Unit 1 Section Ⅴ Extended reading（Word教参）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

本讲义以中国美食（四川火锅、南京盐水鸭、广东早茶）为主题展开拓展阅读，通过速读整体理解、细读获取细节、读后语法填空三步骤，结合句型结构分析与写作训练，构建“输入-内化-输出”的语言学习支架。 资料特色在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过分步骤阅读策略训练提升学生语言理解与表达能力，借助中国饮食文化主题渗透家国情怀。课中分层指导助力教师高效教学，课后语法填空、写作练习帮助学生巩固语言知识，弥补学习盲点。

Section Ⅴ　Extended reading Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What is the main idea of the passage? A．A food critic’s three experiences of tasting his favourite foods. B．A food critic’s three experiences of tasting foods in his hometown. C．A food critic’s three experiences of tasting Chinese foods. D．A food critic’s three experiences of tasting foreign foods. 答案　C Ⅱ.悉篇章结构 Step 2　细读——深度获取细节 1．What food ingredient is NOT included in Sichuan hot pot? A．Sichuan peppers. B．Spring onions. C．Chillies. D．Fish and chips. 答案　D 2．When may Sichuan hot pot date back to? A．The late Qing Dynasty. B．The early Qing Dynasty. C．The late Ming Dynasty. D．The early Ming Dynasty. 答案　A 3．What can we know about Nanjing salted duck? A．It is Nanjing’s famous food import. B．The meat is a bit sour but juicy. C．It takes a few days to make. D．Its process includes salting，boiling and frying. 答案　C 4．Why is Nanjing salted duck so famous? A．The countryside around Nanjing has waterways. B．The duck is regarded to have cooling properties. C．Every year，tens of thousands of ducks are consumed. D．The duck has its unique flavour and taste. 答案　D 5．Why do people in Guangdong go to the restaurant to have morning tea? A．To have the breakfast. B．To enjoy a long list of dim sum. C．To taste the typical beef balls. D．To have conversations on business，family or pleasure. 答案　D Step 3　读后——课文语法填空 Sichuan hot pot is famous in China，which is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon.When we are having it，its surface is often covered 1.with a beautiful layer of chillies，etc.The hot flavour can quicken our laughter and conversation,2.making(make) the meal the perfect way to relax with friends.Sichuan hot pots are suitable for the damp,3.foggy(fog) climate.They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty.Over time，it 4.has expanded(expand) to include multiple options. Salted duck is Nanjing’s most famous food export.5.Served(serve) plain in thin，white slices，the meat is juicy and salty.Each Nanjing salted duck takes several days to prepare，and the process includes salting，drying，boiling and cooling.The countryside around Nanjing has been famous for 6.its(it) ducks for centuries.7.Traditionally(tradition)，duck is considered to have cooling 8.properties(property) and is appropriate for the hot summer months. Cantonese dim sum is 9.an essential part of the people’s daily life in Guangdong.Teahouses have been common since the Tang Dynasty，but the Cantonese innovation happened in the mid-19th century.The Cantonese go to the restaurants to have conversation about business，family or pleasure,10.where locals can spend hours together chatting，drinking tea and working their way through the menu. Ⅰ.补句子　析结构 1．Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp，foggy(fog) climate in which they were invented.(P11 Para.2) 结构分析：此句话为复合句。其中in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the damp，foggy climate。 汉语翻译：四川火锅非常适合其发源地潮湿多雾的气候。 2．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is that they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends since a meal can last for hours.(P11 Para.2) 结构分析：此句话为复合句。其中What引导主语从句；that引导表语从句；since引导原因状语从句。 汉语翻译：我最喜欢四川火锅的一点在于，它为朋友间的交往提供了很棒的机会，因为一顿饭能吃上好几个小时。 3．Nowadays，people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated(estimate) that tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing! (P12 Para.4) 结构分析：此句话为并列复合句。其中and连接并列句，第二个分句中it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。 汉语翻译：如今，人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭，据估计南京人每天要吃掉数万只鸭子！ 4．It definitely(definite) hit the spot when I tried it，and it has become one of my personal favourites(favourite)．(P12 Para.4) 结构分析：此句话为并列复合句，前后两句话为并列关系，第一个分句中when引导时间状语从句。 汉语翻译：我一尝，它正对我胃口，盐水鸭已经成了我最钟爱的美食之一。 5．In Guangzhou，morning tea is such an essential part of the daily routine that “Have you had your tea？” has become the local version of “Good morning.”(P12 Para.5) 结构分析：此句话为复合句。其中含有such ...that ...句型，that引导结果状语从句。 汉语翻译：在广州，早茶在日常生活中的地位是如此重要，以至于“饮茶未？”(粤语，意为“你吃早茶了吗？”)成了当地人问候早安的方式。 6．Though teahouses have been common in China since the Tang Dynasty，the Cantonese innovation of the mid-19th century was to serve tea together with a variety(vary) of light dishes，or dim sum.(P12 Para.5) 结构分析：此句话为复合句。其中Though引导让步状语从句； to serve tea together with...为动词不定式短语作表语。 汉语翻译：虽说茶馆在中国从唐代开始就司空见惯了，但19世纪中叶广东人的创新在于将茶佐以各种小菜或点心。 7．The Cantonese do not hurry over their breakfasts，as I found when I visited(visit) a restaurant in Guangzhou’s old city centre this morning.(P12 Para.6) 结构分析：此句话为复合句。as引导非限制性定语从句；when引导时间状语从句。 汉语翻译：广东人用早餐并不匆忙，正如今天早晨我在广州老城区中心的一家餐馆所见的那样。 Ⅱ.研典句　学用法 Sb＋be＋believed＋to have done... They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters.(P11 Para.2) 人们认为，火锅始自清末，当时是长江上的船工在湿冷的冬季取暖的一种办法。 结构分析：本句是简单句，句中含有Sb/Sth＋be＋believed＋to do/have done...“……被认为……”这一句型；to keep warm 为动词不定式作a way的定语。 ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————句式Sb/Sth＋be＋believed＋to do/have done...可转换为It＋be＋believed that...或People believe that...，类似的结构还有： It is＋ ————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————注意：(1)“be＋过去分词＋不定式一般式”表示不定式所表示的动作尚未发生或即将要发生。 He is said to move to the South this winter. 有时不表示将来，而表示一般情况(尤其是当不定式表示状态而非动作时)。 (2)“be＋过去分词＋不定式完成式”表示不定式所表示的动作已经完成。 [写作佳句] (1)(2020·浙江7月，应用文写作)据报道，我们学校举办了英语节，我们班演唱了一首您教给我们的歌曲。 An English festival was reported to have been held in our school，and our class performed a song which you taught us. (2)(2023·全国甲，书面表达)孔子被认为是中国历史上最重要的历史人物之一。 ①Confucius is believed to be one of the most important historical figures in Chinese history. ②It is believed that Confucius is one of the most important historical figures in Chinese history.(it作形式主语) 课文重点词块默写 1．加热；变热；加剧；变得激烈；激化heat up 2．释放；放任let sth loose 3．和……一起together with 4．被……覆盖be covered with 5．起初，起先at first 6．进行(或开展)起来start off 7．吸引，引起兴趣appeal to 8．提供了一个做……很好的机会 offer a great opportunity to do sth 9．因……而著名be famous for 10．尤其，特别 in particular 11．使人满意，正合需要hit the spot 12．日常事务daily routine 训练8　Extended reading(A)　[分值：40分] Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(共15分) 1．因为我知道你对中国菜很喜欢，所以我写信邀请你参加这场即将在我的学校举办的活动。(since引导原因状语从句) Since I know that you are keen on Chinese cuisines，I’m writing to invite you to participate in the activity to be held in my school. 2．这次活动将包含各种讲座和展览，将使你能通过传统美食了解中国文化。(现在分词作结果状语) The activity will involve a variety of lectures and exhibitions，enabling you to know about Chinese culture through traditional cuisines. 3．将最让你兴奋的是，一些著名的厨师将会教你做饭的方法。(what引导主语从句，the way to do) What will excite you most is that some famous chefs will teach you the ways to cook dishes. 4．它为你提供了一个更好地了解中国菜的好机会，你不应该错过它。(such...that...) It offers you such a great chance to have a better understanding of Chinese cuisines that you shouldn’t miss it. 组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。 Since I know that you are keen on Chinese cuisines，I’m writing to invite you to participate in the activity to be held in my school.The activity will involve a variety of lectures and exhibitions，enabling you to know about Chinese culture through traditional cuisines.What’s more，what will excite you most is that some famous chefs will teach you the ways to cook dishes.It offers you such a great chance to have a better understanding of Chinese cuisines that you shouldn’t miss it. Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，共10分) No doubt one of China’s greatest resources is its diverse cuisine.One of the most popular foods to be found is no doubt the street snacks that make up a large part of everyday life.“Compared with A Bite of China，which showcases chefs’ cooking processes and demonstrates delicious cuisine on air，Chinese Barbecue(烧烤) is more down-to-earth in describing the people，” commented a viewer. The new documentary series，called Chinese Barbecue，tells the story of this popular food option that sizzles(咝咝作响) over hot coals on just about every street corner in cities and towns across the country.Barbecued meat shining over hot coal containers，while not as elegant as some of the fine dining options in China，is an essential part of people’s night life.The pleasant smell and atmosphere surrounding the grilled(烤的) street food is “something that could entice a girl to fly downstairs at night wearing her pajamas(睡衣)”，the documentary claims. In many Chinese eyes，barbecue，regarded as the most ordinary and common night street snack，is different from homemade food by mothers as that is a symbol of kinship(亲切感)．Barbecue is where you become connected to people in society.And unlike official business lunches，during which people are rather reserved and polite，barbecue lets people cut loose and relax with old friends and newly made friends，leaving a lasting impression of friendship. On the other side of the world，in the United States，BBQ，well received by all ages，demonstrates the even more enthusiastic(热心的) personality of Americans，who grill large steaks on their outdoor stoves(炉子) at home and enjoy competing to see who has the better cooking skills.It’s safe to say that the world，as a whole，holds deep-rooted good feelings toward barbecue，either for the taste or the warmth generated by fire. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了烧烤在中国和美国都十分受欢迎。 1．What is probably A Bite of China? A．A commercial programme. B．A popular documentary. C．A soap opera of chefs. D．A cuisine radio programme. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Compared with A Bite of China，which showcases chefs’ cooking processes and demonstrates delicious cuisine on air，Chinese Barbecue(烧烤) is more down-to-earth in describing the people”和第二段中“The new documentary series，called Chinese Barbecue”可知，《舌尖上的中国》是一部纪录片。故选B。 2．What may the underlined word “entice” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Inform. B．Force. C．Attract. D．Remind. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词前“The pleasant smell and atmosphere surrounding the grilled(烤的) street food”和后文“a girl to fly downstairs at night wearing her pajamas(睡衣)”可知，此处指“街头烧烤食品的宜人气味和氛围‘能吸引女孩在晚上穿着睡衣飞到楼下’”，entice意为“吸引”。故选C。 3．What makes barbecue distinguish from other food in Chinese’s view? A．Quality food. B．Close bonds between friends. C．Beautiful cooking style. D．Polite atmosphere. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“In many Chinese eyes，barbecue...is different from homemade food...Barbecue is where you become connected to people in society...barbecue lets people cut loose and relax with old friends and newly made friends，leaving a lasting impression of friendship.”可知，在中国人的眼中，烧烤有别于其他食物的原因在于吃烧烤时人们与朋友间的紧密联系。故选B。 4．Why does the author mention BBQ in the United States? A．To indicate the popularity of BBQ. B．To present special American culture. C．To show friendship between countries. D．To make a comparison with Chinese BBQ. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“On the other side of the world，in the United States，BBQ，well received by all ages，demonstrates the even more enthusiastic(热心的) personality of Americans...”可推知，文章最后一段提到美国BBQ，是为了表明烧烤在美国很受欢迎。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分) One summer day，Bella，our pet dog was in the bushes in our backyard making all sorts of noises.Our 11-year-old daughter，Kaitlin，discovered her sniffing and pawing at a 1 ，where several caterpillars(毛毛虫) chewed away. My husband and I quite worried that our backyard — 2 hangout of birds，squirrels，and neighborhood cats—wasn’t the safest environment for 3 caterpillars.So we got a butterfly house where the caterpillars could 4 transform. Each day，when we took the butterfly house to the backyard，Bella 5 with it.Each night，when we brought it back inside，Bella 6 ，and then slept under the table on which it rested.We don’t know why Bella was so 7 ，but she was there for every step of the budding butterflies’ 8 . Finally，the caterpillars turned into beautiful queen butterflies. 9 ，Bella didn’t seem worried when Kaitlin 10 them.In fact，Bella seemed to understand that this was part of the 11 .It wasn’t until one last butterfly wouldn’t fly away that Bella expressed 12 .She gently rested her head near the 13 flier，which crawled onto her nose.Bella lifted her head，pointed her nose，and 14 one of those breathy dog sighs.Away the queen butterfly flew，moving its wings lightly up and down，seemingly needing a little 15 from a friend to begin her migration. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在后院发现了几只毛毛虫，为了让毛毛虫安全蜕变，作者打造了一个蝴蝶屋，宠物狗Bella寸步不离蝴蝶屋，见证了它们蜕变的每一步，最后依依不舍地送蝴蝶离开。 1．A.cave B．branch C．bone D．dustbin 答案　B 解析　cave洞穴；branch树枝；bone骨头；dustbin垃圾箱。根据上文“in the bushes”及空后的“where several caterpillars(毛毛虫) chewed away”可知，此处指Bella刨着一根树枝。故选B。 2．A.messy B．rare C．frequent D．noisy 答案　C 解析　messy凌乱的，脏乱的；rare罕见的；frequent经常的，频繁的；noisy喧闹的。结合下文“wasn’t the safest environment for caterpillars”可知，鸟类、松鼠和邻居家的猫经常在后院出没，故选C。 3．A.delicate B．tiny C．gentle D．delicious 答案　A 解析　delicate脆弱的；tiny极小的，微小的；gentle温柔的，轻柔的。根据“wasn’t the safest environment”可知，经常有鸟类和小动物在后院出没，相比之下，毛毛虫要弱小很多，所以后院对于脆弱的毛毛虫来说不安全，故选A。 4．A.gradually B．comfortably C．safely D．easily 答案　C 解析　gradually逐渐；comfortably舒适地。上句中“wasn’t the safest environment”提到后院对于毛毛虫来说不安全，结合本句中“So we got a butterfly house”可知，建一个蝴蝶屋是为了让毛毛虫安全地蜕变。故选C。 5．A.fought B．dealt C．agreed D．moved 答案　D 解析　fight with与……作斗争；deal with应对，对付。空后的it指代上文的“the butterfly house”，根据空前“when we took the butterfly house to the backyard”可知，此处指“我们把蝴蝶屋搬到后院时，Bella也跟着蝴蝶屋一起挪动”，故选D。 6．A.followed B．left C．hesitated D．ignored 答案　A 解析　hesitate犹豫；ignore忽视。根据“and then slept under the table on which it rested”可知，此处指把蝴蝶屋搬进屋时，Bella也跟着进去。故选A。 7．A.curious B．annoyed C．scared D．attached 答案　D 解析　curious好奇的；annoyed恼怒的；scared害怕的；attached非常喜欢……的，依恋的。根据上文描述可知，Bella一直跟随蝴蝶屋而移动，所以此处指不知道Bella为何如此依恋蝴蝶屋，故选D。 8．A.journey B．transformation C．tragedy D．flight 答案　B 解析　journey旅程；transformation转变，变化；tragedy悲剧；flight航班。根据上文“So we got a butterfly house where the caterpillars could transform.”可知，建造蝴蝶屋是为了让毛毛虫安全蜕变，Bella一直紧跟蝴蝶屋，所以见证了蝴蝶蜕变的每一步。故选B。 9．A.Fortunately B．Delightfully C．Surprisingly D．Thankfully 答案　C 解析　fortunately幸运地；delightfully愉快地；surprisingly令人惊讶地；thankfully感激地。上文提到Bella非常依恋蝴蝶屋，但是当蝴蝶被放生时Bella并不担心，这让人感到惊讶。故选C。 10．A.released B．cupped C．hurt D．approached 答案　A 解析　release释放，放走；cup(用手)做成杯状；hurt伤害；approach接近。根据下文“Away the queen butterfly flew”可知，此处指把蝴蝶放走。故选A。 11．A.experiment B．adventure C．cycle D．trick 答案　C 解析　experiment实验；adventure冒险；cycle循环；trick技巧。结合语境可知，Bella见证了从毛毛虫到蝴蝶的蜕变，而在蝴蝶被放生时Bella并不担心，它似乎明白这是生命循环的一部分。故选C。 12．A.love B．concern C．doubt D．gratitude 答案　B 解析　concern担心；doubt怀疑；gratitude感谢。上文提到Bella似乎并不担心，结合下文“She gently rested her head near the flier”可知，此处指直到最后一只蝴蝶不愿飞走，Bella才表现出担心。故选B。 13．A.stubborn B．abnormal C．brave D．unwilling 答案　D 解析　stubborn固执的；abnormal异常的；unwilling不情愿的。根据上文“one last butterfly wouldn’t fly away”及空后“which crawled onto her nose”可知，蝴蝶不愿离去。故选D。 14．A.let out B．made out C．checked out D．faded out 答案　A 解析　let out 发出；make out看清，听清；check out检查，结账离开；fade out渐弱，逐渐消失。上文说直到最后一只蝴蝶没有飞走，Bella才表现出担心，因此Bella应是发出叹息，故选A。 15．A.benefit B．hug C．understanding D．push 答案　D 解析　benefit好处；hug拥抱；push鼓励。根据上文“Bella lifted her head，pointed her nose”可知，Bella抬起头，努努鼻子，蝴蝶才飞走，它似乎是需要朋友的一点鼓励以开始迁徙之旅。故选D。 训练9　Extended reading(B)　[分值：32.5分] Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分) A Indoor food growing operations are seeing both successes and failures in the United States.Some companies in the food industry are investing(投资) even as competitors fail. California-based Plenty Unlimited this summer began working on $300 million indoor plants，while Kroger announced that it would be increasing its availability of vertically(垂直地) farmed produce.Meanwhile，two indoor farming companies that got strong backing—New Jersey’s AeroFarms and Kentucky’s AppHarvest—filed for financial failure and reorganization.And a five-year-old company in Detroit，Planted Detroit，shut its doors this summer. The industry changes do not worry Jacob Portillo，a grower with Eden Green Technology，an indoor farming company.“The fact that other people are failing and other people are succeeding is going to happen in any industry you go to，” he said. Indoor farming refers to growing crops indoors，which experts sometimes call “controlled environment agriculture”．There are different methods.One method called vertical farming involves putting produce from floor to ceiling，often under artificial lights and with the plants growing in nutrient-enriched water.Other growers are trying very large greenhouses，indoor beds of soil in big buildings and using special robots for parts of the farming process. Supporters say growing indoors uses less water and land and permits food to be grown closer to consumers，saving on transport.Indoor growing is also a way to protect crops from increasingly extreme weather caused by climate change. But critics question the sustainability(可持续性) of operations that can require a lot of energy for artificial lights.And they say paying for that light can make profitability impossible.Curt Covington of AgAmerica Lending，a private investment company centered on agriculture，is not convinced that indoor farming operations can work—except in special cases.Given the high costs of indoor operations，Covington said，“It’s just hard to be very profitable.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了室内种植食物的现状和人们对室内种植食物的看法以及室内种植食物不确定的前景。 1．What is Jacob Portillo’s attitude to the indoor food growing industry? A．Positive. B．Worried. C．Unclear. D．Doubtful. 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。根据第三段“The industry changes do not worry Jacob Portillo...‘The fact that other people are failing and other people are succeeding is going to happen in any industry you go to，’ he said.”可推断，Jacob Portillo对室内食物种植业持积极乐观的态度。故选A。 2．What can we learn about indoor farming? A．It takes a lot of manpower to take care of plants. B．It means growing plants in water instead of soil. C．It protects crops from increasingly extreme weather. D．It is different from controlled environment agriculture. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段末句“Indoor growing is also a way to protect crops from increasingly extreme weather caused by climate change.”可知，室内农业保护作物免受日益极端的天气影响。故选C。 3．Why did Curt Covington question indoor farming operations? A．They produce little food. B．They carry great costs. C．They need sunlight. D．They lack investors. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Given the high costs of indoor operations，Covington said，‘It’s just hard to be very profitable.’”可知，Covington质疑室内农业的运营是因为其成本太高。故选B。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．What Types of Food Can Be Grown Indoors? B．How Can You Grow Food Indoors Without Soil? C．Indoor Farming Companies Take Agriculture Indoors D．Indoor Food Growing Operations Face an Uncertain Future 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段首句“Indoor food growing operations are seeing both successes and failures in the United States.”以及最后一段首句“But critics question the sustainability...artificial lights.”并结合文章可知，本文主要说明了室内种植食物的现状、人们对室内种植的看法以及室内种植食物不确定的前景。故选D。 B One of the winners of this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal.When describing his career，Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world”． Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.But a study from professors at Michigan State University shows that is not always the case. Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as “polymaths”，or “Renaissance”． The writers looked at past Nobel Prize winners and their students.They decided that when students of winners go on to win Nobel Prizes，some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.They are，in a way，learning how to be creative. Having many interests，the Root-Bernsteins wrote，permits scientists to look for creative ways to solve problems.In fact，one important part of science is not discovering answers，but recognizing problems that need to be solved. The prize winners，the Root-Bernsteins said，transfer skills，techniques and materials from one field to another. They said Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by using techniques he learned from the clothing business.He realized that people who used thread to make and fix clothing had a skill that could be used in operations to put new organs into people’s bodies. The Michigan State professors study creativity.They found Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood，metal or in the arts than most scientists.The Michigan State researchers say that unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up some of their outside interests，Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Michele Root-Bernstein和Robert Root­Bernstein研究发现，一大批诺贝尔奖获得者可以被称为“博学家”，或者“全才”。 5．What comes as a surprise to students according to the passage? A．Meldal’s winning Nobel Prize. B．Meldal’s original working field. C．Meldal’s desire to understand the world. D．Meldal’s study with Michigan State University. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“When describing his career，Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he ‘wanted to understand the world’．”和第二段中“Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.”可知，令学生们感到惊讶的是Meldal最初的工作领域。故选B。 6．What kind of people can be sorted as “polymaths” or “Renaissance”？ A．People who only concentrate on just one field. B．People who are committed lifelong to their career. C．People who are equipped with various interests. D．People who are admired for established achievements. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段末“They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as ‘polymaths’，or ‘Renaissance’．”和第四段中“They decided that when students of winners go on to win Nobel Prizes，some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.”可推知，被归类为“博学家”或“全才”的人是有各种各样兴趣爱好的人。故选C。 7．What’s the author’s attitude towards the Root-Bernsteins’ discovery? A．Tolerant. B．Cautious. C．Negative. D．Objective. 答案　D 解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第三段中“Having many interests，the Root-Bernsteins wrote，permits scientists to look for creative ways to solve problems.”和倒数第二段的“The prize winners，the Root-Bernsteins said，transfer skills，techniques and materials from one field to another.”可知，本文作者只是转述Root-Bernstein夫妇的发现，因此作者对于Root-Bernstein夫妇的发现持客观态度，故选D。 8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．A Secret to Winning Top Prize B．A Creative Scientist C．A Born Nobel Prize Winner D．An Amazing Rise to Fame 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as ‘polymaths’，or ‘Renaissance’．”可知，本文主要讲的是研究发现，一大批诺贝尔奖获得者是博学多才的，这可以说是获得诺贝尔奖的秘诀，故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Eating healthily can help you lose weight and have more energy.It can also improve your mood(心情) and reduce your risk of disease.Yet despite these benefits，maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle can be challenging.Here are ways to stick to a healthy diet. Practice mindful eating. 1 Take time to enjoy your food and appreciate its ability to nourish(滋养) you.Adopting a mindful eating approach can help you achieve a better relationship with foods and may reduce binge eating. Start the day with a high-protein breakfast. Eating a high-protein breakfast helps you stay full. 2 If your first meal is well balanced and contains enough protein，you’re more likely to maintain stable blood sugar levels and not overeat for the rest of the day. Get your nutrition from a variety of completely unprocessed foods. These include fruit and vegetables. 3 In other words，when buying foods at the market，focus on things that have not been cooked，prepared or changed in any way. 　4　 It’s difficult to eat healthily if you’re surrounded by junk foods.Having foods on display in various areas of the house has been linked to obesity(肥胖) and increased consumption of unhealthy foods.Keeping unhealthy foods out of the house，or at least out of sight，can increase your chances of staying on track. Drink enough water. Many studies have shown that drinking enough water may benefit weight maintenance and even slightly increase the number of calories you burn daily. 5 A．Eat your greens first. B．Keep unhealthy foods out of the house. C．It can also prevent overeating later in the day. D．Eating mindfully can help you maintain a healthy lifestyle. E．This may lead you to eat fewer and healthier calories overall. F．They also include meat，fish and eggs that haven’t been processed. G．Studies also show that drinking water before meals can reduce appetite and calorie intake. 语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了有助于保持健康的五种饮食习惯。 1．答案　D 解析　根据该段小标题“Practice mindful eating.”以及该空后的“Adopting a mindful eating approach can help you...”可知，本段主要建议练习正念饮食。D项介绍了正念饮食的好处，符合语境。故选D。 2．答案　C 解析　根据上文“Eating a high-protein breakfast helps you stay full.”以及后文“If your first meal is well balanced and...not overeat for the rest of the day.”可知，本句主要是在说明高蛋白早餐的好处，C项中的“It”指代上文中的“Eating a high-protein breakfast”，C项中的“prevent overeating later in the day”呼应下文中的“not overeat for the rest of the day”。故选C。 3．答案　F 解析　根据小标题“Get your nutrition from a variety of completely unprocessed foods.”以及上文“These include fruit and vegetables.”可知，本句与上文并列，都是在列举完全未经加工的食物有哪些，F项中的“also include”是对上文的补充，故选F。 4．答案　B 解析　设空处是该段的小标题。根据本段内容可知，本段主要说明要远离垃圾食品和不健康的食物，故B项能概括本段的主旨，且B项与该段中的“Keeping unhealthy foods out of the house”构成复现关系。故选B。 5．答案　G 解析　由该段小标题“Drink enough water.”以及上文“Many studies have shown that drinking enough water may benefit weight maintenance and...”可知，本段主要说明多喝水的益处，G项对上文进行补充说明，且G项中的“drinking water”呼应小标题。故选G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $