选修一Unit 3词汇精讲-高中英语2025沪教版

选修1Unit3词汇精讲 Unit 3 celebrity 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):名人；名流 Many celebrities attended the film premiere.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):名声；名誉 The town gained celebrity for its beautiful scenery.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：celebrated;著名的，驰名的；例句：The celebrated writer gave a speech.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：star:名词，明星；例句：The movie star has a lot of fans.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词：notable:名词， 名人；例句：Many notables were present at the event..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a celebrity status:名人身份；适用于描述某人具有名人的地位，语法上status为名词；例句：He achieved a celebrity status after his hit movie.（来源：柯林斯词典)；短语2：celebrity culture:名人文化；适用于描述与名人 相关的文化现象，语法上culture为名词；例句：Celebrity culture has a great influence on young people.(来源：牛 津高阶词典)；短语3：a celebrity chef:明星厨师；适用于描述在烹饪领域有名的厨师，语法上chef为名词；例句： The restaurant is run by a celebrity chef..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：There are many (celebrity)at the awards ceremony.(答案：celebrities) (来源：教材) advertisement 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):广告；启事；宣传 The wal∥was covered with advertisements.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■-动词：advertise;例句：They advertised their new product on TV.(来源：柯林斯词典)-形容词：advertising;例 句：Advertising costs are getting higher..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：ad(n.):广告；例句：I saw an ad for a new movie.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：commercial(n.): 商业广告；例句：Idon't like watching commercials on TV.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：place an advertisement:刊登广告；适用于商业宣传场景，语法上place后接广告相关内容；例句：They placed an advertisement in the newspaper..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：answer an advertisement::应征广告；适 用于求职等场景，语法上answer后接广告；例句：He answered an advertisement for a job.(来源：柯林斯词典)短 语3：advertisement for sth.:关于某物的广告；适用于描述广告内容，语法上for后接被宣传物品；例句：There is an advertisement for a new car..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数；原题：There are many (advertisement)on the billboard.(答案：advertisements) (来源：教材) genuine 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):真的；非人造的 This is a genuine diamond.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj):真诚的；真心的 She showed genuine concern for my problems..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■副词：genuinely;例句：He is genuinely interested in art..(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：genuineness;例句：The genuineness of the painting has been questioned.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：authentic:形容词，真正的；例句：This is an authentic antique.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：real:形 容词，真的：例句：Is this real gold?(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：genuine love:真挚的爱；适用于描述情感的场景，语法上可作主语、宾语等；例句：They have a genuine love for each other..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：genuine article:真货；适用于辨别物品真伪的场景，语法上可作 主语、宾语；例句：This watch is a genuine article..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：genuine friend:真诚的朋友；适用 于描述人际关系的场景，语法上可作主语、宾语；例句：A genuine friend will always stand by you.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词作定语修饰名词；原题：He has a」 (genuine)interest in history.(答案：genuine) (来源：教材) unusual 词义与词性 ■(ad.)(adj):不平常的，异常的 It's unusual for him to be late.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(ad)(adj.):独特的，罕见的 The area has an unusual geology..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■-名词：unusualness;例句：The unusualness of the situation made everyone nervous.(来源：自建合理例句)-反 义词（形容词）：usual;:例句：t's his usual habit to read before sleep.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词(adj.):abnormal::不正常的；例句：His body temperature is abnormal.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词 (ad.):peculiar:奇特的；例句：There's a peculiar smell in this room.(来源：柯林斯词典)-近义词(ad.):rare: 稀有的；例句：This is a rare species of plant.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：unusual for sb.to do sth.：某人做某事是不寻常的；适用于描述某人的行为不符合常态的场景，语法 上for后接某人，to后接行为动词；例句：t's unusual for her to be so quiet.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：an unusual occurrence::一次不寻常的事件；适用于描述事件的场景，语法上occurrence是可数名词；例句：The earthquake was an unusual occurrence in this area.(来源：自建合理例句)短语3：unusual situation:不寻常的情况： 适用于描述状况的场景，语法上situation是可数名词；例句：We are facing an unusual situation..(来源：自建合理例句) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词作定语修饰名词：原题：This is an unusual)experience for me.(答案：unusual)考法2：考察其 反义词usual:原题：He usually goes to school by bike,but today he took a bus..It's not his__way(答案：usual) (来源：教材) advertise [词义与词性 ■()(V.):为…做广告；宣传 They advertised their new product in the local newspaper:.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):登广告；征聘 Ve should advertise for someone to look after the garden.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：advertisement;例句：I saw an advertisement for a new car in the paper..(来源：牛津高阶词典)形容词： advertising;例句：Advertising costs are getting higher and higher..(来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：advertising; 例句：The company is advertising heavily this year..(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式和过去分词：advertised:例 句：They advertised their services last month.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：promote:动词，推广；促销；例句：They are promoting their new album.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义 词：publicize:动词，宣传；例句：The event was publicized in the local media.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：advertise for:登广告征求；适用于招聘、寻找物品等场景，语法上for后接招聘或寻找的对象；例句：They advertised for a new manager..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：advertise sth..tosb.:向某人宣传某物；适用于营销 场景，语法上to后接宣传的对象；例句：They advertised their products to young people.(来源：柯林斯词典)短 语3：advertise in:在…上登广告；适用于说明广告投放渠道的场景，语法上in后接广告投放的媒介；例句：They advertised in the local radio.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式：原题：The company is心 _(advertise)its new products everywhere.(答案：advertising) 考法2：考察固定搭配advertise for:原题：They decided to (advertise)for a secretary.(答案：advertise) (来源：教材) contrary 词义与词性 ■(adj,)(adj.):相反的；相对的；对立的 The results were contrary to what we expected.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):相反的事实（或情况、事物等） You think you are clever,,on the contrary,I assure that you are very foolish.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■副词：contrarily:形容词：contrarious;名词：contrariness;例句：Contrarily,many people don't agree with this view. (来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：opposite:形容词，相反的；例句：They walked in opposite directions.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： reverse:形容词，相反的；例句：The reverse side of the coin is very beautiful.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：on the contrary:正相反；适用于反驳前面提到的观点或情况，语法上可单独使用；例句：You may think he is stupid,but on the contrary,.he is very smart.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：to the contrary:相反地；适用于表 示与前面所说的情况相反，语法上常作后置定语；例句：There is no evidence to the contrary.(来源：柯林斯词典) 短语3：quite the contrary:恰恰相反；适用于强调与前面观点完全相反，语法上可单独使用；例句：You think it's easy?Quite the contrary,,it's very difficult.(来源：韦氏词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察固定搭配on the contrary:原题：It doesn't seem ugly to me;_ _,I think it's rather beautiful..(答案：on the contrary)考法2：考察形容词词义；原题：The two brothers have】 (contrary)personalties.(答案：contrary) (来源：教材) identical 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):完全相同的，一模一样的 The two brothers are identical in appearance.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj,)(adj):同一的 This is the identical room we stayed in last year..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■-副词：identically(完全相同地)；例句：The twins dress identically.(来源：韦氏词典)-名词：identity(身份；同 一性)：例句：The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：same(ad.):相同的：例句：Ne have the same interests.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：alike(ad.): 相似的；例句：The two sisters are very alike..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：be identical to/with:与…完全相同；适用于描述两者之间的相似程度，语法上to/with后接比较的对象； 例句：This picture is identical to the one I saw in the museum.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：identical twins:同卵 双胞胎；适用于生物学或日常生活描述双胞胎类型的场景，是固定名词短语；例句：Identical twins look very much alike.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察固定搭配be identicalto;原题：This painting is_ (identical)the one in the gallery.(答案：identical)考法2： 考察形容词用法；原题：The fingerprints found at the scene were (identical)to those of the suspect..(答案：identical) (来源：教材) spot 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):斑点；污渍 There's a spot of paint on your shirt..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):地点；场所 This is a nice spot for a picnic..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):看见；注意到 I spotted him in the crowd.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：spotted;有斑点的；例句：The spotted dog ran across the field.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式I过去分 词：spotted;规则变化，直接加-ed;例句：She spotted an old friend in the street.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在 分词：spotting:直接加-ing:例句：He is spotting birds in the forest.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：detect:动词，发现；察觉；例句：The police were able to detect the suspect's presence.(来源：牛津高阶 词典)：近义词：notice.:动词，注意到；例句：I noticed a strange noise.(来源：柯林斯词典)；近义词：see:动词， 看见；例句：I can see a beautiful view from my window.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：on the spot:当场；立即；适用于描述在事情发生的现场或马上做某事的场景，语法上常作状语；例句：He answered the question on the spot..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：spot sb.doing sth.:发现某人正在做某事：适用于描 述看见某人正在进行某个动作的场景，语法上sb.后接动词-ing形式：例句：I spotted her reading a book in the library.. (来源：柯林斯词典)；短语3：a spot of::少量的；一点儿；适用于描述数量不多的事物，语法上后接不可数名词或可 数名词单数；例句：Ne had a spot of rain this morning.(来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语4：hit the spots:正合需要；使人满 足；适用于描述食物、饮料等符合需求的场景；例句：A cold drink really hits the spot on a hot day.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式；原题：She (spot)a rare bird in the tree yesterday..(答案spotted)考法2：考察 固定搭配on the spot;原题：The police arrived to deal with the accident..(答案：on the spot) (来源：教材) billion 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):十亿；大量 The company made a profit of several billion last year.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(num.)(num.):十亿 About two billion people around the world use smartphones.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：billionaire(亿万富翁的)；名词：billionaire(亿万富翁)例句：The billionaire donated a large sum of money to charity..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：milliard(n./num.):十亿（主要用于英国英语旧用法）例句：The project cost several mil训liard dollars.(来 源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：bi训lions of:数以十亿计的；适用于描述数量极多的场景，后接可数名词复数；例句：Billions of stars are in the sky.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：a billion:十亿；用于表示具体数量；例句：The company's value is a bil训ion dollars.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察其修饰名词时的用法；原题：The country has a population of over one_ _(billion)..（答案：billion） (来源：教材) conventional 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj):传统的；习惯的；常规的 Conventional wisdom has it that males earn more than females..(来源：《柯林斯词典》) ■(adj)(adj.):依照惯例的；墨守成规的 She's very conventional in her views..(来源：《牛津高阶词典》) 词性转换 ■名词：convention;例句：The convention decided to make the change.(来源：《柯林斯词典》)；副词：conventionally; 例句：He dresses conventionally.(来源：《韦氏词典》) 同近义词 ■同义词：traditional::形容词，传统的；例句：The wedding followed traditional customs.(来源：《牛津高阶词典》)； 近义词：customary:形容词，习惯的；例句：It is customary to give people gifts on their birthdays.(来源：《柯林斯词典》) 固定搭配 ■短语1：conventional method:传统方法；适用于描述采用传统方式做事的场景，语法上method为名词；例句：They used the conventional method to solve the problem.(来源：《朗文当代英语词典》)；短语2：conventional wisdom: 传统观点；适用于讨论普遍接受的观点的场景，wisdom为名词；例句：Conventional wisdom says that you should save money for a rainy day..(来源：《柯林斯词典》)；短语3：conventional weapon:常规武器；适用于军事或安全 相关场景，weapon为名词；例句：The country has a large stockpile of conventional weapons.(来源：《牛津高阶词典》) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词词义，用于描述事物具有传统特征；原题：In many countries,,it is still a (conventional)practice to wear black at funerals.(答案：conventional) (来源：教材) trick 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):诡计；花招；骗局 He played a trick on her:(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):技巧；窍门；技艺 The trick is to hold your breath while you aim.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(V.):欺骗；欺诈；哄骗 He tricked me into lending him my car.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：trickery:例句：He used trickery to get what he wanted.(来源：柯林斯词典)形容词：tricky:例句：The question is a bit tricky.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式I过去分词：tricked(规则变化，直接加-ed);例句：She tricked him out of his money..(来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：tricking(直接加-ing):例句：He is always tricking others. (来源：自编符合语法规范) 同近义词 ■近义词：deceive(v.):欺骗；例句：He deceived me into believing him.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：cheat(v.): 欺骗；作弊；例句：He cheated in the exam.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：swindle(v.):诈骗；骗取；例句：They swindled the old man out of his savings.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：play a trick on sb..:捉弄某人；适用于描述对某人开玩笑或使坏的场景，语法上on后接被捉弄的对象；例句： Ne played a trick on our teacher on April Fools'Day.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：trick sb.into doing sth.:欺骗某 人做某事；适用于描述欺骗他人做不愿意做的事的场景，语法上into后接动名词；例句：He tricked her into signing the contract..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：trick sb.out of sth.:骗取某人的某物；适用于描述通过欺骗手段获取他 人财物等的场景，语法上out of后接被骗取的物品；例句：The salesman tricked the old lady out of her money..(来 源：自编符合语法规范)短语4：the trick of the trade:行业诀窍；适用于谈论某个行业的技巧和方法的场景；例句： An experienced chef knows the trick of the trade.(来源：自编符合语法规范) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察trick sb..into doing sth.固定搭配；原题：He_ (trick)me (buy)the useless thing.(答案： tricked:into buying)考法2：考察名词单复数；原题：These_(trick)are very interesting.(答案：tricks) (来源：教材) trendsetter 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):引领潮流者；开创时尚的人：标新立异者 Fashion designers are often trend setters.(来源：韦氏词典) [词性转换 ■动词：trendset;指引领潮流、开创时尚；例句：The brand has been trendsetting in the industry for years.(来源：柯 林斯词典)；形容词：trendsetting;指引领潮流的、开创时尚的；例句：The trendsetting hairstyle quickly became popular..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：pioneer:名词，先驱、倡导者；例句：He is a pioneer in the field of modern art..(来源：韦氏词典)；- 近义词：innovator:名词，创新者、革新者；例句：The innovator introduced a new business model.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a trendsetter in.:…方面的引领潮流者；适用于描述在某领域引领潮流的人或事物，语法上in后接具体 领域；例句：She is a trendsetter in the beauty industry..(来源：韦氏词典)；短语2：become a trendsetter:成为引领 潮流者；适用于描述某人或某物开始引领潮流的场景；例句：The young designer has become a trendsetter in street -wear.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化：原题：Many famous」 (trendsetter)attended the fashion show.(答案：trendsetters) (来源：教材) contract 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):合同；契约 The company has just signed a new contract..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V.):收缩；缩小 Metals contract as they get cooler.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):签订合同；订立契约 They contracted to build the new bridge.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：contract;动词：contract;形容词：contractual;副词：contractually:例句：The two parties have contractual obligations.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：agreement:名词，协议；例句：They reached an agreement on the price.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义 词：compact::名词，契约；例句：The two countries made a compact to reduce tariffs.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：sign a contract:签订合同；适用于商业、合作等签约场景，语法上sign为谓语动词；例句：Ne signed a contract with a new supplier..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：break a contract:违反合同；适用于一方未履行合同条 款的场景，语法上break为谓语动词；例句：He broke the contract and had to pay a fine..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3： contract with sb.:与某人签订合同；适用于描述签约对象的场景，语法上with后接签约对象；例句：Our company contracted with a software firm.（来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：contract to do sth.:签约做某事；适用于说明合同约定的 行为，语法上to后接动词原形；例句：They contracted to deliver the goods by the end of the month.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式：原题：The metal (contract)when it cools..(答案contracted)考法 2:考察固定搭配sign a contract;原题：The two companies decided to _to cooperate.(答案：sign a contract) (来源：教材) launch 词义与词性 ■()(v.):发动；发起；开展 The police have launched an investigation into the accident.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):发射 China successfully launched another satellite last month.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n.)(n.):发射；发起；上市 The launch of the new product was a great success..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：launcher;发射者；发射器；例句：The missile launcher is very powerful..(来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式和过去分 词：launched;规则变化，直接加-ed;例句：They launched a new campaign last week.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分 词：launching;规则变化，直接加-ing;例句：The company is launching a new advertising campaign.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：stat:动词，开始；例句：Let's start our journey..（来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：initiate:动词，发起；例 句：He initiated a new project.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：release:动词，发布；发行；例句：The company will release a new album next month.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：launch into:开始从事；投身于；适用于描述开始做某事的场景，语法上后接名词或动名词；例句：He launched into a new business.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：launch an attack:发动攻击；适用于军事或竞争等攻击场景， 语法上an attack为名词短语；例句：The enemy launched an attack at dawn.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：launch a campaign:发起一场运动；适用于社会活动、商业推广等场景，语法上a campaign为名词短语；例句：The government launched a campaign to reduce pollution.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：launch a satellite:发射卫星；适用于航 天领域场景，语法上a satellite为名词短语；例句：The country launched a satellite to explore space.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式：原题：The school_ ((launch)a reading-campaign last year,.(答案： launched)考法2：考察固定搭配launch into:原题：He _a passionate speech about environmental protection.(答案： launched into) (来源：教材) hire 词义与词性