七年级下册Unit 1-2025初中英语词汇精讲（新人教版）

7年级下Unit1词汇精讲 Unit 1 giraffe [词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):长颈鹿 The giraffe is an African animal..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■复数形式：giraffes;例句：There are several giraffes in the zoo.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：camelopard:名词，长颈鹿；例句：The camelopard has a very long neck.(来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：giraffe neck:长颈鹿脖子；适用于描述外形特征场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：The giraffe neck helps it reach the leaves on tall trees.(来源：剑桥词典)；短语2：giraffe house:长颈鹿馆；适用于描述动物园场所场景， 语法上作名词短语；例句：Let's go to the giraffe house.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的复数形式；原题：There are three_(giraffe)in the picture.(答案：giraffes) (来源：教材) fox 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):狐狸 A fox was running across the field.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):狡猾的人 He's a sly old fox.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):使迷惑 His question really foxed me.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：foxes;例句：There are several foxes living in this forest.(来源：朗文当代词典)动词过去式和过去分词： foxed;例句：I was completely foxed by his puzzle.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：foxing;例句：He is always foxing people with his tricks.(来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：cunning person:名词，狡猾的人；例句：He is a real cunning person.(来源：朗文当代词典)近义词：vixen: 名词，雌狐；例句：The vixⅸen was taking care of her cubs..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：play the fox:耍滑头；适用于描述人耍小聪明的场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句：Don't play the fox with me.(来源：韦氏大词典)短语2：as cunning as a fox:像狐狸一样狡猾；适用于形容人的性格特点，语法上可作表 语；例句：He is as cunning as a fox..（来源：牛津高阶词典)短语3：fox someone into doing sth.:哄骗某人做某事； 适用于描述哄骗他人的场景，语法上into后接动名词；例句：He foxed her into lending him money.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的复数形式：原题：There are many fox)in the zoo..(答案：foxes)考法2：作动词，考察其过去式 形式：原题：The difficult problem」 (fox)him yesterday.(答案：foxed) (来源：教材) eagle 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):鹰 An eagle circled high overhead.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：eagles;规则是直接加-s;例句：Ne saw several eagles soaring in the sky.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：hawk:名词，鹰；例句：A hawk swooped down on its prey.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：falcon:名 词，猎鹰；例句：The falcon is a fast-flying bird.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：eagle eye:敏锐的日光；适用于形容人观察能力强的场景，语法上作名词短语；例句：The detective had an eagle eye for detail..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：eagle's nest:鹰巢；适用于描述鹰居住的地方，语法上作 名词短语；例句：Ne found an eagle's nest on the cliff.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的单复数形式；原题：There are many. (eagle)in the nature reserve.(答案：eagles) (来源：教材) penguin 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):企鹅 Penguins are flightless birds that live mainly in the Southem Hemisphere.(来源：剑桥词典) 词性转换 ■通常无常见词性转换形式 同近义词 ■同义词：spheniscid:名词，企鹅；例句：Spheniscids are well-adapted to cold environments..(来源：专业生物学文 献) 固定搭配 ■短语1：penguin colony:企鹅群落；适用于描述企鹅生活群体的场景，语法上colony为名词；例句：Ne visited a penguin colony on the island.(来源：自然探索类书籍)：短语2：emperor penguin:帝企鹅；适用于介绍特定种类企鹅 的场景，语法上emperor为名词作定语；例句：Emperor penguins are famous for their large size..(来源：国家地理杂志) 典型考法 暂未搜索到今年各地高考真题或者各地模拟题中与该词汇相关的选词填空和语法填空题目 (来源：教材) wolf 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):狼 Nolves hunt in packs.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):色狼；色鬼 He's a real wolf.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：wolves;规则是将f变为v再加es;例句：There are several wolves in the forest..(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：jackal::名词，豺；例句：Jackals are often seen in the savannah.（来源：韦氏大词典)-近义词：coyote: 名词，郊狼；例句：Coyotes are adaptable animals.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：cry wolf:谎报险情；发假警报；适用于描述故意夸大危险的场景，语法上直接使用；例句：Don't cry wolf all the time,or no one will believe you.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：keep the wolf from the door:勉强度日；免于 饥饿；适用于描述维持基本生活的场景，语法上直接使用；例句：He works hard to keep the wolf from the door.(来 源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词复数形式：原题：There are many (wolf)in the zoo.(答案：wolves) (来源：教材) care 词义与词性 ■()(v.):关心；在意；担忧 I don't care what they think.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V.):照顾；照料 She cared for her sick mother..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(n.)(n.):照顾；照料 The old man needs constant care.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):小心；谨慎 Take care not to break the glass.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■-形容词：careful(小心的；谨慎的)；例句：Be careful when you cross the road.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-形容词： careless(粗心的；疏忽的)；例句：He made a careless mistake.(来源：柯林斯词典)-副词：carefully(小心地； 谨慎地)；例句：You should listen to the teacher carefully.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-副词：carelessly(粗心地；疏忽 地)；例句：He drove carelessly and had an accident..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：concern(v.):关心；担忧；例句：This problem concerns all of us.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：mind (v.):关心；介意；例句：Nould you mind closing the window?(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：care about:关心；在意；适用于表达对人或事物的关心场景，语法上about.后接关心的对象；例句：She cares about her friends.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：care for:照顾；照料；适用于描述照顾人或事物的场景，语 法上for后接被照顾的对象；例句：|care for my little sister..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：take care:小心；注意； 适用于提醒别人注意安全等场景，语法上单独使用；例句：Take care when you go out.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语 4:take care of:照顾；照料；适用于描述照顾人或事物的场景，语法上of后接被照顾的对象；例句：You should take care of your health.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式：原题：Shes」 (cae)for the old man..(答案：caring)考法2：考察固定搭配 care about;原题：He doesn't (care about)his appearance..(答案：care about) (来源：教材) snake 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):蛇 A snake slithered across the path.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ()(v.):曲折前行；蜿蜒伸展 The river snakes through the valley..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：snakes;例句：There are many snakes in the zoo.(来源：朗文当代词典)；动词现在分词：snaking;例 句：The traffic was snaking along the narrow road.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；动词过去式和过去分词：snaked;例句： The path snaked down the hill.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：serpent:名词，蛇：例句：The serpent coiled around the branch.(来源：韦氏大词典)；-近义词：viper: 名词，毒蛇；例句：The viper''s bite can be deadly..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a snake in the grass:暗藏的敌人；隐患；适用于描述隐藏的危险人物或事物的场景，语法上在句中作宾 语；例句：You should be careful of him.He is a snake in the grass.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：snake through: 蜿蜒穿过；适用于描述物体曲折穿过某个地方的场景，语法上through后接穿过的地点；例句：The train snaked through the mountains.(来源：柯林斯词典)：短语3：snake one'sway:曲折前行；适用于描述人或物体以曲折的方 式移动的场景，语法上后接移动的方向；例句：We snaked our way through the crowded market..(来源：朗文当代词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化：原题：There are three. (snake)in the cage.（答案：snakes):考法2：作动词，考察其 现在分词形式；原题：The line of people was__(snake)around the comer..(答案：snaking) (来源：教材) scary 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj.):恐怖的；吓人的 The scary movie made me scream.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■副词：scarily;形容词：scarier(比较级)，scariest(最高级)；名词：scare;动词：scare;例句：The storm was scarily powerful..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：frightening(ad):令人恐惧的；-近义词：terrifying(adj.):极其恐怖的；-近义词：horrible(adj.):可怕 的；例句：The frightening noise woke me up.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：scary movie:恐怖电影；适用于描述电影类型的场景，语法上直接修饰名词；例句：Idon't like scary movies. (来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语2：scary story:恐怖故事；适用于描述故事类型的场景，语法上直接修饰名词；例句： He told us a scary story..(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语3：look scary:看起来吓人；适用于描述外观给人的感觉的场 景，语法上look为系动词；例句：The old house looks scary.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其比较级和最高级形式：原题：This haunted house is._(scary)than that one..（答案scarier): 考法2：考察固定搭配scary movie;原题：My brother loves watching, (scary)movies.(答案：scay) (来源：教材) sandwich 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):三明治；夹心面包片 A sandwich and a cup of coffee.(来源：《新概念英语》) ■()(V.):把…夹在…之间；挤在…中间 She sandwiched her clothes between two books..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：sandwiches;遵循一般名词变复数规则，在词尾加-es;例句：'d like two sandwiches.(来源：牛津高阶 词典)动词过去式和过去分词：sandwiched;规则变化，直接加-ed;例句：I was sandwiched between two fat men on the bus.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：hoagie:名词，三明治；例句：He ordered a hoagie for lunch.(来源：韦氏词典)-近义词：sub:名词， 潜水艇三明治；例句：I had a sub for dinner..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：sandwich sth.between sth.:把某物夹在某物之间；适用于描述放置物品的场景，语法上between后接两个 并列的物品；例句：Sandwich the cakes together with cream.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：make a sandwich:制 作三明治；适用于描述制作食物的场景，语法上make后直接接sandwich;例句：She made a sandwich for her son. (来源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的复数形式：原题：'d like three (sandwich)for lunch.(答案：sandwiches) (来源：教材) shark [词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):鲨鱼 The shark is a fierce predator.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：sharks;例句：Ne saw several sharks in the ocean.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：pike:名词，梭子鱼；例句：The pike is also a sharp-toothed fish.(来源：韦氏大词典)；近义词：ray:名 词，鳐鱼；例句：Rays are often seen in shallow waters.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：shark fin soup:鱼翅汤；适用于餐饮、食物相关场景，语法上直接使用该短语；例句：Shark fin soup was once considered a delicacy..(来源：剑桥词典)；短语2：shark attack:鲨鱼袭击；适用于描述海洋危险事件场景， 语法上可作主语、宾语等；例句：Shark attacks are rare but terrifying.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化；原题：There are many_ (shark)in the aquarium.(答案：sharks) (来源：教材) neck 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):颈；脖子 She wore a diamond necklace round her neck.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):衣领；领口 Grab him by the neck.（来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：necked;有…颈的；例句：a long-necked bird(来源：韦氏词典)动词：neck;搂颈亲吻；例句：They were necking in the back seat of the car.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：ceviⅸ(n.):颈部；（尤指）宫颈；例句：The cervix is the lower part of the uterus.(来源：牛津高阶词典) -近义词：throat(n.):咽喉；例句：'ve got a sore throat.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：neck and neck:并驾齐驱：不分上下；适用于描述竞争双方的状态，语法上可作表语或状语；例句：The two horses were neck and neck as they approached the finish line.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：break one's neck:拼 命做某事；适用于表达某人非常努力地去完成某事的场景，语法上后接to do sth.;例句：He broke his neck to finish the work on time.(来源：韦氏词典)短语3：risk one's neck:冒生命危险；适用于描述某人处于危险境地的场景； 例句：He risked his neck climbing that mountain.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：These giraffes have long_ (neck).(答案：necks)考法2：考察固定搭配neck and neck:原题：The two runners were in the race.(答案：neck and neck) (来源：教材) guess 词义与词性 ■(.)(v.):猜测；估计；猜对；猜中 I can't even guess how many people were there.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):猜测；猜想；估计 My guess is that he∥come tomorrow.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：guess;动词过去式I过去分词：guessed(规则变化，直接加-ed);例句：I guessed the answer correctly. (来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：guessing(直接加-ing);例句：She's still guessing the result.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：suppose:动词，猜想、假设；例句：I suppose you're right..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：predict:动 词，预言、预测；例句：t's hard to predict the future.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：guess at::猜测；适用于推测未知事物的场景，语法上at后接猜测的对象；例句：Let's guess at the answer.. (来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：guess what::你猜怎么着；用于引起他人兴趣或引出令人惊讶的事情，无严格语法 要求；例句：Guess what?I got a promotion.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：make a guess:猜测；适用于表达进行猜 测这一行为的场景，无严格语法要求；例句：Make a guess about the meaning of the word..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语4：your guess is as good as mine:我也不知道；适用于回答不知道答案的场景，无严格语法要求；例句：A: Nhen will he come?B:Your guess is as good as mine.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：He (guess)the number just now.(答案：guessed)考法2：考察固定搭 配guess at:原题：Can you_. the price of this dress?:(答案：guess at) (来源：教材) whale 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):鲸 The blue whale is the largest animal on the earth.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 词性转换 ■动词：whale(猛击；使惨败)；例句：Our team was whaled in the final.(来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：cetacean:名词，鲸类动物；例句：Cetaceans are highly intelligent marine mammals..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a whale of a:极大的；非常好的；适用于描述事物程度很高的场景，语法上后接名词；例句：Ne had a whale of a time at the party..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：whale away at:连续猛击；不断批评；适用于描述攻击 或批评的场景，语法上at后接被攻击或批评的对象；例句：The boxer whaled away at his opponent..(来源：韦氏大词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的单复数形式：原题：There are many kinds of__(whale))in the ocean..(答案：whales) (来源：教材) huge 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj):巨大的；极多的；程度高的 The problem is of huge importance.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■副词：hugely:例句：The party was hugely successful..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：enormous:形容词，巨大的；例句：The elephant has an enormous body..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义 词：immense:形容词，极大的；例句：They made an immense amount of money..(来源：柯林斯词典)；近义词： gigantic:形容词，巨大的；例句：A gigantic wave crashed onto the shore.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a huge amount of:大量的；适用于修饰不可数名词的场景，语法上amount为单数形式；例句：He has spent a huge amount of time on this project..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：huge success:.巨大的成功；适用 于描述事物取得成功的场景，语法上success为名词；例句：The concert was a huge success.(来源：柯林斯词 典)；短语3：huge difference:巨大的差异；适用于描述两者之间差异大的场景，语法上difference为名词；例 句：There is a huge difference between the two cultures.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语4：huge crowd:一大群人； 适用于描述人群数量多的场景，语法上crowd为名词；例句：A huge crowd gathered at the stadium.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其在句中修饰名词的用法；原题：This is a._(huge)building..(答案：huge) (来源：教材) save 词义与词性 ■()(.)：节省；节约；省去 Consumers will save thousands of dollars if they buy the house now.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(V.):救助：挽救；拯救 The doctors saved her life.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V.):储蓄；攒钱 'm saving for a new bike.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 词性转换 ■名词：saving;形容词：savable;例句：The saving of old buildings is important.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：rescue:动词，营救；同义词：preserve:动词，保存；近义词：conserve:动词，节约； 固定搭配 ■短语1：save sb.from sth.：把某人从某物中拯救出来；适用于描述救援场景，语法上from后接危险或困境；例句： The lifeguard saved the child from drowning.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：save money:省钱；适用于描述经济行 为的场景，语法上直接使用；例句：You can save money by shopping at the discount store.（来源：柯林斯词典)短 语3：save for:为…而储蓄；适用于描述储蓄目的的场景，语法上for后接储蓄的目标；例句：She's saving for a holiday.（来源：朗文当代英语词典)短语4：save up:储蓄；攒钱：适用于描述长期储蓄的场景，语法上可单独使 用；例句：'m saving up to buy a car.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式：原题：Hes」 (save)money to buy a gift.(答案：saving)考法2：考察固定搭 配save sb.from sth.;原题：The hero】 the girl the fire.(答案：saved:from) (来源：教材) trunk [词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):象鼻 An elephant uses its trunk to pick up things.（来源：朗文当代英语词典) ■(n.)(n.):树干 The trunk of the old tree is very thick.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):大箱子；旅行箱 She packed all her clothes in a trunk.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：trunklike:像象鼻的；像树干的；例句：The trunklike structure is very unique.(来源：自建) 同近义词