七年级下册Unit 6-2025初中英语词汇精讲（新人教版）

7年级下Unit6词汇精讲 Unit 6 lightning [词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):闪电；雷电 Lightning flashed in the distance..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj.)(adj.):闪电似的；快速的 a lightning raid(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：lightning-fast;意为极快的；例句：The athlete showed lightning-fast speed.(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：thunderbolt:名词，雷电；霹雳；例句：A thunderbolt split the tree.(来源：柯林斯词典)-近义词：fash: 名词，闪光；例句：a flash of light(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：like lightning:闪电般地；极快地；适用于描述速度极快的场景，语法上常作状语；例句：He ran off like lightning.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：lightning strike:雷击；适用于描述自然现象的场景，语法上可作主语、宾 语等；例句：The lightning strike damaged the house.(来源：朗文当代词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其在描述自然现象场景中的运用；原题：（模拟题） (lightning)ofen comes with thunder.(答案： Lig htning) (来源：教材) affect 词义与词性 ■()(V.):影响；对…起作用 The amount of rain affects the growth of crops.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):(感情上)深深打动；使悲伤（或怜悯等） The news really affected her..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■-名词：effect;指由影响产生的结果、效果；例句：The new law will take effect next month.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-形容 词：affective;指情感上的；例句：Affective disorders can have a significant impact on a person's life.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：influence:动词，影响；例句：Parents should influence their children to develop good habits.(来源：牛津 高阶词典)-近义词：impact:动词，影响；例句：The new policy will impact the economy..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：affect on:对…的影响；适用于描述影响的对象场景，语法上on后接被影响的对象；例句：The new policy will have an affect on the economy.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：be affected by:受…的影响；适用于描述人或 事物受到外界因素影响的场景；例句：He was affected by the bad news.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其基本用法；原题：The environment. (affect)our health.(答案：affects)考法2：考察其与effect 的辨析；原题：The_ (affect/effect)of the new policy is still unknown.(答案：effect) (来源：教材) dry 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj.):干的；干燥的 The grass was dry and prickly.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj.):干旱的；少雨的 It has been very dry this summer.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(v.):(使)变干；把…弄干 Dry your hands on this towel..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词比较级：drier;最高级：driest;例句：lt's getting drier and drier here.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式和过 去分词：dried;现在分词：drying;例句：She dried her hair with a towel..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：arid:形容词，干旱的；例句：Much of the country is arid.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词：parched:形容 词，干燥的；例句：The parched earth needed rain.(来源：柯林斯词典) [固定搭配 ■短语1：dry up:干涸；适用于描述河流、湖泊等水域变干的场景，语法上是不及物短语；例句：The small river dried up in summer..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：dry out:使干透；适用于描述物品除去水分变干的场景，语法上out 后可接物品；例句：Leave the dishes to dry out.(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语3：dyo:(使)晾干；适用于描述身体 或物品表面水分变干的场景，语法上ff后可接身体部位或物品；例句：Dry off before you catch a cold.(来源：牛 津高阶词典)：短语4：dry one's eyes:擦干眼泪；适用于描述人停止哭泣的场景，语法上one's根据主语变化；例 句：Dry your eyes and don't be sad.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其比较级和最高级形式：原题：tis_一(dy)today than yesterday..(答案：dier)考法2：作动 词，考察其过去式形式；原题：He_(dy)his clothes in the sun last Sunday.(答案：dried) (来源：教材) lucky [词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):幸运的；运气好的 I'm lucky to have such good friends.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj.):侥幸的凑巧的 He was very lucky to escape unhurt.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■副词：luckily:例句：Luckily,it didn'train.(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：luck:例句：Good luck to you!(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：fortunate:形容词，幸运的；例句：She was fortunate to get the job..(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：blessed: 形容词，幸运的；例句：He is a blessed man.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：be lucky to do sth.：幸运地做某事；适用于描述某人因运气好而能做某事的场景，语法上to后接动词原形： 例句：You're lucky to be alive.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：lucky dog:幸运儿；适用于口语中调侃某人运气好的 场景，语法上直接使用；例句：You lucky dog!!You won the lottery.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：as lucky as a dog with two tails:极其幸运；适用于夸张地描述某人运气极佳的场景，语法上作表语；例句：He's as lucky as a dog with two tails today..(来源：英语习语词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词作定语修饰名词：原题：Hesa(luck)boy.(答案：lucky)考法2：考察副词uck在句首作状 语：原题： (luck),he passed the exam.(答案：Luckily) (来源：教材) stormy 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj):有暴风雨的；暴风雨般的；激烈的；冲动的 The weather forecast says it will be a stommy day tomorrow.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■-名词：stom(暴风雨)例句：A heavy storm hit the coastal area last night.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：tempestuous(adj.):有暴风雨的：激烈的；例句：The tempestuous weather made it difficult to go out.(来源： 韦氏大词典)-近义词：fierce(adj.):猛烈的；激烈的；例句：There was a fierce storm last week.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：stormy weather:暴风雨天气；适用于描述天气状况的场景，语法上可作主语、宾语等；例句：Ne should stay indoors during stormy weather..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：stormy debate:激烈的辩论；适用于描述讨论、 争论的场景，语法上可作主语、宾语等；例句：The stormy debate lasted for hours..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词作定语修饰名词：原题：It was a (stormy)night and we had to stay at home.(答案：stormy) (来源：教材) center 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):中心；中央 There is a fountain in the center of the park.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V.):把…集中于 A∥our attention centered on the ma in issue.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：central;表示中心的，中央的；例句：The central area of the city is very crowded.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动 词过去式I过去分词：centered;规则变化，直接加-ed;例句：He centered the picture on the wall.(来源：柯林斯词 典)动词现在分词：centering:去e加-ing:例句：We are centering our efforts on this project..(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：middle:名词，中间；例句：He stood in the middle of the room.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：core:名 词，核心；例句：The core of the problem needs to be solved.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：in the center of:在…的中心；适用于描述位置的场景，语法上of后接表示地点的名词；例句：The shop is in the center of the street.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：center on:集中于；适用于描述注意力、活动等集中的 场景，语法上on后接集中的对象；例句：The discussion centered on the plan.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：center around:围绕；适用于描述事物围绕某个主题或人展开的场景，语法上around后接围绕的对象；例句：The party centered around the birthday girl.(来源：韦氏大词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其形容词形式：原题：The (center)part of the town is very beautiful..(答案：central)考法2：作 动词，考察其现在分词形式：原题：They are (center)their research on new energy..(答案：centering) (来源：教材) temperature 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):温度：气温：体温 The temperature dropped to zero last night.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：temperate;例句：The climate here is temperate.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：heat:名词，热度；例句：The heat of the sun can be unbearable in summer.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词： thermometer reading:名词，温度计读数；例句：The thermometer reading shows a high temperature.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：take one's temperature:量某人的体温；适用于医疗场景，语法上one's后接被量体温的人；例句：The doctor took my temperature.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：body temperature:体温；适用于医学或日常描述身体 状况的场景；例句：A normal body temperature is around37 degrees Celsius..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：room temperature:室温；适用于描述室内环境温度的场景；例句：Leave the milk at room temperature for a while.（来源： 牛津高阶词典)短语4：high/low temperature:高/低温；适用于描述气温情况的场景；例句：Ne can't go out in such a high temperature..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的用法；原题：The」 (temperature)in this area is very changeable.(答案：temperature) (来源：教材) heavily [词义与词性 ■(adv)(adw.):大量地；沉重地；猛烈地 It was raining heavily outside.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):严重地；厉害地 He drank heavi冰last night.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：heay;例句：The box is very heavy.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：hard:副词，猛烈地；例句：t's snowing hard..（来源：牛津高阶词典)：近义词：violently:副词，猛烈地； 例句：The wind was blowing violently.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：rain heavily:雨下得大；适用于描述下雨场景，语法上用于描述天气中雨的状态；例句：It rained heavily all night. (来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：breathe heavily:呼吸沉重；适用于描述人呼吸状态的场景，语法上用于描述人的呼吸 情况；例句：After running fast,,he was breathing heavily.(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语3：drink heavily:酗酒；适用于描述 人饮酒习惯的场景，语法上用于描述人的行为；例句：He drinks heavily and it's bad for his health..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察副词用法；原题：It rained (heavy)yesterday..(答案：heavily) (来源：教材) snowy 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):下雪的；多雪的 It was a cold,snowy day..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词：snow:形容词比较级：snowier;形容词最高级：snowiest;例句：This winter is snowier than the last one.(来 源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：snowfalling:形容词，下雪的；例句：The snowfalling weather made the roads slippery.(来源：自编例句) -近义词：wintry::形容词，多雪的；寒冷的；例句：Ne had a wintry day with snow and ice.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a snowy day:下雪天；适用于描述天气的场景，语法上作名词短语：例句：Children like to play outside on a snowy day..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：snowy mountain::雪山；适用于描述地理景观的场景，语法上作名词 短语；例句：The snowy mountain looks very beautiful..(来源：自编例句) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词作定语修饰名词：原题：sa (snow)day today.(答案：snowy) (来源：教材) high 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj.):高的；高度的 The mountain is very high..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):在高处；向高处 The plane flew high in the sky..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■副词：highly;例句：The teacher spoke highly of his work.(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：height;例句：The height of the building is100 meters.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：tall:形容词，高的；例句：He is a tall boy.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：lofty:形容词，高耸的；例句： The lofty mountains look very beautiful..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：high school::中学；适用于描述教育阶段的场景，语法上直接使用；例句：I studied in a high school for three years.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：high jump:跳高；适用于体育场景，语法上直接使用；例句：He won the first place in the high jump.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：high price:高价；适用于买卖交易场景，语法上price前用 high修饰；例句：He sold his house at a high price.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：high level:高水平；适用于描 述能力、标准等场景，语法上level前用high修饰；例句：This company has a high level of service.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词原级作定语：原题：This is a tree.(答案：high)考法2：考察副词用法：原题：The kite flies in the sky..(答案：high) (来源：教材) tourist [词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):旅行者；观光者；游客 The city is full of tourists in the summer.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■-动词：tour(旅行；游历)；例句：They toured Europe last summer..(来源：柯林斯词典)-形容词：touristic(旅游 的；观光的)；例句：This area has a lot of touristic attractions.(来源：韦氏词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：visitor(n.):游客；来访者；例句：The museum attracts many visitors every day.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词： sightseer(n.):观光者；游览者；例句：The sightseers were taking pictures of the beautiful scenery.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：tourist attraction:旅游景点；适用于介绍旅游地点的场景，语法上使用名词短语；例句：The Great Wall is a famous tourist attraction in China.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：tourist destination:旅游目的地；适用于描述旅 游前往的地方的场景，语法上使用名词短语；例句：Paris is a popular tourist destination.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语 3:tourist guide:导游；适用于旅游出行需要向导的场景，语法上使用名词短语；例句：The tourist guide showed us around the city..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式；原题：There are many (tourist)in the park.(答案：tourists) (来源：教材) freezing 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj.):极冷的，结冰的 It's freezing outside,so wear a warm coat.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):冰点，结冰 The freezing of the lake made it possible to go ice-skating.(来源：韦氏大词典) 词性转换 ■动词：freeze;形容词：frozen;名词：freeze:例句：Nater freezes at0 degrees Celsius.(来源：牛津高阶词典)； The ground was frozen hard.(来源：柯林斯词典)；The cold snap brought a hard freeze.(来源：韦氏大词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：icy:形容词，冰冷的；例句：The road is icy,so drive carefully..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；近义词：frigid:形 容词，寒冷的；例句：The frigid wind made my face numb.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：freezing point:冰点；适用于描述物理现象的场景，语法上可作主语、宾语；例句：The freezing point of water is well-known.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：feel freezing:感觉极冷；适用于描述个人感受的场景， 语法上主语一般是人；例句：I feel freezing without my hat.(来源：朗文当代英语词典)；短语3：freezing cold: 极其寒冷；适用于描述天气状况的场景，语法上可作表语、定语；例句：It was a freezing cold night.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其在描述天气场景中的运用：原题：s」 (freezing),cold today.(答案：freezing)考法2：考察 与freezing相关的词形转换；原题：Water(freeze)at0加.（答案：freezes) (来源：教材) magical 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj):神奇的；有魔力的；迷人的 The magician performed some truly magical tricks.(来源：牛津高阶词典) [词性转换 ■-名词：magic;例句：The magic of the show left the audience amazed.(来源：柯林斯词典)-副词：magically;例 句：The problem disappeared magically.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：enchanted:形容词，有魔力的；例句：The enchanted forest was full of mystery..(来源：柯林斯词典)-近 义词：won derful::形容词，精彩的；例句：Ne had a wonderful time at the party.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：magical experience:神奇的经历；适用于描述个人经历的场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：Visiting the ancient castle was a magical experience.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：magical world:神奇的世界；适用于描述虚构或想 象的场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：In the movie,there is a magical world full of strange creatures.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词用法：原题：The story is so (magical)that children all like it.(答案：magical) (来源：教材) cloud 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):云；云朵 The sun disappeared behind a cloud.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):云状物；烟雾；灰尘 A cloud of black smoke billowed into the sky.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■()(V.):使模糊；使浑浊；使难以判断 His judgment was clouded by self-interest..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：cloudy(多云的；阴天的)；例句：It's going to be cloudy tomorrow.(来源：朗文当代词典)动词过去式I过 去分词：clouded(规则变化，直接加-ed);例句：His eyes clouded with sadness.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分 词：clouding(直接加-ing);例句：Mist was clouding the windows.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：nebulus:名词，星云；云状物；例句：A nebulus can be seen in the night sky.(来源：韦氏大词典)近义 词：haze:名词，薄雾；烟雾；例句：The city was covered in a haze.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：cloud over:(天空)布满乌云；适用于描述天气变化的场景，语法上无特殊要求；例句：The sky clouded over and it started to rain.(来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语2：cast a cloud over:给…蒙上阴影；适用于描述某种情况对某事 产生负面影响的场景，语法上cast后接使受影响的事物；例句：The news cast a cloud over the party.(来源：柯林斯 词典)：短语3：in the clouds:心不在焉；在幻想中；适用于描述人注意力不集中的场景，语法上作表语；例句：You've been in the clouds all day..What's wrong?(来源：朗文当代词典)；短语4：on cloud nine:非常高兴；欣喜若狂；适用于描 述人极度开心的场景，语法上作表语；例句：She was on cloud nine after hearing the good news.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作名词，考察其单复数形式：原题：There are many_ (cloud)in the sky..(答案：clouds)考法2：作动词，考 察其现在分词形式：原题：The steam is (cloud)the mirror.(答案：clouding) (来源：教材) mount [词义与词性 ■()(.)：登上；爬上；骑上 He can mount a horse in one movement.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(v.):组织；开展；发动 They mounted a rescue operation.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(.)(V.):镶嵌；裱贴 The jewels were beautifully mounted.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):山；山峰 Mount Tai is a famous scenic spot.(来源：自编合理例句) 词性转换 ■名词：mountain;意为山；例句：There are many mountains in the west of China.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去 式和过去分词：mounted;规则变化，直接加-ed;例句：He mounted his bicycle and rode of.(来源：柯林斯词典) 动词现在分词：mounting;:直接加-ing;例句：The tension is mounting..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-近义词：climb(v.):攀爬；同义词，意为登上、攀爬；例句：We climbed the mountain.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近 义词：ascend(v.):上升；登上；同义词，较正式；例句：The balloon ascended into the sky.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：mount a horse:骑马；适用于描述骑上马匹的场景，语法上mount后直接接马；例句：He quickly mounted his horse and galloped away..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：mount an attack:发动攻击；适用于描述军事或竞争等 发动攻击的场景，语法上mount后接攻击对象；例句：They decided to mount an attack on the enemy's camp.(来源： 柯林斯词典)短语3：mount a campaign:开展运动；适用于描述组织某项活动的场景，语法上mount后接活动名 称；例句：They mounted a campaign to protect the environment..(来源：自编合理例句)短语4：mount sth.on sth.: 把某物安装在某物上；适用于描述安装物品的场景，语法上on后接安装的位置；例句：He mounted the picture on the wall.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其过去式形式：原题：He (mount)his bike and cycled off.(答案：mounted)考法2：考察固定 搭配mount an attack;原题：The army decided to」 on the city..(答案：mount an attack). (来源：教材)