲；变化，变更；变体，变种→vary vi.(根据情况)变化，变更；(大小、形状等)相异，不同 vt.变更，改变→various adj.各种各样的→variety n．变化；多样(化)；多变(性) Ⅲ.认阅读词汇 1．When egg whites are beaten they can rise to seven or eight times their original volume.n.体积 2．The situation was more complicated than they had at first realized.adj.复杂的，难懂的 3．Chaplin was not just a genius，he was among the most influential figures in film history.n.天才 deserve vt.值得，应得 deserve to do值得做……；应该做…… deserve to be done＝deserve doing/n.值得被……；应受…… (1)The suggestion put forward by the elderly expert at the meeting deserves consideration/considering/to be considered(consider)． (2)The composer deserved to win(win) first prize because he had made enough preparations for the contest. [写作佳句] (3)(2023·全国甲，短文投稿)屈原被公认为是最杰出的历史人物之一，他确实值得尊敬。 Qu Yuan is widely acknowledged to be one of the most extraordinary historical figures，who really deserves respect/to be respected/respecting. whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响n．低语；轻柔的声音；传言 •whisper to sb 向某人低声说 whisper sth in one’s ear在某人耳边低语某事 It is/was whispered that...据秘密传闻…… •in a whisper＝in whispers耳语地；低声地 (1)They whispered to each other for fear that they would wake the sleeping child up. (2)It was whispered(whisper) that the talks had fallen apart because each side had concerns. [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之心理＋动作描写)她太紧张了以至于总是忘记要说什么，而且她说话的声音几乎是耳语。 She was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say，and she spoke almost in a whisper/in whispers. (4)(读后续写之心理描写)她俯下身来，在她儿子耳边轻轻地说了些什么。 She leaned over and gently whispered something in her son’s ear. transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化[transformation n．(彻底的)变化，转变，改观，变革] transform A into B 把A转变成B transform...from...into...把……从……转变成…… (1)I had just completed this transformation(transform) when we heard the sound of wheels outside. (2)It was the selfless love and dependence from Otto that was transformed into the most powerful drug to cure my mom’s physical illness. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之感谢信)另外，你们的慷慨帮助和体贴关怀让我感受到了热烈的欢迎，也让我的第一次美国之行变成了一段难忘而愉快的回忆。 Additionally，your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into an unforgettable and pleasant memory. rely on 依赖，依靠；信任 ·rely on/upon sb to do/doing sth 依靠/指望某人做某事 rely on/upon sb/sth for sth 指望某人/某物以获得某物 rely on/upon it that...相信……，指望…… •介词后不能直接跟that引导的宾语从句，需要用it作形式宾语再接宾语从句。与rely on意义和用法相同的短语还有：depend on，count on。 (1)You can rely on/upon it that I will help you when you are in trouble. (2)We should rely on/upon ourselves rather than others for what we need. (3)We can rely on/upon our friends sharing/to share(share) happiness and sorrow，otherwise we will feel lonely. [写作佳句] (4)(应用文写作之申请信)你可以相信我的介绍可以加深游客对中国传统文化的了解。 You can rely on/upon it that my introduction can deepen visitors’ understanding of traditional Chinese culture. guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修n．保证，担保；保修单 •guarantee sb sth＝guarantee sth to sb 向某人保证某事 guarantee to do sth/that...保证做某事；保证…… be guaranteed to do sth 肯定会做某事；必定会做某事 •under guarantee在保修期内 give sb a guarantee that...向某人担保/保证…… (1)You can rely on it that we guarantee to overcome(overcome) the difficulty and finish the task on time. (2)I’m writing to make a complaint about my newly-bought iPad，which is still under guarantee，but won’t work now. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之建议信)至于准备工作，提前阅读一些中文小说会确保让你适应汉语环境。 As for preparation，reading some Chinese novels in advance will guarantee to make you adapt to the Chinese language environment. (4)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，短文投稿)我向你保证，一旦你读了这份英文报Youth，你就会喜欢上它。 I give you a guarantee that you will he fond of it once you read the English newspaper Youth. consist of (＝be made up of，be composed of)由……组成(或构成)(consist v．组成；构成 consistent adj.一致的；始终如一；连续的) •consist in在于；存在于 •be consistent with...与……一致 •consist of，belong to，come into being，date back to，date from等几个短语都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。 (1)It is universally acknowledged that life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle. (2)(读后续写之主旨升华)Only when our words are consistent with our actions can we make a difference to our lives. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之建议信)我强烈建议我们的英语电影欣赏课程由欣赏电影和讨论精彩的电影台词组成。 I strongly suggest that our English film appreciation course (should) consist of/be composed of/be made up of enjoying the film and talking about wonderful movie lines. (4)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，新闻报道)运动员主要由选拔自不同班级和年级的学生组成，他们踊跃参加了比赛。 The players，mainly consisting of the students selected from different classes and grades，attended the race actively.(consist) defend vt.& vi.保护，防御；辩白，辩解(defence n．保护；保卫) •defend...from/against...保护……不受…… defend oneself自卫 •in defence of为……辩护；保护…… (1)We defended ourselves against being attacked(attack) with the bear approaching. (2)It is essential that everyone(should) learn how to defend himself(he) by the lawful means. [写作佳句] (3)The mother rushed there to defend her child when faced with the dangerous attack. ＝The mother rushed there in defence of her child when faced with the dangerous attack. get down to (doing) sth 开始做某事，开始认真注意(或对待)某事 get along/on with 相处；进展 get sth across 被理解；把……表达清楚；被传达 get used to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事 get over 解决，克服；从(疾病、震惊中等)恢复常态 get through 通过；完成；打通电话；度过 get away from 从……脱离；逃脱…… get rid of除去，去掉 (应用文写作之建议信)得知你很难适应新的学校生活，我写信的目的是给你一些建议。首先，为什么不开始参加一些兴趣小组，这样你就可以找到志同道合的朋友？此外，你可以向能够帮助你克服困难的学校顾问求助。最后但同样重要的是，如果你真诚地与你的同学交流，你的意思会被理解。总之，按照上面的建议去做，你一定可以尽快和你的同学相处得很好。 Learning that you have difficulty (in) getting used to your new school life，I am writing with the aim of offering you some tips.To begin with，why not get down to taking part in some interest groups so that you can find friends with similar interest？In addition，you can turn to the school adviser who can help you get over/get through your hardships.Last but not least，if you communicate with your classmates sincerely，you will get your meaning across.In brief，follow the above suggestions，and you can definitely get along/on well with your classmates as soon as possible. suitable adj.合适的，适宜的，适当的，适用的(suit vt.适合；合身；相称n．西服；套装) •be suitable for...适合于…… be suitable to do sth 适合做某事 •suit...to...使……适合…… (1)Personally，once we have a suitable(suit)learning method，we can make much more progress. (2)There is no doubt that a good chef suits his recipes to the appetites of his customers. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之申请信)我坚信我适合(做)这项志愿者工作，因为我精通英语。 ①I firmly believe that I’m suitable for/to do the voluntary work，because I have a good command of English. ②I firmly believe that the voluntary work suits me，because I have a good command of English. accompany vt.陪同，陪伴；伴随，与……同时发生；为……伴奏(company n．陪伴；公司) accompany sb＝keep sb company陪伴某人 accompany sb to sp陪伴某人去某地 accompany sb at/on sth 用(钢琴等)为某人伴奏 be accompanied by 由……伴奏；伴随着 (1)(读后续写之场景描写)Accompanied by her mother on/at the piano，the girl gave us an unusual performance，which won a great applause. (2)The wind blew the trees violently on our sides，accompanied by heavy rain and you can hardly imagine how frightened we were. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之道歉信)得知我不能按时陪你去书店，我心里感到很不安。 It upsets me greatly to know that I can’t accompany you to the bookstore on time. gifted adj.有才华的，有天赋的(gift n．天赋；才能；礼物) •be gifted/talented in 在……方面有天分 •have a gift/talent for在……方面有天分；对……有天赋 a man of many gifts/talents 多才多艺的人 (1)He is one of the gifted(gift) athletes who will take part in the Olympic Games on behalf of our country. (2)The gifted composer is a man of many gifts，who has a good knowledge of folk music. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之通知)任何有音乐才能或喜欢唱歌的人都可以参加比赛。 ①Anyone who has a gift/talent for music or loves singing can participate in the contest. ②Anyone who is gifted/talented in music or loves singing can participate in the contest. depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧；使萧条，使不景气[depressed adj.消沉的，沮丧的；萧条的depressing adj.令人沮丧的depression n．抑郁(症)；沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)] feel/be depressed about/over/at对……感到沮丧 (1)Hearing the depressing news，the chef felt depressed about it and later he was lost in depression，which depressed everyone around him.(depress) [写作佳句] (2)(读后续写之情感描写)她对这个结果感到如此沮丧，以至于她发现自己不知不觉地哭了，止不住眼泪。 She felt so depressed about/over/at the result that she found herself crying unconsciously，unable to hold back her tears. upset adj.难过的，失望的 vt.(upset，upset)使烦恼；搅乱；打翻 •be upset by/about/at sth 为某事心烦(难过) be upset to do sth 对做某事感到不安 •What upsets sb is...让某人心烦(难过)的是…… It upsets sb to do sth/that...做某事让人心烦(难过)/让某人心烦(难过)的是…… (1)(2020·浙江7月，应用文写作)We are upset to hear(hear) that you are suffering from a serious illness and I sincerely hope you will soon be restored to health. (2)I am so upset by/about/at the incident that I am not in the mood to talk with her about it. [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之心理描写)让我们感到不安的是，我们被困在一个狭窄的角落里，在那里我们可以听到熊的喘息声。 ①What upset us was that we were trapped in a narrow corner，where we could hear the gasps of the bear.(主语从句) ②It upset us that we were trapped in a narrow corner，where we could hear the gasps of the breath.(it作形式主语) (4)(读后续写之心理描写)既沮丧又无助，我静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊流淌。 Upset and helpless，I stood silently，tears streaming down my cheeks. possess vt.具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制[possession n．拥有；(pl.)所有物；财产] •be possessed of 具有(某品质、能力等) •in possession of 占有；拥有；持有(主语为人) in the possession of sb＝in one’s possession(某物)为某人所有 take possession of 占有；拥有；支配 (1)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)I encouraged David who was at a loss，“Do keep in mind that only by being possessed(possess) of a good state of mind can you attain success.” (2)What astonished us was that he was in possession of a large number of the composer’s works. [写作佳句] (3)(应用文写作之申请信)更为重要的是，我具有与别人交流的天赋，并且我总是准备好去帮助有困难的人。 More importantly，I am possessed of a gift/talent for communicating with others and I am always ready to help others in need. (4)(读后续写之主旨升华) 幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。 Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have，but enjoying what we possess/take possession of/are in possession of. abandon vt.中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃n．[U] 放任；放纵(abandoned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的) •abandon oneself to (doing) sth 沉湎于(做)某事；纵情于(做)某事 abandon (doing) sth 放弃(做)某事 •with abandon 放纵地；放任地；尽情地 •be abandoned to (doing) sth 沉湎于(做)某事 (1)Abandoning(abandon) himself to the Internet games，he failed to live up to his parents’ expectations. ＝Abandoned(abandon) to the Internet games，he failed to live up to his parents’ expectations. (2)He whispered to me that he had abandoned going(go) to the concert to listen to the folk music. [写作佳句] (3)感到沮丧，我发现我完全沉溺于玩电脑游戏。 Feeling frustrated，I found I completely abandoned myself to/was abandoned to playing computer games. (4)(读后续写之情感描写)我们放纵地唱歌、跳舞、大笑，忘却了生活中的烦恼。 We sang，danced，and laughed with abandon，forgetting the troubles in our lives. desperate adj.绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的(desperately adv.拼命地；迫切地；非常 desperation n．绝望) •be desperate for...渴望得到…… be desperate to do...渴望做…… •in desperation绝望地；无可奈何地 (1)(应用文写作之申请信)Desperate for the chance to be a volunteer，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity. (2)(应用文写作之求助信)Having got low scores in writing in recent English exams，I’m writing to desperately(desperate) ask for your help. [写作佳句] (3)(读后续写之情感描写)她唯一迫切想做的事就是扑在她的小床上痛哭一场！ The only thing she was desperate to do was throw herself onto her little bed and weep wildly! (4)(读后续写之场景描写)听到这个令人难过的消息，那个男孩绝望地站在那里，不知道该怎么办。 Hearing the bitter news，the boy stood there in desperation，not knowing what to do. ease n．容易，轻易；舒适，安逸 vi.& vt.(使)宽慰，减轻 •at ease舒适；无拘无束；自由自在 put/set sb at ease使某人感到轻松自在 with ease轻而易举地；熟练地 •ease sb of...减轻某人的…… ease one’s mind使某人安心 (1)From my point of view，playing basketball is one of the best ways to ease us of our great study pressure. (2)When you feel nervous，you’d better listen to some pleasant music to put/set yourself at ease. [写作佳句] (3)(话题写作之语言学习)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会轻松地提高你的书面英语表达能力。 If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day，you can improve your written English with ease. (4)(读后续写之情绪描写)因为极度紧张我的心怦怦跳，但是她的热情欢迎很快使我放松了下来。她既聪明又幽默，和她在一起我感到很自在。 My heart pounded with extreme nervousness，but her warm welcome soon put/set me at ease.She was smart and humorous and I felt at ease with her. Ⅰ.一词多义 dramatic A.激动人心的；引人注目的　B.巨大而突然的，急剧的　C.戏剧性的；戏剧的 1．(2023·浙江1月)Habitat loss，pesticide use，and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades，which has damaged the U．S.agricultural economy. B 2．They watched dramatic pictures of the police raid(突击搜查) on TV. A 3．(2021·浙江6月)Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. C brilliant A.巧妙的　B.很成功的　C.聪颖的　D.鲜艳的，明亮的 4．(2020·江苏)In looking into the stories of biological discovery，I also began to find something else，a collection of scientists，usually brilliant，occasionally half-mad，who made the discoveries. C 5．(2020·北京)Afel found out that the next Winter Olympics would be in Beijing，in 2022.“Perfect，”he thought.“Enough time for me to become a brilliant skier.” B 6．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth.Not a brilliant idea，but funny；and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. A 7．Cycling along the small path，and bathed in the brilliant sunshine，the boy felt at ease. D Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．On hearing the dramatic victory，I was so excited that I could hardly compose myself.v.使镇静 2．(2022·全国乙)The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing.v.促使(某人做某事)，使去做 3．Her manner was cold and distant. adj.疏远的 4．Several factors combined to depress the housing market.v.使萧条；使不景气 训练1　Vocabulary(A)　[分值：47.5分] Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分) 1．It’s not suitable to keep staring at others when you are attending a party. 2．The tune was so uplifting that it made the atmosphere more comfortable and pleasant. 3．After several generations，some geniuses(天才) are born to rewrite history. 4．The army will do whatever it takes to defend the motherland against any invasion. 5．A crowd of enthusiastic music lovers were streaming(涌动) into the theatre all the morning. 6．The typhoon swept the roofs of many houses，causing great damage to the local people. 7．The people in the rural village are so enthusiastic(热情的) that they are willing to help every visitor. 8．He threw himself entirely into his research，which earned him a good reputation in his field. 9．It’s typical of my mother to put perfume on her handkerchief(手帕) to make it smell pleasant. 10．WeChat has transformed(改变) the way people communicate in the past few years，which makes it convenient for us to keep in touch with each other. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 1．The naughty boy stood up suddenly，upsetting(upset) a bottle of sauce. 2．The shy girl whispered to me that it was the first time that she had enjoyed the dessert. 3．After half an hour，the kids transformed the surroundings into a heaven of birds. 4．The symphony being broadcast now was created by a well-known composer(compose)． 5．As far as I know，they have abandoned carrying(carry) out the research for lack of statistics. 6．The students streamed into the hall to enjoy the performance of the gifted(gift) pianist. 7．We guarantee to refund(refund) your money if you are not delighted with your purchase. 8．With the help of some reliable(rely) friends，he overcame many difficulties and finished the task on time. 9．The people in the flooded area fought bravely against the natural disaster，whose bravery deserved praise/praising/to be praised(praise)． 10．The medical team consisting(consist) of fifty doctors and twenty nurses were sent to aid the people in earthquake-stricken area. Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，共10分) When Joel Bueno informed his parents that he wanted to play music just like his elder twin brothers，the couple were shocked.It seemed an impossible wish to satisfy their adorable boy.But then they found EyeHarp—a gaze-activated digital instrument that their son，diagnosed with cerebral palsy(大脑性瘫痪)，could play.Sitting in a hotel lobby about to go on stage，Joel says the EyeHarp—the name of the instrument as well as the company—brings him joy.But more than that，it enables him to express a range of emotions with others. Zacharias Vamvakousis is the creative force behind EyeHarp.In 2008，he began looking into ways for disabled people to play music when a friend of his had a motorcycle accident that threatened his ability to play the guitar.It set him on a path that integrated(整合) his musical passion with his computer science skills. EyeHarp became a mission.For many people with severe disabilities，expressing basic thoughts and feelings—let alone intentional creative expression—can be a challenge.But Dr.Vamvakousis’ combination of art and technology enables users to communicate from their soul by translating the smallest movements into musical notes on digital instruments of their choice.He created the not-for-profit EyeHarp Association in 2019，with the goal of making musical expression available to all. The EyeHarp is in its fifth version.Now he’s focused on making the instrument as user-friendly as possible for music teachers and therapists(治疗师)．“Playing music is a process that requires studying and having music classes，” he notes.“So if we want it to reach many people，we have to reach first the music teachers.” Globally，around 50 million people could benefit from augmented(增强的) and alternative communication technology，Dr.Vamvakousis estimates.Currently，he says，fewer than 2% are so equipped.So far，around 650 people are using either the basic or advanced versions of EyeHarp. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了 Zacharias Vamvakousis 开发的EyeHarp可以帮助残疾人演奏音乐表达情感、重燃人生希望的故事。 1．Why is Joel Bueno’s experience mentioned in paragraph 1? A．To show his passion for music. B．To introduce a cure for a brain disease. C．To praise his strong will against disability. D．To present the function of a digital instrument. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，EyeHarp 帮助患有大脑性瘫痪的 Joel Bueno实现了演奏音乐的梦想，所以可推断，提到Joel的经历是为了展示一种数码乐器的功能。故选D。 2．What inspired Dr.Vamvakousis to invent EyeHarp? A．His sympathy for Joel Bueno. B．His eagerness to help his friend. C．His pursuit of becoming a musician. D．His ambition to get a master’s degree. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，Zacharias Vamvakousis在他的朋友因遭遇车祸而无法弹吉他之后开始研究如何将音乐和电脑技术相结合，最终开发了 EyeHarp来帮助他的朋友。故选B。 3．What does Dr.Vamvakousis think of EyeHarp? A．It is thought poorly of. B．It is an expensive device. C．It has benefited millions of people. D．It has an enormous potential market. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Globally，around 50 million people could benefit from...Currently，he says，fewer than 2% are so equipped.”可推知，Vamvakousis博士认为EyeHarp有一个巨大的潜在市场。故选D。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Music: A Good Way to Find Your Inner Voice B．Zacharias Vamvakousis: A Creative Musician C．EyeHarp: New Hope for Disabled Music Lovers D．Joel Bueno: A Disabled Boy with Strong Willingness 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段内容可知，本文主要介绍了EyeHarp这一发明帮助残疾人演奏音乐来表达情感、重燃人生希望。故选C。 Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) What would the world be like without music？ 1 The truth is that we all love music for many different reasons.Listening to music provides all of us with so many different benefits.Here are four reasons why you should listen to music daily in your life. Music helps reduce stress.Music is great for dancing，having fun and making your day go faster.But do you know that listening to music actually helps to relieve stress? According to several researches and studies，music helps calm individuals down and reduce people’s physiological(生理的) stress. 2 Music helps you sleep.Do you have trouble sleeping at night？ 3 According to a study，those with poor sleeping habits benefit greatly by listening to music.And classical music especially is an effective treatment for sleeping problems. Music helps improve social skills. 4 Then you should start playing some music at once.Music actually helps people improve their social skills.By listening to music，you will likely end up in the places where others with similar musical tastes will be.It could be in a club party or even on a social media site. 5 It may be hard to believe，but certain types of music can actually help you stay dedicated.In a study，researchers found that both classical and baroque music have the effect on people.The study found that the melody and rhythm of these types of music can calm you down. A．Music helps you concentrate. B．It is hard to imagine such a thing. C．Do you want to make more friends? D．So if you want to relax，turn on the radio right away. E．If so，why not listen to some music before going to bed? F．Music can help improve your performance in work or study. G．You can also meet new people and have fun while you’re at a party. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人们应该每天听音乐的原因。 1．答案　B 解析　空前“What would the world be like without music？”提出疑问——如果没有音乐这个世界会怎么样？空后“The truth is that we all love music for many different reasons.Listening to music provides all of us with so many different benefits.”说明音乐对我们所有人都有很多好处，所以这个世界不能没有音乐，B选项“很难想象这样的事情”承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 2．答案　D 解析　空前“According to several researches and studies，music helps calm individuals down and reduce people’s physiological(生理的) stress.”说明音乐可以减少人的压力，D选项“所以如果你想放松一下，马上打开收音机”承接上文，故选D。 3．答案　E 解析　空前“Music helps you sleep.Do you have trouble sleeping at night？”说明音乐可以助眠并提出疑问——你晚上会睡不着吗？空格处应该建议人们在失眠时听听音乐，E选项“如果是这样，为什么不在睡前听听音乐呢？”承接上文，故选E。 4．答案　C 解析　空前“音乐有助于提高社交技能”说明了音乐有助于社交，也就是可以帮人交朋友，C选项“你想交更多的朋友吗？”承接上文，且和后文提出的利用音乐来交朋友的做法相呼应，因此承上启下，故选C。 5．答案　A 解析　空格处是本段主题句。空后“It may be hard to believe，but certain types of music can actually help you stay dedicated.”说明音乐可以帮助人集中注意力，A选项“音乐可以帮助你集中注意力”概括了本段主要内容，可作为本段主题句，故选A。 训练2　Vocabulary(B)　[分值：35分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Thinking of getting your child to take up a sport that involves(牵涉) a coach or instructor? Good news: A new study finds that children who take part in organized physical activity at a young age are less likely to have emotional difficulties by the time they turn 12. “The elementary school years are a key time in child development，”said Frédéric N．Brière，a psycho-education professor who led the study published this month in Pediatric Research.“And every parent wants to raise a well-adjusted child.” Researchers followed a birth group over time to examine whether continual participation in organized sport from ages 6 to 10 would lower risks related with emotional distress，anxiety，shyness，social pullback at the age of 12.Their goal was to test this question as critically as possible by eliminating(排除) pre-existing child or family conditions that could offer an alternative explanation. To do this，Brière and his team examined data from a group of children born in 1997 or 1998 who are part of the Quebee Longitudinal Study of Child Development.From ages 6 to 10，mothers reported whether their children participated in organized physical activity.At the age of 12，teachers reported on the children’s levels of emotional distress，anxiety，shyness，and social pullback at school. “The results revealed that children who participated frequently from ages 6 to 10 showed fewer instances of those factors at the age of 12 than their peers who did not join in physical activity in a continual way，” said Brière.“We found these benefits above and beyond pre-existing individual and family characteristics.” “Getting kids actively involved in organized sport seems to promote global development.This involvement appears to be good on a socio-emotional level and not just because of physical benefits.Being less emotionally distressed at the key stage between elementary and high school is a priceless benefit for children，as they are about to enter a much larger universe with bigger academic challenges.This research supports current parental guidelines promoting children’s involvement in physical activity，” Brière concluded. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究表明，小时候参加有组织的体育活动的孩子在12岁时出现情绪问题的可能性较小。 1．Why did Brière’s team follow a birth group over time? A．To test their guess. B．To check the kids’ health. C．To offer an alternative explanation. D．To record the kids’ mental conditions. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，研究人员对一组刚出生的孩子进行长期跟踪调查是为了验证研究人员的猜想：从6岁到10岁持续参加有组织的体育运动是否会降低他们在12岁时出现情绪困扰、焦虑、羞怯和社交退缩的风险。故选A。 2．How did the researchers reach their conclusion? A．By doing survey on teachers. B．By eliminating other factors. C．By analyzing and comparing data. D．By organizing physical activities. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段第一句可推知，研究人员通过分析和研究比较孩子们6－10岁时的运动数据及12岁时的情绪问题数据从而得出结论。故选C。 3．Why is emotional health important to children between age 6 and 12? A．They will soon face great academic stress. B．They go through a quick development. C．They are too busy to participate in sports. D．They are more likely to have mental problems. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Being less emotionally distressed at the key stage between elementary and high school is a priceless benefit for children，as they are about to enter a much larger universe with bigger academic challenges.”可知，情绪健康对于6至12岁的孩子很重要的原因在于他们很快就会面临巨大的学业压力。故选A。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．It’s Easy to Raise a Well-Adjusted Child B．Sticking to Organized Sport Can Help Kids Adjust C．Organized Sport Promotes Emotional Difficulties D．School Education Is Critical for Child Development 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据文章第二段以及最后一段可知，文章主要讲述的是坚持参与有组织的运动可以帮助孩子适应各种变化，减少情绪问题。故选B。 B Last Friday，a robot called EveR 6 led an orchestra(管弦乐队) in a performance of Korean music at the National Theater of Korea.EveR 6 is about as tall as a person，and has a human-like face that can show emotions.Its joints(关节) allow it to move its arms quickly and smoothly in many different directions. But EveR 6 doesn’t think on its own like some advanced artificial intelligence programs.Instead，it has a limited group of movements that it has been trained to perform.To make these movements as natural as possible，EveR 6’s movements are based on those captured from real human conductors. In Friday’s performance，the National Orchestra of South Korea presented a concert titled “Absence”．The concert included five different pieces of music.Two were conducted by EveR 6，and two were conducted by Choi Soo-yeoul，who leads the Busan Philharmonic Orchestra.Both conductors worked together on the final piece. Mr Choi was impressed with the way EveR 6 moved.“The robot was able to present such detailed moves much better than I had imagined，” he said. But Mr Choi added that the robot’s biggest weakness is that it can’t hear.“Some people think that conducting is just a combination of hand waving and keeping the beat，” said Mr Choi.“But a good conductor needs to listen to the orchestra，so that he or she can correct and encourage the orchestra as it plays.” Mr Choi and EveR 6 both conducted a piece of music called “Sense”．Instead of musical notes，EveR 6 had instructions for how to play the piece.The conductors and musicians had to work together to create the music.Mr Choi communicated with the musicians while EveR 6 kept the beat.Mr Choi said that once EveR 6 started，the musicians had “no choice but to follow its beats”． Mr Choi doesn’t think robots are likely to replace human conductors.But he believes robots could be helpful in situations like practice sessions where the same thing needs to be repeated many times. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是由机器人EveR 6参与指挥的一场音乐会的情况以及韩国指挥家崔秀烈对EveR 6的评价。 5．What do we know about EveR 6 from the text? A．It is an experienced conductor. B．It has a lifelike appearance. C．It is able to listen to music. D．It is much shorter than a person. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“EveR 6 is about as tall as a person，and has a human-like face that can show emotions.”可知，EveR 6有着类似人类的生动的外观。故选B。 6．What does the underlined word “captured”in paragraph 2 mean? A．Stolen. B．Stopped. C．Recorded. D．Hidden. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“it has a limited group of movements...To make these movements as natural as possible，EveR 6’s movements are based on those”及画线词后“from real human conductors”可知，为了使这些动作尽可能自然，EveR 6的动作是基于从人类指挥家那里记录到的动作。由此可知，画线词的意思是“记录”。故选C。 7．What advantage does a human conductor have over EveR 6? A．Waving hands. B．Keeping the beat. C．Having instructions. D．Communicating with musicians. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“‘But a good conductor needs to listen to the orchestra，so that he or she can correct and encourage the orchestra as it plays.”及第六段中的“Mr Choi communicated with the musicians while EveR 6 kept the beat.Mr Choi said that once EveR 6 started，the musicians had ‘no choice but to follow its beats’．”可知，与EveR 6相比，人类指挥的优势是会和音乐家交流，故选D。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．A robot conducting an orchestra. B．An orchestra having performed in South Korea. C．Modern music combined with technology. D．Two conductors getting worldwide recognition. 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Last Friday，a robot called EveR 6 led an orchestra(管弦乐队) in a performance of Korean music at the National Theater of Korea.”并结合下文可知，本文主要介绍了一个指挥管弦乐队的机器人。故选A。 Ⅱ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) For the past twenty years，Chen Huili，a cultural heritage monitor and guide，has devoted herself to 1. (protect) the carvings of the Yuanjue Cave，part of the Dazu Rock Carvings in Chongqing,2. were added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1999. While showing visitors around，Chen became painfully aware of the serious damage to the cave 3. (cause) by the passage of time.The flat-roofed cave lacked something to support its weight.As a result，the ceiling(顶部) was coming off in pieces，posing a great threat to the priceless carvings.With related knowledge and great eagerness 4. (save) the sculptures，Chen joined the protection center. 5． time went by，Chen’s experience grew and eventually she developed her unique approach to protecting cultural heritage.She 6. (involve) in a number of major projects so far，including the eight-year restoration of the Thousand-Armed Avalokitesvara(千手观音)．And with her team’s hard efforts,7. (effect) measures such as hydraulic iron frames(液压铁架) have now 8. (successful) been introduced to support the roof of the Yuanjue Cave. 9． her remarkable achievements，Chen remains unsatisfied.In her opinion，it’s highly necessary to improve the role of technology in cultural heritage protection and to train young talent for this field.For Chen，Yuanjue Cave will remain a focus and she believes there will be many fruitful 10. (discovery) further down the line. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了陈卉丽致力于保护和修复重庆大足石刻圆觉洞的文物。 1．答案　protecting 解析　考查非谓语动词。devote oneself to...意为“致力于……”，其中to为介词，其后跟动名词。故填protecting。 2．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词the Dazu Rock Carvings，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which引导。故填which。 3．答案　caused 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语damage和cause之间是被动关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填caused。 4．答案　to save 解析　考查非谓语动词。eagerness to do sth意为“做某事的强烈愿望”。故填to save。 5．答案　As 解析　考查状语从句。空处引导时间状语从句，根据句中的“time went by”可知，这里表示随着时间流逝，应用as(随着)引导。位于句首，首字母大写。故填As。 6．答案　has been involved 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语so far可知，这里应用现在完成时。主语She和involve之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语应用单数形式。be involved in意为“参与”。故填has been involved。 7．答案　effective 解析　考查形容词。空处应用形容词作定语修饰measures。effective意为“有效的”。故填effective。 8．答案　successfully 解析　考查副词。空处应用副词作状语修饰谓语动词。successfully意为“成功地”。故填successfully。 9．答案　Despite 解析　考查介词。根据空后的名词短语可知，这里应用介词。“her remarkable achievements”和“Chen remains unsatisfied”之间是让步关系，虽然陈取得了了不起的成就，但她仍不满意，所以应用介词despite(尽管)。位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。 10．答案　discoveries 解析　考查名词的数。discovery意为“发现”，为可数名词，且其前有many修饰，所以这里应用复数形式。故填discoveries。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $