Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage（课件PPT）-【步步高】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册学习笔记（译林版）

Section Ⅲ The universal language UNIT 2 Grammar and usage—Verb-ing forms as subjects and objects 阅读以下短文，感知加颜色部分，并分析其所作成分 The angry mother shouted to the boy in a loud voice，“What’s up? You were absent from class again! ” Lowering his head，Bob responded at once，“①Sorry，mom，but I can’t resist going to the music concert held in the city hall.”Hearing this，the mother flushed with anger and screamed，“②As a student，studying is your first task.” ③Bob nodded his head and begged for his mother’s forgiveness for his being absent from class.“④It is no good doing something meaningless.Only if you put your heart into study will you have a bright future，” the mother warned. 语境感悟 1.句①中going to the music concert为动词-ing形式作 语。 2.句②中studying为动词-ing形式作 语。 3.句③中his being absent from class为动词-ing形式作 语。 4.句④中It作 ，doing something meaningless为动词-ing形式作 。 宾 主 宾 形式主语 真正的主语 语法总览 语法精讲 一、动词-ing形式作主语 1.动词-ing形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。 Working under these conditions is not a delightful but an unbearable thing. 在这种条件下工作不是一件愉快的事，而是一件难以忍受的事。 Having a walk every day helps to make one keep healthy. 每天散步有助于人们保持健康。 Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property. 浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。 注意：(1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。 Singing is my hobby，and to sing at my friend’s birthday party is my dream. 唱歌是我的爱好，在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。 (2)动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old. 对于老人来说爬山确实困难。 2.形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语。 此类句式常见的有： It’s a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间。 It’s useless/worthwhile doing sth. 做某事没用/是值得的。 It’s no good/use/fun doing sth. 做某事没好处/没用/没意思。 It is no good waiting for other people to make decisions for you. 等待别人为你做决定是没好处的。 It is a waste of time persuading such a stubborn person to join us. 劝说如此固执的一个人加入我们是浪费时间。 Just as the saying goes，it is no use crying over spilt milk. 正如俗话所说：覆水难收。 It is worthwhile reading such a wonderful novel a second time. 这么好的小说很值得再读一遍。 二、动词-ing形式作宾语 1.作动词的宾语 常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆： 避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone) 建议完成多练习(advise/suggest，finish，practise) 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy/like，imagine，can’t help) 承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind) Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗子吗？ I don’t like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio. 我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。 He tried to avoid answering my questions. 他试图对我的问题避而不答。 She can’t stand being looked down upon in public. 她忍受不了当众被人看不起。 2.作介词的宾语 常见的接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有dream of/about，insist on，object to，be good at，be fond of，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，be devoted to，get/be used to，pay attention to，care about，be concerned about，be interested in，think of，aim at，set about，get down to，stick to等。 He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他坚持要按照自己的方法做。 I dream of sailing around the world and leading a happy life. 我梦想着环游世界，过上幸福的生活。 Because of the bad weather，they have to give up going hiking tomorrow. 因为天气不好，他们不得不放弃明天去远足。 She has been looking forward to having a chance to pay a visit to Zhangjiajie. 她一直盼望有机会去张家界看看。 3.在以下结构中，动词-ing形式作介词的宾语，介词常省略： spend...(in) doing sth 花费……做某事 have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 做……有困难/麻烦 prohibit/stop/prevent...(from) doing sth 阻止……做某事 waste time (in) doing sth 浪费时间做某事 be busy (in) doing sth 忙于做某事 have a good/hard time (in) doing sth 高兴做某事/费了很大劲做某事 There is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事毫无意义。 He is always busy working every day，which has made him have little time to play with his child. 他每天总是忙于工作，这使他很少有时间和孩子一起玩。 Now that we have finished our work，there is no point staying any longer. 既然我们已经完成了工作，再待下去就没有意义了。 4.有些动词如start，begin，continue等后面既可接动词-ing形式也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作，就像什么也没发生过。 5.有些动词(短语)后跟不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同，常见的有： 动词(短语) 宾语的形式 意义 forget to do 忘记去做…… doing 忘记做过…… remember to do 记着要去做…… doing 记得做过…… regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做…… doing 后悔做了…… 动词(短语) 宾语的形式 意义 try to do 尽力做…… doing 尝试做…… mean to do 打算做…… doing 意味着…… go on to do 接着做(另外一件事) doing 接着做(同一件事) stop to do 停下来去做…… doing 停止做…… Please remember to give my best regards to your family. 请记着代我向你的家人问好。 I still remember visiting the museum for the first time. 我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。 三、动词-ing形式的否定形式 动词-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时not应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing形式之间。 You have no excuse for not going. 你没有理由不去。 He was punished for not having finished his homework. 他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。 四、动词-ing形式的复合结构 动词-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词-ing，即“sb/sb’s＋doing”构成。动词-ing形式的复合结构实际上是给动词-ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。 1.动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语 ①肯定形式：形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格＋doing... ②否定形式：形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格＋not doing... His/Tom’s coming to visit is a great encouragement to us. 他的/汤姆的来访对我们来说是极大的鼓励。 Jerry’s not arriving on time made the people present angry. 杰瑞未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。 2.动词-ing形式的复合结构作宾语 ①肯定形式： 名词/名词的所有格 代词宾格/形容词性物主代词 ＋动词-ing形式 Would you mind my/me closing the window? 你介意我关上窗户吗？ Would you mind Mary’s/Mary closing the window？ 你介意玛丽关上窗户吗？ ②否定形式：形容词性物主代词/代词宾格/名词/名词的所有格＋not doing... 五、动词-ing的被动形式作主语和宾语 Being invited to the party was a great honour to the family. 被邀请参加晚会对这家人来说是莫大的荣幸。 Not being allowed to go out makes him very angry. 不被允许出去使他非常生气。 While shopping women sometimes can’t help being persuaded into buying more clothes than necessary. 在购物时，女性有时会禁不住被劝说购买更多不必要的衣服。 To avoid being seen by the teacher，Tony stole into the classroom by the back door.为了避免被老师看见，托尼从后门偷偷溜进了教室。 注意：下列动词可接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式： need/want/require/deserve doing＝need/want/require/deserve to be done The bike needs repairing/to be repaired. 这辆自行车需要修理。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Jack couldn’t resist (play) computer games in his spare time. 2.He didn’t mind (she) crying，which made their relationship fall apart. 3.As soon as they arrived at the farm，they got down to (pick) peaches. 4.It is no good (associate) with such a person，who is so selfish. 5.Many people have suggested (set) up more theme parks to protect rare animals. playing 达标检测 her picking associating setting 6.Memorizing more words and expressions (be) of vital importance to English learning. 7.What made her parents excited was her (admit) to her dream university. 8. (bring) up in a poor family made Tom very hard-working when he was very young. 9.It is well worth (cycle) along the route，which will reward you with breathtaking scenery. 10.For a lot of people， (become) a millionaire is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal. is being admitted Being brought cycling becoming Ⅱ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用本单元语法 随着晚会的进行，话题转到了即将到来的节日。毫无疑问谈论圣诞节使每个人异常激动。然而，置身新环境里使Kelly完全沉默了，一种失落感向她袭来。 As the party went on，the topic turned to the coming festival.1._______ made everyone extremely excited. However,2. made Kelly totally silent，a sense of loss creeping up on her. was no doubt that talking about Christmas There being in a new environment Jennifer意识到发生了什么，这驱使她问道：“Kelly，泰国人在这个时候庆祝什么？”其他孩子忍不住非常好奇地问她。“为感谢水之母而庆祝一个大型的节日是我们通常所做的。”Jennifer想出一个好主意，她的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 3. drove her to ask，“Kelly，what do Thai people celebrate at this time？” The other kids 4.________ with overwhelming curiosity.“5.__________________ is what we usually do.” A good idea occurred to Jennifer，with her eyes twinkling with excitement. Jennifer’s being aware of what happened couldn’t resist asking her Celebrating a grand festival to thank the Mother of Water “我们一起庆祝这个节日一定会玩得很开心。”朋友们的陪伴使得Kelly的乡愁消散了。 “We are bound to 6. .” 7. made Kelly’s homesickness melt away. have a good time (in) celebrating the festival together Being accompanied by friends 本课结束 $