七年级上册Unit 2-2025初中英语词汇精讲（新人教版）

七年级上册Unit2词汇精讲 Unit 2 husband [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):丈夫 Her husband is a teacher.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：husbandry;意为农牧业、饲养业；例句：He is good at animal husbandry..(来源：柯林斯词典)：动词：husband; 意为节约使用；例句：You should husband your resources.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：spouse:名词，配偶；例句：She accompanied her spouse to the party..(来源：柯林斯词典)；近义词：mate: 名词，配偶；例句：The bird's mate has died.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：husband and wife:夫妻；适用于描述婚姻关系的场景，语法上为固定表达；例句：The husband and wife went for a walk.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：a devoted husband:一位忠诚的丈夫；适用于描述丈夫品质的场 景，语法上devoted为形容词修饰husband;:例句：She has a devoted husband.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：Many(husband)help their wives do housework.(答案：husbands) (来源：教材) bat 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):蝙蝠 Bats are active at night.(来源：牛津高阶词典》 ■(n)(n.):球棒；球拍 He bought a new baseball bat.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):眨眼；挥打 She batted her eyelashes..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：bats;例句：There are many bats in the cave.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式和过去分词：batted;现 在分词：batting;例句：He was batting the ball..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：club:名词，球棒；例句：He used a club to hit the ball..(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：racket:.名词，球拍； 例句：She has a new tennis racket.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：bat an eye:眨一下眼晴；适用于表示惊讶、无动于衷等场景，语法上常用于否定句；例句：He didn't bat an eye at the bad news..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：bat around:反复讨论；适用于讨论问题的场景，语法上 后接讨论的内容；例句：Let's bat around some ideas for the party..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：right-handed bat: 右手用的球棒；适用于描述球棒使用习惯的场景，语法上right-handed作定语修饰bat;例句：He prefers a right- handed bat.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数；原题：There are several_ 一(bat)flying in the sky.(答案：bats)考法2：考察动词的现在分词 形式：原题：Look!Hes」 bat)the ball.(答案：batting) (来源：教材) mean 词义与词性 ■()(V.):表示…的意思；意思是；本意是 What does this word mean?(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):打算；意欲 I didn't mean to hurt your feelings..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj)(adj):吝啬的；小气的 He's too mean to buy a new coat for his wife..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj.):刻薄的恶意的 It was mean of you to laugh at her.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：meaning(意思；意义)；例句：The meaning of this poem is very deep.(来源：牛津高阶词典)形容词： meaningful(有意义的)：例句：Ne had a meaningful conversation.(来源：柯林斯词典)形容词：meaningless(无 意义的)；例句：This job seems meaningless to me.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式/过去分词：meant(不规 则变化)；例句：I meant what|said.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：meaning(去e加-ing):例句：You're meaning well,but you're not helping.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：intend:动词，打算；例句：I intend to visit my grandparents this weekend.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： signify:动词，表示；例句：A red sky at night signifies fine weather the next day.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：imply: 动词，暗示；例句：His silence implied agreement.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：mean to do sth..:打算做某事；适用于表达个人意图的场景，语法上to后接动词原形；例句：I mean to go to Beijing next year.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：mean doing sth.:意味着做某事；适用于说明某一行为会 导致的结果，语法上doing为动名词形式；例句：Missing the bus means waiting for another hour..(来源：柯林斯 词典)短语3：be meant to do sth：应该做某事；用于规定、责任或义务的场景，语法上to后接动词原形；例 句：You are meant to wear a seat-belt in the car..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：What do you mean by..?:你… 是什么意思？；适用于询问对方某行为或话语意图的场景；例句：What do you mean by saying that?(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察动词过去式和过去分词形式：原题：1 (mean)to call you last night,.but I forgot..(答案：meat)考法2：考 察固定搭配mean to do sth.;原题：Did you really (mean) (hut)herfeelings?(答案：mean to.;to hurt) (来源：教材) really [词义与词性 ■(adv.)(adw.):真正地，确实 I'm really tired after a long-day work.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):非常，很 He runs really fast..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):用于疑问句或否定句，表示加强语气 Do you really want to go??(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：real;例句：This is a real diamond.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：truly(adw.):真正地；-近义词：actually(adv.):实际上；-近义词：genuinely(adv.):真诚地 固定搭配 ■短语：really and truly:真正地，千真万确地；适用于强调真实性的场景，无特殊语法要求；例句：I really and truly love you..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：not really:不完全是；适用于委婉否定的场景，无特殊语法要求；例句： 一Are you busy?一Not really..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作副词，用于加强语气：原题：sshe (ea)happy?(答案：reay) (来源：教材) spend 词义与词性 ■()(v):花费（时间、金钱等） I spent$20 on this book.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(.)(v.):度过 She spent her holiday in the mountains.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■过去式和过去分词：spent:例句：He spent all his savings on the house..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；现在分词：spending; 例句：Spending too much time on games is bad for your health.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：cost:动词，花费；例句：The coat cost me a lot of money..(来源：牛津高阶词典)：近义词：take:动词， 花费（时间）；例句：It takes me an hour to get to school..(来源：柯林斯词典)；近义词：pay:动词，支付；例句：I paid50 yuan for the shirt.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：spend time/money on sth.:在某物上花费时间或金钱：适用于描述消费的场景，语法上on后接消费的对象； 例句：He spends a lot of money on books.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：spend time/.money(in)doing sth.:花费 时间或金钱做某事；适用于描述做某事所耗费的成本，语法上in可省略；例句：She spent two hours(in)cleaning the house.(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语3：spend time with sb.:和某人一起度过时光；适用于描述社交活动场景；例 句：I like to spend time with my family.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式和过去分词形式；原题：He_ (spend)a lot of time on his homework yesterday..(答案： spet)考法2：考察固定搭配spend time/money on sth.:原题：She often_一(spend)much money_- (buy)clothes. (答案：spends:on) (来源：教材) together 词义与词性 ■(adv.)(adw.):在一起；共同 We went to school together..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):同时；一齐 The bells rang together.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(ad.)(adw.):连续地；不间断地 He worked for ten hours together.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：togetherness;表示亲密无间、团结；例句：The party helped to promote a sense of togetherness among the neighbors.(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：jointly(adw.):共同地；联合地；例句：They worked jointly to solve the problem.(来源：韦氏词典)-近 义词：collectively(adv.):集体地；共同地；例句：Ne should face the difficulty collectively.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：get together:相聚；聚会；适用于描述人们聚集在一起的场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句：Ne should get together for a drink sometime.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：put together:组装；拼凑；适用于描述组装物品或整 合信息的场景，语法上put后接要组装的东西；例句：Can you put this model plane together?(来源：朗文当代英语 词典)短语3：hold together:团结：使不破裂；适用于描述群体或事物保持团结、完整的场景，语法上可作及物 或不及物；例句：We need to hold together in this difficult time.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语4：all together::总共； 起；适用于描述数量或集体行动的场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句：There are ten of us all together..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察固定搭配get together:原题：le often._一(get)together on weekends.(答案：get)考法2：考察al∥together 的用法：原题： there are twenty students in the class.(答案：All together) (来源：教材) chess 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):国际象棋；西洋棋 He likes to play chess in his free time.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：chess;没有常见的词性转换；例句：Chess is a game of strategy.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：draughts:名词，西洋跳棋；例句：He's very good at draughts.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：play chess:下棋；适用于描述进行下棋活动的场景，语法上play后直接接chess;例句：Ne play chess every Sunday..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：a game of chess:一盘棋；适用于描述下棋的数量场景，语法上a 后接可数名词单数；例句：Let's have a game of chess.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察固定搭配“play chess”;原题：He often (play)chess with his grandfather.(答案：plays) (来源：教材) funny 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):滑稽的；好笑的；有趣的 He told a really funny joke..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj.):奇怪的；难以解释的 Thee's something funny about the way he behaves.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：fun;例句：Ne had a lot of fun at the party.(来源：牛津高阶词典)副词：funnily::例句：Funnily enough,I met him again the next day..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：amusing(ad.):有趣的，逗人发笑的；例句：The movie is really amusing.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： comical(adj.):滑稽的，好笑的；例句：He made a comical face.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：funny story::有趣的故事；适用于描述故事内容有趣的场景，语法上可作主语、宾语等；例句：Heal ways tells funny stories.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：funny look:奇怪的表情；适用于描述人的表情奇怪的场 景，语法上可作宾语等；例句：He gave me a funny look.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：funny noise:奇怪的声 音；适用于描述听到奇怪声音的场景，语法上可作宾语等；例句：I heard a funny noise in the room.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词词义；原题：This is a_stoy.Everyone likes it.(答案：unny)考法2：考察固定搭配“a funny thing”:原题：A__thing happened to me on my way to school..(答案：funny) (来源：教材) activity 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):活动；活跃：热闹状况 The streets were full of activity.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):(为兴趣、娱乐或达到一定目的而进行的)活动 Outdoor activities are very popular among students.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：active;有活力的，积极的；例句：He is an active boy.(来源：牛津高阶词典)副词：actively积极地，活 跃地；例句：She actively participates in social work.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：eventa:名词，事件，活动；例句：The sports event attracted many people.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： exercise:名词，活动，锻炼；例句：Swimming is a good exercise.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：outdoor activity:户外活动；适用于描述在户外进行的活动场景，语法上activity可用复数形式；例句：We often take part in outdoor activities on weekends.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：activity center:活动中心；适用于描 述提供活动场所的地方，语法上center为名词；例句：The city has a new activity center..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语 3:physical activity:体育活动；适用于描述与身体运动相关的活动场景，语法上activity可用复数；例句：Physical activities are good for our health.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化：原题：We have many after-school_ (activity)in our school..(答案：activities) (来源：教材) violin 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):小提琴 She plays the violin very well.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：violinist(小提琴手)；例句：The famous violinist will give a concert tonight.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：fiddle:名词，小提琴；例句：He can play the fiddle.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：play the violin:拉小提琴；适用于描述演奏乐器的场景，语法上乐器前要加定冠词the:例句：My sister has played the violin for five years.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：a violin concerto::一首小提琴协奏曲；适用于音乐 相关场景，语法上a后接可数名词单数；例句：This is a beautiful violin concerto.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的固定搭配play the violin;原题：She likes to_ (play)the violin on weekends..(答案：play) (来源：教材) different 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj.):不同的；有区别的 My school life is different from yours..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj.):分别的；各别的 Ve went our different ways.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj)(adj.):各种不同的；各式各样的 People have different ideas about the problem.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 词性转换 ■名词：difference;例句：There are many differences between the two cultures.(来源：牛津高阶词典)副词：differently; 例句：He thinks differently from others.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：distinct:形容词，明显不同的；例句：Those two ideas are quite distinct..（来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： various::形容词，各种各样的；例句：There are various reasons for his failure.（来源：朗文当代英语词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：be different from:与…不同；适用于比较两个事物差异的场景，语法上from后接比较的对象；例句：Your opinion is different from mine.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：make a difference:有影响；起作用；适用于描述某事 物对结果产生作用的场景；例句：Your help made a big difference to me.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察固定搭配be different from:原题：This book is_ (difference)from that one.(答案：different)考法2：考 察其名词形式；原题：Can you tel∥me the_(different))between these two words?(答案：differences) (来源：教材) laugh 词义与词性 ■()(v.):笑；发笑 Wea∥laughed at his joke.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):笑声；令人开心的时刻 His laugh was infectious..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词：laughter;笑声；例句：Her laughter filled the room.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在分词：laughing;例句： The laughing children ran down the street.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式和过去分词：laughed;例句：He laughed at my mistake.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：smile:动词，微笑；例句：She smiled at me.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：chuckle:动词，轻声笑；例 句：He chuckled to himself.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：laugh at:嘲笑；取笑；适用于描述不尊重他人的场景，语法上at后接被嘲笑的对象；例句：t's wrong to laugh at people in trouble.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：burst out laughing:突然大笑起来；适用于描述突然发笑 的场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句：Nhen he told the joke,we all burst out laughing.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3： have a good laugh:尽情地笑；适用于描述愉快的氛围，语法上无特殊要求；例句：Ne had a good laugh over the funny story.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在分词形式；原题：The children are .(augh)happil冰，（答案：laughing)考法2：考察固定 搭配laugh at:原题：Dont (laugh)at others'mistakes.(答案：laugh) (来源：教材) pink 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(ad):粉红色的 She was dressed in pink.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):粉红色 Pink is her favorite color:.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■动词：pink;使成锯齿状；例句：The edges of the fabric were pinked.(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：roseate:形容词，玫瑰色的；例句：The sky had a roseate glow at sunset.(来源：韦氏词典)：近义词：coral: 形容词，珊瑚色的；例句：She was wearing a coral dress.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：in the pink:非常健康；适用于描述人的健康状况场景，语法上in后接该短语；例句：He's been in the pink since he started exercising.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：pink of perfection:十全十美；适用于形容事物达到完 美状态的场景，语法上pink前用the;例句：His garden is the pink of perfection.（来源：韦氏词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词词义；原题：Her dress is(pink.(答案：pink) (来源：教材) handsome 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):(男子)英俊的，帅的 He's the most handsome man I've ever met,.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj):(物品、金额等)可观的，数量大的 He received a hand some reward for his work.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj.)(adj.):(女子)端庄健美的 The actress is tal∥and handsome.(来源：韦氏大词典) 词性转换 ■副词：handsomely;例句：He was paid handsomely for his services.(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：handsomeness; 例句：His handsomeness attracted many girls.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：good-looking:形容词，好看的；例句：He is a good-looking young man.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： attractive:形容词，有吸引力的；例句：The new building is very attractive.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：comely: 形容词，标致的；例句：She was a comely woman.(来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a handsome sum of money:一笔可观的钱：适用于描述金钱数量的场景，语法上sum为可数名词；例句： He made a handsome sum of money last year..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：a handsome offer:慷慨的提议；适 用于商务或谈判场景，语法上ofer为名词；例句：They made us a handsome offer..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：a handsome gesture::大方的举动；适用于描述人的行为的场景，语法上gesture为名词；例句：It was a handsome gesture to forgive her..(来源：韦氏大词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其在系表结构中的用法；原题：The boy looks」 (handsome).(答案：handsome)考法2：考 察用副词修饰形容词的用法：原题：Hes (hand some)dressed.(答案：handsomely) (来源：教材) hat 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):帽子；指有边的帽子，如礼帽、草帽等 He always wears a black hat..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：hatted（戴帽子的)；例句：The hatted man looked mysterious.(来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：cap:名词，帽子（一般指无边的或有帽舌的帽子）；例句：He put on his cap and went out.(来源：牛津 高阶词典)-近义词：bonnet:名词，无边女帽；例句：She wore a pretty bonnet.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配