Unit 3 重点单词、短语用法讲解 2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）英语八年级上册

Unit 3 重点单词、短语用法讲解 1. network n. 网络 常见词组: computer network 计算机网络 social network 社交网络 communication network 通信网络 例句: Our school built a new computer network for students to study online.(我们学校为学生搭建了新的计算机网络,用于在线学习。) 即时演练 1. 微信是一个流行的社交网络。 WeChat is a _ _ _. 2. flood flood既可作动词,也可作名词。 名词(n.):洪水;水灾 动词(v.):① 淹没;②(人或事物)涌、流 词形变换 名词复数:floods(flood是可数名词) 常见词组和搭配: flood disaster 洪灾 heavy floods 特大洪水 flood into 涌入 例句: Many houses were destroyed in the floods last summer.(去年夏天的洪水摧毁了很多房屋。) Students flooded into the classroom when the bell rang.(铃声响时,学生们涌入教室。) 即时演练 2. The heavy rain caused a big _ in the city. Many people lost their homes. A. flood B. snowstorm C. earthquake D. typhoon 3. multimedia n. 多媒体 常见词组: multimedia class 多媒体课堂 multimedia resources 多媒体资源(如 videos, pictures) multimedia player 多媒体播放器 a piece of multimedia content 一段多媒体内容 例句 English teachers often use multimedia to make lessons more interesting.(英语老师常常用多 媒体让课堂更有趣。) 4. expert n. 专家 常见词组、搭配: expert in/on sth. ……领域的专家 an expert in environmental protection 环保专家 例句 We invited an expert on wildlife to give us a speech.(我们邀请了一位野生动物专家给我们 做演讲。) 即时演练 3.The _ in this field gave us a very useful speech on how to improve our skills. A. doctor B. artist C. expert D. worker 5. mobile adj. 可移动的 常见词组、搭配: mobile phone 手机 mobile payment 移动支付 例句 Students are not allowed to use mobile phones in class.(学生不允许在课堂上使用手机。) 6. payment n. 付款;支付 常见词组、搭配: make a payment 付款 payment for sth. 为…… 付款 payment for the book 书的付款 cash payment 现金支付 例句 You can make a payment through WeChat or Alipay.(你可以通过微信或支付宝付款。) 即时演练 4.You can choose different ways of p_, like credit - card payment, online payment or cash payment. 5. —Can I pay for the shoes in cash? —Sorry, we only accept other forms of _. A. payment B. pay C. paying D. pays 7. warn v. 提醒注意;警告 常见词组、搭配: warn sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事 warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事 例句 Mom warned me not to eat too much candy before dinner.(妈妈警告我饭前不要吃太多糖 果。) The teacher warned us not to run in the hallway. (老师警告我们不要在走廊里跑。) 即时演练 6.The teacher warned us _ online strangers. A.not trust B.don’t trust C.not to trust D.to not trust 7. The old man w_ the children not to play near the river. 8. treatment n. 治疗;疗法 常见词组、搭配: medical treatment 医疗治疗 treatment for sth. 针对…… 的治疗 treatment for a cold 感冒的治疗 例句 He stayed in hospital to receive treatment for his broken arm.(他住院接受手臂骨折的治疗。) 即时演练 8.The doctor says lifestyle changes should be part of the (treat). 9. My mom always likes to _ us to ice cream on our birthdays. A. give B. treat C. send D. pass 9. data n. 数据 常见词组、搭配: collect data 收集数据 data analysis 数据分析 例句 Scientists spent a month collecting data about the river’s water quality.(科学家花了一个月 收集河流水质的数据。) 即时演练 10. We need more d_ to finish the science project. 10. company n. 公司 词形变换 复数形式:companies 常见词组、搭配: software company 软件公司 例句 My uncle works in a big company in Shanghai.(我叔叔在上海一家大公司工作。) 即时演练 11.The four local (公司) have more than 1,000 workers. 11. traffic n. 路上行驶的车辆;交通 常见词组、搭配: heavy traffic 交通拥堵 traffic lights 交通灯 traffic rules 交通规则 例句 We were late for school because of heavy traffic on the main road.(因为主干道交通拥堵,我们上学迟到了。) 即时演练 12. There is heavy t_ on the road during rush hour. 12. flow flood既可作动词,也可作名词。 动词(v.):(人或事物)涌流;流动 名词(n.):流动 常见词组、搭配: flow into 流入 flow out 流出 the flow of people 人流 the flow of information 信息流 例句 Water from the mountain flows into the small river.(山上的水流进这条小河里。) The river flows through the city. (这条河流过这座城市。) 13. smoothly adv. 平稳地;连续而流畅地 词形变换 smooth adj. 平滑的;光滑的;顺利的;平稳的 常见词组、搭配: run smoothly 运转平稳 go smoothly 进展顺利 例句 The new computer helps our homework go more smoothly.(新电脑让我们的作业完成得更顺利。) 即时演练 13.The meeting went _ as we had planned. Everyone was satisfied with the result. A. quickly B. smoothly C. hardly D. heavily 14. laptop n. 笔记本电脑 例句 I use my laptop to attend online English classes.(我用笔记本电脑上英语网课。) 15. screen n. 屏幕 常见词组、搭配: computer screen 电脑屏幕 mobile phone screen 手机屏幕 on the screen 在屏幕上 例句 Don’t look at the computer screen for more than an hour—it’s bad for your eyes.(不要看电脑屏幕超过一小时,对眼睛不好。) The picture is on the screen. (画面在屏幕上。) 即时演练 14.Please help me connect the s_ (屏幕)to the computer. 16. weight n. 重量 词形变换 weigh v. 称重;有…… 重 常见词组、搭配: lose weight 减肥 put on weight 增重(如 ) the weight of sth. …… 的重量 例句 My little sister put on some weight because she eats too many candies.(我妹妹因为吃太多糖果,体重增加了一些。) The apple weighs 100g.(这个苹果重100克。) She exercises to lose weight.(她通过锻炼来减肥。) He put on weight because of sweet food.(他因为吃甜食而发胖。) 即时演练 15.The (weigh) of the elephant is more than one ton. 16.—How much does a young panda _? —Its _ can be 35 kilograms. A. weigh; weight B. weigh; weigh C. weight; weight D. weight; weigh 17. digital adj. 数码的 常见词组、搭配: digital camera 数码相机 digital watch 电子表 digital technology 数码技术 digital payment 电子支付 例句: Dad bought a digital camera to take photos during our family trip.(爸爸买了一台数码相机,用于我们全家旅行时拍照。) This is a digital camera.(这是一台数码相机。) 18. social adj. 社交的 词形变换 society n. 社会 常见词组、搭配: social media 社交媒体 social life 社交生活 social skills 社交技能 social problems 社会问题 例句 Teachers remind us not to spend too much time on social media.(老师提醒我们不要在社交媒体上花太多时间。) WeChat, TikTok are social media. (微信、TikTok都是社交媒体。) 19. message n. (书面或口头的)信息 词形变换 复数形式:messages 常见词组、搭配: send a message 发信息 leave a message 留言 text message 短信 例句 Mom sent me a message to say she would pick me up after school.(妈妈给我发信息说,她放学后会来接我。) I sent a message to my mom.(我给我妈妈发了一条信息。) 即时演练 17.For the next ten years, Mathild had not sent a _ to her friend Jeanne. A.information B.news C.message D.advice 20. interview interview 既可作动词,也可作名词。 动词(v.):采访;面试 名词(n.):采访;面试 常见词组、搭配: interview sb. 采访 / 面试某人 an interview with sb. 对某人的采访 例句 A reporter interviewed the winner of the school English competition.(一位记者采访了学校英语竞赛的获胜者。) He interviewed for a new job.(他面试了一份新工作。) 21. positive adj. 正面的;积极的 词形变换 反义词:negative adj. 消极的 常见词组、搭配: positive attitude 积极态度 positive effect 积极影响 positive feedback 正面反馈 例句 We should keep a positive mind when facing difficulties.(面对困难时,我们应该保持积极的心态。) 即时演练 18.It’s better for us to have a(an) _ attitude (态度) towards life, and it’s good for our health. A.freezing B.empty C.positive D.proud 22. negative adj. 消极的 词形变换 反义词:positive adj. 积极的 常见词组、搭配: negative effect 消极影响 negative comment 负面评论 negative thinking 消极想法 例句 Too much screen time has a negative effect on children’s eyesight.(看屏幕时间过长对孩子的视力有消极影响。) 即时演练 19. Don't always have n_ ideas. Try to see the bright side of things. 23. effect n. 影响 词形变换 复数形式:effects 常见词组、搭配: have an effect on sth. 对某物有影响 take effect 生效 side effect 副作用 例句 Reading English stories has a good effect on our vocabulary.(读英语故事对我们的词汇量有很好的影响。) 即时演练 20.吸烟对健康有很大影响。 Smoking _ _ _ _ health. 24. opinion n. 意见;看法 常见词组、搭配: in one’s opinion 在某人看来 one’s opinion about sth. 某人对某事的看法 ask for one’s opinion 征求某人的意见 例句 In my teacher’s opinion, doing homework helps us review lessons.(在我老师看来,做作业能帮助我们复习课程。) In my opinion, English is easy. (在我看来,英语很容易。) 25. novel n. (长篇)小说 常见词组、搭配: read a novel 读小说 write a novel 写小说 detective novel 侦探小说 science fiction novel 科幻小说 classic novel 经典小说 例句 My favorite novel is Harry Potter because it’s full of magic.(我最喜欢的小说是《哈利・波特》,因为它充满了魔法。) I read a short story.(我读了一篇短篇小说。) 26. comment comment 既可作动词,也可作名词。 名词(n.):评论 动词(v.):评论 常见词组、搭配: make a comment 发表评论 positive/negative comments 正面/负面评论 comment on sth. 评论某事 例句 Many readers left positive comments on this new novel.(很多读者对这本新小说留下了正面评论。) 即时演练 21. I read some interesting _ about this book on the Internet. A. comments B. advertisements C. instructions D. communication 27. basis n. 基础 词形变换 复数形式:bases(不是 “basises”) 常见词组、搭配: on the basis of 以…… 为基础 the basis of sth. …… 的基础 例句 We should make plans on the basis of our actual ability.(我们应该根据自己的实际能力制定计划。) 即时演练 22. 他的论点建立在大量研究的基础上。 His argument_ _ _ a lot of research. 23. My little sister is weak in math, but she studies hard,she can do some _ math problems all by herself. A. difficult B. complex C. advanced D. basic 28. microprocessor n. 微处理器 常见词组、搭配: computer microprocessor 计算机微处理器 例句 A microprocessor is like the “brain” of a mobile phone.(微处理器就像手机的 “大脑”。) 29. microchip n. 微芯片;芯片 常见词组、搭配: mobile phone microchip 手机芯片 microchip technology 芯片技术 例句 Many small microchips are used in smart watches.(很多小型微芯片用于智能手表中。) 30. major adj. 主要的;重要的 词形变换 反义词:minor adj. 次要的,初中补充 常见词组、搭配: major problem 主要问题 major reason 主要原因 major city 大城市 例句 The major reason for his success is hard work.(他成功的主要原因是努力。) 即时演练 24. In our city, the _ industry is tourism. It brings a lot of money every year. A. social B. common C. digital D. major 31. breakthrough n. 突破;重大进展 常见词组、搭配: make a breakthrough 取得突破 important breakthrough 重要突破 technological breakthrough 技术突破 例句 Scientists made a big breakthrough in the treatment of diabetes.(科学家在糖尿病治疗方面取得了重大突破。) 即时演练 25.由于芯片的发明,电脑有了重大的突破,它们变得更快,更小。 Thanks to the invention of chips, computers have made _ _ _, they got faster and smaller. 32. electronic adj. 电子的 词形变换 electronics n. 电子学;电子产品 常见词组、搭配: electronic devices 电子设备 electronic payment 电子支付 例句 We use many electronic devices in our daily life.(我们在日常生活中使用很多电子设备。) 即时演练 26. The _ device has made our life much more convenient. A. electric B. electronic C. electrical D. electricity 33. software n. 软件 对应词 “hardware 硬件” 常见词组、搭配: computer software 计算机软件 office software 办公软件 install software 安装软件 例句 This software helps us edit photos easily.(这款软件帮助我们轻松编辑照片。) I installed a new piece of software.(我安装了一个新软件。) 34. app n. 应用程序;应用软件 app是单词application 的缩写,因 “app” 以元音音素开头,前面用 “an”,不能用 “a”。 常见词组、搭配: mobile app 手机应用程序 download apps 下载应用 例句 There are many useful apps for students to practice English.(有很多有用的应用程序,供学生练习英语。) WeChat is a mobile app.(微信是一个移动应用程序。) 35. era n. 时代;纪元 常见词组、搭配: new era 新时代 digital era 数字时代 例句 The invention of the Internet started a new era of global communication.(互联网的发明开启了全球通信的新时代。) 36. download v. 下载 常见词组、搭配: download sth. 下载某物 download a video 下载视频 download from 从…… 下载 download from the Internet 从网上下载 例句 I need to download some English listening materials for my homework.(我需要下载一些英语听力材料来做作业。) 即时演练 27.I often (下载) English songs from the Internet. 37. tiny adj. 微小的 tiny的程度比small还要小,意为“微小的”。 词形变换 比较级:tinier 最高级:tiniest 例句 There are many tiny stars in the night sky.(夜空中有很多小星星。) 38. connect to 连接(到……) connect to表示 “将某物与另一物连接起来”。 区分 connect to 与 connect with: connect to 侧重 “连接到具体对象” connect the phone to WiFi 手机连 WiFi connect with 侧重 “与…… 建立联系(抽象或人际)” connect with friends 与朋友联系 be connected to 连接到 The computer is connected to the Internet.(电脑已连网。) 例句 Please connect the laptop to the power supply before using it.(使用前请将笔记本电脑连接到电源。) My phone can’t connect to the school WiFi today.(我的手机今天连不上学校的 WiFi 了。) 即时演练 28.Can you tell me which wire _ the computer with the printer? A.connects B.is connected C.connect D.to connect 29. All the computers in the office _ (connect) to the server so that we can share files. 39. bring big changes to 给…… 带来重大变化 例句 Technology has brought big changes to people’s daily life.(科技给人们的日常生活带来了重大变化。) The new policy will bring big changes to the local education system.(这项新政策将给当地教育体系带来重大变化。) 即时演练 30.电动汽车给我们的生活带来许多变化。 The electric cars_ _ _ _our life. 40. mobile payment 移动支付 online payment 线上支付 例句 More and more people use mobile payment when shopping.(越来越多的人购物时使用移动支付。) We can buy snacks easily with mobile payment now.(现在我们用移动支付就能轻松买零食。) 即时演练 31. 人们渴望有新的办法 让中国的移动支付变得更好。 People are thirsty for new ways to make _ _in China better. 41. take ... for example 以…… 为例 例句 Take learning English for example—you need to practice every day.(以学习英语为例 —— 你需要每天练习。) Many subjects are important, take P.E. for example; it helps us keep healthy.(很多科目都很重要,比如体育 —— 它能帮助我们保持健康。) 即时演练 32.以这本书为例,我们可以从中学到很多历史知识。(完成译句) this book example, and we can learn much knowledge about history from it. 33.There are a lot of ways to protect the environment. _, we can take our own bags instead of asking for plastic bags when shopping. A.By the way B.In general C.For example D.To our surprise 42. rubbish bin 垃圾箱 常见词组: throw sth. into the rubbish bin(把某物扔进垃圾箱) 例句 Please throw this piece of paper into the rubbish bin.(请把这张纸扔进垃圾箱。) There are two rubbish bins on each floor of our school.(我们学校每层楼有两个垃圾箱。) 即时演练 34.他捡起地上的塑料瓶, 并把它放入正确的垃圾箱。 He picked up the plastic bottles and put it in the proper_ _. 43. social media 社交媒体 例句 Teenagers shouldn’t spend too much time on social media.(青少年不应该在社交媒体上花太多时间。) My mom often shares family photos on social media.(我妈妈经常在社交媒体上分享家庭照片。) 44. in person 亲自;亲身 in person是副词短语,可置于句末(常用)或句中,修饰动词。 例句 I want to visit my grandparents in person this weekend.(这个周末我想亲自去看望祖父母。) The singer decided to meet her fans in person after the concert.(这位歌手决定演唱会后亲自见粉丝。) 即时演练 35. The famous singer will come to our city to hold a concert _. You can't miss it. A. in common B. in person C. in silence D. in public 45. the general public 公众;大众 例句 serve the general public 为公众服务 This park is open to the general public for free.(这个公园对公众免费开放。) The government should listen to the opinions of the general public.(政府应该听取公众的意见。) 参考答案 1. popular; social; network 2. C 3. A 4. payment 5. A 6. C 7. warned 8. treatment 9. B 10. data 11. companies 12. traffic 13. B 14. screen 15. weight 16. A 17. C 18. C 19. negative 20. has a big effect on 21. A 22. is based on 23. D 24. D 25. a major breakthrough 26. B 27. download 28. A 29. are connected 30. bring many changes to 31. mobile payment 32. Take for 33. C 34. rubbish bins 35. B 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $