专题04 完形填空议论文（知识清单）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题04 完形填空---议论文 ( 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读 01 】 完形填空 议论文 五年高考考情统计 【知能解读 02 】 完形填空 议论文 五年高考考情解读 【知能解读 03 】 完形填空 议论文 满分思维导图 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破 01 】 完形填空 依情感，识褒贬 【重难点突破 0 2 】 完形填空 划范畴，前后连 【重难点突破 0 3 】 完形填空 析意群，定答案 【重难点突破 0 4 】 完形填空 由熟词，知生义 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错 01 】 高考 完形填空 神仙单词 1 23 例 【易混易错 0 2 】 完形填空 高频名词 1 84 例 【易混易错 0 3 】 完形填空高频 形容词 1 5 3 例 【易混易错 0 4 】 完形填空高频 副词 38 例 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【方法技巧 0 1 】 完形填空 议论文 解题步骤 【方法技巧 0 2 】 完形填空 议论文 解题要领 ) 01完形填空议论文五年高考考情统计 卷别 体裁 词数 主题 2022浙江6月卷 议论文 267 信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分 02完形填空议论文五年高考考情解读 一、文体分析 议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观的解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。英语议论文不完全等同于汉语的议论文，它涉及的范围要小得多。英语议论文主要是就某一主题，在摆出正反两方面观点的基础上，通过论证、推理辩论等手段，试图让读者最终接受作者对这一主题的某种观点。尽管有时也不一定非常明确的交待正反观点，但力图通过推理让读者赞同自己的观点始终是英语议论文的主要目的。 二、文本结构 不管是在汉语中，还是在英语中，议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论（分析问题，即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成，其具体的结构模式又有以下三种： 模式一：引言段（提出观点）——正方论点心（支持作者的观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者的观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）。在这种模式中，文章主体段（中间部分）的每一个部分论述一个论点，这些论点以其重要性按序排列，最有力、最重要的论点在最后面，以示强调。 模式二：引言段（提出观点）——反面意见（反方观点+作者的反驳）、正方论点1（支持作者观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）。在这种模式中，文章立体段的一开始就提出对立方的反面意见及作者对这种意见的反驳，以后各部分仍分别陈述作者的不同论点。 模式三：引言段（提出观点）——反方观点1+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点2+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点3+进行反驳的正方论点——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）。在这种模式中，作者在文章主体段的每一部分都先提出一个反面观点，然后再进行反驳。 三、语言特点 1.较多使用表达委婉语气的词语和句子与英语说明文相比，英语议论文不仅需要说明自己的观点，而且还要让读者接受自己的观点，因此，在词语表达上除了客观之外，还必须注意委婉。在英语中，常用虚拟语气，让步状语从句和情态动词can，could，may，might，would，should等。 2.使用有辩论、推理等含义的连接词和过渡词等词语结构 英语议论文讲究辩论推理的条理性和逻辑性，因此，往往较多地使用这类性质的过渡词和连接词，常用的包括：since 既然，now that既然， therefore因而，consequently因此，accordingly因此，hence因而，in that case在那种情况下，because因为，so所以。 03完形填空议论文满分思维导图 01 依情感，识褒贬 在高考完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度或感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。 [跟踪训练1] (2023全国甲卷)   Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 54. look perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a 55 memory of those. 55 A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague [跟踪训练2] (2023新课标I卷) As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 deal. “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53. leave her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” 31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 02 划范畴，前后连 完形填空对词汇的考查与上下文的语境息息相关。明确上下句之间话题的范围有助于确定答案。 [跟踪训练] (2023浙江1月卷) The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to witness a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱) are placed in the treetops. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 . 43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless 03 析意群，定答案 一般说来，让步关联词分为介词类和连词类。介词类的让步关联词有despite，in spite of, regardless of等，连词类有though，although，as和while以及even if, even though等。 [跟踪训练] (2023全国甲卷) It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 58. on sale, and as close as possible to where they were 59. grown. What Mario had 60 us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 60. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told 04 由熟词，知生义 一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词生僻意义。 [跟踪训练] (2022新课标I卷) So 45. instead of tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46 —he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. 46．A. worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 01 高考完形填空神仙单词123例 ( 首字母 A-B “ 神仙 ” 单词 )英语词汇是英语高考的重中之重，我们把近八年高考真题英语完形填空中，考查的动词词汇给大家做了盘点。有的词汇更是多年多次考查的黄金词汇，这份动词风云榜，是你单词记忆的核心。 1. abandon 遗弃 (2021全国甲卷；2020浙江卷；2019天津卷；2016全国I卷) 2. accompany 陪伴；为……伴奏 (2018全国III卷) 3. acquire 获得 (2019全国I卷) 4. accidentally 偶然，意外(2023天津6月卷; 2021全国乙卷) 5. address 称呼；演说；写姓名地址 (2019北京卷) 6. admit 承认；准许进入 (2023天津6月卷；2022浙江6月卷；2020全国I卷) 7. adjust 调节，适应(2024全国甲卷；2022浙江6月卷；2021北京卷) 8. adopt 采用；收养 (2024全国甲卷；2019全国II卷) 9. advocate 提倡，主张 (2020江苏卷；2019全国I卷) 10. afford 承受得起；买得起(2023天津3月卷;2022浙江6月卷; 2022新课标I卷) 11. allocate 分配 (2020全国II卷) 12. ambition 抱负 (2024新课标II卷;2021新课标I卷) 13. analyze 分析 (2018全国I卷) 14. appeal 呼吁；有吸引力；上诉 (2024·新课标I卷;2018全国Ⅱ卷；2016江苏卷) 15. appoint 委派，任命 (2019天津卷) 16. assess 评估 (2024新课标II卷；2023浙江6月卷；2022浙江6月卷；2019北京卷) 17. assume 假定 (2022全国乙卷;2020全国III卷) 18. attach 附，系，贴 (2022浙江6月卷；2020全国II卷) 19. attempt 企图，尝试 (2021全国甲卷；2019北京卷) 20. average 平均 (2023全国乙卷; 2021浙江1月卷) 21. awkward 尴尬的(2024全国甲卷;2021新课标II卷) 22. bargain 讨价还价 (2020全国II卷) 23. bathe (以光线)洒满，覆盖；使沐浴(在光线里) (2022全国甲卷；2018全国II卷) 24. bear 忍受;承受 (2018全国III卷) 25. bite 咬；叮，蜇 (2016北京卷) 26. bother 打扰 (2021北京卷；2018全国III卷) 27. betray 背叛 (2017江苏卷) 28. budget 预算(2023新课标II卷; 2022新课标I卷; 2021天津卷) ( 首字母 C - E “ 神仙 ” 单词 ) 1. calculate 计算，估计 (2021浙江1月卷；2019天津卷；2016江苏卷) 2. cautious 谨慎的(2023全国甲卷;2021全国甲卷;2021浙江6月卷) 3. clarify 阐明，澄清 (2023全国乙卷；2018全国III卷) 4. confirm确认，证实 (2024新课标II卷;2023天津6月卷;2022浙江1月卷;2022全国乙卷;2018全国III卷) 5. crash 碰撞；撞击 (2022天津卷；2016全国I卷) 6. cancel 取消，撤销 (2020全国I卷) 7. claim 要求；宣称，断言 (2020天津卷；2018天津卷) 8. commit 犯(罪)；承诺 (2017江苏卷) 9. comprehend 理解(2022全国乙卷) 10. compromise 妥协；让步(2022浙江1月卷; 2021天津卷) 11. contradict 反驳；矛盾(2022全国乙卷) 12. controversial 有争议的(2022浙江1月卷) 13. convince 使信服；说服 (2024新课标I卷;2024全国甲卷;2020天津卷;2019北京卷；2018全国III卷) 14. courage 勇气(2023新课标I卷;2022北京卷; 2021浙江6月卷) 15. deliberately故意地(2021全国甲卷) 16. deliver 递送；发表 (2021新课标I卷；2021浙江6月卷；2019北京卷) 17. declare 宣告；申报；声明 (2016江苏卷) 18. deny 否认；拒绝承认 (2017江苏卷) 19. dismiss 解散(2022浙江1月卷) 20. disturb 扰乱；妨碍 (2017全国I卷) 21. donate 捐赠；捐献 (2022浙江1月卷；2021新课标I卷;2019北京卷) 22. drag 拖，拉 (2017江苏卷) 23. define 给……下定义 (2019天津卷；2016江苏卷) 24. deserve 值得 (2024新课标I卷；2022浙江6月卷；2019全国I卷) 25. distinguish 辨别，分清 (2020江苏卷) 26. distribute (有计划地)分发 (2019北京卷；2017浙江卷) 27. dive 跳水 (2023浙江1月卷；2018全国II卷) 28. encounter 遭遇；邂逅 (2024浙江1月卷；2019天津卷) 29. erupt 爆发 (2017浙江卷) 30. evaluate 评估 (2018全国I卷) 31. expand 扩大 (2018天津卷) 32. expose 揭露；暴露 (2023天津3月卷；2022全国乙卷；2020全国I卷；2020江苏卷) ( 首字母 F - R “ 神仙 ” 单词 ) 1. fade 逐渐消失；衰落 (2019全国Ⅲ卷) 2. forbid 禁止；阻止 (2019全国III卷；2019江苏卷) 3. frame 表达；制订；给……做框 (2020全国II卷) 4. imply 暗示 (2020天津卷) 5. instead 相反(2022新课标I卷;2023天津6月卷; 2022新课标I卷;2021天津卷;) 6. involve 包含，需要；牵涉 (2016江苏卷) 7. identify 认出，识别 (2019天津卷) 8. interpret 翻译；理解(2022全国乙卷) 9. mature 成熟(2024新课标I卷; 2021全国甲卷 10. migrate 迁移；迁徙 (2019江苏卷) 11. matter 要紧 (2023全国乙卷; 2022新课标I卷;2019全国Ⅲ卷) 12. measure 测量 (2023浙江1月卷;2022浙江6月卷;2019北京卷) 13. negotiate 谈判 ，协商(2024浙江1月卷;2021浙江1月卷) 14. pace 来回踱步 (2017江苏卷) 15. panic 恐慌(2022天津卷；021北京卷) 16. pave 铺；创造条件 (2019北京卷) 17. postpone 推迟 (2016全国Ⅱ卷) 18. permit 允许，准许 (2023天津6月卷;2021天津卷; 2021新课标I卷;2019全国Ⅰ卷) 19. predict预言,预报 (2023北京卷; 2023天津3月卷;2022全国甲卷; 2022全国乙卷;2020新课标Ⅰ卷; 2019全国Ⅱ卷) 20. prohibit 禁止；阻止 (2017全国Ⅰ卷) 21. pray 祈望 (2020全国Ⅲ卷) 22. purify 净化；精炼 (2020新课标Ⅰ卷) 23. quit 停止；离开；退出；离任 (2024新课标I卷；2018浙江卷) 24. qualify 符合，配得上 (2021天津卷;2016江苏卷) 25. reserve 预订 (2021新课标I卷；2017全国Ⅲ卷) 26. recite 背诵，朗诵 (2021全国乙卷;019北京卷) 27. recover 康复(2021新课标II卷; 2021全国甲卷; 2021全国乙卷) 28. reflect 反映；反射 (2024全国甲卷；2022天津卷；2020江苏卷) 29. register 登记；记录 (2020全国Ⅱ卷) 30. relief 欣慰；宽慰(2022新课标I卷；2022浙江6月卷；2021北京卷) 31. remove 去除；脱去 (2022天津卷；2021新课标I卷；2019江苏卷) 32. repeat 重复；复述 (2021全国乙卷；2019天津卷) 33. reserve 预订，保留 (2023天津6月卷；2021新课标I卷；2020全国Ⅱ卷) 34. reunite 再结合 (2020浙江卷) 35. review 校阅；评论；温习 (2020浙江学考) 36. roll 滚动；翻身 (2024北京卷;2016四川卷) 37. rush 迅速移动；匆忙行事；突袭 (2017江苏卷；2016全国Ⅰ卷) ( 首字母 S - Z “ 神仙 ” 单词 ) 1. sacrifice 牺牲 (2023天津6月卷;2017全国Ⅲ卷) 2. scared 感到害怕的 (2022全国乙卷;2021浙江1月卷) 3. seize 抓住；夺取 (2019江苏卷) 4. simplify 使简化，使简易 (2018全国Ⅲ卷) 5. ski 滑雪 (2019全国Ⅱ卷) 6. sink 下沉，下陷，沉没 (2018全国Ⅱ卷) 7. slightly 稍微 (2023天津3月卷; 2021天津卷; 2021全国乙卷) 8. strike 打；撞 (2017天津卷) 9. skip 跳过，略过 (2018全国Ⅰ卷) 10. spot 发现，看见 (2022北京卷;2020浙江卷；2019天津卷) 11. submit 顺从；提交 (2020全国Ⅱ卷) 12. substitute 替代(2022浙江1月卷) 13. swear 咒骂；发誓 (2020全国Ⅲ卷) 14. switch 改变；交换 (2021浙江6月卷；2020浙江卷) 15. sew 缝 (2018江苏卷) 16. split 分裂；分开 (2019江苏卷) 17. sponsor 赞助；举办 (2017全国Ⅰ卷) 18. tentative临时的；试验性的 2022全国乙卷) 19. tremble (因紧张、激动、惊慌等)颤抖，哆嗦 (2018江苏卷；2019全国Ⅱ卷) 20. urge 鞭策；催促 (2019北京卷；2018全国Ⅰ卷) 21. volunteer 自愿做 (2023新课标I卷；2019北京卷) 22. witness 目击；见证 (2023浙江1月卷; 2021新课标I卷;020全国Ⅱ卷) 23. wander 漫游；蜿蜒 (2017江苏卷) 24. weep 流泪，哭泣 (2022北京卷；2020浙江学考) 25. whisper 低语 (2024北京卷；2019天津卷) 26. zoom 快速移动，迅速前往 (2020浙江学考) 02 完形填空高频名词184例 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第20页，共41页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ability 能力 2. absence 缺席 3. accident 事故 4. accommodation 住所 5. adult 成年人 6. adventure 冒险 7. advertisement 广告 8. affair 事情 9. ambition 抱负，野心 10. apartment 公寓 11. apology 道歉 12. appearance 出现；外貌 13. application 申请，应用程序 14. appointment 约会，约定；预约；任命 15. approach 接近；方法 16. argument 争论 17. assistant 助手 18. assistance 帮助，援助 19. attitude 态度 20. atmosphere 气氛 21. astonishment 惊讶 22. attitude 态度 23. audience 观众 24. average 平均 25. board 甲板；食宿；董事会 26. bravery 勇敢 27. budget 预算 28. burden 负担 29. career 事业 30. cause 原因，事业 31. ceremony 典礼，仪式 32. certainty 肯定 33. challenge 挑战 34 characteristic 特征，特性 35. cheer sb on 为某人加油 36. classification 分类 37. colleague 同事 38. command 命令 39. comment 评论 40. company 公司；陪伴 41. competition 比赛，竞赛 42. concept 概念 43. confidence 自信 44. conflict 冲突 45. contract 合同 46. conclusion 结论 47. consequence 结果，后果 48. contribution 贡献 49. convenient 方便的 50. cooperation 合作 51. courage 勇气 52. cure 治愈 53. customer 顾客 54. decision 决定 55. a good deed 一件好事 56. decade 十年 57. degree 学位；度数 58. destination 目的地 59. determination 决心 60. dilemma 窘境, 进退两难的处境 61. discovery 发现 62. disease 疾病 63. disturbance 打扰 64. donation 捐赠 65. effort 努力 66. emergency 紧急情况 67. emotion 情感，情绪 68. employer 雇主 69. employee 雇员 70. employment 就业, 雇用 71. energy 精力 72. entertainment 娱乐 73. enthusiasm 热情 74. entrance 入口 75. environment 环境 76. equality 平等 77. evaluation 评估 78. exchange 交换 79. examination 考试，检查 80. expectation 期待 81. experience 经验，经历 82. experiment 实验 83. expression 表达，表情 84. financial 金融 85. flame 火焰 86. forgiveness 原谅 87. frustration 懊恼，沮丧，挫败 88. function 功能，作用 89. gesture 姿势 90. graduation 毕业 91. guidance 指导 92. harmony 和谐 93. hesitation 犹豫 94. honesty 诚实 95. honor 荣耀 96. horror 恐惧 97. identity 身份 98. impression 印象 99. incident 事件 100. independence 独立 101. influence 影响 102. inspiration 激励，鼓励 103. instruction 教导，说明 104. intention 意图，目的 105. investment 投资 106. invitation 邀请 107. image 形象 108. impact 影响 109. invite 邀请 110. isolation 隔离，孤立 111. justice 公正 112. loyalty 忠实 113. manufacture 制造，制造业 114. method 方法 115. mood 情绪，心情 116. niece 侄女；外甥女 117. nephew 侄子；外甥 118. nonsense 废话 119. mistake 错误，弄错 120. occasion 场合 121. offender 冒犯者；违法者 122. operation 手术；操作 123. passenger 乘客 124. phenomenon 现象 125. pioneer 先锋 126. policy 政策 127. pressure 压力 128. principle 原则 129. privilege 特权，特殊待遇 130. progress 进步 131. offer 提议；出价 132. quality 质量，品质 133. possession 财产 134. possibility 可能性 135. potential 潜能 136. prejudice 偏见 137. pressure 压力 138. pride 骄傲 139. profession 职业，专业 140. program 节目 141. purpose 目的，意图 142. presence 出席，在场 143. principle 原则 144. protection 保护 145. quarrel 争吵 146. reaction 反应 147. recall 回忆 148. reflection 反射；沉思；映象 149. relative 亲戚 150. relief 安慰，减轻 151. relationship 关系 152. regulation 规定，制度 153. request 要求 154. requirement 要求 155. review 复习，评论 156. routine 惯例，常规；一套舞蹈动作 157. sacrifice 牺牲 158. sample 样本 159. satisfaction 满意 160. scholarship 奖学金 161. signal 信号 162. situation 情况，处境 163. standard 标准 164. style 风格 165. supply 供应 166. survive 幸存，生还 167. sympathy 同情 168. system 系统 169. talent 天赋，才能 170. target=goal 目标 171. technology 技术 172. theory 理论 173. thought 想法，思想 174. treatment 治疗；对待 175. threat 威胁 176. trade 交易，贸易 177. tragedy 悲剧 178. treasure 珍惜，宝藏 179. trouble 麻烦 180. vacation 假期 181. valuable 有价值的 182. vehicle 车辆 183. will 意志，决心 184. wisdom 智慧 03完形填空高频形容词153例 1.abandoned =deserted 废弃的 2.academic 学术的 3.acceptable 可接受的 4.accurate 准确的, 精确的 5.accustomed 习惯的 6.ambitious 有雄心的；有野心的 7.amused 愉快的, 顽皮的 8.annoying 令人恼怒的 9.annual 每年的 10.anxious 焦虑的 11.appropriate 合适的 12.artificial 人造的 13.ashamed 羞愧的 14.astonishing 令人吃惊的 15.attentive 注意的，周到的 16.attractive 有吸引力的 17.automatic 自动的 18.available 可得到的, 可利用的 19.awful 糟糕的 20.awkward 笨拙的；尴尬的；难应付的 21.be aware of 意识到 22.be fond of 喜欢 23.beneficial 有益的 24.bitter 苦涩的； 25.brilliant 杰出的，才华横溢的 26.cautious 小心的 27.clumsy 笨拙的 28.cautious 谨慎的, 小心的 29.competent 有能力的 30.comfortable 舒服的，舒适的 31.confident 自信的 32.complicated=complex 复杂的 33.confused 困惑的；不懂的 34.considerate 体贴的，考虑周到的 35.constant 连续的 36.countless 数不尽的 37.creative 有创造力的 38.critical 批评的；挑剔的 39.crowded 拥挤的 40.cruel 残忍的 41.cultural 文化的 42.curious 好奇的 43.dangerous 危险的 44.delighted 高兴的 45.demanding 要求高的 46.dependent 依赖的 47.desperate 绝望的 48.diligent 勤奋的 49.depressed 沮丧的，萧条的 50.disappointing 令人失望的 51.disabled 残疾的，丧失能力的 52.dull 单调的，无趣的 53.economic 经济的，合算的 54.effective 有效的 55.efficient 效率高的 56.elegant 优雅的 57.embarrassed 尴尬的 58.equally 平等地 59.essential 必不可少的 60.evident=obvious=clear 明显的 61.exhausted 筋疲力尽的 62.faint 头晕的 63.faithful 忠实的，忠诚的 64.fierce 激烈的 65.firm 坚定的，紧紧地；n.公司 66.flexible 灵活的 67.formal 正式的 68.frightened 害怕的 69.generous 慷慨的，大方的 70.giant 巨大的 71.grateful 感激的 72.guilty 内疚的，有罪的 73.honorable 值得尊敬的 74.imaginary 想象力丰富的 75.increasing 越来越多的 76.independent 独立的 77.inefficient 效率低的 78.innocent 无辜的，无罪的，天真的 79.inspiring 鼓舞人心的 80.intelligent 智能的，聪明 81.invisible 看不见的 82.limited 有限的 83.magical 魔力的 84.meaningful 有意义的 85.memorable 值得纪念的 86.negative 消极的，否定的 87.mature 成熟的 88.messy 乱的 89.moved=touched 感动的 90.nervous 紧张的 91.obvious 明显的 92.optimistic 乐观的 93.original 原始的，起初的 94.outstanding 出色的 95.pale 苍白的 96.patient 有耐心的 97.permanent 永久的 98.persistent 坚持不懈的 99.physical 身体的；物理的 100.plain 平的，朴素的，简单的 101.poisonous 有毒的 102.polite 有礼貌的 103.positive 积极的，乐观的 104.potential 潜在的 105.powerful 强大的，有力的 106.practical 实际的，实用的 107.precious 珍贵的 108.previous 先前的，早先的 109.private 私人的，私密的 110.profitable 有利可图的 111.promising 有前途的 112.properly 合理地 113.proud 自豪的 114.puzzled 感到迷惑的 115.random 随机的 116.regular 定期的；有规律的 117.relaxed 放松的 118.relatively 相对的，比较的 119.reluctant 勉强的，不愿意的 120.responsible 有责任的 121.ridiculous 滑稽的，可笑的 122.satisfied=content 满意的 123.scared 害怕的 124.similar 相似的 125.simple 简单的 126.sensitive 敏感的 127.spotless 无暇的 128.steady 稳定的 129.stubborn 固执的 130.sensitive 敏感的 131.separate 单独的，分开的 132.severe 严厉的 133.sincere 真诚的 134.smart 聪明的 135.spiritual 精神的，心灵的 136.steady 稳定的 137.straight 直接的 138.stressful 有压力的 139.suspicious 怀疑的 140.talented 有天赋的 141.thankfully 幸运地 142.tiresome 令人生厌的，无聊的 143.traditional 传统的 144.tough 难办的；艰难的 145.troublesome 令人讨厌的 146.typical 典型的 147.unbearable 不能忍受的 148.unfair 不公平的 149.unconscious 无意识的 150.unique 独一无二的 151.urgent 紧急的 1522.valuable 有价值的，贵重的 153.wealthy 富有的 04 完形填空高频副词38例 1.absolutely 绝对地 2.accidentally 意外地，偶然地 3.actually 事实上 4.basically 基本的 5.casually 偶然地；随意地 6.certainly 肯定地，当然 7.clearly 清楚地 8.completely=entirely = thoroughly完全地，彻底地 9.consequently 因此，所以 10.consistently 一贯地，一致地 11.correctly 正确地 12.definitely 明确地，肯定地 13.deliberately 故意地 14.eventually 最后 15.exactly 确切地；精确地；恰好 16.extremely 非常，极其 17.frequently 频繁地 18.generally 一般来说 19.immediately 立刻 20.instantly 立即地 21.largely 在很大程度上；多半 22.merely=only=simply 仅仅，只不过 23.obviously=apparently 明显地，显然地 24.occasionally 偶尔地 25.particularly 尤其，特别 26.probably 可能地 27.repeatedly 重复地 28.roughly 粗略地 29.similarly 相似地 30.slightly 轻微地 31.somehow 不知怎地 32.somewhat 稍微, 有点 33.temporarily 暂时地 34.sympathetically 同情地 35.undoubtedly 毫无疑问地 36.violently 激烈地，剧烈地 37.voluntarily 自愿地 38.willingly 愿意地 01 完形填空议论文解题步骤 02 完形填空议论文解题要领 1. 通览全文把握作者的观点和态度。 议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。考生要把握作者的观点，把握作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就找准了文章的论点。把握文章的开头，总结文章的结尾。议论文的篇首或结尾出现话题中心，通过首段或末段把握文章的主题。 2. 试填注意段与段之间的逻辑。 议论文往往围绕某一个论点用不同的论据加以佐证，往往每一段就是一个论据，而论据和论据之间又相互联系、互为补充，每一段往往就是其中一个角度或侧面。 3. 复核疑问题目提高得分率。 通读全文，检验每条论据是否都合情合理，都能强而有力地支撑论点。 ( 完形填空 议论文 综合能力提升 ) 真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维 01 （2022浙江卷）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they 1 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out 2 he were flying, his eyes wide with 3 . His trust in me is 4 which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of 5 . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets 6 , it will need more effort and sound judgment 7 . Trust is such an important part of a 8 relationship that it’s something that can’t 9 to lose. Every time I 10 Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels 11 in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt . 12 , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to 13 that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. 14 in the workplace, trust is important for strong 15 . It is something that every manager should work hard to 16 among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to 17 your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A 18 of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be 19 you their best. Good 20 , like good parenting, is a long-term commitment. 1. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know 2. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that 3. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment 4. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important 5. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility 6. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier 7. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name 8. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student 9. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect 10. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce 11. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful 12. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example 13. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine 14. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately 15. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership 16. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand 17. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget 18. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack 19. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending 20. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education 02 （2012江苏卷）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 36 . Solitude can be hard to discover 37 it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 38 our culture. The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 39 as we’ve known it. People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they’d rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our 42 , but from our mobile phones as well. Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 44 it would make them an outsider. 45 , many jobs and careers require people to be 46 . From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 47 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 48 wants it. Computers can be shut 49 and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected”and “ on”has many 50 , as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up 51 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel 52 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 53 to unwanted texts. Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 54 across generations. Some find today’s technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject, it’s hard to imagine what life would be like 55 daily advancements in technology. 1. A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected 2. A. though B. until C. once D. before 3. A. respected B. shaped C. ignored D. preserved 4. A. edge B. stage C. end D. balance 5. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. considerate D. reachable 6. A. even if B. only if C. as if D. if only 7. A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors 8. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent 9. A. finding B. using C. protecting D. changing 10. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow 11. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. interested 12. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burden D. disappointment 13. A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really 14. A. out B. down C. up D. in 15. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions 16. A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted 17. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused 18. A. turn B. submit C. object D. reply 19. A. vary B. arise C. spread D. exist 20. A. beyond B. within C. despite D. without 03（2014广东卷）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket. The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7 than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s 9 . On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions. Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 1. A. natural B. strong C. guilty D. similar 2. A. interest B. argument C. link D. knowledge 3. A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked 4. A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research 5. A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing 6. A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes 7. A. complex B. popular C. scientific D. successful 8. A. later B. deliberately C. seldom D. thoroughly 9. A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature 10. A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrills 11. A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider 12. A. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trust 13. A. reply B. attend C. attach D. talk 14. A. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stop 15. A. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising 04（2011广东卷）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The 1 is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的)growth by   2 situations that are designed for the   3 children.There can be little doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these   5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems. I observed a number of 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a   7 class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying   8 on their teachers’ directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect   9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program. Many are concerned that gifted children become   10 and lose interest in learning. However, this   11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these   12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are   13 . Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they   14 so goes far beyond the work they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an   15 child. 1. A. principle B. theory C. argument D. classification 2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living 3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average 4. A. regular B. special C. small D. creative 5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs 6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent 7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring 8. A. specially B. slightly C. wrongly D. heavily 9. A. directly B. cleverly C. voluntarily D. quickly 10. A. doubted B. bored C. worried D. tired 11. A. concern B. conclusion C. reflection D. interest 12. A. students B. adults C. scholars D. teachers 13. A. talented B. worried C. learned D. interested 14. A. believe B. think C. say D. feel 15. A. outstanding B. intelligent C. anxious D. ordinary 模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考 01（25-26高二上·云南昭通·阶段练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Before it was proven that the earth was round, it was a well-known “fact” that it was 1 . This “fact” was so 2 accepted that no one dared test it, because they thought if they did sail out beyond the horizon they would fall off the edge. 3 , because they believed it couldn’t be done, it wasn’t done. That is, until Columbus 4 common knowledge and asked “what if?”, this question literally expanded the 5 of his country, altered history, and changed the 6 reality forever. In spite of our 7 to think of reality as the undoubted basis of our experience, the definition of 8 changes every time someone pushes the boundary conditions of traditional 9 . When our view of reality changes, our 10 changes with it, based on 11 is newly considered possible. When Columbus returned from the New World, a revised world map was 12 and this began a new era of exploration and adventure. Examples of the impossible being made possible can be found throughout history. When Chuck Yeager flew the X-1, he destroyed the myth that there was such a thing as a sound barrier. His training and talent, 13 with the new technology of the day, not only enabled him to go 14 the speed of sound, but strengthened the fact that even so-called technological barriers can be 15 as well. 1. A. rough B. smooth C. hard D. flat 2. A. generously B. rarely C. widely D. brilliantly 3. A. In other words B. In addition C. On the move D. For instance 4. A. prohibited B. questioned C. declared D. demonstrated 5. A. absence B. capacity C. prospect D. boundary 6. A. obtained B. accepted C. adjusted D. clarified 7. A. accuracy B. strategy C. tendency D. efficiency 8. A. proof B. reality C. origin D. fantasy 9. A. wisdom B. custom C. costume D. festival 10. A. behavior B. theory C. experience D. achievement 11. A. who B. which C. what D. it 12. A. let down B. put down C. switched off D. drawn up 13. A. concerned B. combined C. covered D. loaded 14. A. beyond B. through C. over D. down 15. A. admitted B. commanded C. overcome D. ignored 02（25-26高二上·福建·期中）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。     Although most flyers (传单) have gone the way of tape recordings, there’s still the 1 one that shows up at our door. 2 , they go straight to the recycling bin — unless there are small children and a page with toys catches their eyes. They are 3 by it. They tend to feel forced to read it over and over again. But that’s not 4 . Now there’s a whole list of toys they can’t live without. Before they saw this page, they were 5 . There was nothing they needed. They had 6 puzzles, books, and games to keep them satisfied for hours. Not to mention the outdoor 7 . Now, they need this toy. They’ll be miserable 8 they have it. After calming down the kids and giving some firm no’s, it’s time to 9 the experience. Aren’t we all like those children? We’re mostly fine until we run into a situation where our desires are 10 . This could be a trip to the mall or a view of someone’s vacation pictures on WeChat. There are new things or experiences we 11 ! We’ll be so miserable without them. We are all 12 affected. And that’s thought-provoking. Recognizing our weakness and the source of the temptation (诱惑) is a big first step towards 13 it. We can begin by steeling ourselves against the sources — 14 social media, avoiding the mall… And even under those circumstances that can’t be avoided, we can repeat to ourselves the wisdom, “Who is the rich person? The one who is 15 with his life.” 1. A. original B. occasional C. important D. inspiring 2. A. In order B. In general C. Now and then D. More or less 3. A. ignored B. puzzled C. prohibited D. attracted 4. A. within its reach B. a piece of cake C. the worst of it D. as plain as day 5. A. content B. curious C. innocent D. unsettled 6. A. all B. limited C. enough D. extra 7. A. options B. agency C. education D. areas 8. A. if B. because C. until D. though 9. A. meet with B. bring up C. work out D. reflect on 10. A. excited B. admitted C. controlled D. expressed 11. A. need B. obtain C. possess D. share 12. A. secretly B. directly C. barely D. easily 13. A. understanding B. conquering C. investigating D. building 14. A. making time forB. looking forward to C. staying away from D. taking advantage of 15. A. familiar B. satisfied C. busy D. concerned 03（2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In Robert M. Pirsig’s 1974 book, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, the author describes a device he calls “the old South Indian Monkey Trap.” It 1 a hollowed-out coconut (椰子) with some rice inside, chained to a stake (桩). The coconut has a hole in the top just large enough for a monkey to 2 its hand but not big enough to remove a handful of rice. While villagers watched from a distance, Pirsig writes, a hungry monkey would reach in and become trapped, unable or unwilling to give up its handful in 3 for its freedom. The villagers could then walk right up and take the monkey away. Before you say anything about the dumb monkey, ask yourself whether you are doing more or less the same thing when it comes to 4 in your life. Perhaps you want to 5 with an estranged (疏远的) friend but refuse to let go of an old dispute. If so, you are stuck in an emotional monkey trap. Sometimes, we give up the freedom we crave (渴望) even when we say we have forgiven others, whether because we still harbor anger deep down or because we are 6 offenses to use later against the people who have wronged us. To achieve greater happiness and freedom, we all need to 7 these sorts of partial forgiveness. The thing about talking through a problem or telling someone “I forgive you” is that it takes a lot of 8 and hurts your pride, and might mean giving up something you want. So sometimes, people try 9 that seem like good ways to resolve a dispute but do not work in the end. Researchers have written about conditional forgiveness, in which vindication (辩护) is put off and conditions are made(“I will forgive you when you do X and Y”), and pseudo-forgiveness, which happens when partners decide to 10 an issue without actually forgiving one another for it. Conditional forgiveness can provide what researchers call “emotional protection” — that is, a feeling of 11 — for the damaged partner, but can also keep a wound open. Pseudo-forgiveness can prolong an unhappy relationship because no actual forgiveness is taking place, which, the research shows, is a bad sign for a relationship’s 12 . In either case, partial forgiveness is a monkey trap — a handful of emotional rice chosen over freedom from anger and bitterness. Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance chronicles (按时间顺序记述) a 17-day trip from Minnesota to California on an old motorcycle. The book is full of rich metaphors (隐喻) like the monkey trap. But 13 , the whole story is a metaphor for life. In our brief journey through time, we might encounter every kind of problem. Some are mechanical issues, which 14 some knowledge of motorcycle maintenance to keep going. Many are unimportant. The rest are unsolvable, but you still do not want to let them ruin the trip for you and your passengers. In those cases, the solution is 15 : Just drive away, and leave them behind. 1. A. comes from B. consists of C. insists on D. makes up 2. A. clap B. insert C. rub D. wash 3. A. exchange B. preparation C. return D. search 4. A. conflicts B. dangers C. opportunities D. requests 5. A. associate B. compare C. react D. reconnect 6. A. coming up with B. holding on to C. keeping away from D. looking down upon 7. A. abandon B. accept C. acquire D. admire 8. A. courage B. effort C. practice D. trust 9. A. adventures B. memories C. shortcuts D. treatments 10. A. avoid B. expect C. highlight D. ignore 11. A. excitement B. guilt C. safety D. satisfaction 12. A. competition B. evolution C. possibility D. survival 13. A. by chance B. in demand C. in truth D. on earth 14. A. examine B. gather C. lack D. require 15. A. complex B. rare C. simple D. unique 04（2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Delayed gratification has enjoyed an excellent reputation ever since the famous Stanford “marshmallow” study in the 1970s. The study showed that children who chose to wait for a later, bigger reward of marshmallows — instead of giving in to temptation straight away — had better 1 later in lives, on several measures. It makes sense to 2 the habit of waiting a little before satisfying one’s desires. Being pushed around by our impulses can lead to a(n) 3 to consider our long-term well-being or other people’s point of view. Even delayed gratification has its downsides, however. A reader who is “mostly a delayed-gratification person” reflects that, “I find that I feel guilty when I have something 4 . And it is not as fulfilling or as meaningful. ” Delayed gratification is a two-faced virtue. It is used both as a tactic by hedonists (享乐主义者) to maximize pleasure and a strategy by ascetics (禁欲主义者) to minimize it. For the ascetic, to act instantly on our desires is to become 5 to them, and they are hardly the wisest of masters. If we wait and think before following their orders, we often find we don’t need what they 6 us to seize. Sometimes they even make us 7 : fatter, poorer, more burdened by stuff, messily caught up in other people’s lives. But some see delay as a way of extending and heightening pleasure. The more you have to wait for something, the more you generally 8 it. Time also allows us to optimize the 9 of enjoyment. To not let the wine breathe and the cheese come up to room temperature is to 10 both. Anticipation is also a pleasure in itself, some might say, even greater than that of the 11 enjoyment. As Winnie-the-Pooh observed, “although eating honey was a very good thing to do, there was a moment just before you began to eat it which was better than when you were. ” In Flaubert’s Parrot, Julian Barnes goes further: “Happiness lies in the imagination, not the act. Pleasure is found first in anticipation, later in memory. ” I can see the truths in all these ideas. But I wonder if we are 12 if we think that the question of delay is the central one. Rather, should we not cultivate selective gratification? The ideal is neither to satisfy nor 13 every desire, but to make sure we only act on those that are truly rewarding, at the right time and in the right place. Delay therefore becomes simply one tool among others, not the master key (万能钥匙). Some of the sweetest moments in life are when chance presents a happy opportunity to do something wonderful, here and now, without 14 . In such cases, gratification delayed is satisfaction 15 . 1. A. choices B. outcomes C. positions D. purposes 2. A. break with B. get into C. return to D. shake off 3. A. attempt B. error C. inability D. obligation 4. A. completely B. immediately C. slightly D. temporarily 5. A. contributors B. slaves C. threats D. witnesses 6. A. allow B. command C. help D. invite 7. A. worse off B. take off C. better off D. show off 8. A. accept B. appreciate C. believe D. share 9. A. conditions B. qualities C. sources D. terms 10. A. eliminate B. highlight C. improve D. waste 11. A. actual B. average C. imaginary D. total 12. A. discouraged B. dismissed C. misled D. misunderstood 13. A. create B. inspire C. kill D. resist 14. A. hesitation B. loss C. permission D. prejudice 15. A. deleted B. denied C. expressed D. guaranteed 05（2025高二·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many years ago, before the invention of smartphones and the Internet, I was living in Cali, Colombia. My younger sister decided to visit me for a holiday. However, on the day I was supposed to go to meet her at the airport, I somehow lost 1 of the time and realized that I was leaving my home much later than I had wanted to. And to make matters 2 when I went outside, the rain was pouring from the sky and I couldn't get a taxi. I ended up jumping on board a bus to Palmira, where the airport was. Except it wasn't exactly going to be heading for the airport. The driver said that he would drop me off at a crossroads which was located six kilometres away from the airport. I had no 3 but to travel with the bus. The journey took ages, however. When the bus did eventually 4 the previously mentioned crossroads, the stop appeared to be in the middle of nowhere. The driver pointed in a given direction and told me that the airport was down that way. By this time, I had descended into tears. My sister would be arriving in twelve minutes, and there was no way I was going to be able to make it in time. Beside myself (失去控制) with worry, I 5 the driver to drive the six kilometres down to the airport to drop me off. He stood up and took a vote from the other passengers. Fortunately, they all 6 . Thanks to them, I arrived on time. This was my first encounter with Murphy's Law (墨菲定律): Whatever can go wrong will go wrong. And the only way to beat this devil is to take 7 for the outcome of all your actions. I should have made a Plan B by 8 the possibility that there would be no taxis available. Of course, some major victories in history were achieved by the very fact that they did not have a Plan B to 9 . Xiang Yu famously ordered his troops to “break the kettles and sink the boats” before they confronted the Qin in the Battle of Julu. However, this “failure is not an option” mindset should only be reserved for 10 scenarios. Most of the situations we encounter in our lives are much less dramatic and can often be 11 in more ways than one. It is 12 to have a Plan B because you cannot always guarantee that your original plan is going to work out, and in some cases, your contingency (不测之事) plan might just end up being even better than your original one. This is especially true in the volatile (动荡不定的) world of business. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, many companies have adopted a work-from-home policy which is helping them to 13 their costs while also allowing them to achieve greater levels of productivity than ever before. Now more than ever, in this rapidly changing world, 14 is often the key to success. If you are prepared to bounce back when everyone else breaks down, you will be the winner. Think of your contingency plan as a form of 15 , one that, if nothing else, can give you the peace of mind you need. 1. A. heart B. sight C. track D. touch 2. A. better B. easier C. funnier D. worse 3. A. choice B. evidence C. hope D. reason 4. A. leave B. pass C. reach D. return 5. A. allowed B. begged C. forced D. reminded 6. A. agreed B. appeared C. succeeded D. survived 7. A. advice B. control C. responsibility D. risk 8. A. coming into effectB. getting into troubleC. putting into practice D. taking into account 9. A. approve of B. look up C. go after D. turn to 10. A. extreme B. frightening C. normal D. strange 11. A. accessed B. altered C. approached D. avoided 12. A. dangerous B. essential C. pointless D. ridiculous 13. A. increase B. maintain C. pay D. reduce 14. A. capability B. flexibility C. reliability D. stability 15. A. assistance B. endurance C. guidance D. insurance 06（24-25高二下·四川资阳·期末）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Sticks and stones will break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” Do you 1 that old saying? Probably not, because you know words can sometimes hurt more than a 2 arm. The words we speak show how we feel, and unkind words hurt both the person who 3 and the person who says them. On the other hand, kind words encourage others and 4 the people who say them. If you become a good 5 , you’ll win more friends. You’ll 6 your teachers and parents, and you’ll even have a better 7 of getting a job in an interview. It makes sense to learn to communicate clearly and 8 . If you throw a stone into the ocean, the stone comes back to you. Words are 9 that. What you throw out comes back to you. It’s 10 that sometimes people won’t answer your kind words with kindness. But over the long run, if you communicate kindness, you’ll attract kind words in 11 . We communicate in more than just words. Any 12 you make with your body, any sound that comes out of your mouth, the expression you 13 , and even the thoughts you have can 14 a message to someone. Therefore, it’s vital to master the art of communication, which builds positive connections and creates a wave of kindness that 15 our lives and the lives of others. 1. A. recognize B. forget C. mind D. believe 2. A. controlled B. broken C. repaired D. raised 3. A. hears B. finds C. writes D. learns 4. A. slow down B. throw away C. build up D. figure out 5. A. communicator B. leader C. lecturer D. reporter 6. A. observe B. impress C. protect D. serve 7. A. method B. view C. chance D. standard 8. A. effectively B. regularly C. privately D. freely 9. A. about B. against C. below D. like 10. A. important B. true C. interesting D. simple 11. A. peace B. person C. return D. order 12. A. mistake B. movement C. decision D. arrangement 13. A. wear B. desire C. supply D. define 14. A. compare B. add C. match D. send 15. A. endangers B. exchanges C. enriches D. exposes 06（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. But their 4 soon wears off and by January those 5 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 6 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 7 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 8 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the burden of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 9 but are soon looking forward to 10 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 11 , who now complain about the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first 12 their driver’s license? Before people retire, they usually plan to do a lot of 13 things, which they never had 14 to do while working. But soon after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 15 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new toys. 1. A. principle B. habit C. weaker D. power 2. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages 3. A. working B. living C. playing D. going 4. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 5. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 6. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled 7. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main 8. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly 9. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 10. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success 11. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees 12. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered 13. A. great B. strong C. difficult D. correct 14. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge 15. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit $专题04 完形填空---议论文 ( 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读 01 】 完形填空 议论文 五年高考考情统计 【知能解读 02 】 完形填空 议论文 五年高考考情解读 【知能解读 03 】 完形填空 议论文 满分思维导图 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破 01 】 完形填空 依情感，识褒贬 【重难点突破 0 2 】 完形填空 划范畴，前后连 【重难点突破 0 3 】 完形填空 析意群，定答案 【重难点突破 0 4 】 完形填空 由熟词，知生义 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错 01 】 高考 完形填空 神仙单词 1 23 例 【易混易错 0 2 】 完形填空 高频名词 1 84 例 【易混易错 0 3 】 完形填空高频 形容词 1 5 3 例 【易混易错 0 4 】 完形填空高频 副词 38 例 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【方法技巧 0 1 】 完形填空 议论文 解题步骤 【方法技巧 0 2 】 完形填空 议论文 解题要领 ) 01完形填空议论文五年高考考情统计 卷别 体裁 词数 主题 2022浙江6月卷 议论文 267 信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分 02完形填空议论文五年高考考情解读 一、文体分析 议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观的解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。英语议论文不完全等同于汉语的议论文，它涉及的范围要小得多。英语议论文主要是就某一主题，在摆出正反两方面观点的基础上，通过论证、推理辩论等手段，试图让读者最终接受作者对这一主题的某种观点。尽管有时也不一定非常明确的交待正反观点，但力图通过推理让读者赞同自己的观点始终是英语议论文的主要目的。 二、文本结构 不管是在汉语中，还是在英语中，议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论（分析问题，即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成，其具体的结构模式又有以下三种： 模式一：引言段（提出观点）——正方论点心（支持作者的观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者的观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）。在这种模式中，文章主体段（中间部分）的每一个部分论述一个论点，这些论点以其重要性按序排列，最有力、最重要的论点在最后面，以示强调。 模式二：引言段（提出观点）——反面意见（反方观点+作者的反驳）、正方论点1（支持作者观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）。在这种模式中，文章立体段的一开始就提出对立方的反面意见及作者对这种意见的反驳，以后各部分仍分别陈述作者的不同论点。 模式三：引言段（提出观点）——反方观点1+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点2+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点3+进行反驳的正方论点——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）。在这种模式中，作者在文章主体段的每一部分都先提出一个反面观点，然后再进行反驳。 三、语言特点 1.较多使用表达委婉语气的词语和句子与英语说明文相比，英语议论文不仅需要说明自己的观点，而且还要让读者接受自己的观点，因此，在词语表达上除了客观之外，还必须注意委婉。在英语中，常用虚拟语气，让步状语从句和情态动词can，could，may，might，would，should等。 2.使用有辩论、推理等含义的连接词和过渡词等词语结构 英语议论文讲究辩论推理的条理性和逻辑性，因此，往往较多地使用这类性质的过渡词和连接词，常用的包括：since 既然，now that既然， therefore因而，consequently因此，accordingly因此，hence因而，in that case在那种情况下，because因为，so所以。 03完形填空议论文满分思维导图 01 依情感，识褒贬 在高考完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度或感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。 [跟踪训练1] (2023全国甲卷)   Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 54. look perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a 55 memory of those. 55 A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague 解析：根据前文“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 54.perfect but taste of water.”可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。 [跟踪训练2] (2023新课标I卷) As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 deal. “She was just crying. I couldn’t 53. leave her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” 31. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 解析：根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。 02 划范畴，前后连 完形填空对词汇的考查与上下文的语境息息相关。明确上下句之间话题的范围有助于确定答案。 [跟踪训练] (2023浙江1月卷) The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to witness a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱) are placed in the treetops. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 43 . 43．A．urgent B．dangerous C．expensive D．pointless 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ________ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。【提醒】此处and是并列关系，空处和difficult的并列关系。 03 析意群，定答案 一般说来，让步关联词分为介词类和连词类。介词类的让步关联词有despite，in spite of, regardless of等，连词类有though，although，as和while以及even if, even though等。 [跟踪训练] (2023全国甲卷) It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 58. on sale, and as close as possible to where they were 59. grown. What Mario had 60 us was the taste of the Garfagnana. 60. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told 60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought买；D. told告诉。根据前文“It was 43 called Mario, coming to 44 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。 04 由熟词，知生义 一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词生僻意义。 [跟踪训练] (2022新课标I卷) So 45. instead of tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46 —he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. 46．A. worked B．happened C．mattered D．changed 46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。 01 高考完形填空神仙单词123例 ( 首字母 A-B “ 神仙 ” 单词 )英语词汇是英语高考的重中之重，我们把近八年高考真题英语完形填空中，考查的动词词汇给大家做了盘点。有的词汇更是多年多次考查的黄金词汇，这份动词风云榜，是你单词记忆的核心。 1. abandon 遗弃 (2021全国甲卷；2020浙江卷；2019天津卷；2016全国I卷) 2. accompany 陪伴；为……伴奏 (2018全国III卷) 3. acquire 获得 (2019全国I卷) 4. accidentally 偶然，意外(2023天津6月卷; 2021全国乙卷) 5. address 称呼；演说；写姓名地址 (2019北京卷) 6. admit 承认；准许进入 (2023天津6月卷；2022浙江6月卷；2020全国I卷) 7. adjust 调节，适应(2024全国甲卷；2022浙江6月卷；2021北京卷) 8. adopt 采用；收养 (2024全国甲卷；2019全国II卷) 9. advocate 提倡，主张 (2020江苏卷；2019全国I卷) 10. afford 承受得起；买得起(2023天津3月卷;2022浙江6月卷; 2022新课标I卷) 11. allocate 分配 (2020全国II卷) 12. ambition 抱负 (2024新课标II卷;2021新课标I卷) 13. analyze 分析 (2018全国I卷) 14. appeal 呼吁；有吸引力；上诉 (2024·新课标I卷;2018全国Ⅱ卷；2016江苏卷) 15. appoint 委派，任命 (2019天津卷) 16. assess 评估 (2024新课标II卷；2023浙江6月卷；2022浙江6月卷；2019北京卷) 17. assume 假定 (2022全国乙卷;2020全国III卷) 18. attach 附，系，贴 (2022浙江6月卷；2020全国II卷) 19. attempt 企图，尝试 (2021全国甲卷；2019北京卷) 20. average 平均 (2023全国乙卷; 2021浙江1月卷) 21. awkward 尴尬的(2024全国甲卷;2021新课标II卷) 22. bargain 讨价还价 (2020全国II卷) 23. bathe (以光线)洒满，覆盖；使沐浴(在光线里) (2022全国甲卷；2018全国II卷) 24. bear 忍受;承受 (2018全国III卷) 25. bite 咬；叮，蜇 (2016北京卷) 26. bother 打扰 (2021北京卷；2018全国III卷) 27. betray 背叛 (2017江苏卷) 28. budget 预算(2023新课标II卷; 2022新课标I卷; 2021天津卷) ( 首字母 C - E “ 神仙 ” 单词 ) 1. calculate 计算，估计 (2021浙江1月卷；2019天津卷；2016江苏卷) 2. cautious 谨慎的(2023全国甲卷;2021全国甲卷;2021浙江6月卷) 3. clarify 阐明，澄清 (2023全国乙卷；2018全国III卷) 4. confirm确认，证实 (2024新课标II卷;2023天津6月卷;2022浙江1月卷;2022全国乙卷;2018全国III卷) 5. crash 碰撞；撞击 (2022天津卷；2016全国I卷) 6. cancel 取消，撤销 (2020全国I卷) 7. claim 要求；宣称，断言 (2020天津卷；2018天津卷) 8. commit 犯(罪)；承诺 (2017江苏卷) 9. comprehend 理解(2022全国乙卷) 10. compromise 妥协；让步(2022浙江1月卷; 2021天津卷) 11. contradict 反驳；矛盾(2022全国乙卷) 12. controversial 有争议的(2022浙江1月卷) 13. convince 使信服；说服 (2024新课标I卷;2024全国甲卷;2020天津卷;2019北京卷；2018全国III卷) 14. courage 勇气(2023新课标I卷;2022北京卷; 2021浙江6月卷) 15. deliberately故意地(2021全国甲卷) 16. deliver 递送；发表 (2021新课标I卷；2021浙江6月卷；2019北京卷) 17. declare 宣告；申报；声明 (2016江苏卷) 18. deny 否认；拒绝承认 (2017江苏卷) 19. dismiss 解散(2022浙江1月卷) 20. disturb 扰乱；妨碍 (2017全国I卷) 21. donate 捐赠；捐献 (2022浙江1月卷；2021新课标I卷;2019北京卷) 22. drag 拖，拉 (2017江苏卷) 23. define 给……下定义 (2019天津卷；2016江苏卷) 24. deserve 值得 (2024新课标I卷；2022浙江6月卷；2019全国I卷) 25. distinguish 辨别，分清 (2020江苏卷) 26. distribute (有计划地)分发 (2019北京卷；2017浙江卷) 27. dive 跳水 (2023浙江1月卷；2018全国II卷) 28. encounter 遭遇；邂逅 (2024浙江1月卷；2019天津卷) 29. erupt 爆发 (2017浙江卷) 30. evaluate 评估 (2018全国I卷) 31. expand 扩大 (2018天津卷) 32. expose 揭露；暴露 (2023天津3月卷；2022全国乙卷；2020全国I卷；2020江苏卷) ( 首字母 F - R “ 神仙 ” 单词 ) 1. fade 逐渐消失；衰落 (2019全国Ⅲ卷) 2. forbid 禁止；阻止 (2019全国III卷；2019江苏卷) 3. frame 表达；制订；给……做框 (2020全国II卷) 4. imply 暗示 (2020天津卷) 5. instead 相反(2022新课标I卷;2023天津6月卷; 2022新课标I卷;2021天津卷;) 6. involve 包含，需要；牵涉 (2016江苏卷) 7. identify 认出，识别 (2019天津卷) 8. interpret 翻译；理解(2022全国乙卷) 9. mature 成熟(2024新课标I卷; 2021全国甲卷 10. migrate 迁移；迁徙 (2019江苏卷) 11. matter 要紧 (2023全国乙卷; 2022新课标I卷;2019全国Ⅲ卷) 12. measure 测量 (2023浙江1月卷;2022浙江6月卷;2019北京卷) 13. negotiate 谈判 ，协商(2024浙江1月卷;2021浙江1月卷) 14. pace 来回踱步 (2017江苏卷) 15. panic 恐慌(2022天津卷；021北京卷) 16. pave 铺；创造条件 (2019北京卷) 17. postpone 推迟 (2016全国Ⅱ卷) 18. permit 允许，准许 (2023天津6月卷;2021天津卷; 2021新课标I卷;2019全国Ⅰ卷) 19. predict预言,预报 (2023北京卷; 2023天津3月卷;2022全国甲卷; 2022全国乙卷;2020新课标Ⅰ卷; 2019全国Ⅱ卷) 20. prohibit 禁止；阻止 (2017全国Ⅰ卷) 21. pray 祈望 (2020全国Ⅲ卷) 22. purify 净化；精炼 (2020新课标Ⅰ卷) 23. quit 停止；离开；退出；离任 (2024新课标I卷；2018浙江卷) 24. qualify 符合，配得上 (2021天津卷;2016江苏卷) 25. reserve 预订 (2021新课标I卷；2017全国Ⅲ卷) 26. recite 背诵，朗诵 (2021全国乙卷;019北京卷) 27. recover 康复(2021新课标II卷; 2021全国甲卷; 2021全国乙卷) 28. reflect 反映；反射 (2024全国甲卷；2022天津卷；2020江苏卷) 29. register 登记；记录 (2020全国Ⅱ卷) 30. relief 欣慰；宽慰(2022新课标I卷；2022浙江6月卷；2021北京卷) 31. remove 去除；脱去 (2022天津卷；2021新课标I卷；2019江苏卷) 32. repeat 重复；复述 (2021全国乙卷；2019天津卷) 33. reserve 预订，保留 (2023天津6月卷；2021新课标I卷；2020全国Ⅱ卷) 34. reunite 再结合 (2020浙江卷) 35. review 校阅；评论；温习 (2020浙江学考) 36. roll 滚动；翻身 (2024北京卷;2016四川卷) 37. rush 迅速移动；匆忙行事；突袭 (2017江苏卷；2016全国Ⅰ卷) ( 首字母 S - Z “ 神仙 ” 单词 ) 1. sacrifice 牺牲 (2023天津6月卷;2017全国Ⅲ卷) 2. scared 感到害怕的 (2022全国乙卷;2021浙江1月卷) 3. seize 抓住；夺取 (2019江苏卷) 4. simplify 使简化，使简易 (2018全国Ⅲ卷) 5. ski 滑雪 (2019全国Ⅱ卷) 6. sink 下沉，下陷，沉没 (2018全国Ⅱ卷) 7. slightly 稍微 (2023天津3月卷; 2021天津卷; 2021全国乙卷) 8. strike 打；撞 (2017天津卷) 9. skip 跳过，略过 (2018全国Ⅰ卷) 10. spot 发现，看见 (2022北京卷;2020浙江卷；2019天津卷) 11. submit 顺从；提交 (2020全国Ⅱ卷) 12. substitute 替代(2022浙江1月卷) 13. swear 咒骂；发誓 (2020全国Ⅲ卷) 14. switch 改变；交换 (2021浙江6月卷；2020浙江卷) 15. sew 缝 (2018江苏卷) 16. split 分裂；分开 (2019江苏卷) 17. sponsor 赞助；举办 (2017全国Ⅰ卷) 18. tentative临时的；试验性的 2022全国乙卷) 19. tremble (因紧张、激动、惊慌等)颤抖，哆嗦 (2018江苏卷；2019全国Ⅱ卷) 20. urge 鞭策；催促 (2019北京卷；2018全国Ⅰ卷) 21. volunteer 自愿做 (2023新课标I卷；2019北京卷) 22. witness 目击；见证 (2023浙江1月卷; 2021新课标I卷;020全国Ⅱ卷) 23. wander 漫游；蜿蜒 (2017江苏卷) 24. weep 流泪，哭泣 (2022北京卷；2020浙江学考) 25. whisper 低语 (2024北京卷；2019天津卷) 26. zoom 快速移动，迅速前往 (2020浙江学考) 02 完形填空高频名词184例 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第3页，共41页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. ability 能力 2. absence 缺席 3. accident 事故 4. accommodation 住所 5. adult 成年人 6. adventure 冒险 7. advertisement 广告 8. affair 事情 9. ambition 抱负，野心 10. apartment 公寓 11. apology 道歉 12. appearance 出现；外貌 13. application 申请，应用程序 14. appointment 约会，约定；预约；任命 15. approach 接近；方法 16. argument 争论 17. assistant 助手 18. assistance 帮助，援助 19. attitude 态度 20. atmosphere 气氛 21. astonishment 惊讶 22. attitude 态度 23. audience 观众 24. average 平均 25. board 甲板；食宿；董事会 26. bravery 勇敢 27. budget 预算 28. burden 负担 29. career 事业 30. cause 原因，事业 31. ceremony 典礼，仪式 32. certainty 肯定 33. challenge 挑战 34 characteristic 特征，特性 35. cheer sb on 为某人加油 36. classification 分类 37. colleague 同事 38. command 命令 39. comment 评论 40. company 公司；陪伴 41. competition 比赛，竞赛 42. concept 概念 43. confidence 自信 44. conflict 冲突 45. contract 合同 46. conclusion 结论 47. consequence 结果，后果 48. contribution 贡献 49. convenient 方便的 50. cooperation 合作 51. courage 勇气 52. cure 治愈 53. customer 顾客 54. decision 决定 55. a good deed 一件好事 56. decade 十年 57. degree 学位；度数 58. destination 目的地 59. determination 决心 60. dilemma 窘境, 进退两难的处境 61. discovery 发现 62. disease 疾病 63. disturbance 打扰 64. donation 捐赠 65. effort 努力 66. emergency 紧急情况 67. emotion 情感，情绪 68. employer 雇主 69. employee 雇员 70. employment 就业, 雇用 71. energy 精力 72. entertainment 娱乐 73. enthusiasm 热情 74. entrance 入口 75. environment 环境 76. equality 平等 77. evaluation 评估 78. exchange 交换 79. examination 考试，检查 80. expectation 期待 81. experience 经验，经历 82. experiment 实验 83. expression 表达，表情 84. financial 金融 85. flame 火焰 86. forgiveness 原谅 87. frustration 懊恼，沮丧，挫败 88. function 功能，作用 89. gesture 姿势 90. graduation 毕业 91. guidance 指导 92. harmony 和谐 93. hesitation 犹豫 94. honesty 诚实 95. honor 荣耀 96. horror 恐惧 97. identity 身份 98. impression 印象 99. incident 事件 100. independence 独立 101. influence 影响 102. inspiration 激励，鼓励 103. instruction 教导，说明 104. intention 意图，目的 105. investment 投资 106. invitation 邀请 107. image 形象 108. impact 影响 109. invite 邀请 110. isolation 隔离，孤立 111. justice 公正 112. loyalty 忠实 113. manufacture 制造，制造业 114. method 方法 115. mood 情绪，心情 116. niece 侄女；外甥女 117. nephew 侄子；外甥 118. nonsense 废话 119. mistake 错误，弄错 120. occasion 场合 121. offender 冒犯者；违法者 122. operation 手术；操作 123. passenger 乘客 124. phenomenon 现象 125. pioneer 先锋 126. policy 政策 127. pressure 压力 128. principle 原则 129. privilege 特权，特殊待遇 130. progress 进步 131. offer 提议；出价 132. quality 质量，品质 133. possession 财产 134. possibility 可能性 135. potential 潜能 136. prejudice 偏见 137. pressure 压力 138. pride 骄傲 139. profession 职业，专业 140. program 节目 141. purpose 目的，意图 142. presence 出席，在场 143. principle 原则 144. protection 保护 145. quarrel 争吵 146. reaction 反应 147. recall 回忆 148. reflection 反射；沉思；映象 149. relative 亲戚 150. relief 安慰，减轻 151. relationship 关系 152. regulation 规定，制度 153. request 要求 154. requirement 要求 155. review 复习，评论 156. routine 惯例，常规；一套舞蹈动作 157. sacrifice 牺牲 158. sample 样本 159. satisfaction 满意 160. scholarship 奖学金 161. signal 信号 162. situation 情况，处境 163. standard 标准 164. style 风格 165. supply 供应 166. survive 幸存，生还 167. sympathy 同情 168. system 系统 169. talent 天赋，才能 170. target=goal 目标 171. technology 技术 172. theory 理论 173. thought 想法，思想 174. treatment 治疗；对待 175. threat 威胁 176. trade 交易，贸易 177. tragedy 悲剧 178. treasure 珍惜，宝藏 179. trouble 麻烦 180. vacation 假期 181. valuable 有价值的 182. vehicle 车辆 183. will 意志，决心 184. wisdom 智慧 03完形填空高频形容词153例 1.abandoned =deserted 废弃的 2.academic 学术的 3.acceptable 可接受的 4.accurate 准确的, 精确的 5.accustomed 习惯的 6.ambitious 有雄心的；有野心的 7.amused 愉快的, 顽皮的 8.annoying 令人恼怒的 9.annual 每年的 10.anxious 焦虑的 11.appropriate 合适的 12.artificial 人造的 13.ashamed 羞愧的 14.astonishing 令人吃惊的 15.attentive 注意的，周到的 16.attractive 有吸引力的 17.automatic 自动的 18.available 可得到的, 可利用的 19.awful 糟糕的 20.awkward 笨拙的；尴尬的；难应付的 21.be aware of 意识到 22.be fond of 喜欢 23.beneficial 有益的 24.bitter 苦涩的； 25.brilliant 杰出的，才华横溢的 26.cautious 小心的 27.clumsy 笨拙的 28.cautious 谨慎的, 小心的 29.competent 有能力的 30.comfortable 舒服的，舒适的 31.confident 自信的 32.complicated=complex 复杂的 33.confused 困惑的；不懂的 34.considerate 体贴的，考虑周到的 35.constant 连续的 36.countless 数不尽的 37.creative 有创造力的 38.critical 批评的；挑剔的 39.crowded 拥挤的 40.cruel 残忍的 41.cultural 文化的 42.curious 好奇的 43.dangerous 危险的 44.delighted 高兴的 45.demanding 要求高的 46.dependent 依赖的 47.desperate 绝望的 48.diligent 勤奋的 49.depressed 沮丧的，萧条的 50.disappointing 令人失望的 51.disabled 残疾的，丧失能力的 52.dull 单调的，无趣的 53.economic 经济的，合算的 54.effective 有效的 55.efficient 效率高的 56.elegant 优雅的 57.embarrassed 尴尬的 58.equally 平等地 59.essential 必不可少的 60.evident=obvious=clear 明显的 61.exhausted 筋疲力尽的 62.faint 头晕的 63.faithful 忠实的，忠诚的 64.fierce 激烈的 65.firm 坚定的，紧紧地；n.公司 66.flexible 灵活的 67.formal 正式的 68.frightened 害怕的 69.generous 慷慨的，大方的 70.giant 巨大的 71.grateful 感激的 72.guilty 内疚的，有罪的 73.honorable 值得尊敬的 74.imaginary 想象力丰富的 75.increasing 越来越多的 76.independent 独立的 77.inefficient 效率低的 78.innocent 无辜的，无罪的，天真的 79.inspiring 鼓舞人心的 80.intelligent 智能的，聪明 81.invisible 看不见的 82.limited 有限的 83.magical 魔力的 84.meaningful 有意义的 85.memorable 值得纪念的 86.negative 消极的，否定的 87.mature 成熟的 88.messy 乱的 89.moved=touched 感动的 90.nervous 紧张的 91.obvious 明显的 92.optimistic 乐观的 93.original 原始的，起初的 94.outstanding 出色的 95.pale 苍白的 96.patient 有耐心的 97.permanent 永久的 98.persistent 坚持不懈的 99.physical 身体的；物理的 100.plain 平的，朴素的，简单的 101.poisonous 有毒的 102.polite 有礼貌的 103.positive 积极的，乐观的 104.potential 潜在的 105.powerful 强大的，有力的 106.practical 实际的，实用的 107.precious 珍贵的 108.previous 先前的，早先的 109.private 私人的，私密的 110.profitable 有利可图的 111.promising 有前途的 112.properly 合理地 113.proud 自豪的 114.puzzled 感到迷惑的 115.random 随机的 116.regular 定期的；有规律的 117.relaxed 放松的 118.relatively 相对的，比较的 119.reluctant 勉强的，不愿意的 120.responsible 有责任的 121.ridiculous 滑稽的，可笑的 122.satisfied=content 满意的 123.scared 害怕的 124.similar 相似的 125.simple 简单的 126.sensitive 敏感的 127.spotless 无暇的 128.steady 稳定的 129.stubborn 固执的 130.sensitive 敏感的 131.separate 单独的，分开的 132.severe 严厉的 133.sincere 真诚的 134.smart 聪明的 135.spiritual 精神的，心灵的 136.steady 稳定的 137.straight 直接的 138.stressful 有压力的 139.suspicious 怀疑的 140.talented 有天赋的 141.thankfully 幸运地 142.tiresome 令人生厌的，无聊的 143.traditional 传统的 144.tough 难办的；艰难的 145.troublesome 令人讨厌的 146.typical 典型的 147.unbearable 不能忍受的 148.unfair 不公平的 149.unconscious 无意识的 150.unique 独一无二的 151.urgent 紧急的 1522.valuable 有价值的，贵重的 153.wealthy 富有的 04 完形填空高频副词38例 1.absolutely 绝对地 2.accidentally 意外地，偶然地 3.actually 事实上 4.basically 基本的 5.casually 偶然地；随意地 6.certainly 肯定地，当然 7.clearly 清楚地 8.completely=entirely = thoroughly完全地，彻底地 9.consequently 因此，所以 10.consistently 一贯地，一致地 11.correctly 正确地 12.definitely 明确地，肯定地 13.deliberately 故意地 14.eventually 最后 15.exactly 确切地；精确地；恰好 16.extremely 非常，极其 17.frequently 频繁地 18.generally 一般来说 19.immediately 立刻 20.instantly 立即地 21.largely 在很大程度上；多半 22.merely=only=simply 仅仅，只不过 23.obviously=apparently 明显地，显然地 24.occasionally 偶尔地 25.particularly 尤其，特别 26.probably 可能地 27.repeatedly 重复地 28.roughly 粗略地 29.similarly 相似地 30.slightly 轻微地 31.somehow 不知怎地 32.somewhat 稍微, 有点 33.temporarily 暂时地 34.sympathetically 同情地 35.undoubtedly 毫无疑问地 36.violently 激烈地，剧烈地 37.voluntarily 自愿地 38.willingly 愿意地 01 完形填空议论文解题步骤 02 完形填空议论文解题要领 1. 通览全文把握作者的观点和态度。 议论文往往体现作者对某一事物的观点，而作者的观点就是文章的论点。考生要把握作者的观点，把握作者对某一事物是褒还是贬，是赞成还是反对，而通常把握了作者的观点也就找准了文章的论点。把握文章的开头，总结文章的结尾。议论文的篇首或结尾出现话题中心，通过首段或末段把握文章的主题。 2. 试填注意段与段之间的逻辑。 议论文往往围绕某一个论点用不同的论据加以佐证，往往每一段就是一个论据，而论据和论据之间又相互联系、互为补充，每一段往往就是其中一个角度或侧面。 3. 复核疑问题目提高得分率。 通读全文，检验每条论据是否都合情合理，都能强而有力地支撑论点。 ( 完形填空 议论文 综合能力提升 ) 真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维 01 （2022浙江卷）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Small children are easy to throw up in the air and catch-and they 1 it. “Again, Daddy, again!” Jacky shouts as I throw him skywards and catch him on the way back down again. He throws his arms and legs out 2 he were flying, his eyes wide with 3 . His trust in me is 4 which is quite a nice feeling, but at the same time gives me a huge sense of 5 . I hope Jacky will always trust me fully, but I know that, as he gets 6 , it will need more effort and sound judgment 7 . Trust is such an important part of a 8 relationship that it’s something that can’t 9 to lose. Every time I 10 Jacky to something new, he’ll do it only because he trusts me and feels 11 in the knowledge that he won’t get hurt . 12 , teaching Jacky to swim means he has to 13 that, when he’s swimming in the big pool, I’ll come to his rescue if his doggy paddle lets him down. 14 in the workplace, trust is important for strong 15 . It is something that every manager should work hard to 16 among their team. If people don’t trust you, they’re unlikely to 17 your directions and willingly become a loyal (忠诚) team member. A 18 of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. At the very least, it means that people are not going to be 19 you their best. Good 20 , like good parenting, is a long-term commitment. 1. A. deserve B. miss C. love D. know 2. A. as if B. in case C. even though D. so that 3. A. fear B. excitement C. doubt D. astonishment 4. A. reasonable B. limited C. absolute D. important 5. A. relief B. satisfaction C. achievement D. responsibility 6. A. older B. busier C. quieter D. healthier 7. A. on my behalf B. on my part C. in my honor D. in my name 8. A. long-distance B. high-risk C. parent-child D. teacher-student 9. A. afford B. choose C. wait D. expect 10. A. attach B. compare C. adjust D. introduce 11. A. safe B. happy C. proud D. grateful 12. A. Above all B. In addition C. At first D. For example 13. A. admit B. believe C. suggest D. imagine 14. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Fortunately 15. A. affection B. determination C. friendship D. leadership 16. A. assess B. organize C. develop D. understand 17. A. repeat B. follow C. change D. forget 18. A. gesture B. measure C. bond D. lack 19. A. telling B. giving C. selling D. sending 20. A. management B. personality C. communication D. education 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。短文论述了信任的重要性。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住——而且他们喜欢这样做。A. deserve值得；B. miss错过；C. love爱；D. know知道。根据下文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子很喜欢被抛到空中并被抓住。故选C项。 2. 考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. as if 好像；B. in case以防；C. even though即使；D. so that以便。根据“he were flying”可知，本句为虚拟语气，好像在飞。故选A项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飞，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。A. fear害怕；B. excitement兴奋；C. doubt怀疑；D. astonishment惊讶。根据上文“He throws his arms and legs out 　　　2　　 he were flying,”可知，他的眼睛因为兴奋睁得大大的。故选B项。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. reasonable合理的；B. limited有限的；C. absolute完全的，绝对的；D. important重要的。根据上文“Again, Daddy, again!”可知，孩子要求一次次被仍向空中，由此可知，他对父亲是完全信任的。故选C项。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对我的信任是绝对的，这是一种很好的感觉，但同时也给了我巨大的责任感。A. relief宽慰；B. satisfaction满意；C. achievement成就；D. responsibility责任。结合语境，此处指孩子对父亲的信任也成为了父亲的责任，即他有让孩子信任自己的责任。故选D项。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. older年龄较大的；B. busier较为忙的；C. quieter较安静的；D. healthier较健康的。根据下文“it will need more effort and sound judgment___7___”可知，随着他长大，这需要作者付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选A项。 7. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：我希望杰基能永远完全信任我，但我知道，随着他长大，这需要我付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。A. on my behalf代表我；B. on my part就我来说；C. in my honor以我的名誉；D. in my name以我的名义。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以需要“我”付出更多努力和做出正确的判断。故选B项。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. long-distance长途的；B. high-risk高风险的；C. parent-child父母子女的；D. teacher-student师生的。本段在探讨作者与儿子之间的关系，所以是一中亲子关系。故选C项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：信任是亲子关系中非常重要的一部分，它是一种不能失去的东西。A. afford支付得起；B. choose选择；C. wait等待；D. expect期望。根据上文“Trust is such an important part of a __8___ relationship”可知，它是一种不能失去的东西。afford to do sth“能够做某事”。故选A项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。 A. attach贴上；B. compare对比；C. adjust调整； D. introduce介绍。根据下文“to something new”可知，作者介绍给儿子新的东西。故选D项。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我给杰克介绍新东西，他都会去做，只是因为他相信我，觉得安全，因为他知道自己不会受伤。A. safe安全的；B. happy快乐的；C. proud自豪的； D. grateful感激的。根据上文“he trusts me”可知，只是因为他相信作者，觉得安全。故选A项。 12. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. Above all首先重要的是；B. In addition除此之外；C. At first首先；D. For example例如。根据下文“teaching Jacky to swim means he has to ___13____ ”可知，作者在举例子。故选D项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，我能去救他。A. admit承认；B. believe相信；C. suggest建议；D. imagine想象。根据上文“because he trusts me”可知，教杰克游泳意味着他必须相信当他在大泳池里游泳时，如果他溺水，作者能去救他。这是父子信任的一个很好的例子。故选B项。 14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Similarly相似地；D. Fortunately幸运地。作者从父子之间的信任转移到职场，所以同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选C项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同样，在工作场所，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。A. affection感情；B. determination决定；C. friendship友谊；D. leadership领导力。根据下文“It is something that every manager”可知，信任对于强大的领导力也很重要。故选D项。 16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是每个管理者都应该努力在团队中培养的品质。A. assess评估；B. organize组织；C. develop发展，培养；D. understand理解。根据常识可知，信任需要培养。故选C项。 17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示，并不愿意成为忠诚的团队成员。A. repeat重复；B. follow跟随；C. change改变； D. forget忘记。根据上文“If people don’t trust you”可知，人们不信任你，他们就不太可能听从你的指示。故选B项。 18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。A. gesture姿势；B. measure测量；C. bond纽带；D. lack缺少。根据下文“make people work against you rather than for you”可知，缺乏信任会让人们与你作对。故选D项。 19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这意味着人们不会给你最好的回应。A. telling告诉；B. giving给；C. selling卖；D. sending发送。其他人不信任你，所以不会给你最好的回应。故选B项。 20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：好的管理，就像好的育儿一样，是一种长期的承诺。A. management管理；B. personality个性；C. communication交流；D. education教育。根据上文“in the workplace”以及“manager”客户，作者在说管理。故选A项。 02 （2012江苏卷）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail, social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 36 . Solitude can be hard to discover 37 it has been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 38 our culture. The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a(n) 39 as we’ve known it. People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they’d rather not be. Today we can talk, text, e-mail, chat and blog (写博客), not only from our 42 , but from our mobile phones as well. Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because they’ve grown accustomed to it, and at this point not 44 it would make them an outsider. 45 , many jobs and careers require people to be 46 . From this point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 47 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 48 wants it. Computers can be shut 49 and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be “connected”and “ on”has many 50 , as well as disadvantages. Travelers have ended up 51 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people feel 52 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 53 to unwanted texts. Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 54 across generations. Some find today’s technology a gift. Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone’s view on the subject, it’s hard to imagine what life would be like 55 daily advancements in technology. 1. A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected 2. A. though B. until C. once D. before 3. A. respected B. shaped C. ignored D. preserved 4. A. edge B. stage C. end D. balance 5. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. considerate D. reachable 6. A. even if B. only if C. as if D. if only 7. A. media B. computers C. databases D. monitors 8. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent 9. A. finding B. using C. protecting D. changing 10. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow 11. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. interested 12. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burden D. disappointment 13. A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really 14. A. out B. down C. up D. in 15. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions 16. A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted 17. A. trapped B. excited C. confused D. amused 18. A. turn B. submit C. object D. reply 19. A. vary B. arise C. spread D. exist 20. A. beyond B. within C. despite D. without 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. D 【分析】这是一篇议论文。独处理念在当今数码世界几乎不复存在，新技术使我们连接成了一个社会，并塑造了我们的文化。能够被连接在一起既有优势也有弊端。不管人们对这一话题持何种态度，如果没有日常技术进步，很难想象生活会是什么样子。 1. 考查动词。根据上一句可知，独处理念在数码世界几乎不存在，因此信息的意义在于分享。update“更新”；receive“接收”；share“分享”；collect“收集”。 2. 考查连词。句意：“独处一旦被放弃就很难发现。”though“尽管”，表让步；until“直到”，表时间；once“一旦”，表条件；before“在……之前”，表时间。 3. 考查动词。句意：“从这方面来说，新技术塑造了我们的文化。”respect“尊重”；shape“塑造”（跟46空后changed一致）；ignore“忽视”；preserve“保存”。 4. 考查名词。句意：“被联系的渴望使独处消亡。”edge“边缘”；stage“舞台，阶段”；end“结束”，bring an end to“使……结束”；balance“平衡”。 5. 考查形容词。句意“在网络交织的世界里，人们已经变得如此随处可及。”sensitive“敏感的”；intelligent“有才智的”；considerate“体贴的”；reachable“可到达的”。 6. 考查连词。句意：“即使他们不情愿也能经常被联系上。”even if“即使”，表让步；only if“只要，只有”，表条件；as if“似乎，好像”，表方式；if only“要是….就好了”，表虚拟。 7. 考查名词。句意：“今天，我们不仅可以通过电脑，也可以通过手机谈话，编辑短信，发邮件，聊天和写博客。”media“媒体”（包括手机，种属矛盾）；computer“电脑”（与手机并列）；database“数据库”；monitor“监视器”。 8. 考查形容词。句意：“大多数发达国家已经依赖于数码技术，仅仅因为习惯于此。”be bent on“热衷于，专心致志于……”；be hard on“对……苛刻”；be keen on“热衷于，喜欢……”be dependent on“对……依赖”。 9. 考查动名词。句意：“这个时候，不使用数码技术将会使他们成为局外人。”find“发现”；use“使用”；protect“保护”；change“保护”。 10. 考查副词。句意：“而且，许多工作和职业需要人们联系在一起。”also“而且”；instead“相反”；otherwise“否则”；somehow“不知何故，不知怎地”。 11. 考查动词。句意同上。connect“连接，联系”；train“训练”；recommend“推荐”；interest“使感兴趣”。 12. 考查名词。句意：“对那些可能不想总是能够被联系上的人来说，随处可及可能感觉像个负担”。pleasure“乐事”；benefit“益事”；burden“负担”；disappointment“令人失望的事”。 13. 考查副词。句意：“我认为，积极的一面是—对任何真的想要独处的人来说仍然是可能的。”slightly“稍微低”；hardly“几乎不”；merely“仅仅”；really“真正地”。 14. 考查副词。句意：“电脑可以被关机，手机也是。”shut out“把......关在外面”shut down“关闭”（与该空后turn off一致）；shut up“使闭嘴”；shut in“围住” 15. 考查名词。句意：“能够被联系上既有优势也有弊端”。aspect“方面”；weakness“弱点”；advantage“优势”（与该空后disadvantage相对）；exception“例外”。 16. 考查分词。句意“旅行者最后迷失在大山上，手机挽救了无数的生命。”hidden“藏起来”；lost“迷路”；relaxed“放松的”；deserted“被遗弃，空无一人的”。end up done/adj/doing“以……告终（为结局）”。 17. 考查分词。句意：“手机也会使人们感到受限制……”trapped“被困的，受限制的”；excited“激动兴奋的”；confused“困惑的”；amused“愉快的，开心的”。 18. 考查名词。句意：“……被迫接骚扰电话，回复骚扰短信。”turn to“转向”；submit to“屈从于”；object to“反对”；reply to“回复”。 19. 考查动词。句意：“对于我们被连接成一个社会，不同代的人态度不一。”vary“变化，呈多样化”；arise“（问题）出现”；spread“散步，蔓延”；exist“存在”。 20. 考查介词。句意：“不管人们对这一话题持何种态度，如果没有日常技术进步，很难想象生活会是什么样子。”beyond“超出”；within“在……范围内”；despite“尽管”；without“没有”。 03（2014广东卷）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket. The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7 than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s 9 . On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions. Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 1. A. natural B. strong C. guilty D. similar 2. A. interest B. argument C. link D. knowledge 3. A. noisy B. crowded C. messy D. locked 4. A. homework B. housework C. problem D. research 5. A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing 6. A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes 7. A. complex B. popular C. scientific D. successful 8. A. later B. deliberately C. seldom D. thoroughly 9. A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature 10. A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrills 11. A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider 12. A. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trust 13. A. reply B. attend C. attach D. talk 14. A. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stop 15. A. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. A 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了家长和孩子如何相处的问题。一味的责备会使得亲情疏远。父母也应该倾听孩子的心里话。沟通是一个双向的过程。做一个聪明的善解人意的家长更受孩子的欢迎。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父母觉得很难与青少年生活。同样，青少年对父母也有类似的感觉，他们说和父母住在一起并不容易。A. natural自然的；B. strong强壮的；C. guilty犯罪的；D. similar相似的。根据空前、空后的提示可知，父母和孩子有着相似的感觉。故选D。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据最近的一项研究，父母与青少年之间的最常见的争吵是关于邋遢和每日的例行任务。A. interest兴趣；B. argument争论，争吵；C. link联系；D. knowledge知识。根据下文可知，因为父母不满意孩子不能保持自己房间的干净、整齐、卫生而发生争吵。故选B。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一方面，父母会因为凌乱的房间，扔在地板上的衣服和他们的孩子拒绝帮助做家务而发疯。A. noisy喧闹的；B. crowded拥挤的；C. messy杂乱的；D. locked上锁的。根据下文“clothes thrown on the floor”可知，此处指凌乱的房间。故选C。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一方面，父母会因为凌乱的房间，扔在地板上的衣服和他们的孩子拒绝帮助做家务而发疯。A. homework作业；B. housework家务；C. problem难题；D. research研究，调查。根据语境可知，此处指孩子们拒绝做家务。故选B。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一方面，当父母责备他们把毛巾丢在浴室里，没有打扫房间，或者拒绝在超市购物时，青少年会不断地失去耐心。A. washing洗；B. using 使用；C. dropping落下；D. replacing更换，替代。根据下文“in the bathroom”可知，此处指毛巾扔进浴室，drop the towel“把毛巾掉在地上”。故选C。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：圣乔治大学的研究表明不同的父母对这些问题有不同的方法。A. approaches方法，途径；B. contributions 贡献；C. introductions介绍，入门；D. attitudes态度，看法。根据下文“However, some approaches are more 　7　　than others.”可知，此处指不同的方法。故选A。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一些方法比其他人的更成功。A. complex复杂的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. scientific科学的；D. successful成功的。根据下文可知，接下来列举了一些成功的父母的做法。故选D。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些对孩子的不整洁大吼大叫，但后来却为他们打扫房间的父母，很少有机会改变孩子的行为。A. later后来；B. deliberately故意地；C. seldom很少；D. thoroughly彻底。这样的父母我们生活中不少见。故选A。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，那些对孩子的不整洁大吼大叫，但后来却为他们打扫房间的父母，很少有机会改变孩子的行为。A. behavior行为；B. taste味道；C. future未来；D. nature自然。孩子不改变行为是因为父母责备了他们，然后又帮他们收拾使孩子认为被批评了就可以不做了，自然行为得不到改变。故选A。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据后面可知，与此相反，那些让青少年体验他们的行为的结果的父母可以做得更好。A. failures失败；B. changes变化；C. consequences结果；D. thrills兴奋，震颤。根据下文“For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to ___11___ their actions.”可知，此处指让青少年体验他们的行为的结果。故选C。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，当青少年不购物帮助他们的父母购物时，他们在冰箱里就找不到他们最喜爱的饮料，这样他们就被迫重新考虑他们的行动。A. defend防御；B. delay耽搁；C. repeat重复；D. reconsider重新考虑。根据语境和词的意义可知，此处指青少年被迫重新考虑他们的行动。故选D。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家说交流是家长和孩子关系中最重要的事。A. communication交流；B. bond结合；C. friendship友谊；D. trust信任。有沟通才会消除隔阂和误解。故选A。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母应和子女交谈 ，但同时也应该听一听他们要说什么。A. reply回答；B. attend参加；C. attach附加，系；D. talk谈论。根据下文“at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say”可知，此处是talk to“和……交流”。故选D。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母责备他们的孩子当他们的房间凌乱时，但他们也应该明白他们的房间是他们自己的私人空间。A. hate讨厌；B. scold责备；C. frighten 吓唬；D. stop停止。代入四个词分析，只有B符合语境。故选B。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：沟通是一个双向的过程。它只有通过倾听和理解对方，父母与子女之间的问题才可以得到解决。A. loving爱；B. observing观察；C. understanding理解；D. praising表扬。代入四个词分析，C更符合语境。故选C。 04（2011广东卷）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The 1 is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的)growth by   2 situations that are designed for the   3 children.There can be little doubt that 4 classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these   5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems. I observed a number of 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a   7 class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying   8 on their teachers’ directions. In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect   9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program. Many are concerned that gifted children become   10 and lose interest in learning. However, this   11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these   12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are   13 . Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they   14 so goes far beyond the work they have in school. Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. The gifted child who is bored is an   15 child. 1. A. principle B. theory C. argument D. classification 2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living 3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average 4. A. regular B. special C. small D. creative 5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs 6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent 7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring 8. A. specially B. slightly C. wrongly D. heavily 9. A. directly B. cleverly C. voluntarily D. quickly 10. A. doubted B. bored C. worried D. tired 11. A. concern B. conclusion C. reflection D. interest 12. A. students B. adults C. scholars D. teachers 13. A. talented B. worried C. learned D. interested 14. A. believe B. think C. say D. feel 15. A. outstanding B. intelligent C. anxious D. ordinary 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】这是一篇议论文。大部分人都认为天赋异禀的孩子应该被分到特殊班级。但是作者认为一些聪明孩子被放在普通班级反而能让他们更好地主动学习。 1. 考查名词辨析。句意：该论点基于这样一种信念，即在常规课堂上，这些孩子会因为为普通孩子设计的学习情境而阻碍他们的智力发展。A.principle原则；B.theory理论；C.argument论点；D.classification分类。“gifted children should be grouped in special classes”（天赋异禀的孩子应该被分到特殊班级）是一种论点。故选C。 2. 考查动词辨析。句意：该论点基于这样一种信念，即在常规课堂上，这些孩子会因为为普通孩子设计的学习情境而阻碍他们的智力发展。A.designing设计；B.grouping分组；C.learning学习；D.living生活。根据“in regular classes”可知，此处是指学习情境。故选C。 3. 考查形容词辨析。句意：该论点基于这样一种信念，即在常规课堂上，这些孩子会因为为普通孩子设计的学习情境而阻碍他们的智力发展。A.smart聪明的；B.curious好奇的；C.mature成熟的；D.average普通的。根据“in regular classes”可知，此处是指为普通孩子设计的常规课堂的学习情境。故选D。 4. 考查形容词辨析。句意：毫无疑问，特殊班可以帮助天才儿童更早毕业，更快地在生活中占据一席之地。A.regular常规的；B.special特殊的；C.small小的；D.creative创造性的。根据后文“can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner”可知，此处是指特殊班可以帮助天才儿童更早毕业，更快地在生活中占据一席之地。故选B。 5. 考查名词辨析。句意：然而，把这些孩子带出常规课堂可能会产生严重的问题。A.children孩子；B.programs节目；C.graduates毕业生；D.designs设计。根据“out of the regular classes”可知，此处是指把这些孩子带出常规课堂。故选A。 6. 考查形容词辨析。句意：我观察了一些聪明的孩子，他们被从一个特殊的班级里带出来，放到一个正常的班级里。A.intelligent聪明的；B.competent有本领的；C.ordinary一般的；D.independent独立的。根据“who were taken out of a special class”可知，这些是原本在特殊班级里的聪明孩子。故选A。 7. 考查形容词辨析。句意：我观察了一些聪明的孩子，他们被从一个特殊的班级里带出来，放到一个正常的班级里。A.separate分开的；B.regular正常的；C.new新的；D.boring无聊的。根据“In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up”（在正常的课堂上，不用担心跟不上）可知，此处是指把一些聪明的孩子从一个特殊的班级里带出来放到一个正常的班级里。故选B。 8. 考查副词辨析。句意：在特别课上，他们表现出很少使用自己的判断能力，严重依赖于老师的指导。A.specially特殊地；B.slightly轻微地；C.wrongly错误地；D.heavily严重地。根据“they showed little ability to use their own judgment”可知，此处是指严重依赖于老师的指导。故选D。 9. 考查副词辨析。句意：在常规的课堂上，他们不用担心跟不上，就开始主动反思许多问题，其中一些问题是学校计划之外的。A.directly直接地；B.cleverly聪明地；C.voluntarily主动地；D.quickly快速地。根据“some of which were not on the school program”可知，此处是指学生们会主动反思许多问题，包括学校计划之外的。故选C。 10. 考查形容词辨析。句意：许多人担心天才儿童会变得厌倦，对学习失去兴趣。A.doubted被怀疑的；B.bored厌倦的；C.worried担心的；D.tired疲倦的。根据“lose interest in learning”可知，此处是指许多人担心天才儿童会变得厌倦。故选B。 11. 考查名词辨析。句意：然而，这种担忧更多的是来自家长和老师，而不是学生。一些成年人简单地得出结论，应该为那些有天赋的人设立特殊的班级。A.concern担忧；B.conclusion结论；C.reflection反思；D.interest兴趣。根据指示词this可知，此处是指前文“Many are concerned that gifted children become bored and lose interest in learning. ”提到的担忧。故选A。 12. 考查名词辨析。句意：然而，这种担忧更多的是来自家长和老师，而不是学生。一些成年人简单地得出结论，应该为那些有天赋的人设立特殊的班级。A.students学生；B.adults成年人；C.scholars学者；D.teachers老师。根据these可知，此处是指前文中提到的“parents and teachers”，他们是成年人。故选B。 13. 考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，这种担忧更多的是来自家长和老师，而不是学生。一些成年人简单地得出结论，应该为那些有天赋的人设立特殊的班级。A.talented有天赋的； B.worried担心的；C.learned博学的；D.interested有兴趣的。根据“special classes”可知，此处是指为那些有天赋的人设立特殊的班级。故选A。 14. 考查动词辨析。句意：一些优等生确实在课堂上感到无聊，但他们为什么感到如此无聊，远远不止因为他们在学校的学业。A.believe相信；B.think认为；C.say说；D.feel感觉。so是指前文提到的bored，所以此处是指感到无聊。故选D。 15. 考查形容词辨析。句意：感到无聊的天才孩子是一个焦虑的孩子。A.outstanding杰出的；B.intelligent聪明的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.ordinary一般的。根据“Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious. ”（研究表明，无聊就是焦虑。）可知，感到无聊的天才孩子是一个焦虑的孩子。故选C。 模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考 01（25-26高二上·云南昭通·阶段练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Before it was proven that the earth was round, it was a well-known “fact” that it was 1 . This “fact” was so 2 accepted that no one dared test it, because they thought if they did sail out beyond the horizon they would fall off the edge. 3 , because they believed it couldn’t be done, it wasn’t done. That is, until Columbus 4 common knowledge and asked “what if?”, this question literally expanded the 5 of his country, altered history, and changed the 6 reality forever. In spite of our 7 to think of reality as the undoubted basis of our experience, the definition of 8 changes every time someone pushes the boundary conditions of traditional 9 . When our view of reality changes, our 10 changes with it, based on 11 is newly considered possible. When Columbus returned from the New World, a revised world map was 12 and this began a new era of exploration and adventure. Examples of the impossible being made possible can be found throughout history. When Chuck Yeager flew the X-1, he destroyed the myth that there was such a thing as a sound barrier. His training and talent, 13 with the new technology of the day, not only enabled him to go 14 the speed of sound, but strengthened the fact that even so-called technological barriers can be 15 as well. 1. A. rough B. smooth C. hard D. flat 2. A. generously B. rarely C. widely D. brilliantly 3. A. In other words B. In addition C. On the move D. For instance 4. A. prohibited B. questioned C. declared D. demonstrated 5. A. absence B. capacity C. prospect D. boundary 6. A. obtained B. accepted C. adjusted D. clarified 7. A. accuracy B. strategy C. tendency D. efficiency 8. A. proof B. reality C. origin D. fantasy 9. A. wisdom B. custom C. costume D. festival 10. A. behavior B. theory C. experience D. achievement 11. A. who B. which C. what D. it 12. A. let down B. put down C. switched off D. drawn up 13. A. concerned B. combined C. covered D. loaded 14. A. beyond B. through C. over D. down 15. A. admitted B. commanded C. overcome D. ignored 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了传统观念中认为不可能的事情在有人挑战后成为可能，并改变了现实。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在地球是圆的被证明之前，它是一个被广泛接受的“事实”，即它是平的。A. rough粗糙的；B. smooth光滑的；C. hard坚硬的；D. flat平的。根据上文“Before it was proven that the earth was round, it was a well-known “fact” that it was”和下文“they would fall off the edge”可知，在“地球是圆的”被证实前，人们普遍认为地球是 “平的”，且后文描述从边缘掉下去，也暗示地球是平的，flat符合这一历史认知。故选D。 2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一“事实”是如此深入人心，以至于无人敢去验证，因为他们认为如果他们航行到地平线之外，就会从边缘掉下去。A. generously慷慨地；B. rarely很少地；C. widely广泛地；D. brilliantly灿烂地。根据下文“no one dared test it”可知，这个观念深入人心。故选C。 3. 考查短语辨析。句意：换句话说，因为他们认为这是不可能做到的，所以就没有去做。A. In other words换句话说；B. In addition此外；C. On the move在移动中；D. For instance例如。根据上文“accepted that no one dared test it, because they thought if they did sail out beyond the horizon they would fall off the edge.”和下文“because they believed it couldn’t be done, it wasn’t done”可知，人们因为传统观念不敢去验证地球是不是平的，这里进一步解释，即换句话说，他们认为做不到所以就没做。故选A。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到哥伦布质疑了这种普遍认知，并提出 “如果（地球不是平的）会怎样？” 这个问题——这个问题实际上拓展了他国家的疆域，改变了历史，并永远改变了人们所接受的现实。A. prohibited禁止；B. questioned质疑；C. declared宣布；D. demonstrated演示。根据上文“common knowledge and asked “what if?””可知，哥伦布质疑了常识。故选B。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. absence缺席；B. capacity能力；C. prospect前景；D. boundary边界。根据上文“expanded”和下文“When our view of reality changes”结合常识可知，哥伦布航海发现新大陆，这里指扩展了国家的边界。故选D。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. obtained获得；B. accepted接受；C. adjusted调整；D. clarified澄清。根据上文“Before it was proven that the earth was round, it was a well-known “fact””、“changed”和下文“reality forever”可知，人们认为地球是平的，到哥伦布航海发现新大陆改变了人们的看法，可知这里指改变了公认的现实。故选B。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们倾向于将现实视为我们经验中无可置疑的基础，但每当有人挑战传统智慧的边界条件时，现实的定义就会改变。A. accuracy准确性；B. strategy策略；C. tendency倾向；D. efficiency效率。根据下文“to think of reality as the undoubted basis of our experience”可知，这是人们的一种倾向。故选C。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. proof证据；B. reality现实；C. origin起源；D. fantasy幻想。根据上文“changed the 6 reality forever”和下文“changes”、“When our view of reality changes”可知，这里指现实的定义会改变。故选B。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wisdom智慧；B. custom习俗；C. costume服装；D. festival节日。根据上文“That is, until Columbus 　4　 common knowledge and asked “what if? ””可知，这里指挑战传统智慧。故选A。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的现实观发生变化时，我们的行为也会随之改变，这是基于新被认为可能的事物。A. behavior行为；B. theory理论；C. experience经验；D. achievement成就。根据后文“When Columbus returned from the New World, a revised world map was 12　 and this began a new era of exploration and adventure.”可知，哥伦布的发现（认知改变）带来了“探索和冒险”的行动（行为改变），behavior“行为”符合“认知影响行动”的逻辑。故选A。 11. 考查宾语从句。句意同上。A. who谁；B. which哪一个；C. what什么；D. it它。本空引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事物，所以用连接代词what引导。故选C。 12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当哥伦布从新大陆回来时，一张修订后的世界地图被绘制出来，这开始了探索和冒险的新时代。A. let down使失望；B. put down放下；C. switched off关闭；D. drawn up起草，绘制。根据上文“a revised world map”可知，这里指绘制地图。故选D。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的训练和天赋，加上当时的新技术，不仅使他能够超过音速，而且也证实了即使是所谓的技术障碍也可以被克服。A. concerned关心；B. combined结合；C. covered覆盖；D. loaded装载。根据上文“His training and talent”以及下文“with the new technology of the day”可知，这里指训练和天赋与新技术结合。故选B。 14. 考查介词词义辨析。句意同上。A. beyond超出；B. through通过；C. over在……上方；D. down向下。根据上文“he destroyed the myth that there was such a thing as a sound barrier”和下文“the speed of sound”可知，查克・耶格尔的飞行速度“超越”了音速。故选A。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. admitted承认；B. commanded命令；C. overcome克服；D. ignored忽视。根据上文“he destroyed the myth that there was such a thing as a sound barrier”可知，这里指技术障碍也可以被克服。故选C。 02（25-26高二上·福建·期中）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。     Although most flyers (传单) have gone the way of tape recordings, there’s still the 1 one that shows up at our door. 2 , they go straight to the recycling bin — unless there are small children and a page with toys catches their eyes. They are 3 by it. They tend to feel forced to read it over and over again. But that’s not 4 . Now there’s a whole list of toys they can’t live without. Before they saw this page, they were 5 . There was nothing they needed. They had 6 puzzles, books, and games to keep them satisfied for hours. Not to mention the outdoor 7 . Now, they need this toy. They’ll be miserable 8 they have it. After calming down the kids and giving some firm no’s, it’s time to 9 the experience. Aren’t we all like those children? We’re mostly fine until we run into a situation where our desires are 10 . This could be a trip to the mall or a view of someone’s vacation pictures on WeChat. There are new things or experiences we 11 ! We’ll be so miserable without them. We are all 12 affected. And that’s thought-provoking. Recognizing our weakness and the source of the temptation (诱惑) is a big first step towards 13 it. We can begin by steeling ourselves against the sources — 14 social media, avoiding the mall… And even under those circumstances that can’t be avoided, we can repeat to ourselves the wisdom, “Who is the rich person? The one who is 15 with his life.” 1. A. original B. occasional C. important D. inspiring 2. A. In order B. In general C. Now and then D. More or less 3. A. ignored B. puzzled C. prohibited D. attracted 4. A. within its reach B. a piece of cake C. the worst of it D. as plain as day 5. A. content B. curious C. innocent D. unsettled 6. A. all B. limited C. enough D. extra 7. A. options B. agency C. education D. areas 8. A. if B. because C. until D. though 9. A. meet with B. bring up C. work out D. reflect on 10. A. excited B. admitted C. controlled D. expressed 11. A. need B. obtain C. possess D. share 12. A. secretly B. directly C. barely D. easily 13. A. understanding B. conquering C. investigating D. building 14. A. making time forB. looking forward to C. staying away from D. taking advantage of 15. A. familiar B. satisfied C. busy D. concerned 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过讲述我们会被传单所吸引而进行购物，来说明我们很容易受到外界的影响和诱惑，要想克服这些，应该远离这些资源或对现有生活保持满足的态度。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然大多数的传单已经像磁带录音一样消失了，但偶尔还是会有传单出现在我们家门口。A. original最初的；B. occasional偶尔的；C. important重要的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据上文“Although most flyers (传单) have gone the way of tape recordings”可知，上下文是转折关系，虽然大多数传单消失了，但是偶尔还是会有传单出现在家门口，故选B。 2. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：一般来说，它们会直接去回收箱——除非有小孩，或者有一页玩具吸引了他们的眼球。A. In order按次序的；B. In general一般来说；C. Now and then有时；D. More or less几乎，差不多。根据下文“unless there are small children and a page with toys catches their eyes.”可知，这是特殊情况，所以推测上文是通常情况，传单都进入了回收箱，故选B。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被它所吸引。A. ignored忽视；B. puzzled使迷糊；C. prohibited禁止；D. attracted吸引。根据下文“They tend to feel forced to read it over and over again.(他们往往会感到不得不一遍又一遍地去阅读它)”可知，此处是他们会被传单吸引，故选D。 4. 考查固定短语辨析。句意：但这还不是最糟糕的。A. within its reach触手可及；B. a piece of cake举手之劳；C. the worst of it最糟糕的；D. as plain as day显而易见。根据下文“Now there’s a whole list of toys they can’t live without.(现在他们拥有了许多不可或缺的玩具)”可推知，上文还不是最糟糕的，而糟糕的是现在的清单上都是他们离不开的玩具，故选C。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们看到这个页面之前，他们很满足。A. content满足的；B. curious好奇的；C. innocent无辜的；D. unsettled不稳定的。根据下文“There was nothing they needed.”可知，他们什么也不需要，所以应该是很满足，故选A。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们有足够的谜题、书籍和游戏让他们满足好几个小时。A. all全部的；B. limited有限的；C. enough足够的；D. extra额外的。根据上文“There was nothing they needed.”可知，他们什么也不需要是因为有足够的东西能满足他们几个小时，故选C。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更不用说户外的选择了。A. options选择；B. agency代理机构；C. education教育；D. areas区域。根据上文“They had ____6____ puzzles, books, and games to keep them satisfied for hours.”可知，有足够的东西能满足他们，所以更不会去户外了，故选A。 8. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：在得到它之前，他们会很痛苦。A. if如果；B. because因为；C. until直到；D. though尽管。根据上文“Now, they need this toy.”可知，直到拥有这个玩具之前他们都会很痛苦，故选C。 9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在让孩子们冷静下来并给出一些坚决的拒绝之后，是时候反思这次经历了。A. meet with碰到；B. bring up养育；C. work out计算出；D. reflect on反思。根据下文“Aren’t we all like those children? We’re mostly fine until we run into a situation where our desires are ____10____.”可知，此处是在反思这次经历，故选D。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数情况下我们都很好，直到我们的欲望被激发。A. excited激起；B. admitted承认；C. controlled控制；D. expressed表达。根据下文“This could be a trip to the mall or a view of someone’s vacation pictures on WeChat.”可知，我们的欲望被激发，才会想去购物，或者去度假，故选A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们需要新的事物或经历！A. need需要；B. obtain获得；C. possess拥有；D. share分享。根据下文“We’ll be so miserable without them.”可知，没有新的事物和经历会很痛苦，所以我们需要，故选A。 12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们都很容易受影响。A. secretly秘密地；B. directly直接地；C. barely仅仅；D. easily容易地。根据上文“Aren’t we all like those children? We’re mostly fine until we run into a situation where our desires are ____10____. This could be a trip to the mall or a view of someone’s vacation pictures on WeChat.”可知，我们很容易受到购物中心或者社交媒体的影响，故选D。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：认识到我们的弱点和诱惑的来源是征服它的第一步。A. understanding理解；B. conquering征服；C. investigating调查；D. building建立。根据下文“Recognizing our weakness and the source of the temptation (诱惑)”可知，我们要想摆脱那些诱惑，克服那些想要购物的欲望，应该是先认识我们的弱点和诱惑，故选B。 14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们可以从磨练自己来对抗这些来源开始——远离社交媒体，避开购物中心……A. making time for腾出时间；B. looking forward to期盼；C. staying away from远离；D. taking advantage of利用。根据上文“We can begin by steeling ourselves against the sources”可知，我们要想不受那些诱惑影响，应该远离那些资源，故选C。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在这些无法避免的情况下，我们也可以对自己重复这样的智慧：“谁是富人？就是对自己的生活感到满意的人。”A. familiar熟悉的；B. satisfied满意的；C. busy繁忙的；D. concerned关注的。根据上文“And even under those circumstances that can’t be avoided, we can repeat to ourselves the wisdom, “Who is the rich person?”以及前文可知，我们克服这些购物的欲望，我们才能成为富人，也就是对现在生活满意的人，故选B。 03（2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In Robert M. Pirsig’s 1974 book, Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance, the author describes a device he calls “the old South Indian Monkey Trap.” It 1 a hollowed-out coconut (椰子) with some rice inside, chained to a stake (桩). The coconut has a hole in the top just large enough for a monkey to 2 its hand but not big enough to remove a handful of rice. While villagers watched from a distance, Pirsig writes, a hungry monkey would reach in and become trapped, unable or unwilling to give up its handful in 3 for its freedom. The villagers could then walk right up and take the monkey away. Before you say anything about the dumb monkey, ask yourself whether you are doing more or less the same thing when it comes to 4 in your life. Perhaps you want to 5 with an estranged (疏远的) friend but refuse to let go of an old dispute. If so, you are stuck in an emotional monkey trap. Sometimes, we give up the freedom we crave (渴望) even when we say we have forgiven others, whether because we still harbor anger deep down or because we are 6 offenses to use later against the people who have wronged us. To achieve greater happiness and freedom, we all need to 7 these sorts of partial forgiveness. The thing about talking through a problem or telling someone “I forgive you” is that it takes a lot of 8 and hurts your pride, and might mean giving up something you want. So sometimes, people try 9 that seem like good ways to resolve a dispute but do not work in the end. Researchers have written about conditional forgiveness, in which vindication (辩护) is put off and conditions are made(“I will forgive you when you do X and Y”), and pseudo-forgiveness, which happens when partners decide to 10 an issue without actually forgiving one another for it. Conditional forgiveness can provide what researchers call “emotional protection” — that is, a feeling of 11 — for the damaged partner, but can also keep a wound open. Pseudo-forgiveness can prolong an unhappy relationship because no actual forgiveness is taking place, which, the research shows, is a bad sign for a relationship’s 12 . In either case, partial forgiveness is a monkey trap — a handful of emotional rice chosen over freedom from anger and bitterness. Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance chronicles (按时间顺序记述) a 17-day trip from Minnesota to California on an old motorcycle. The book is full of rich metaphors (隐喻) like the monkey trap. But 13 , the whole story is a metaphor for life. In our brief journey through time, we might encounter every kind of problem. Some are mechanical issues, which 14 some knowledge of motorcycle maintenance to keep going. Many are unimportant. The rest are unsolvable, but you still do not want to let them ruin the trip for you and your passengers. In those cases, the solution is 15 : Just drive away, and leave them behind. 1. A. comes from B. consists of C. insists on D. makes up 2. A. clap B. insert C. rub D. wash 3. A. exchange B. preparation C. return D. search 4. A. conflicts B. dangers C. opportunities D. requests 5. A. associate B. compare C. react D. reconnect 6. A. coming up with B. holding on to C. keeping away from D. looking down upon 7. A. abandon B. accept C. acquire D. admire 8. A. courage B. effort C. practice D. trust 9. A. adventures B. memories C. shortcuts D. treatments 10. A. avoid B. expect C. highlight D. ignore 11. A. excitement B. guilt C. safety D. satisfaction 12. A. competition B. evolution C. possibility D. survival 13. A. by chance B. in demand C. in truth D. on earth 14. A. examine B. gather C. lack D. require 15. A. complex B. rare C. simple D. unique 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章借“猴子陷阱” 隐喻，指出人易因执念陷入情感困境，倡导放弃部分原谅，以简单方式摆脱执念，获得自由与幸福。 1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它由一个中空的椰子（里面有些米）和一根锁链固定的桩组成。A. comes from来自；B. consists of由……组成；C. insists on坚持；D. makes up组成（强调部分构成整体）。根据下文“a hollowed-out coconut (椰子) with some rice inside, chained to a stake (桩)”可知，这里是描述陷阱的组成部分，consists of符合语境。故选B项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：椰子顶部的洞刚好够猴子伸进手，但不足以让它拿出一把米。A. clap拍手；B. insert插入；C. rub摩擦；D. wash洗。根据上文“a hole in the top”及下文 “its hand”可知，这里指把手伸进洞里，insert符合语境。故选B项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：皮尔西格写道，当村民们在远处观望时，一只饥饿的猴子会伸手进去，然后被困住，无法或不愿为了换取自由而放弃手中的那一把米。A. exchange交换；B. preparation准备；C. return返回；D. search搜索。根据下文“for its freedom”以及语境可知，此处指用放弃米换取自由，in exchange for，表示“以……换取”，符合语境。故选A项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你说这只笨猴子之前，问问自己，当涉及到生活中的冲突时，你是否也在做或多或少相同的事情。A. conflicts冲突；B. dangers危险；C. opportunities机会；D. requests请求。根据下文“refuse to let go of an old dispute”可知，这里指生活中的冲突，conflicts符合语境。故选A项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许你想和一个疏远的朋友重新建立联系，但却拒绝放弃过去的争执。A. associate联系；B. compare比较；C. react反应；D. reconnect重新连接。根据下文“with an estranged friend”以及语境可知，这里指想和疏远的朋友重新建立联系，reconnect符合语境。故选D项。 6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时，即使我们说已经原谅了别人，我们还是放弃了渴望的自由，要么是因为内心深处仍有愤怒，要么是因为我们还保留着那些冒犯，以便日后用来对付伤害我们的人。A. coming up with提出；B. holding on to紧握、保留；C. keeping away from远离；D. looking down upon看不起。根据下文“offenses to use later”以及语境可知，这里指保留着那些冒犯用来对付伤害我们的人，holding on to符合语境。故选B项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了获得更大的幸福和自由，我们都需要放弃这种部分的原谅。A. abandon放弃；B. accept接受；C. acquire获得；D. admire钦佩。根据下文“these sorts of partial forgiveness”以及前文提到的部分原谅会让人陷入困境可知，这里指这种原谅需要被放弃，abandon符合语境。故选A项。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：谈论一个问题或者对别人说“我原谅你”这件事，需要很大的努力，还会伤害你的自尊心，而且可能意味着要放弃你想要的东西。A. courage勇气；B. effort努力；C. practice练习；D. trust信任。根据上文“talking through a problem or telling someone “I forgive you””以及语境可知，“谈论问题”和“说原谅”是需要付出精力去做的事，effort能体现这种付出，符合句意。故选B项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以有时候，人们会尝试一些看似能解决争端但最终行不通的捷径。A. adventures冒险；B. memories记忆；C. shortcuts捷径；D. treatments治疗。根据下文 “seem like good ways to resolve a dispute but do not work in the end”可知，这里指看似有用的解决争端的捷径，而实际却没用，shortcuts符合语境。故选C项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员提到了有条件的原谅，即推迟辩护并设定条件（“当你做了X和Y，我就原谅你”），以及伪原谅，即伴侣决定忽略一个问题，而实际上并没有彼此原谅。A. avoid避免；B. expect期待；C. highlight强调；D. ignore忽略。根据下文“an issue without actually forgiving one another for it”以及语境可知，伪原谅是表面上忽略问题，而实际却没有，ignore符合语境。故选D项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有条件的原谅可以为受伤害的一方提供研究人员所说的“情感保护”——也就是安全感，但也可能让伤口一直无法愈合。A. excitement兴奋；B. guilt内疚；C. safety安全；D. satisfaction满意。根据上文“emotional protection”以及语境可知，情感保护带来的是安全感，safety符合语境。故选C项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，伪原谅会延长不幸福的关系，因为实际上并没有发生真正的原谅，这对一段关系的存续来说是个坏兆头。A. competition竞争；B. evolution进化；C. possibility可能性；D. survival幸存、存续。根据上文“no actual forgiveness is taking place”以及语境可知，关系中没有真正原谅不利于其存续，survival符合语境。故选D项。 13. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：但事实上，整个故事都是生活的隐喻。A. by chance偶然；B. in demand需求量大；C. in truth事实上；D. on earth究竟。根据下文“the whole story is a metaphor for life”以及语境可知，此处强调故事的本质，in truth符合语境。故选C项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些是机械问题，需要一些摩托车维修知识才能继续前进。A. examine检查；B. gather收集；C. lack缺乏；D. require需要。根据下文“some knowledge of motorcycle maintenance to keep going”以及语境可知，这里指解决机械问题需要相关知识，require符合语境。故选D项。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，解决办法很简单：开车离开，把它们抛在脑后。A. complex复杂的；B. rare稀有的；C. simple简单的；D. unique独特的。根据下文“Just drive away”可知，这里指解决办法很简单，simple符合语境。故选C项。 04（2025高三·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Delayed gratification has enjoyed an excellent reputation ever since the famous Stanford “marshmallow” study in the 1970s. The study showed that children who chose to wait for a later, bigger reward of marshmallows — instead of giving in to temptation straight away — had better 1 later in lives, on several measures. It makes sense to 2 the habit of waiting a little before satisfying one’s desires. Being pushed around by our impulses can lead to a(n) 3 to consider our long-term well-being or other people’s point of view. Even delayed gratification has its downsides, however. A reader who is “mostly a delayed-gratification person” reflects that, “I find that I feel guilty when I have something 4 . And it is not as fulfilling or as meaningful. ” Delayed gratification is a two-faced virtue. It is used both as a tactic by hedonists (享乐主义者) to maximize pleasure and a strategy by ascetics (禁欲主义者) to minimize it. For the ascetic, to act instantly on our desires is to become 5 to them, and they are hardly the wisest of masters. If we wait and think before following their orders, we often find we don’t need what they 6 us to seize. Sometimes they even make us 7 : fatter, poorer, more burdened by stuff, messily caught up in other people’s lives. But some see delay as a way of extending and heightening pleasure. The more you have to wait for something, the more you generally 8 it. Time also allows us to optimize the 9 of enjoyment. To not let the wine breathe and the cheese come up to room temperature is to 10 both. Anticipation is also a pleasure in itself, some might say, even greater than that of the 11 enjoyment. As Winnie-the-Pooh observed, “although eating honey was a very good thing to do, there was a moment just before you began to eat it which was better than when you were. ” In Flaubert’s Parrot, Julian Barnes goes further: “Happiness lies in the imagination, not the act. Pleasure is found first in anticipation, later in memory. ” I can see the truths in all these ideas. But I wonder if we are 12 if we think that the question of delay is the central one. Rather, should we not cultivate selective gratification? The ideal is neither to satisfy nor 13 every desire, but to make sure we only act on those that are truly rewarding, at the right time and in the right place. Delay therefore becomes simply one tool among others, not the master key (万能钥匙). Some of the sweetest moments in life are when chance presents a happy opportunity to do something wonderful, here and now, without 14 . In such cases, gratification delayed is satisfaction 15 . 1. A. choices B. outcomes C. positions D. purposes 2. A. break with B. get into C. return to D. shake off 3. A. attempt B. error C. inability D. obligation 4. A. completely B. immediately C. slightly D. temporarily 5. A. contributors B. slaves C. threats D. witnesses 6. A. allow B. command C. help D. invite 7. A. worse off B. take off C. better off D. show off 8. A. accept B. appreciate C. believe D. share 9. A. conditions B. qualities C. sources D. terms 10. A. eliminate B. highlight C. improve D. waste 11. A. actual B. average C. imaginary D. total 12. A. discouraged B. dismissed C. misled D. misunderstood 13. A. create B. inspire C. kill D. resist 14. A. hesitation B. loss C. permission D. prejudice 15. A. deleted B. denied C. expressed D. guaranteed 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了延迟满足这一概念，指出其既有优点也有缺点，并提出了选择性满足的观点，认为应该根据情况选择是否满足欲望，而不是一味地延迟或立即满足。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，那些选择等待以后获得更大的奖励的孩子 —— 而不是立即屈服于诱惑 —— 在后来的生活中，在几个方面都有更好的结果。A. choices选择；B. outcomes结果；C. positions位置；D. purposes目的。根据上文“children who chose to wait for a later, bigger reward of marshmallows — instead of giving in to temptation straight away — had better”可知，此处指实验中不同选择带来的后续结果。故选B。 2. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在满足自己的欲望之前，先养成等待一会儿的习惯是有意义的。A. break with与……决裂；B. get into进入；C. return to回到；D. shake off摆脱。根据下文“the habit of waiting a little before satisfying one’s desires”可知，在满足自己的欲望之前，先养成等待一会儿的习惯是有意义的。get into the habit of为固定搭配，意为“养成……的习惯”。故选B。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：被我们的冲动所左右会导致我们无法考虑自己的长期幸福或他人的观点。A. attempt尝试；B. error错误；C. inability不能；D. obligation义务。根据上文“Being pushed around by our impulses”可知，被冲动控制会让人无法考虑长远。故选C。 4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一位“主要是延迟满足的人”的读者反映：“我发现当我立即拥有某样东西时，我会感到内疚。而且它并没有那么令人满足或有意义。”A. completely完全地；B. immediately立即；C. slightly稍微；D. temporarily暂时地。根据上文“a delayed-gratification person”可知，这类人习惯延迟满足，所以立即得到东西时会不适应。故选B。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于禁欲主义者来说，立即按照我们的欲望行事就是成为它们的奴隶，而它们绝不是最明智的主人。A. contributors贡献者；B. slaves奴隶；C. threats威胁；D. witnesses目击者。根据下文“they are hardly the wisest of masters”可知，此处将欲望比作主人，而立即顺从欲望的人就是欲望的奴隶。故选B。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们在听从它们的命令之前等待并思考，我们常常会发现我们并不需要它们命令我们去抓住的东西。A. allow允许；B. command命令；C. help帮助；D. invite邀请。根据上文“follow their orders”可知，此处用“command”与“orders”呼应，符合语境。故选B。 7. 考查固定短语辨析。句意：有时它们甚至会让我们变得更糟：更胖、更穷、被物质所累、混乱地卷入他人的生活。A. worse off更糟；B. take off起飞；C. better off更富裕；D. show off炫耀。根据下文“fatter, poorer, more burdened by stuff, messily caught up in other people’s lives”可知，有时它们甚至会让我们变得更糟。故选A。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你等待某样东西的时间越长，你通常会越欣赏它。A. accept接受；B. appreciate欣赏；C. believe相信；D. share分享。根据上文“But some see delay as a way of extending and heightening pleasure.”可知，延迟会增加快乐，让人更珍惜所等待的东西。故选B。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：时间也让我们能够优化享受的条件。A. conditions条件；B. qualities品质；C. sources来源；D. terms条款。根据下文“To not let the wine breathe and the cheese come up to room temperature”可知，这是享受美酒和奶酪的条件。故选A。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不让酒呼吸，不让奶酪达到室温，那就是在浪费二者。A. eliminate消除；B. highlight突出；C. improve改善；D. waste浪费。根据上文“Time also allows us to optimize the 9 of enjoyment.”可知，不遵循享受的条件就是浪费。故选D。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人可能会说，期待本身就是一种乐趣，甚至比实际的享受还要大。A. actual实际的；B. average平均的；C. imaginary想象的；D. total全部的。根据上文“Anticipation is also a pleasure in itself”可知，期待本身就是一种乐趣，此处将“期待” 与实际的享受对比，“actual”符合语境。故选A。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我想知道，如果我们认为延迟的问题是核心问题，我们是否被误导了。A. discouraged使气馁；B. dismissed解散；C. misled误导；D. misunderstood误解。根据下文“Rather, should we not cultivate selective gratification?”可知，作者认为不应将延迟视为核心问题，否则会被误导。故选C。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：理想的情况既不是满足也不是抵制每一个欲望，而是确保我们只在真正有回报的时候、在正确的时间和地点采取行动。A. create创造；B. inspire激励；C. kill杀死；D. resist抵制。根据下文“but to make sure we only act on those that are truly rewarding”可知，理想的情况既不是满足也不是抵制每一个欲望。故选D。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活中一些最甜蜜的时刻是，机会出现了，让你此时此刻做一些美妙的事情，毫不犹豫。A. hesitation犹豫；B. loss损失；C. permission许可；D. prejudice偏见。根据上文“chance presents a happy opportunity to do something wonderful, here and now”可知，这样的时刻应是毫不犹豫去做的，without hesitation为固定搭配，意为“毫不犹豫”。故选A。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，延迟满足就是拒绝满足。A. deleted删除；B. denied拒绝；C. expressed表达；D. guaranteed保证。根据上文“Some of the sweetest moments in life are when chance presents a happy opportunity to do something wonderful, here and now, without 14.” 可知，此时延迟满足会让人错失美好，即满足被拒绝。故选B。 05（2025高二·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Many years ago, before the invention of smartphones and the Internet, I was living in Cali, Colombia. My younger sister decided to visit me for a holiday. However, on the day I was supposed to go to meet her at the airport, I somehow lost 1 of the time and realized that I was leaving my home much later than I had wanted to. And to make matters 2 when I went outside, the rain was pouring from the sky and I couldn't get a taxi. I ended up jumping on board a bus to Palmira, where the airport was. Except it wasn't exactly going to be heading for the airport. The driver said that he would drop me off at a crossroads which was located six kilometres away from the airport. I had no 3 but to travel with the bus. The journey took ages, however. When the bus did eventually 4 the previously mentioned crossroads, the stop appeared to be in the middle of nowhere. The driver pointed in a given direction and told me that the airport was down that way. By this time, I had descended into tears. My sister would be arriving in twelve minutes, and there was no way I was going to be able to make it in time. Beside myself (失去控制) with worry, I 5 the driver to drive the six kilometres down to the airport to drop me off. He stood up and took a vote from the other passengers. Fortunately, they all 6 . Thanks to them, I arrived on time. This was my first encounter with Murphy's Law (墨菲定律): Whatever can go wrong will go wrong. And the only way to beat this devil is to take 7 for the outcome of all your actions. I should have made a Plan B by 8 the possibility that there would be no taxis available. Of course, some major victories in history were achieved by the very fact that they did not have a Plan B to 9 . Xiang Yu famously ordered his troops to “break the kettles and sink the boats” before they confronted the Qin in the Battle of Julu. However, this “failure is not an option” mindset should only be reserved for 10 scenarios. Most of the situations we encounter in our lives are much less dramatic and can often be 11 in more ways than one. It is 12 to have a Plan B because you cannot always guarantee that your original plan is going to work out, and in some cases, your contingency (不测之事) plan might just end up being even better than your original one. This is especially true in the volatile (动荡不定的) world of business. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, many companies have adopted a work-from-home policy which is helping them to 13 their costs while also allowing them to achieve greater levels of productivity than ever before. Now more than ever, in this rapidly changing world, 14 is often the key to success. If you are prepared to bounce back when everyone else breaks down, you will be the winner. Think of your contingency plan as a form of 15 , one that, if nothing else, can give you the peace of mind you need. 1. A. heart B. sight C. track D. touch 2. A. better B. easier C. funnier D. worse 3. A. choice B. evidence C. hope D. reason 4. A. leave B. pass C. reach D. return 5. A. allowed B. begged C. forced D. reminded 6. A. agreed B. appeared C. succeeded D. survived 7. A. advice B. control C. responsibility D. risk 8. A. coming into effectB. getting into troubleC. putting into practice D. taking into account 9. A. approve of B. look up C. go after D. turn to 10. A. extreme B. frightening C. normal D. strange 11. A. accessed B. altered C. approached D. avoided 12. A. dangerous B. essential C. pointless D. ridiculous 13. A. increase B. maintain C. pay D. reduce 14. A. capability B. flexibility C. reliability D. stability 15. A. assistance B. endurance C. guidance D. insurance 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过个人经历引入话题，然后展开对墨菲定律和备用计划重要性的讨论，通过举例和论证来支持自己的观点，最后得出结论并鼓励读者采取行动。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我应该去机场接她的那天，我不知怎么地忘记了时间，意识到我离开家的时间比我想要的要晚得多。A. heart心脏；B. sight视力；C. track轨迹；D. touch触摸。根据下文“realized that I was leaving my home much later than I had wanted to”可知作者忘记了时间，lose track of为固定搭配，意为“失去……的线索；忘记”符合语境，故选C。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，当我出去的时候，雨从天上倾盆而下，我打不到出租车。A. better更好的；B. easier更容易的；C. funnier更有趣的；D. worse更糟糕的。上文说作者忘记了接妹妹的时间，下文说下大雨打不到车，所以应是更糟糕的是，短语to make matters worse意为“更糟糕的是”，符合语境，故选D。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择，只能乘公共汽车。A. choice选择；B. evidence证据；C. hope希望；D. reason原因。根据上文“The driver said that he would drop me off at a crossroads which was located six kilometres away from the airport.”可知作者离机场还有6公里，所以是别无选择，只能乘公共汽车，have no choice but to do为固定搭配，意为“别无选择，只能……”，符合语境，故选A。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当公交车最终到达前面提到的十字路口时，这个站似乎是在一个偏僻的地方。A. leave离开；B. pass通过；C. reach到达；D. return返回。根据下文“the stop appeared to be in the middle of nowhere”可知公交车到站了，故选C。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我担心得发狂，请求司机开六公里的车到机场送我。A. allowed允许；B. begged请求；C. forced迫使；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“to drive the six kilometres down to the airport to drop me off”可知作者请求把自己送到机场，故选B。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们都同意。A. agreed同意；B. appeared出现；C. succeeded成功；D. survived幸存。根据下文“Thanks to them, I arrived on time.”可知他们同意司机送作者到机场，故选A。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：打败这个魔鬼的唯一方法就是对你所有行为的结果负责。A. advice建议；B. control控制；C. responsibility责任；D. risk冒险。根据上文“This was my first encounter with Murphy's Law (墨菲定律): Whatever can go wrong will go wrong.”和下文“I should have made a Plan B”说明作者反思前文的事情应做好准备，需为行为结果负责，故选C。 8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我应该制定一个B计划，考虑到没有出租车可用的可能性。A. coming into effect生效；B. getting into trouble陷入麻烦；C. putting into practice付诸实践；D. taking into account考虑到。根据上文“I should have made a Plan B”说明作者本应该考虑到没有出租车可用可能性，制定一个B计划，故选D。 9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，历史上一些重大胜利的取得，正是因为他们没有备用计划。 A. approve of赞成；B. look up查阅；C. go after追求；D. turn to求助。根据下文“Xiang Yu famously ordered his troops to “break the kettles and sink the boats” before they confronted the Qin in the Battle of Julu. (在巨鹿之战中，项羽命令他的军队“破釜沉舟”。)”议论文历史上的一些重大胜利并没有B计划可求助，故选D。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这种“失败不是一种选择”的心态应该只适用于极端情况。A. extreme极端的；B. frightening可怕的；C. normal正常的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“Xiang Yu famously ordered his troops to “break the kettles and sink the boats” before they confronted the Qin in the Battle of Julu. (在巨鹿之战中，项羽命令他的军队“破釜沉舟”。)说明呼应上文的“破釜沉舟”，这是一种极端的情况，故选A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在生活中遇到的大多数情况都没有那么戏剧化，通常可以用多种方式来处理。A. accessed访问；B. altered改变；C. approached处理；D. avoided避免。根据上文“Most of the situations we encounter in our lives are much less dramatic”说明我们生活中遇到的大多数情况不会那么极端，所以可以用多种方式处理，故选C。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一个B计划是必要的，因为你不能总是保证你原来的计划会奏效，在某些情况下，你的应急计划可能会比你原来的计划更好。A. dangerous危险的；B. essential必要的；C. pointless无意义的；D. ridiculous荒谬的。根据下文“because you cannot always guarantee that your original plan is going to work out, and in some cases, your contingency (不测之事) plan might just end up being even better than your original one. (因为你不能总是保证你原来的计划会奏效，在某些情况下，你的应急计划可能会比你原来的计划更好。)”可知B计划是必要的，故选B。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2019冠状病毒病爆发以来，许多公司都采取了在家工作的政策，这有助于他们降低成本，同时也使他们能够实现比以往更高的生产力水平。A. increase增加；B. maintain维持；C. pay支付；D. reduce降低。根据上文“Since the outbreak of COVID-19, many companies have adopted a work-from-home policy”和常识可知新冠期间，在家工作有助于降低成本，故选D。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个瞬息万变的世界里，灵活性往往是成功的关键。A. capability能力；B. flexibility灵活性；C. reliability可靠性；D. stability稳定性。根据上文“Now more than ever, in this rapidly changing world”和B计划说明要适应变化的世界，灵活性是成功的关键，故选B。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：把你的应急计划想象成一种保险，如果没有别的，它能给你所需要的内心的平静。A. assistance帮助；B. endurance耐力；C. guidance指导；D. insurance保险。根据下文“if nothing else, can give you the peace of mind you need”和前文的B计划可知应急计划就像保险一样，在意外情况发生时提供保障，故选D。 06（24-25高二下·四川资阳·期末）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “Sticks and stones will break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” Do you 1 that old saying? Probably not, because you know words can sometimes hurt more than a 2 arm. The words we speak show how we feel, and unkind words hurt both the person who 3 and the person who says them. On the other hand, kind words encourage others and 4 the people who say them. If you become a good 5 , you’ll win more friends. You’ll 6 your teachers and parents, and you’ll even have a better 7 of getting a job in an interview. It makes sense to learn to communicate clearly and 8 . If you throw a stone into the ocean, the stone comes back to you. Words are 9 that. What you throw out comes back to you. It’s 10 that sometimes people won’t answer your kind words with kindness. But over the long run, if you communicate kindness, you’ll attract kind words in 11 . We communicate in more than just words. Any 12 you make with your body, any sound that comes out of your mouth, the expression you 13 , and even the thoughts you have can 14 a message to someone. Therefore, it’s vital to master the art of communication, which builds positive connections and creates a wave of kindness that 15 our lives and the lives of others. 1. A. recognize B. forget C. mind D. believe 2. A. controlled B. broken C. repaired D. raised 3. A. hears B. finds C. writes D. learns 4. A. slow down B. throw away C. build up D. figure out 5. A. communicator B. leader C. lecturer D. reporter 6. A. observe B. impress C. protect D. serve 7. A. method B. view C. chance D. standard 8. A. effectively B. regularly C. privately D. freely 9. A. about B. against C. below D. like 10. A. important B. true C. interesting D. simple 11. A. peace B. person C. return D. order 12. A. mistake B. movement C. decision D. arrangement 13. A. wear B. desire C. supply D. define 14. A. compare B. add C. match D. send 15. A. endangers B. exchanges C. enriches D. exposes 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了语言的力量，强调友善言语的重要性及其对人际关系的积极影响。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你相信那句古老的谚语吗？A. recognize认出；B. forget忘记；C. mind介意；D. believe相信。根据上文“Sticks and stones will break my bones, but words will never hurt me.”和下文“Probably not, because you know words can sometimes hurt more than a ____2____ arm.”可知，此处询问是否相信这句古老的谚语。故选D。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许不是，因为你知道言语有时比断臂更伤人。A. controlled受控制的，精心安排的；B. broken断了的，伤残的；C. repaired被修好的；D. raised提高的，升高的，突起的。根据上文“Sticks and stones will break my bones”、“words can sometimes hurt more than”和下文“arm”可知，此处是将言语的伤害与断臂的伤害进行比较。故选B。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们所说的话表明了我们的感受，而恶毒的话既伤害了听到的人，也伤害了说话的人。A. hears听到；B. finds找到；C. writes写；D. learns学习。根据上文“and unkind words hurt both the person who”和下文“and the person who says them”可知，恶毒的话既伤害了听到的话人，也伤害了说话的人，“hears”对应“话语”的接收者。故选A。 4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：另一方面，善意的话语鼓励他人，并增强说出这些话的人的信心。A. slow down减速；B. throw away扔掉；C. build up增强，使振作；D. figure out弄清楚。根据上文“kind words encourage others”、下文“you’ll win more friends ... and you’ll even have a better ____7____ of getting a job in an interview”以及“It makes sense to learn to communicate clearly”可知，善意的话语能鼓励他人，也能让说话人自身受益，build up符合语境，表示也能提升说话人自己，故选C。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你成为一个好的沟通者，你会赢得更多的朋友。A. communicator沟通者；B. leader领导者；C. lecturer讲师；D. reporter记者。根据下文“you’ll win more friends”可知，此处强调的是善于沟通的重要性，即做一个善于沟通的人的重要性，与下文“communicate clearly”相呼应。故选A。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你会给老师和父母留下深刻印象，甚至在面试中更有机会得到工作。A. observe观察；B. impress给……留下深刻印象；C. protect保护；D. serve服务。根据上文“you’ll win more friends”以及下文“and you’ll even have a better ____7____ of getting a job in an interview”可知，善于沟通能给人留下深刻印象，在面试中会更有机会得到工作。故选B。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你会给老师和父母留下深刻印象，甚至在面试中获得工作的机会也更大。A. method方法；B. view观点；C. chance机会；D. standard标准。根据下文“getting a job in an interview”可知，善于沟通能带来很多好处，包括在面试中更有机会得到工作。故选C。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：学会清晰有效地沟通是有意义的。A. effectively有效地；B. regularly定期地；C. privately私下地；D. freely自由地。根据上文“communicate clearly”可知，设空处与clearly并列，由and连接，此处指学习做一个好的沟通者，学会清晰有效地沟通。故选A。 9. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：言语就像那样。A. about关于；B. against反对；C. below在下面；D. like像。根据上文“If you throw a stone into the ocean, the stone comes back to you.”和下文“What you throw out comes back to you.”可知，此处是将言语与扔石头进行类比，说明言语也像扔石头一样，会回到说话者身边。故选D。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：真的，有时候人们不会用善意来回应你的善意。A. important重要的；B. true真实的；C. interesting有趣的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“sometimes people won’t answer your kind words with kindness”可知，这是一个事实，即有时候人们不会用善意来回应善意。故选B。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但从长远来看，如果你传达善意，你也会得到善意的回报。A. peace和平；B. person人；C. return返回；D. order命令。根据上文“What you throw out comes back to you.”以及“if you communicate kindness, you’ll attract kind words”可知，此处指如果你传达善意，你也会得到善意的回报。in return为固定短语，意为“作为回报”。故选C。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你身体的任何动作，你嘴里发出的任何声音，你的表情，甚至你的想法，都可以向某人传达信息。A. mistake错误；B. movement动作；C. decision决定；D. arrangement安排。根据下文“you make with your body”可知，此处强调的是除了言语之外，身体的动作，即肢体语言也能传达信息。故选B。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. wear穿，流露，面带，呈现（某种神态）；B. desire渴望；C. supply供应；D. define定义。根据上文“you make with your body, any sound that comes out of your mouth, the expression you”可知，此处强调的是声音、表情等都能传达信息。wear the expression为固定短语，意为“流露……表情”。故选A。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. compare比较；B. add添加；C. match匹配；D. send发送。根据下文“a message to someone”可知，此处指向某人传达信息。send a message为固定短语，意为“发送信息，向某人传达信息”。故选D。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，掌握沟通的艺术至关重要，它能建立积极的联系，创造一股善意的浪潮，丰富我们的生活和他人的生活。A. endangers危及；B. exchanges交换；C. enriches丰富；D. exposes暴露。根据上文“builds positive connections and creates a wave of kindness”和下文“our lives and the lives of others”可知，掌握沟通的艺术能建立积极的联系，创造善意，从而丰富我们的生活和他人的生活。故选C。 06（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文, 从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 1 at work in people of all 2 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 3 with their new toys. But their 4 soon wears off and by January those 5 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 6 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 7 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 8 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the burden of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 9 but are soon looking forward to 10 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 11 , who now complain about the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first 12 their driver’s license? Before people retire, they usually plan to do a lot of 13 things, which they never had 14 to do while working. But soon after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 15 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new toys. 1. A. principle B. habit C. weaker D. power 2. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages 3. A. working B. living C. playing D. going 4. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 5. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 6. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled 7. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main 8. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly 9. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 10. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success 11. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees 12. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered 13. A. great B. strong C. difficult D. correct 14. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge 15. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章通过不同年龄段人群的例子论证了“任何常规活动都会让人产生厌倦”这一原理。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们可以看到这个原则在所有年龄段的人身上都起作用。A. principle准则、原理；B. habit习惯；C. weaker弱者；D. power权力、动力。根据空前的“As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. ”可知此处指的是所有活动在常规基础上进行时就会导致无聊这个基本原理，故选A项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们可以看到这个原则在所有年龄段的人身上都起作用。A. parties宴会；B. races比赛；C. countries国家；D. ages年龄。根据后文所举的例子，从children(孩子)到adolescents(青少年)，从the young adults(年轻的成年人)到after retirement(退休后)，可知此处指所有年龄段的人，故选D项。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，在圣诞节的早晨，孩子们兴奋地玩着他们的新玩具。A. working工作；B. living居住；C. playing玩耍；D. going离开。根据后文“with their new toys”可知此处指玩新玩具，故选C项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是他们的兴趣很快就消失了，到了一月份，同样的玩具就可以被放在地下室里了。A. confidence信心；B. interest兴趣；C. anxiety焦虑；D. sorrow悲伤。根据前文“children are excited about ___3___ with their new toys. But their”以及空后“soon wears off and by January those ___5___ toys can be found put away in the basement.”可知此处指孩子们的兴趣很快消失，故选B项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是他们的兴趣很快就消失了，到了一月份，那些同样的玩具就会被放在地下室里。A. same相同的；B. extra额外的；C. funny好玩的；D. expensive贵的。根据空前“children are excited about ___3___ with their new toys. But their ___4___ soon wears off and by January those”以及“toys can be found put away in the basement.”可知此处指的是同样的玩具还没持续几天兴趣就没了，故选A项。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：世界上到处都是装满一半的邮集和未完成的模型，每一个都像一座纪念碑一样纪念着某个人短暂的兴趣。A. well-organized有条理的；B. colorfully-printed彩色印刷的；C. newly-collected新收集的；D. half-filled半满的。根据前文可知，孩子们开始时的兴趣很快就消失了以及空后“stamp albums and unfinished models”可知此处指未完成的即装满一半的邮集，故选D项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：世界上到处都是装满一半的邮集和未完成的模型，每一个都像一座纪念碑一样纪念着某个人短暂的兴趣。A. broad宽的；B. passing短暂的；C. different不同的；D. main主要的。根据上文“The world is full of ___6___ stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s”以及空后的“interest”可知，装满一半的邮集和未完成的模型，每一个都像一座纪念碑一样纪念着某个人短暂的兴趣，故选B项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当父母把宠物带回家时，他们的孩子很高兴地给它洗澡和刷毛。A. silently沉默地；B. impatiently不耐烦地；C. gladly高兴地；D. worriedly担心地。根据上文“When parents bring home a pet”以及空后“bathes it and brushes its fur.”可知，小孩子对宠物很感兴趣，所以当父母刚把宠物带回家时，小孩子会很高兴地给它洗澡和刷毛，故选C项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：青少年怀着极大的兴奋进入高中，但很快就盼望着毕业。A. courage勇气；B. calmness平静；C. confusion困惑、混淆；D. excitement兴奋。根据空前“Adolescents enter high school with great”可知此处指青少年进高中时兴致冲冲，故选D项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：青少年怀着极大的兴奋进入高中，但很快就盼望着毕业。A. graduation毕业；B. independence独立、自主；C. responsibility责任；D. success成功，根据空前“Adolescents enter high school with great ___9___ but are soon looking forward to”可知，人们常常是开始的时候兴趣很浓，但不能慎终如始，很快兴趣就消失了，所以此处指青少年进高中时还兴致冲冲，但很快就失去兴趣，盼着早日毕业了，故选A项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，有多少如今抱怨上班路途遥远的成年人，在刚拿到驾照时，曾满心欢喜地连续驾车数小时呢？A. children孩子们；B. students学生；C. adults成年人；D. retirees退休人员。根据前文举例的顺序可知，本文是按照年龄从小到大的顺序讲述的，前面提到的是上大学的年轻人，接着应该是上班的成年人，后文有after retirement可排除retirees，故选C项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么，有多少如今抱怨上班路途遥远的成年人，在刚拿到驾照时，曾满心欢喜地连续驾车数小时呢？A. required需要；B. obtained获得、得到；C. noticed注意到；D. discovered发现、找到。根据空前“who now complain about the long drives to work, eagerly drove for hours at a time when they first”以及“their driver’s license?”可知，此处指刚刚“获得”驾照，所以急切地连续驾车数小时，故选B项。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在人们退休之前，他们通常计划做很多很棒的事情，这些事情是他们在工作时没有时间去做的。A. great伟大的；B. strong强壮的、强大的；C. difficult困难的；D. correct正确的。根据上文以及空后“But soon after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs ”可知，人们都是开始的时候兴趣很浓，但很快兴趣消失，所以这里指的是退休前兴致冲冲，计划要做的的事情应该是很棒的，故选A项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在人们退休之前，他们通常计划做很多很棒的事情，这些事情是他们在工作时没有时间去做的。A. time时间；B. money钱；C. skills技巧、技能；D. knowledge知识、学问。根据后文“to do while working”以及前后文语境可知，等到退休了再去做，应该是以前忙于工作而没有时间做，故选A项。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但退休后不久，打高尔夫球、钓鱼、阅读和其他所有的消遣都变得和他们离开的工作一样无聊。A. lost失去；B. chose选择；C. left离开、留下；D. quit停止、戒掉。根据上文“after retirement”可推断此处说的是退休人员，所以应指他们离开的工作，故选C项。 $