选修二Unit 2词汇精讲-高中英语2025沪教版

选修2Unit2词汇精讲 Unit 2 status 词义与词性 ■(n)(n):地位；身份 People of higher status tend to have more privileges.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n.)(n.):情形；状况；状态 We should keep a close eye on the economic status.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：status quo(现状的)：例句：They want to maintain the status quo.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：position:名词，地位；例句：He has a high position in the company..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：rank: 名词，等级；例句：He rose through the ranks quickly.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：social status:社会地位；适用于描述个人在社会中的地位情况，语法上为名词短语；例句：His social status has improved a lot..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：status quo:现状；适用于描述事物当前的状态，语法上为名词短语：例句： The government wants to maintain the status quo.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：status symbol:地位象征；适用于描述 能体现个人地位的事物，语法上为名词短语；例句：Aluxury car is often seen as a status symbol.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词词义；原题：The social (status)of women has changed greatly in the past few decades.(status) 考法2：考察固定搭配status quo原题：They are trying to preserve the_ in this area.(答案：status quo) (来源：教材) log 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):原木；圆木；木料 The cabin was made of logs.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):航海日志；飞行日志 The captain kept a detailed log of the voyage.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):把…载入正式记录；记录 He logged the details of the accident..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(.)(v.):行驶（若干距离）：飞行（若干时间） The plane logged2000 miles.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：logger;动词：logged(过去式和过去分词，规则变化，直接加-ged),logging(现在分词，双写g加-ing); 例句：The logger cut down many trees.(来源：柯林斯词典)；The ship has logged many miles.(来源：牛津高阶词 典)；They are logging the forest..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：record:动词，记录；例句：Please record the important information.(来源：牛津高阶词典)：近义词：register: 动词，登记；例句：You should register your new address.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：logi:登录；进入（计算机系统）；适用于使用账号密码进入电子设备系统的场景，语法上后可接登录 的系统；例句：You need to log in to your account first.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：log out:退出登录；适用 于结束在电子系统操作后离开的场景，语法上可单独使用；例句：Please log out when you finish your work.(来源： 柯林斯词典)短语3：sleep like a log:睡得很沉；适用于描述人睡眠状态的场景，语法上作表语；例句：He slept like a log last night.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：log sth.up:达到（某一数量、程度等）；适用于描述数量、程 度积累的场景，语法上up后可接数量等；例句：The company has logged up a large profit this year..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式：原题：She (log)her daily experiences in her diary last month. logged)考法2：考察固定搭配log in:原题：1cant_(log)_一my email account..(答案：log:in) (来源：教材) analyse 词义与词性 ■()(v.):分析；剖析 We should leam to analyse and solve problems.(来源：《朗文当代高级英语辞典》) ■()(V.):对…进行心理分析；分析（某人的心理） She analysed what she said to him.(来源：《柯林斯高阶英语学习词典》) 词性转换 ■-名词：analysis(分析)；例句：They made a careful analysis of the problem.(来源：《牛津高阶词典》)-名词复 数：analyses(analysis的复数形式，读音变化：[e'naelesIz]变为[e'naelesi:z]);例句：The analyses show that the situation is not as bad as we thought..(来源：《朗文当代高级英语辞典》)-动词过去式/过去分词：analysed(规 则变化，直接加-ed);例句：The scientist analysed the data last week.(来源：《柯林斯高阶英语学习词典》)-动 词现在分词：analysing(去e加-ing);例句：He is analysing the experiment results.(来源：《朗文当代高级英语辞典》) 同近义词 ■-同义词：analyze(v.):分析；美式英语写法；例句：e need to analyze the causes of the problem.(来源：《韦氏 大词典》)-近义词：examine(v.):检查；仔细观察并分析；例句：The doctor examined the patient carefully.(来 源：《牛津高阶词典》)-近义词：study(v.):研究；对事物进行深入分析；例句：They are studying the new policy. (来源：《柯林斯高阶英语学习词典》) 固定搭配 ■短语1：analyse sth.in detail:详细分析某物；适用于需要深入研究事物的场景，语法上in detail为状语；例句： We should analyse the problem in detail..(来源：《牛津高阶词典》)短语2：analyse data:分析数据；适用于科 研、商业等涉及数据处理的场景；例句：Scientists often analyse data to draw conclusions.(来源：《柯林斯高阶 英语学习词典》)短语3：analyse the cause:分析原因；适用于探讨事情发生缘由的场景；例句：Ne need to analyse the cause of the accident.(来源：《朗文当代高级英语辞典》)短语4：analyse the situation:分析形势；适 用于对局势进行判断的场景；例句：Leaders should be able to analyse the situation accurately.(来源：《牛津高阶词典》) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式：原题：The experts _(analyse)the samples and found some important infommation.(答案：analysed)考法2：考察名词形式analysis:原题：The_(analyse)of the market situation is very important for our business..(答案：analysis) (来源：教材) gossip 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):流言蜚语；闲谈 She loves to spread gossip about her neighbors.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):传播流言；说长道短 They often gossip about others behind their backs.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：gossip;动词：gossip;现在分词：gossiping;过去式和过去分词：gossiped;例句：She was gossiping with her friends all afternoon.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：chat:动词，闲聊；例句：We sat by the fire and chatted for hours..(来源：牛津高阶词典)：近义词：tattle: 动词，说闲话；例句：She's always tattling about the neighbors.(来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：gossip about sb/sth:说某人/煤事的闲话；适用于谈论他人隐私等场景，语法上about后接谈论对象；例 句：They often gossip about the celebrities.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：have a gossip with sb:与某人闲聊； 适用于日常交流场景，语法上with后接闲聊对象；例句：I had a gossip with my old friend yesterday.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式：原题：She_(gossip)with her classmates when the teacher came in..(答案：was gossiping)考法2：考察固定搭配gossip about:原题：Dont_ (gossip)about others'private lives.(答案：gossip) (来源：教材) dozen 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):(一)打，十二个 1 bought a dozen eggs..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):十来个，十几个 There were dozens of people at the party.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：dozens;例句：Dozens of books are on the shelf..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：score:名词，二十；例句：A score of people were present..(来源：柯林斯词典)-近义词：bunch:名词， 一群；例句：A bunch of children were playing in the park.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a dozen:一打，十二个；适用于描述数量为十二个的场景，语法上后接可数名词复数；例句：She bought a dozen roses.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：dozens of::许多，大量；适用于描述数量很多的场景，后接可数名词 复数；例句：Dozens of birds flew over the lake..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：half a dozen:半打，六个；适用于描 述数量为六个的场景，后接可数名词复数；例句：I need half a dozen eggs..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察dozen的固定用法，当dozen前有具体数字时，dozen用单数；原题：He bought three_ (dozen)apples. (答案：dozen)考法2：考察dozens of的用法；原题： (dozen)of students went to the museum.(答案：Dozens) (来源：教材) bet 词义与词性 ■()(v.):打赌；敢说；确信 I bet you can't run ten miles.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):打赌：赌注 Let's make a bet on the outcome of the game.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■过去式I过去分词：bet或betted;现在分词：betting;名词：bettor(打赌者)；例句：The bettors were waiting nervously for the result.(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：wager:动词，打赌；名词，赌注；例句：He wagered a large sum of money on the horse race.(来源：牛津 高阶词典)；近义词：gamble:动词，赌博；打赌；例句：Don't gamble your money away.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：bet on:就…打赌；适用于打赌某个事件结果的场景，语法上on后接打赌的对象；例句：I bet on the Lakers to win.（来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：make a bet:打赌；适用于发起打赌行为的场景，语法上可单独使用；例句： Let's make a bet about who is right.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：bet one's bottom dollar:绝对有把握；适用于表 达对某事很确定的场景，语法上可单独成句；例句：You can bet your bottom dollar that he'll be late.(来源：韦氏词 典)短语4：Ibet:我敢说；适用于表达自己的观点或猜测的场景，语法上可单独成句；例句：Ibet she's already forgotten about our date.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：He (bet)that he could finish the work in a week.(答案：bet)考法2：考察 固定搭配“make a bet on”;原题：They decided to. _who would win the game.(答案：make a bet on) (来源：教材) pray [词义与词性 ■()(v.):祈祷；祷告 They knelt down and prayed..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):祈求；恳切地希望 I pray that you'll be safe..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：prayer;例句：They said a prayer for the safety of the sailors.(来源：牛津高阶词典)现在分词：praying;例 句：She was praying silently.(来源：柯林斯词典)过去式和过去分词：prayeda;例句：He prayed for guidance last night..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：plead:动词，祈求；例句：He pleaded with her to stay.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：beg:动词，恳求； 例句：She begged him for forgiveness.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：pray for:为…祈祷；适用于表达为某人或某事祈福的场景，语法上for后接祈祷的对象；例句：Ne prayed for the success of the project..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：pray to sb:向某人祈祷；适用于宗教或信仰场景， 语法上to后接祈祷的对象；例句：They pray to God every day.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：pray that.:祈求 :适用于表达愿望或希望的场景，语法上that后接从句：例句：I pray that he will recover soon.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式：原题：She is (pray)for her sick mother.(答案：praying)考法2：考察固定搭 配pray for;原题：People often.」 (pray)for peace..(答案：pray) (来源：教材) intense 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):强烈的；剧烈的；极度的 He felt intense pain in his chest.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj):热切的；热情的；认真的 She has an intense interest in art.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj)(adj):专注的；认真的；全力以赴的 The intense study required for the exam left him exhausted.(来源：韦氏大词典) [词性转换 ■副词：intensely;例句：He loved her intensely.(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：intensity:例句：The intensity of the sunlight was unbearable.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：strong:形容词，强烈的；例句：He has a strong will..(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：extreme:.形容词， 极度的；例句：The extreme heat made it difficult to go outside.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：fierce:形容词，强烈 的；例句：There was a fierce competition among the students.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：intense heat::酷热；适用于描述天气炎热的场景，语法上heat为名词；例句：Ne suffered from the intense heat last summer..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：intense competition:激烈的竞争；适用于描述竞争场景，语法 上competition为名词；例句：The intense competition in the market forced many companies to improve..（来源：柯林 斯词典)短语3：intense emotion:强烈的情感；适用于描述情感方面的场景，语法上emotion为名词；例句：He couldn't control his intense emotion when he heard the news..(来源：韦氏大词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词词义：原题：The_ ,heat of the sun made the ground hot..(答案：intense)考法2：考察其副词形 式：原题：He stared at her (intense).(答案：intensely) (来源：教材) consequently 词义与词性 ■(adv.)(adw.):因此，所以；用于引出某种结果或后果。 They didn't like the plan and consequently rejected i.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■-形容词：consequent(作为结果的，随之发生的)例句：The rise in prices was consequent on the failure of the crops (来源：柯林斯词典)-名词：consequence(结果，后果)例句：You should be responsible for the consequences of your actions.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：therefore(adv.):因此，所以例句：He was ill,and therefore could not come.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-同 义词：thus(adv.):因此，从而例句：He studied hard,thus he passed the exam.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：and consequently:因而，所以；适用于在句子中进一步说明因果关系，语法上连接两个句子。例句：He was late and consequently missed the train.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：consequently to:由于，因为：适用于引出导致某 种结果的原因，语法上后接原因。例句：Consequently to the heavy rain,the game was postponed.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作副词，用于连接句子表示因果关系；原题：He didn't work hard. ,he failed the exam.(答案：Consequently) (来源：教材) consistently 词义与词性 ■(adv.)(adw.):一贯地；始终如一地 He has consistently performed we.∥in exams.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■-形容词：consistent;例句：The results are consistent with our earlier research.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-名词： consistency;例句：e need to ensure the consistency of quality in our products.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：constantly:副词，不断地；例句：He is constantly complaining about his workload..(来源：牛津高阶词典) -近义词：regularly:副词，有规律地；例句：She visits her parents regularly..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：consistently with:与…一致；适用于描述事物之间的一致性场景，语法上with后接与之对比的事物；例 句：His actions are consistently with his words.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：consistently good/bad:一直好/差； 适用于描述事物表现的持续状态，语法上后接描述状态的形容词；例句：The team has been consistently good this year.（来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作副词，考察其修饰动词的用法；原题：The athlete has performed (consistent)well this season.(答案： consistently) (来源：教材) compromise 词义与词性 ■()(v.):妥协；让步；和解 Ve had to compromise with him on this issue.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V.):危及；损害；使陷入危险 The spy compromised the safety of the whole country..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n)(n.):妥协；和解；折中 They reached a compromise over the pay claim..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：compromising;意为有失体面的，使陷入尴尬的；例句：He was involved in some compromising situations (来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式I过去分词：compromised;规则变化，直接加-d;例句：They compromised their principles.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：compromising:;去e加-ing;例句：She is compromising on this matter.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：concede:动词，让步；例句：He finally conceded to our demand.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：yield: 动词，屈服；让步；例句：Ne will never yield to the enemy.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：settle:动词，和解；解 决；例句：They settled their differences.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：compromise with sb..on sth.:就某事与某人妥协；适用于双方协商解决问题的场景，语法上with后接妥 协的对象，on后接具体的事情：例句：e should compromise with each other on this plan..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：reach a compromise:达成妥协：适用于描述双方经过协商后达成一致的场景；例句：After long-term negotiation,they reached a compromise.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：make a compromise:做出妥协；适用于表达 一方或双方做出让步的场景；例句：You should make a compromise to solve the problem.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短 语4：compromise one's principles:违背某人的原则；适用于描述某人放弃自己原本坚持的原则的场景；例句：You shouldn't compromise your principles for money.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：They (compromise)on the price last week..(答案：compromised)考法 2:考察固定搭配reach a compromise;:原题：The two sides finally. (reach a compromise)after hours of negotiation.(答案：reached a compromise) (来源：教材) delete 词义与词性 ■()(V.):删除；删去 Delete his name from the list..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：deletion;例句：The deletion of the paragraph improved the article..(来源：柯林斯词典)；动词过去式和过去 分词：deleted;例句：I deleted the file by mistake.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；动词现在分词：deleting;例句：Heis deleting some unnecessary emails.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：erase(v.):擦除，清除；例句：Please erase the blackboard..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；-近义词：remove (v.):移除，去掉；例句：Remove the stain from your shirt.（来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：delete from:从…中删除；适用于描述从某个范围里去掉东西的场景，语法上rom后接被删除内容所在 的范围；例句：Delete this photo from my album.(来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语2：delete sth.completely:彻底删除 某物；适用于强调删除的彻底性的场景，语法上completely为副词修饰delete;例句：You'd better delete these files completely..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：She_ (delete)the message just now,(答案：deleted);考法2：考察固定 搭配delete from:原题：You should these useless files _your computer.(答案：delete:fom) (来源：教材) nasty 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj.):令人厌恶的；使人难受的 The smel∥in the room was really nasty.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj):恶意的；恶毒的 He gave her a nasty look.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj)(adj):严重的；恶劣的 She had a nasty fall..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■副词：nastily;例句：He smiled nastily at her..(来源：柯林斯词典)名词：nastiness;例句：The nastiness of his remarks shocked everyone.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：repulsive:形容词，令人厌恶的；例句：The repulsive smell made me sick.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词： vicious:形容词，恶毒的；例句：He has a vicious temper.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a nasty accident:严重的事故；适用于描述意外事件的场景，语法上直接作名词短语；例句：He had a nasty accident on his wayto work.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：a nasty temper:暴躁的脾气；适用于描述人的性格特点场 景，语法上直接作名词短语；例句：He has a nasty temper..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：nasty remarks:恶毒的言语； 适用于描述言语攻击场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：She made some nasty remarks about him.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其在句子中作定语的用法；原题：The_(nasty)weather made our trip terrible.(答案：nasty) 考法2：考察其词义“恶意的”：原题：Don't be so to others.(答案：nasty) (来源：教材) profile 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):简介；概况；传略；人物简介 The magazine published a profile of the new prime minister..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):侧面；侧面像 He drew her profile..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(V.):扼要介绍；概述；写简介 The article profiles the major candidates in the election.(来源：韦氏词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：profiled(有某种侧面形象的；有某种轮廓的)；例句：The athlete has a well-profiled face.(来源：英语常 用词搭配词典)动词现在分词：profiling;例句：The journalist is profiling the famous scientist.(来源：英语搭配大词 典)动词过去式和过去分词：profiled;例句：The report profiled the economic situation of the region.(来源：英语常 用词用法详解大词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：biography(n.):传记；例句：He wrote a biography of Abraham Lincoln..(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： outline(n.):提纲；梗概；例句：Give me an outline of the story.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：high profile:引人注目的；高姿态的；适用于描述人或事物受到广泛关注的场景，语法上作定语或表语；例 句：The company is taking a high-profile approach to the new product launch.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：low profile:不引人注目的；低调的；适用于描述人或事物不想受到过多关注的场景，语法上作定语或表语；例句：He keeps a low profile in public.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：profile of:.…的简介；适用于描述对某人或某物进行介 绍的场景，语法上of后接被介绍的对象；例句：The book contains profiles of famous artists.(来源：韦氏词典)短 语4：profile sb/sth as.:把某人/某物描述成…；适用于描述对人或事物进行定性的场景，语法上as后接描述的 内容；例句：The media profiled him as a hero.(来源：英语常用词搭配词典) 典型考法