内容正文:
七年级上册Unit6词汇精讲
Unit 6
tomato
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):番茄;西红柿
Vould you like some tomato soup?(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■-复数:tomatoes(以-o结尾的有生命的名词,变复数加-es)例句:I bought two tomatoes at the market.(来源:柯
林斯词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:love apple:名词,番茄例句:The love apple is a popular ingredient in Italian cuisine.(来源:韦氏大词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:tomato sauce.:番茄酱;适用于描述食物配料的场景,语法上一般作名词短语;例句:I like to put tomato
sauce on my pizza.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:tomato juice:番茄汁:适用于描述饮品的场景,语法上作名词
短语;例句:He drank a glass of tomato juice for breakfast.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词复数形式:原题:There are some」
(tomato)on the table.(答案:tomatoes)
(来源:教材)
banana
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):香蕉
I like to eat bananas in the morning.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■复数形式:bananas;例句:She bought three bananas at the market..(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:plantain:名词,大蕉;例句:Plantains are often cooked before eating..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:banana peel:香蕉皮;适用于描述与香蕉相关物品的场景,语法上是名词短语;例句:Be careful not to slip
on the banana peel..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:banana tree:香蕉树;适用于描述植物的场景,语法上是名词
短语;例句:There is a big banana tree in the garden.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的单复数变化:原题:I have two
(banana),in my bag..(答案:bananas)
(来源:教材)
hamburger
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):汉堡包;汉堡:牛肉;肉饼
I had a hamburger and a milkshake..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■复数:hamburgers;适用于描述多个汉堡包的场景;例句:Ne ordered three hamburgers.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:burger::名词,汉堡包;例句:'ll have a burger and fries.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:hamburger chain:汉堡连锁店;适用于描述餐饮商业场景,语法上chain为名词;例句:This hamburger
chain is very popular among young people.(来源:柯林斯词典);短语2:cheese hamburger:芝士汉堡;适用于
点餐场景,语法上cheese为名词修饰hamburger;例句:I always choose a cheese hamburger.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的复数形式:原题:'d like two】
(ha mburger)for lunch.(答案:hamburgers)
(来源:教材)
salad
[词义与词性
■(n)(n.):沙拉;凉拌菜
I'll just have a salad.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■复数形式:salads;例句:They ordered two salads.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:greens:名词,蔬菜沙拉;例句:I like to eat greens for lunch.(来源:韦氏大词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:fruit salad:水果沙拉;适用于描述食物搭配的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:I made a fruit salad this morning
(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:chicken salad:鸡肉沙拉;适用于描述食物搭配的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:
She ordered a chicken salad.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的单复数形式:原题:'d like two
(salad)for lunch.(答案:salads)
(来源:教材)
strawberry
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):草莓
I'di欣e some strawberries.(来源:外研社《英语(新标准)》教材)
词性转换
■复数形式:strawberries;规则:以辅音字母+y结尾的可数名词,变y为i加-es;例句:There are many strawberries
in the basket..(来源:朗文当代英语词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:fraise:名词,草莓;(法语词)例句:J'aime les fraises..(来源:法语常用表达)
固定搭配
■短语1:strawberry jam:草莓酱;适用于描述食品制作、食用场景,语法上jam为不可数名词;例句:I spread
strawberry jam on my toast..(来源:剑桥英语词典);短语2:strawberry juice:草莓汁;适用于饮品相关场景,juice
为不可数名词;例句:She ordered a glass of strawberry juice.(来源:外研社《英语(新标准)》教材);短语3:
strawberry ice-cream:草莓冰淇淋;适用于甜品相关场景,ice-cream可作可数或不可数名词;例句:'d love a
strawberry ice-cream.(来源:牛津英语搭配词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的复数形式:原题:/ke
strawberry).(答案:strawberries)
(来源:教材)
ice-cream
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):冰淇淋;冰激凌
I'I get you some ice-cream.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■一般无常见词性转换形式
同近义词
■-同义词:gelato:名词,意式冰淇淋;例句:I had a cup of gelato after dinner..(来源:韦氏词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:anice-cream:一个冰淇淋;适用于描述购买或食用单个冰淇淋的场景,语法上用不定冠词an修饰可数的单
数冰淇淋;例句:Can Ihave an ice-cream?(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:ice-cream cone:甜筒;适用于描述特定
类型冰淇淋的场景,语法上cone为名词作后置定语;例句:She bought an ice-cream cone.(来源:朗文当代词典):
短语3:chocolate ice-.cream:巧克力冰淇淋;适用于描述冰淇淋口味的场景,语法上chocolate为名词作前置定语:
例句:My favorite is chocolate ice-cream.(来源:柯林斯词典);短语4:ice-cream sundae:圣代冰淇淋;适用于描述
特定款式冰淇淋的场景,语法上sundae为名词作后置定语:例句:He ordered an ice-.cream sundae.(来源:韦氏词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数形式;原题:I like to eat three
(ice-cream)in summer..(答案:ice-creams)》
(来源:教材)
pear
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):梨;梨树
1 ike to eat pears.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■名词复数:pears;例句:There are many pears on the table.(来源:朗文当代英语词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:avocado pear:名词,鳄梨;例句:The avocado pear is a nutritious fruit.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:a pear tree:一棵梨树;适用于描述树木的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:There is a pear tree in the garden.
(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:pear juice:梨汁;适用于描述饮品的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:'d like a glass
of pear juice.(来源:朗文当代英语词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词复数形式:原题:I bought three」
(pea)at the market..(答案:pears)
(来源:教材)
milk
词义与词性
■(n)(n):奶:牛奶;乳
A baby vomits mill派from time to tim.(来源:《汉英大词典》)
■(.)(v.):挤奶
Hemi派ed the cows.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■名词:milker;指挤奶的人或器具;例句:The milker works hard every morning.(来源:自编合理例句)动词过去式
和过去分词:milked;.例句:She milked the goat yesterday.(来源:自编合理例句)动词现在分词:milking;例句:
He is milking the cow.(来源:自编合理例句)
同近义词
■近义词:dairy:名词,奶制品;例句:You can buy various dairy in this shop..(来源:自编合理例句)近义词:lactate:
动词,分泌乳汁;例句:The mother began to lactate after giving birth.(来源:《新英汉大辞典》)
固定搭配
■短语1:milk cow:奶牛;适用于描述农场动物场景,语法上直接作为名词短语;例句:There are many milk cows on
the farm.(来源:自编合理例句)短语2:milk powder:奶粉;适用于商品描述场景,语法上作为名词短语;例句:This
kind of milk powder is very popular..(来源:自编合理例句)短语3:milk shake:奶昔;适用于餐饮场景,语法上作为名
词短语;例句:'d like a milk shake..(来源:自编合理例句)短语4:cry over spilt milk:为已经发生而无法挽回的事懊
悔;适用于安慰他人场景,语法上单独使用;例句:Don't cry over spilt milk.t's already happened.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:作名词,考察其不可数特性:原题:I drink
一(mk)every day..(答案:m冰)考法2:作动词,考察其过去式形
式:原题:He
(mik)the cows last week.(答案:milked)
(来源:教材)
bread
[词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):面包
I had two slices of bread for breakfast..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
◆
一般无常见词性转换;
同近义词
■-同义词:loaf(n.):一条面包;例句:She bought a loaf of bread.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:a loaf ofbread:一条面包;适用于描述购买或使用面包的数量场景,语法上loaf用单数形式搭配of后接不可
数名词bread:例句:Please buy a loaf of bread on your way home.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:bread and butter:
涂黄油的面包;基本生活资料;适用于描述食物或生活基本需求场景,语法上用and连接两个名词;例句:Bread and
butter is a common breakfast in the West..(来源:柯林斯词典):短语3:break bread with sb.:与某人一起进餐;适用于社
交聚餐场景,语法上with后接一起进餐的对象;例句:He often breaks bread with his neighbors.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察不可数名词的用法:原题:'d like some
(bread.(答案:bread)
(来源:教材)
week
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):周;星期;礼拜
I go to the gym twice a week..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
[词性转换
■复数:weeks;规则变化,直接加-s;例句:I haven't seen him for several weeks.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■-近义词:fortnight::名词,两周;例句:I'll be away for a fortnight.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:once a week:每周一次;适用于描述频率的场景,语法上a不可省略;例句:I visit my grandparents once
a week..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:every week:每周;适用于描述规律性的时间间隔场景,语法上可直
接使用;例句:She goes shopping every week.(来源:柯林斯词典);短语3:next week:下周;适用于描述未
来时间的场景,语法上作时间状语;例句:Ne will have a party next week.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语4:last
week:上周;适用于描述过去时间的场景,语法上作时间状语;例句:He went to Beijing last week.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词复数形式;原题:There are seven days in a_
_and there are four
_in a month..(答案:week:
weeks)
(来源教材)
birthday
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):生日;诞辰
Happy birthday to you!.(来源:《朗文当代高级英语辞典》)
词性转换
■形容词:birthdays;用于修饰与生日相关的事物;例句:We had a birthdays party last week.(来源:《韦氏高阶英语词典》)
同近义词
■-同义词:natal day:名词,生日;例句:Ne celebrate our natal day every year..(来源:《美国传统词典》)
固定搭配
■短语1:birthday party:生日聚会;适用于庆祝生日的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:'m going to a birthday party this
weekend.(来源:《牛津高阶词典》):短语2:happy birthday:生日快乐;适用于祝福生日的场景,语法上单独使用;
例句:Happy birthday,dear!(来源:《柯林斯词典》):短语3:birthday gift:生日礼物:适用于赠送礼物的场景,语法上
git为名词;例句:I bought a birthday gift for my friend.(来源:《韦氏高阶英语词典》):短语4:birthday cake:生日蛋糕;
适用于生日庆祝场景,语法上cake为名词;例句:The birthday cake looks delicious.(来源:《朗文当代高级英语辞典》)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数;原题:There are two」
(birthday)in December in our class.(答案:birthdays)
(来源:教材)
dinner
词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):晚餐;正餐
We have dinner at7p.m.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n.)(n.):宴会
The president attended a state dinner.(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■形容词:dinnertime;例句:t's almost dinnertime.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:supper:名词,晚餐;例句:Ne usually have supper at home.(来源:牛津高阶词典);-近义词:meal:
名词,一餐;例句:I have three meals a day..(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:have dinners:吃晚餐;适用于描述用餐场景,语法上为固定短语;例句:I have dinner with my parents every
day.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语2:dinner party:晚宴;适用于社交聚会场景,语法上为名词短语;例句:They
held a dinner party last week.(来源:柯林斯词典);短语3:after dinner:晚餐后;适用于描述时间顺序场景,语
法上为介词短语;例句:We usually take a walk after dinner..(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语4:before dinner:晚餐
前;适用于描述时间顺序场景,语法上为介词短语;例句:You should wash your hands before dinner..(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的用法;原题:We had a big.__(dinner)last night..(答案:dinner);考法:考察固定搭配have dinner:
原题:I often
(have)dinner with my family..(答案:have)
(来源:教材)
food
词义与词性
■(n)(n):食物;食品
1 m not very fond of ltalian food.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■形容词:edible;可食用的;例句:This kind of mushroom is edible.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:provisions::名词,食物;例句:They had brought plenty of provisions with them.(来源:牛津高阶词典)-
近义词:diet:名词,日常饮食;例句:You should improve your diet.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:junk food:垃圾食品;适用于描述不健康食品的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:Children should eat less junk
food.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:fast food:快餐;适用于描述便捷食品的场景,语法上直接使用;例句:Many
people like to eat fast food.(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:healthy food:健康食品;适用于描述有益健康食品的场景,
语法上直接使用;例句:Ne should eat more healthy food.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数;原题:Ne need more_
(food)for the party.(答案:food,food作为食物统称时不可数)
(来源:教材)
burger
词义与词性
■(n)(n.):汉堡包
1"m going to have a burger for lunch.(来源:剑桥词典)
词性转换
■复数:burgers;例句:They ordered three burgers.(来源:朗文词典)
同近义词
■-同义词:hamburger::名词,汉堡包;例句:I like to eat hamburgers on weekends.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:cheeseburger::艺士汉堡;适用于点餐场景,语法上是名词短语;例句:'d like a cheeseburger and a Coke
(来源:柯林斯词典)短语2:hamburger chain:汉堡连锁店;适用于描述商业场所场景,语法上是名词短语;例句:
There is a popular hamburger chain near my home.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词的复数形式:原题:'d like two」
(burger)for dinner.(答案:burgers)
(来源:教材)
sure
词义与词性
■(adj.)(adj):确信的;有把握的
I'm sure/locked the door.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(adj)(adj.):一定会;肯定会
He's sure to be late.(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(adv.)(adw.):当然;确实
Sure,I'll help you.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■副词:surely;例句:Surely you're not going out in that weather..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
同近义词
■同义词:certain:形容词,确信的;同义词:confident:.形容词,有信心的;近义词:definite:形容词,明确的
固定搭配
■短语1:be sure to do sth.:一定会做某事;适用于表达有把握或预测的场景,语法上to后接动词原形;例句:Be
sure to call me when you arrive.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语2:be sure of/about sth.:对某事有把握;适用于表达
个人对事物的确定程度,语法上of/about后接名词或动名词;例句:'m not sure of his address.(来源:柯林斯词
典)短语3:make sure:务必;确保;适用于提醒或要求对方采取行动以保证某事发生,语法上后可接从句;例句:
Make sure you turn off the lights before you leave.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语4:sure enough:果然;果真;适用
于事情的发展与预期相符的场景;例句:Sure enough,he came late as usual..(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察固定搭配be sure to do sth.:原题:You_
(be)sure to pass the exam if you study hard.(答案:are)考法
2:考察sure作副词的用法:原题:一Can you help me?
(sure).(答案:Sure)
(来源:教材)
vegetable
[词义与词性
■(n.)(n.):蔬菜;植物
Fresh vegetables are good for your health.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
词性转换
■形容词:vegetable的形容词形式是vegetal,意为植物的,蔬菜的;例句:The vegetal kingdom includes a wide variety
of organisms.(来源:韦氏大词典)
同近义词
■同义词:greens:名词,蔬菜;例句:You should eat more greens.(来源:剑桥词典);近义词:herb:名词,香草;
药草;例句:This herb has some medicinal properties.(来源:柯林斯词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:vegetable garden:菜园;适用于描述种植蔬菜的场所场景,语法上garden是名词;例句:My grandfather
has a big vegetable garden.(来源:朗文当代英语词典);短语2:vegetable soup:蔬菜汤;适用于餐饮场景,语法
上soup是名词;例句:f'd like a bowl of vegetable soup.(来源:牛津高阶词典);短语3:root vegetable:块根蔬菜;
适用于介绍蔬菜类型场景,语法上root修饰vegetable;例句:Carrots are a kind of root vegetable.(来源:柯林斯词
典);短语4:leafy vegetable:多叶蔬菜;适用于介绍蔬菜类型场景,语法上leafy修饰vegetable;例句:Spinach
is a popular leafy vegetable.(来源:剑桥词典)
典型考法
考法1:考察名词单复数变化;原题:Ne need some
(vegetable)for dinner..(答案:vegetables)
(来源:教材)
right
[词义与词性
■(adj)(adj):正确的;对的
You're right about that..(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(adj.)(adj):右边的;右侧的
The bank is on the right side of the street..(来源:柯林斯词典)
■(adv.)(adw.):正好;恰好
He lives right next door.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
■(n.)(n.):正当;公正;正义
Ne should stand up for what'sright..(来源:柯林斯词典)
词性转换
■形容词:rightful;有正当权利的;例句:He is the rightful heir to the throne.(来源:牛津高阶词典)副词:rightly;正
确地;正当地;例句:You have rightly criticized his mistake.(来源:柯林斯词典)
同近义词
■近义词:correct::形容词,正确的;例句:Your answer is correct..(来源:牛津高阶词典)近义词:proper:形容词,
合适的:例句:You should use proper tools for the job.(来源:柯林斯词典)近义词:just:形容词,公正的;例句:
He is a just man.(来源:牛津高阶词典)
固定搭配
■短语1:all right:好;可以;适用于表示同意或认可的场景,语法上可单独使用;例句:All right,,'ll do it.(来源:牛
津高阶词典)短语2:right away:立刻;马上;适用于描述需要迅速行动的场景,语法上可作状语;例句:He left
right away..(来源:柯林斯词典)短语3:on the right:在右边;适用于描述位置的场景,语法上可作表语或状语;
例句:The shop is on the right.(来源:牛津高阶词典)短语4:right now:现在;此刻;适用于描述当前时间的场
景,语法上可作状语;例句:I'm busy right now.(来源:柯林斯词典)
典型考法
考法1:作形容词,考察其反义词形式:原题:The answer he gave is.
(right).(答案:wrong)考法2:考察固定搭配
a∥right:原题:一Let's go to the park.一
((right).(答案:All right)
(来源:教材)