内容正文:
七年级上册Unit7词汇精讲
Unit 7
celebrate
词义与词性
■(.)(v.):庆祝;庆贺
Ve celebrated our victory.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(.)(v.):主持宗教仪式(尤指圣餐)
Priests celebrate Mass.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(.)(v.):颂扬:赞美
The book celebrates the lives of some unsung heroes.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■名词:celebration;例句:We had a big celebration when I passed the exam.(来源:牛津高阶词典)形容词:celebratory;
例句:There was a celebratory mood in the air.(来源:柯林斯词典)动词现在分词:celebrating;例句:They are
celebrating their anniversary.(来源:牛津高阶词典)动词过去式和过去分词:celebrated;例句:The town celebrated
its centenary last year..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■同义词:commemorate(v.):纪念;庆祝;例句:This monument commemorates the heroes.(来源:牛津高阶词
典)近义词:fete(v.):盛宴招待;庆祝;例句:The town feted its team.(来源:柯林斯词典)近义词:honor(v.):
尊敬;庆祝;例句:Ne should honor our ancestors.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:celebrate sth.with sb.:和某人一起庆祝某事;适用于描述庆祝活动参与人员的场景,语法上with后接一
起庆祝的人;例句:Ne celebrated my birthday with my friends.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:celebrate by doing
sth.:通过做某事来庆祝;适用于说明庆祝方式的场景,语法上by后接动名词;例句:They celebrated by having
a party.(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:celebrate a festival:庆祝一个节日;适用于描述节日庆祝的场景,语法上a
后接具体节日;例句:People celebrate the Spring Festival every year..(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语4:celebrate a
victory:庆祝胜利;适用于描述庆祝胜利的场景;例句:The team celebrated their victory in the final..(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:作动词,考察其现在分词形式:原题:They are
(celebrate)the New Year..(答案:celebrating)考法2:考察
固定搭配celebrate sth.with sb.;原题:%often_
our holidays_our family.(答案:celebrate:with)
(来源:教材)
something
词义与词性
■(pron.)(pron.):某事;某物;某东西
Thee's something wrong with my bike.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(pron.)(pron.):重要的事物(或人);值得重视的事物
He thinks he's something since he got that job.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■没有常见的词性转换形式
同近义词
■-同义词:anything:代词,任何事物;例句:Is there anything I can do for you?(来源:牛津高阶词典):-近义词:
a certain thing:短语,某件事;例句:He is hiding a certain thing from us.(来源:英语常用搭配词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:something to do with:与…有关;适用于描述事物之间关联的场景,语法上to do with后接相关的事物:
例句:This book has something to do with science.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:or something:诸如此类的;适
用于表达不确定或模糊的情况,无特殊语法要求;例句:He's a doctor or something..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语
3:something like:有点像;大约;适用于描述相似情况或近似数量,语法上后接相似事物或近似数字;例句:'s
something like ten o'clock.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察不定代词的用法,用于肯定句:原题:There is
(something/anything)in the box.(答案:something):考
法2:考察固定搭配something to do with;原题:This has」
(something/anything)to do with what we are discussing.
案:something)
(来源:教材)
surprise
[词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):惊喜;惊讶;意外的事
The news really gave me a surprise.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■()(V.):使惊奇;使诧异;突然袭击;意外发现
The news really surprised me.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■形容词:surprised:感到惊讶的;常用来修饰人;例句:'m very surprised at the news.(来源:牛津高阶词典)形容
词:surprising:令人惊讶的;常用来修饰物;例句:t's a surprising result.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■同义词:amaze:动词,使惊奇;例句:The magician's tricks amazed the audience.(来源:牛津高阶词典)近义词:
astonish:动词,使十分惊讶;例句:The sheer size of the cathedral astonished us.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:surprise sb.with sth.:用某物使某人惊喜;适用于给人惊喜的场景,语法上with后接带来惊喜的事物:例句:He
surprised her with a bunch offlowers.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:to one's surprise:令某人惊讶的是;适用于表达意
外情况,语法上to后接表示人的所有格;例句:To my surprise,he passed the exam easily.(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:
in surprise:惊讶地;适用于描述人的惊讶状态,在句中作状语;例句:He looked at me in surprise.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作动词,考察其过去式和过去分词形式:原题:The news.
(surprise)me a lot yesterday.(答案:surprised)
考法2:考察形容词surprised和surprising的区别;原题:W%wee
(surprise)at the」
(surprise)news.(答案:
surprised:surprising)
(来源:教材)
sale
词义与词性
■(n)(n):出售;销售;出卖
The local estate agents are advertising lots of houses for sale.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n.)(n.):销售量;销售业务
Sales are up this month.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(n.)(n.):特价销售;大减价
I got this dress in the sale.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■动词:sell;例句:He sold his car for a good price.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:selling:名词,销售;例句:The selling of tobacco is regulated by law.(来源:柯林斯词典)-近义词:
discount::名词,折扣;例句:They are offering a10%discount on all goods.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:on sale:出售;上市;廉价出售;适用于描述商品售卖或促销的场景,语法上常作表语;例句:These books
are on sale this week.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:for sale:待售;适用于描述物品等待被售卖的场景,语法上
常作后置定语;例句:The house is for sale.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语3:sales volume:销售量;适用于商业统
计场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:The company''s sales volume has increased this year..(来源:柯林斯词典)短语
4:sales promotion:促销;适用于商业营销场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:They are planning a sales promotion
next month..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察固定搭配on sale;原题:The shoes are
(廉价出售).(答案:on sale)
(来源:教材)
yogurt
[词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):酸奶;酸乳酪
I like to eat yogurt for breakfast.(来源:剑桥词典)
词性转换
■一般无常见词性转换形式
同近义词
■-同义词:yoghurt:.名词,酸奶例句:She bought a cup of yoghurt at the supermarket.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:fruit yogurt:水果酸奶:适用于描述酸奶种类的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:'d like a cup of fruit yogurt.
(来源:剑桥词典)短语2:yogurt drink:酸奶饮品;适用于描述饮品类型的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:This
yogurt drink tastes good.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的单复数,一般不可数,但在表示不同种类时可用复数:原题:There are different kinds of_(yogurt),
in the fridge..(答案:yogurts)
(来源:教材)
kilo
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):千克;公斤
I bought two kilos of apples.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■名词复数:kilos;在词尾直接加-s构成复数形式;例句:Ne need three kilos of rice.(来源:朗文当代词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:kilogram:名词,千克、公斤;例句:This parcel weighs one kilogram.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:a kilo of:一公斤·;适用于描述物品重量的场景,语法上of后接具体物品;例句:'d like a kilo of sugar..
(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的复数形式;原题:'d like three
(kilo)of bananas.(答案:kilos)
(来源:教材)
total
[词义与词性
■(adj)(adj.):总的;全体的;完全的
What's the total cost?(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):总数;总额;合计
The total of5and3s8.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■()(v.):总数达;共计;把…加起来
Theb训totals to$50.(来源:朗文当代英语词典)
词性转换
■形容词:total;副词:totally;名词:totality;动词过去式I过去分词:totaled(美式)/totalled(英式);动词现在分
词:totaling(美式)/totalling(英式);例句:'m totally wrong.(来源:牛津高阶词典);例句:Ne should consider
the totality of the problem.(来源:柯林斯词典);例句:The damage totalled thousands of dollars.(来源:朗文当代
英语词典);例句:The losses are sti圳I totalling up.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■近义词:entire:形容词,全部的;近义词:whole::形容词,完整的;近义词:sum:名词,总数;例句:He spent
his entire life in the country.(来源:牛津高阶词典);例句:I ate the whole apple.(来源:柯林斯词典);例句:The
sum of these numbers is large.(来源:朗文当代英语词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:in total:总共;适用于描述数量的汇总场景,语法上常置于句末;例句:There are20 people in total.(来源:
牛津高阶词典)短语2:a total of:总计达;适用于说明数量的总和,语法上后接具体数量;例句:A total of100
people attended the meeting.(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:total up:把…加起来;适用于计算总数的场景,语法上
后接需要相加的事物;例句:Please total up these figures.(来源:朗文当代英语词典)
典型考法
考法1:作形容词,考察其在句中作定语修饰名词:原题:The
number of students in our class is45.(答案:total)考
法2:作动词,考察其过去式形式:原题:The expenses
(tota)$200 last month.(答案:totaled)
(来源:教材)
balloon
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):气球
The children were playing with balloons..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■一般无常见词性转换形式
同近义词
■-同义词:airship:名词,飞艇;例句:The airship floated above the city..(来源:柯林斯词典)-近义词:blimp:名
词,软式小飞艇;例句:A blimp flew over the stadium.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:blow up a balloon:吹气球;适用于描述吹气球的场景,语法上up后接气球;例句:He blew up a balloon
for the child.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:release a balloon:放飞气球;适用于放飞气球的场景;例句:They
released balloons to celebrate the festival..(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:balloon animal:气球动物;适用于描述用气
球做成的动物造型场景;例句:The clown made a balloon animal for the little girl..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数形式;原题:There are many
(balloon)in the sky..(答案:balloons)
(来源:教材)
chocolate
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):巧克力
/like to eat chocolate.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):巧克力糖
He gave me a box of chocolates..(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(adj)(adj.):巧克力色的;巧克力口味的
She was wearing a chocolate-colored dress.(来源:韦氏大词典)
词性转换
■名词复数:chocolates;指多块巧克力糖;例句:These chocolates are very delicious.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:cocoa:名词,可可粉;例句:I like to drink cocoa in winter.(来源:柯林斯词典);近义词:choc:名词,巧
克力:例句:Have a bit of choc..(来源:《英语搭配大词典》)
固定搭配
■短语1:a bar of chocolate:一条巧克力;适用于描述巧克力的数量场景,语法上bar用单数形式;例句:He bought
a bar of chocolate for his sister..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:chocolate cake:巧克力蛋糕;适用于描述食物类
型的场景,语法上chocolate作定语修饰cake;例句:I made a chocolate cake this morning.(来源:柯林斯词典);
短语3:chocolate milk:巧克力牛奶;适用于描述饮品类型的场景,语法上chocolate作定语修饰mik;例句:My
little brother loves chocolate milk.(来源:韦氏大词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数;原题:1'd like two_
(chocolate)for my daughter.(答案:chocolates)
(来源:教材)
price
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):价格;价钱
The price of oil increased.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n)(n.):代价
You may have to pay a high price for success.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■形容词:priceless:无价的;极贵重的;例句:The museum has many priceless works of art.(来源:牛津高阶词典):
形容词:priced:有定价的;例句:All the goods are clearly priced..(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■近义词:cost:名词,成本;代价;例句:The cost of living is going up.(来源:牛津高阶词典):近义词:charge:名
词,费用;例句:The charge for a single room is$50.(来源:柯林斯词典):近义词:fee:名词,费用;例句:You
have to pay a fee for using the library.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:at a price:以很高的代价;适用于描述获得某物需要付出很大代价的场景,语法上at a price作状语;例
句:You can buy happiness,but only at a price.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:price list::价目表;适用于商业
场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:Can you give me a price list?(来源:柯林斯词典);短语3:set a price:定价;
适用于商家定价的场景,语法上set后接价格;例句:They set a high price on the house.(来源:牛津高阶词典);
短语4:price tag:价格标签;适用于购物场景,语法上作名词短语;例句:The price tag says$20.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:作名词,考察其单复数形式:原题:The (price)of these clothes are very high.(答案:prices):考法2:考察
固定搭配at a price:原题:You can get anything you want,but.
·(答案:at a price)
(来源:教材)
pizza
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):比萨饼;意大利饼
I had a pizza delivered to my hotel room.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■复数:pizzas;例句:Ne ordered three pizzas for the party..(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:pizzeria pizza:名词,披萨;例句:'ll pick up a pizzeria pizza on my way home.(来源:英语常用词词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:a slice of pizza:一片披萨;适用于描述食用或购买披萨的场景,语法上slice为量词;例句:He ate a slice
of pizza quickly.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:order a pizza:订购一份披萨;适用于订餐场景,语法上order
后直接接食物;例句:Let's order a pizza for lunch.(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:pizza toppings:披萨配料;适
用于制作或选择披萨的场景,语法上toppings用复数;例句:What kind of pizza toppings do you like?(来源:剑桥词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数变化:原题:'d like two一(pi2za)for dinner:.(答案:pi2zas)
(来源:教材)
list
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):清单;目录;名单
Make a list of the things you need.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■()(V.):把…列入清单
Please list your reasons for leaving..(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■名词:list;动词过去式和过去分词:listed;现在分词:listing;例句:The books are listed in alphabetical order.(来
源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:catalog:名词,目录;例句:You can find it in the catalog.(来源:柯林斯词典);近义词:enumerate:动
词,列举;例句:He enumerated the reasons for his decision.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:make a list of:列出…的清单;适用于记录事物的场景,语法上of后接要列出的事物;例句:Make a list of
your daily expenses..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:on the list::在名单上;适用于描述某人或某物是否在某个清单
中的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:Your name is on the list.(来源:柯林斯词典);短语3:list sth.as sth.:把…列
为·;适用于对事物进行分类或定义的场景,语法上as后接分类的结果;例句:They listed the house as a historical
building.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作动词,考察其过去式形式;原题:She_(ist)all the items she wanted to buy.(答案:listed)考法2:考察固
定搭配make a list of:原题:You should
the things you need.(答案:make a list of)
(来源:教材)
own
词义与词性
■(adj)(adj):自己的;特有的
I have my own room.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(.)(v.):拥有;有
He owns a big house.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■-名词:owner(所有者;物主);例句:The owner of the shop is very kind.(来源:牛津高阶词典)-形容词:owning
(拥有的;所有的):例句:The owning company is very powerful.(来源:《韦氏高阶英语词典》)
同近义词
■-同义词:possess(v.):拥有;具有;例句:She possesses great wealth.(来源:牛津高阶词典)-近义词:have
(v.):有;持有;例句:I have a lot of friends..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:of one'sown:属于某人自己的;适用于描述物品归属的场景,语法上of后接形容词性物主代词;例句:I
want a house of my own.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:on one'sowm:独自地;独立地;适用于描述某人独自做
某事的场景,语法上on后接形容词性物主代词;例句:She finished the work on her own.(来源:柯林斯词典);短
语3:own up to:承认;坦白;适用于承认错误或罪行的场景,语法上to后接承认的内容;例句:You should own
up to your mistake.(来源:《韦氏高阶英语词典》)
典型考法
考法1:考察形容词用法,常与形容词性物主代词连用:原题:I have_
()own ideas..(答案:my)考法2:作动词,考
察其第三人称单数形式;原题:He_(own)acar(答案:owns)
(来源:教材)
example
[词义与词性
■(n)(n.):例子;实例;例句
Can you give me an example of how to use this word?(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n.)(n.):范例;楷模;榜样
Her diligence is an example to us all..(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■形容词:exemplary:典范的;可作楷模的;例句:The student's behavior was exemplary.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■近义词:instance:名词,例子;例句:This is just one instance of the problem.(来源:牛津高阶词典);近义词:
sample:名词,样品;例子;例句:Can I have a sample of this perfume??(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:for example:例如;适用于举例的场景,语法上一般用于句中,用逗号隔开;例句:Many students like sports
for example,basketball and footbal.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:set an example(tosb.):为(某人)树立榜样;
适用于描述树立正面形象的场景,语法上to后接对象;例句:Parents should set an example to their children.(来源:
柯林斯词典):短语3:follow sb.'s example:效仿某人;适用于描述学习他人行为的场景;例句:Ne should follow
the hero's example.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数变化:原题:Please give us some
(example)to explain this rule.(答案:examples)
(来源:教材)
international
词义与词性
■(adj,)(adj):国际的;世界的
Football is an intemational game.(来源:朗文当代高级英语词典)
词性转换
■名词:internationality;表示国际性、国际地位;例句:The internationality of the event attracted participants from all
over the world.(来源:韦氏大词典);副词:internationally;表示在国际上;例句:The company is well-known
internationally.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:global(adj.):全球的;例句:The global economy is facing challenges.(来源:牛津高阶词典);-近义词:
worldwide(ad.):全世界的;例句:The news spread worldwide quickly.(来源:柯林斯词典):-近义词:cosmopolitan
(ad.):世界性的;例句:New York is a cosmopolitan city..(来源:韦氏大词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:international trade:国际贸易;适用于描述商业经济领域跨国交易的场景,语法上为名词短语作主语、
宾语等;例句:International trade plays an important role in the global economy.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:
international organization:国际组织;适用于政治、社会等领域提及跨国组织的场景,语法上为名词短语;例句:
The United Nations is a famous international organization.(来源:剑桥词典);短语3:international convention:国
际公约;适用于法律、外交等场景,语法上为名词短语;例句:Countries should abide by international conven-
tions..(来源:朗文当代高级英语词典);短语4:international cooperation:国际合作;适用于描述国家间协作的
场景,语法上为名词短语;例句:International cooperation is necessary to solve global problems.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作形容词,考察其修饰名词的用法;原题:The city is becoming an important
(intemational)business center.
(答案:international)
(来源:教材)
language