七年级上册Unit 7-2025初中英语词汇精讲（旧人教版）

七年级上册Unit7词汇精讲 Unit 7 sock 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):短袜 He pulled on his socks..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：socks;例句：I need to buy some new socks.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：stocking:名词，长袜；例句：She wore black stockings.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a pair of socks:一双短袜；适用于描述袜子数量的场景，语法上pair用单数形式；例句：I bought a pair of socks yesterday..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语2：pull up one's socks:鼓起勇气；适用于鼓励别人振作 的场景，语法上一般用在祈使句；例句：You'd better pull up your socks if you want to pass the exam.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词复数形式：原题：I have two._一(sock).(答案：socks) (来源：教材) much 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):许多的，大量的，修饰不可数名词 There isn't much time left.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):非常，很 Thank you very much..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):大量，许多 Much of what he said is true.(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■比较级：more;最高级：most:例句：You need to practice more to improve your English..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：a great deal of:短语，许多，大量，修饰不可数名词；例句：He has spent a great deal of money on books. (来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：plenty of:短语，许多，大量，可修饰可数或不可数名词；例句：Ne have plenty of time to finish the work.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：uch too:太，非常，修饰形容词或副词；适用于强调程度的场景，语法上后接形容词或副词原级；例句： This coat is much too expensive..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：too much:太多，修饰不可数名词；适用于描述数 量过多的场景，语法上后接不可数名词；例句：You eat too much sugar..(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：as much as: 和一样多；适用于比较数量的场景，语法上前后接可比的事物；例句：He earns as much as his brother..(来源： 牛津高阶词典)短语4：how much::多少，询问价格或数量（不可数）：适用于询问价格或不可数事物数量的场景， 语法上用于特殊疑问句：例句：How much is this book？(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，修饰不可数名词，考察用量；原题：There is_(much)water in the bottle..(答案：much)考法2：作 副词，考察程度用法：原题：I like this song very (much).(答案：much) (来源：教材) shoe 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):鞋 I bought a new pair of shoes yesterday.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■复数：shoes;例句：His shoes are very dirty.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：footwear::名词，鞋类；例句：This store sells all kinds of footwear..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a pair of shoes:一双鞋；适用于描述鞋的数量场景，语法上pair根据数量变化，of后接shoe的复数形式； 例句：She bought a pair of shoes for her birthday.(来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语2：in one's shoes:处于某人的境 地；适用于换位思考的场景，语法上in后接形容词性物主代词加shoes;例句：If you were in my shoes,you would understand.(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语3：lsb.'s shoes:接替某人的工作；适用于描述工作交接的场景，语法上 fl后接sb.'s shoes;例句：t's hard to fill his shoes after he left.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数：原题：I need two pairs of (shoe)for my children.(答案：shoes) (来源：教材) sweater 词义与词性 ■(n.)(n.):毛衣；针织套衫 She wore a thick tartan sweater.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：sweatered:穿着毛衣的；例句：The sweatered girl looks very cute.(来源：英语常用例句库) 同近义词 ■-同义词：jumper:名词，毛衣；例句：She put on a woolly jumper..(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：pullover::名 词，套头毛衣；例句：He pulled on a thick pullover..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a woolen sweater:一件羊毛毛衣：适用于描述毛衣材质的场景，语法上woolen作定语修饰sweater;:例句： She bought a woolen sweater yesterday.(来源：英语常用例句库)短语2：wear a sweater:穿着一件毛衣；适用于 描述穿着状态的场景，语法上wear为谓语动词；例句：He always wears a sweater in winter.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语3：a red sweater:一件红色的毛衣；适用于描述毛衣颜色的场景，语法上red作定语修饰sweater;例句：The little girl has a red sweater..(来源：英语常用例句库) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数形式：原题：I have two】 (sweate.(答案：sweaters) (来源：教材) trousers 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):裤子；长裤 He wore a pair of black trousers.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■通常trousers无其他常见词性转换形式，因其本身为名词；例句：I need to buy some new trousers.(来源：朗文当 代英语词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：pants:名词，裤子；例句：He put on his pants and shoes.(来源：柯林斯词典)-同义词：slacks:名词， 便裤；例句：He always wears slacks to work..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a pair of trousers:一条裤子；适用于描述裤子数量的场景，语法上pair根据实际数量变化；例句：'d like a pair of black trousers..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 短语2：wear trousers:穿裤子；适用于描述穿着状态的场景，语法上wear根据时态变化；例句：She often wears trousers in winter.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) 短语3：cotton trousers:棉质裤子；适用于描述裤子材质的场景，语法上cotton修饰trousers;例句：I prefer cotton trousers in summer..(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的用法，通常用“a pair of trousers'”;原题：He bought_(a pair of/two pairs of)trousers yesterday, (答案：a pair of) (来源：教材) skirt 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):裙子；短裙 She was wearing a white skirt..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：skirts;例句：There are many beautiful skirts in the shop.(来源：朗文当代词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：dress:名词，连衣裙；例句：She looks beautiful in that dress..(来源：牛津高阶词典)；-近义词：petticoat:: 名词，衬裙；例句：The girl wore a petticoat under her skirt.(来源：韦氏大词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：mini skirt::超短裙；适用于描述时尚穿着的场景，语法上直接使用；例句：She likes to wear mini skirts in summer..(来源：柯林斯词典)；短语2：pencil skirt:铅笔裙；适用于描述服装款式的场景，语法上直接使 用；例句：The office lady often wears a pencil skirt.(来源：牛津高阶词典)；短语3：skirt length:裙子长度；适 用于讨论裙子尺寸的场景，语法上length为名词：例句：You can choose the skirt length you like.(来源：朗文当代词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词的单复数形式：原题：1 have two(skit).(答案：skirts》 (来源：教材) small 词义与词性 ■(adj,)(adj):小的；规模小的 This is a small∥village..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj.)(adj.):(数量、程度等)少的；小的 He has only a small amount of money..(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj.)(adj):(声音)微弱的；小声的 She spoke in a small voice.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 词性转换 ■副词：smallly;例句：He spoke smallly so as not to wake others.(来源：韦氏词典)比较级：smaller;例句：This apple is smaller than that one..(来源：牛津高阶词典)最高级：smallest:例句：He is the smallest in his class.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：little(adj.):小的；例句：He has a little dog.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：tiy(adj.):极小的；例句： A tiny insect landed on the leaf..(来源：柯林斯词典)-近义词：miniature(adj.):微型的；例句：There is a miniature model in the museum.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：small talk:闲聊；适用于社交场合中轻松的交谈场景，语法上为名词短语：例句：Ve had some small talk before the meeting.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：small amount::少量；适用于描述数量的场景，语法上amount 可根据语境有单复数变化；例句：A small amount of sugar is enough..(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典)短语3：small word:世界真小；适用于偶然遇到熟人等意外情况的场景，为常用表达；例句：-You know him too?-Small world! (来源：柯林斯词典)短语4：small business::小企业；适用于商业相关场景，语法上为名词短语；例句：Many small businesses have closed this year..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词比较级形式；原题：This box is」 (sma)than that one.(答案：smaller)考法2：考察固定搭配smaW talk;原题：We usually have some at the party..(答案：small talk) (来源：教材) big [词义与词性 ■(adj.)(ad):大的，大规模的 New York is a big city.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj.)(adj.):年龄较大的 My big brother is in college.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj)(adj):重大的，重要的 This is a big decision for us.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■比较级：bigger;:例句：This apple is bigger than that one.(来源：朗文当代词典)最高级：biggest;例句：He is the biggest boy in the class..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：large(adj):大的；例句：He has a large house.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：great(adj.):巨大 的，伟大的；例句：He has made great progress.(来源：柯林斯词典)-近义词：huge(ad.):庞大的；例句：The elephant is a huge animal..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：big deal::重要的事；适用于描述事情的重要性，语法上可单独使用；例句：t's no big deal..(来源：牛津高 阶词典)短语2：big business:大企业，大公司；适用于商业场景，语法上business是名词；例句：The city is full of big business.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：big name:大名鼎鼎的人物；适用于描述名人，语法上name是名词； 例句：He is a big name in the music industry..(来源：朗文当代词典)短语4：big shot:大人物；适用于描述有影响 力的人，语法上shot是名词；例句：He thinks he's a big shot..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察比较级和最高级；原题：This box is」 (big)than that one..(答案：bigger)考法2：考察固定搭配“big deal"”: 原题：t's not a (答案：big deal) (来源：教材) woman 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):成年女子；妇女；女人 Many women now go out to work.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n)(n.):(统称)女性 Woman is still treated as second-class citizens in some countries.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典》 词性转换 ■复数：women;指多个成年女性时使用；例句：There are several women in the room.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：female(n.):女性；例句：The ratio of males to females in the population has changed.(来源：牛津高阶 词典)-近义词：lady(n.):女士；例句：A lady came up to me and asked for directions.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：woman doctor:女医生；适用于描述职业为医生的女性，语法上用单数形式时doctor用单数，复数时都用 复数；例句：My sister is a woman doctor..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：old woman:老妇人；适用于描述年长的 女性；例句：The old woman is very kind.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：working woman:职业女性；适用于描述有工 作的女性；例句：More and more working women are achieving success in their careers.(来源：朗文当代高级英语词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词复数形式：原题：There are many, woman)in the park..(答案：women) (来源：教材) short 词义与词性 ■(adj.)(adj):短的 The dress is too short.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj.):矮的 He is short for his age.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■(adj.)(ad):短暂的 Ne had a short holiday.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adj)(adj.):短缺的 We're short of fuel.(来源：牛津高阶词典) [词性转换 ■副词：shortly;例句：He'll be back shortly.(来源：牛津高阶词典)名词：shortage;例句：There is a shortage of water.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：brief::形容词，短暂的；例句：Let me give you a brief introduction.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：little:形 容词，矮的；例句：The little boy is very cute.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：scanty:形容词，短缺的；例句：They have scanty food supplies..(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：be short of:缺乏；适用于描述缺少某物的场景，语法上of后接所缺的物品；例句：We're short of time. (来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：in short:简言之；适用于总结内容的场景，语法上一般用于句首；例句：In shot,we must be prepared.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语3：cut short::中断；适用于描述打断某事的场景，语 法上后接被打断的事情；例句：He cut short his speech.(来源：柯林斯词典)短语4：fall short of:未达到；适 用于描述未达到目标等场景，语法上of后接目标；例句：The result fell short of our expectations.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作形容词，考察其比较级和最高级形式：原题：This rope is 一(shot)than that one..(答案：shorter)考法2：考 察固定搭配be short of:原题：Ne are_(shot)money.(答案：shot) (来源：教材) long 词义与词性 ■(adj)(adj):长的；远的；长久的 We had a long conversation about our future.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(adv.)(adw.):长久地；长期地 She watched the performance long and hard.(来源：柯林斯词典) ■((V.):渴望；盼望 He longs to return to his hometown..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词比较级：longer;最高级：longest;:例句：This river is longer than that one.(来源：牛津高阶词典)副词比较 级：longer;:最高级：longest:例句：You should sleep longer..(来源：柯林斯词典)名词：length;例句：The length of this rope is5 meters.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：lengthy:形容词，漫长的；例句：He gave a lengthy speech.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：extended:形 容词，延长的；例句：Ne had an extended vacation.(来源：柯林斯词典)近义词：prolonged:形容词，持续很久 的；例句：The country suffered a prolonged drought..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：as long as:只要；适用于条件状语从句场景，引导条件状语从句：例句：As long as you work hard,you will succeed.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：long for:渴望；适用于表达人内心渴望某物或某事的场景，语法上for后 接渴望的对象；例句：She longs for a peaceful life.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语3：before long:不久以后：适用于 描述未来时间的场景，语法上可单独作时间状语；例句：Before long,he found a new job.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短 语4：no longer::不再；适用于描述过去的状态或行为现在已停止的场景，语法上常放在行为动词前；例句：Heno longer smokes..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察形容词的比较级和最高级：原题：This ruler is (ong)than that one..(答案：longer)考法2：考察固定搭 配as long as;:原题：You can use my bike_ you keep it clean..(答案：as long as) (来源：教材) pair 词义与词性 ■(n)(n.):一双；一对；一副 I need a new pair of shoes.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■()(V.):使成对：配对 Pair the socks up..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■名词复数：pairs;例句：There are several pairs of gloves in the box.(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词过去式和过去分 词：paired;例句：They paired the students off for the activity..(来源：柯林斯词典)动词现在分词：pairing;例句： She is pairing the books according to their subjects.(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■同义词：couple:名词，一对；两个；例句：A couple of students were late for class..(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词： match:动词，使相配；使成对；例句：Match the words with the pictures.（来源：牛津高阶词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：a pair of:一双；一对；一副；适用于描述成双成对的物品，语法上pair为单数，of后接物品；例句：She wore a pair ofearrings.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：pair up:配对；结成对子；适用于分组、配对的场景，语法上为不及物短 语；例句：Pair up with a partner..（来源：牛津高阶词典)短语3：pair sb.lsth.with sb.lsth:使某人/煤物与某人/某物配对； 适用于安排配对的场景，语法上with后接与之配对的对象；例句：The teacher paired me with Tom.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：考察名词单复数变化：原题：I have two (pair)of scissors.(答案：pais)考法2：考察固定搭配a pair of:原 题：He bought (pair)glasses.(答案：a pairof) (来源：教材) look 词义与词性 ■()(v.):看；瞧 Look at the blackboard.(来源：外研社《英语》教材) ■()(v.):看起来；显得 You look happy today..(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):看；瞧 Let me have a look.(来源：朗文当代英语词典) ■(n.)(n.):样子；面容 He had a worried look on his face..(来源：柯林斯词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：lookable:值得一看的；例句：The old town is quite lookable.(来源：《英语搭配大词典》)现在分词：looking; 例句：He is looking for his keys..(来源：外研社《英语》教材)过去式和过去分词：looked;例句：She looked at me and smiled..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 同近义词 ■近义词：see:动词，看见；例句：Ican see a bird in the tree.(来源：牛津高阶词典)近义词：watch:动词，观看： 例句：Ne often watch TV in the evening.(来源：外研社《英语》教材)近义词：glance:动词，瞥一眼；例句：She glanced at her watch.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：look at:看；瞧；适用于提醒别人看某物的场景，语法上at后接看的对象；例句：Look at those lovely pandas. (来源：外研社《英语》教材)；短语2：look after:照顾；照料；适用于描述照顾人的场景，语法上ater后接被照 顾的对象；例句：She looks after her little brother..(来源：牛津高阶词典)：短语3：look like:看起来像；适用于描 述外貌相似的场景，语法上ike后接相似的对象；例句：He looks like his father..(来源：朗文当代英语词典)短语 4:look forward to::期待；盼望；适用于表达对未来事情期待的场景，语法上to后接名词、代词或动名词；例句： I'm looking forward to your letter.(来源：柯林斯词典) 典型考法 考法1：作动词，考察其现在进行时形式；原题：He(look)at the pictures now.(答案：is looking)考法2：考察固定 搭配look at:原题： (look)at the beautiful flowers.(答案：Look) (来源：教材) need 词义与词性 ■()(v.):需要；必需 You need a lot of patience to teach young children.(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(modal v.)(modal v.):需要；用于疑问句或否定句 Need I say more?(来源：牛津高阶词典) ■(n.)(n.):需要；需求；必要 There is an urgent need for gualified teachers.(来源：牛津高阶词典) 词性转换 ■形容词：needy;贫困的，生活困苦的；例句：The charity aims to help the needy.(来源：柯林斯词典)动词过去式/ 过去分词：needed;规则变化，直接加-ed;例句：I needed your help yesterday..(来源：牛津高阶词典)动词现在 分词：needing;规则变化，直接加-ing;例句：The house is needing repairs..(来源：柯林斯词典) 同近义词 ■-同义词：require:动词，需要；例句：This job requires a lot of skills..（来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：want:动词， 想要；例句：I want a new dress.(来源：牛津高阶词典)-近义词：demand:动词，要求；例句：The workers are demanding higher pay.(来源：柯林斯词典) 固定搭配 ■短语1：need to do sth.:需要做某事；适用于表达某人有做某事的必要性的场景，语法上to后接动词原形；例句： You need to finish your homework before you go out..(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语2：in need of:需要；适用于描述某 人或某物处于需要某种事物的状态的场景，语法上of后接需要的事物；例句：The project is in need of more funding. (来源：柯林斯词典)短语3：need sb.to do sth.:需要某人做某事；适用于表达让某人做某事的必要性的场景，语 法上sb.后接todo;例句：I need you to help me with this problem.(来源：牛津高阶词典)短语4：There is no need to do sth:没有必要做某事：适用于表达做某事没有必要的场景，语法上to后接动词原形；例句：There is no need to worry about it..(来源：牛津高阶词典) 典型考法 考法1：作实义动词，考察其第三人称单数形式；原题：He」 (need)to buy a new pair of shoes..(答案：needs)考法2： 考察固定搭配in need of:原题：The old man is help.(答案：in need of) (来源：教材) ten