专题02 被动语态（期中复习讲义）九年级英语上学期牛津上海版

专题02 被动语态（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 2-3 被动语态 单项选择 句型转换 单词拼写等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 一：被动语态的句型 句型 构成 例句 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词( + by... ) English is spoken everywhere. 到处有人说英语。 否定句 主语 + be + not + 过去分词( + by…) English isn’ t spoken by people here. 这里的人不说英语。 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + 过去分词(+ by...)? —Was Tom asked to come early? 汤姆被要求早点来吗? —Yes, he was. 是的，他被要求了。/No, he wasn’ t. 不，他没有。 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词(+by...)? Why was this bridge destroyed by the government? 政府为什么要拆毁这座桥? 二：被动语态的各种时态形式 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + 其他 History is made by the people. 历史是人们创造的。 These books are designed for children. 这些书是为孩子们设计的。 一般过去时 主语 + was/were + 过去分词 + 其他 The letter was written in English. 这封信是用英语写的。 The cars were made in Shanghai. 这些车是上海生产的。 一般将来时 主语 + will be + 过去分词 + 其他 Your job will be kept open for your return. 你的工作将保留到你回来。 When will the work be finished? 这项工作什么时候完成？ 现在进行时 主语+ am/is/am + being + 过去分词 +其他 A new railway is being built. 一条新铁路正在修建。 Because my car is being repaired, I have to go to work by taxi. 因为我的车正在修理，所以我不得不坐出租车去上班。 过去进行时 主语+ was/were + being + 过去分词+ 其他 The hall was being built last year. I’ m not sure if it is completed. 这个个大厅去年正在修建，我不清楚建好了没有。 The road was being widened when I passed by the village. 当我经过那个村庄时，道路正在加宽。 现在完成时 主语 +have/has been + 过去分词 + 其他 He has been sent to work in Shanghai. 他已经被派往上海工作了。 Has the sports meeting been put off until next Friday? 运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？ 过去完成时 主语 + had been + 过去分词 + 其他 The room had been broken into before we came. 我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子。 A new hotel had been built when I got there. 我到那儿时，一座新旅馆已经建好了。 情态动词 主语 + 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 + 其他 Her temperature should be taken twice a day. 她的体温应该一天量两次。 If heated, water can be turned into vapour. 如果受热，水会变成蒸气。 三：被动语态的用法 用法 例句 不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者 How is this word pronounced? 这个单词怎么发音？ The book was published in 2005. 这本书是2005年出版的。 强调动作的承受者 School will be opened in our village. 我们村将开办一所新的希望学校。 当动作的执行者是泛指时 He is suspected of robbing the bank. 有人怀疑他抢劫银行。 表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者 I have been told many times not to make noises. 有人多次告诉我不要吵闹。 句法修饰的需要 The lecture will be made by Joe, who is a young musician from Italy. 乔要做这个报告，他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家。 有些动词习惯上常用被动语态 He was born in this city. 他出生在这个城市。 It is reported that he is a professor from New Zealand. 据报道，他是来自新西兰的一位教授。 四：主动语态变被动语态 说明 例句 含有单个宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，并依据上表（被动语态的各种时态形式）谓语改为被动形式；如果需要说明动作的发出者，则需加上＂by + 主动句的主语（人称代词宾格）＂。 The famous professor gave two lectures in English. →Two lectures were given (by the famous professor) in English. 那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告。 They often ask some questions after class. →Some questions are often asked (by them) after class. 他们经常在课后问一些问题。 含有双宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 间接宾语+ 直接宾语＂：当直接宾语是名词或代词时，可将间接宾语和直接宾语中的任意一个变为被动的主语，而另一个保持不动。但是，当直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前应加上介词to或or。 The doctor gave me some good advice on the pronunciation. →I was given some good advice on the pronunciation. →Some good advice was given to me on the pronunciation. 老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建议。 含有复合宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 宾语 +宾语补足语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补保持不动(成为主语补足语，简称主补)。 We call him Li Hua. →He is called Li Hua. 我们叫他李华。 They painted the room white. →The room was painted white. 他们把房间刷成了白色。 【易错警示】 感官动词和使役动词后接动词原形作宾补，变为被动语态时，需要在动词原形前加上省略的不定式符号to，即＂be seen/heard/found/observed/noticed/made to do sth＂。 They saw her enter the meeting room just now. →She was seen to enter the meeting room just now. 刚才他们看见她进入了会议室。 含有动词短语（作谓语）的主动句：谓语为及物动词短语的主动句方可变为被动语态。 They take good care of these children. →These children are taken good care of. 他们把这些孩子照顾得非常好。 We should make full use of the good chance. →The good chance should be made full use of. 我们应该充分利用这次好机会。 【易错警示】 动词短语用于被动语态时，把它们看作一个整体变成被动结构，其后的介词和副词不可丢掉。 五：主动形式表示被动意义 情况 例句 说明主语的性质、特征的动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：lock，open，read，sell，teach，wash，write等。 The cloth washes well. 这种布料很容易洗. A freshly baked cake doesn’ t cut easily. 刚烤好的蛋糕不容易切。 表示感官的连系动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：smell，feel，taste，sound等。 This piece of music sounds good. 这段音乐听起来不错。 Mooncakes taste delicious. 月饼尝起来很美味。 某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义，如：need，want，require，worth等。 The bike needs repairing. 这辆自行车需要修理。 Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。 【知识拓展】 常见的被动形式表示主动意义的词组： be seated 坐着，就座 be hidden 躲藏 be lost 迷路 be drunk 喝醉 be dressed 穿着 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．When you feel cold air coming through your window, energy ________. A．wastes B．is wasted C．wasted D．was wasted 2．A number of new houses __________ in Wenchuan last year. A．built B．are built C．were built D．will be built 3．—Dad, please open the door, it ________. —OK, dear. I’m coming. A．locks B．locked C．is locked D．was locked 4．—Master Li, when will we start the new machine? —Take your time. Not until all the parts ________ carefully. A．are checked B．will check C．will be checked D．check 5．The 2025 Asian Winter Games ________ in Harbin next February. A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held 6．—Do you need my help to boil the eggs? —Thanks. They________ five minutes ago. A．were boiled B．are boiled C．will be boiled D．have boiled 7．—Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? —I’d love to, but I ________ to go out this afternoon. A．don’t allow B．will allow C．won’t be allowed D．am not allowed 8．After they landed, they ________ to a nice restaurant by the local officials. A．are led B．were guided C．took D．are shown 9．—Do you know when the USA ________? —Yes. In 1776. A．found B．was found C．was founded D．founded 10．—Do you know if the sports meeting ________ on time? —Hard to say. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off. A．is held; will rain B．will be held; will rain C．is held; rains D．will be held; rains 11．—Can you finish the task within two hours, Sandy?    —I think I can if I ________ one more hour. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 12．When Daming was travelling in the US, he noticed many everyday things produced in China ______ in the stores. A．are found B．have been found C．will be found D．could be found 13．—Chang’e-5 (嫦娥五号) ________ to the moon and it has returned to the earth successfully. —As Chinese, we are so proud ________ our country. A．was sent; in B．sent; of C．was sent; of D．sent; in 14．Today, the Spring Festival ________ in many countries around the world. A．celebrated B．has celebrated C．is celebrated D．is celebrating 15．—I hear that you took part in a clean-up activity last week. —Yes, it ________ by a volunteer group of our city. A．organizes B．organized C．is organizing D．was organized 二、单词拼写 16．The trip was by Johnson, which helps poor people throughout the world. (fund) 17．You may go skating after your homework .（finish） 18．Our English teacher by the sudden loud noise yesterday morning.（interrupt） 19．Before the Spring Festival, red lanterns are often (hang) along streets to celebrate the new year’s coming. 20．Make sure the safety belt was fastened before departure. (secure) 21．You are to read coming-of-age novels like The adventures of Tom Sawyer. (encourage) 22．As we all know, printing was first by the Chinese. (invention) 23．The research team is not to be in such an ugly situation. (suppose) 24．Fruit is often for free after a meal in the restaurants. (service) 25．The fish are from the birds’ mouths to a big basket. (move) 提升题（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单项选择 1．The Chinese Spring Festival ________ on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on December 4, 2024. A．includes B．has included C．was included D．has been included 2．The Water Festival ______ in Xishuangbanna from April 13th to 15th this year. Everyone had fun there. A．celebrate B．celebrated C．is celebrated D．was celebrated 3．To fight against the pollution, the clean energy like solar power ______ more and more widely in modern society. A．uses B．will use C．used D．is used 4．________ the old camera, the new one is more convenient. A．Compare with B．Compare to C．Compared with D．Comparing to 5．—Do you know the famous artist in red? —Sure. She________ to the art festival in our city every year. A．invited B．invites C．is invited D．was invited 6．Nobody could tell exactly ________ the ancient treasure ________ hidden during the war, but many people were still searching for it. A．when; was B．that; was C．whether; has been D．if; was 7．As the story ________, the secret of the castle is ________ little by little. A．ends; found B．begins; discovered C．develops; discovered D．happens; found 8．—Susan, is there going to be a meeting I need to attend next Tuesday? I’m not sure. —Just relax, you will ________ the time one day early. A．reminded B．be reminded C．be reminded to D．be reminded of 9．The basketball club ________ last year. A．find B．was found C．founded D．was founded 10．More and more new technologies will ________ into our lives by scientists. A．bring B．brought C．be brought D．brings 11．Pu’er Tea ________ in some western areas of Yunnan. A．plants B．planting C．planted D．is planted 12．He looks worried because his notebook ________ by mistake yesterday. A．took B．was taken C．takes D．is taken 13．—What a beautiful dress! —Thanks. It _________ by my mother last week. A．made B．was making C．was made D．makes 14．He Jiang ________ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month. A．invites B．invited C．is invited D．was invited 15．Red lanterns ________ in stores to attract customers during the Spring Festival. A．hang B．hanged C．are hanged D．are hung 二、完成句子 16．The sound of someone moving around woke me. (改为被动语态) I by the sound of someone moving around. 17．We should protect animals and plants to keep ecosystems functional. (句意不变) Animals and plants should to keep ecosystems functional. 18．The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April 10. (改为被动语态) The picture of a black hole to the world by the scientists on April 10. 19．The strong wind knocked down several trees yesterday.（改为被动语态） Several trees down by the strong wind yesterday. 20．was, instead of, the city by a trick, captured, by fighting (连词成句) . 21．We will build a new hospital near our neighbourhood soon. (改为被动语态) A new hospital will near our neighbourhood soon. 22．Next year, people will add new records to the Guinness World Records. (改为被动语态) Next year, new records will to the Guinness World Records. 23．We made some parts of the face bigger to make it look funnier when we drew a cartoon face. (改为被动语态) Some parts of the face bigger to make it look funnier when we drew a cartoon face. 24．Mrs. Green moved most of the flower pots into the house last night. (改为被动语态) Most of the flower pots into the house by Mrs. Green last night. 25．He expected to be forgiven. (保持原句意思) He expected that he forgiven. 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单项选择 1．I want the work ________ properly. I’m the only one who can do it right. A．do B．be done C．to be done D．to do 2．We ________ to speak loudly in the library. A．don’t allow B．aren’t allowed C．didn’t allow D．weren’t allowed 3．—The 2023 Space Day of China ________ on April 24 at Hefei Binhu International Convention and Exhibition Center. —How exciting! Our hometown is becoming stronger and stronger. A．is held B．was held C．will be held D．held 4．—This song is moving, though I can’t understand the lyrics very well. —It’s a French song. It ________ to express the singer’s love for her mother. A．records B．recorded C．is recording D．was recorded 5．The opening ceremony（开幕式） of the 19th Asian Games ________ at the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium in Hangzhou, East China’s Zhejiang Province on the evening of September23rd, 2023. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 6．—Look! Am I OK in the dress? —I’m afraid you ________ when appearing in the ceremony. A．will show the gate B．will be shown the gate C．are shown the gate D．show the gate 7．Our work ________ unless more effort is put into it . A．will finish B．will be finished C．will not be finished D．will not finish 8．During the days after lockdown, more than 30, 000 medical workers from across the country ________ to Hubei province in 2020. A．was sent B．were sent C．have sent D．had sent 9．—I think it’s more and more important for us to protect our environment. —I agree with you. Air and water ________ seriously. A．is polluted B．are polluting C．polluted D．are being polluted 10．—All Chinese were excited to celebrate the Party’s birthday on July 1st, 2023. —Yes. It _______ over 100 years since our Party _______ in the last century. A．was, found B．was, founded C．is, was founded D．is, is founded 11．The computer has made a big difference to people’s life since it ________ A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 12．—How was the sports meeting yesterday, Emily? —Bad luck! It ________ because of the heavy rain. A．canceled B．will cancel C．was canceled D．will be canceled 13．What a nice bridge! When ________ it ________? A．did build B．was built C．will build D．was building 14．—My father used to work by bus, but now he ________ driving his new energy car. —This new kind of car ________ in our city to reduce pollution in the future. A．is used to; used to B．used to; is used to C．is used to; will be used D．used to; was used 15．Great progress ________ by the research team in fighting against cancer in the past few years. A．has made B．have been made C．have made D．has been made 2 / 21 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 被动语态（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 2-3 被动语态 单项选择 句型转换 单词拼写等 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 一：被动语态的句型 句型 构成 例句 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词( + by... ) English is spoken everywhere. 到处有人说英语。 否定句 主语 + be + not + 过去分词( + by…) English isn’ t spoken by people here. 这里的人不说英语。 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + 过去分词(+ by...)? —Was Tom asked to come early? 汤姆被要求早点来吗? —Yes, he was. 是的，他被要求了。/No, he wasn’ t. 不，他没有。 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词(+by...)? Why was this bridge destroyed by the government? 政府为什么要拆毁这座桥? 二：被动语态的各种时态形式 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + 其他 History is made by the people. 历史是人们创造的。 These books are designed for children. 这些书是为孩子们设计的。 一般过去时 主语 + was/were + 过去分词 + 其他 The letter was written in English. 这封信是用英语写的。 The cars were made in Shanghai. 这些车是上海生产的。 一般将来时 主语 + will be + 过去分词 + 其他 Your job will be kept open for your return. 你的工作将保留到你回来。 When will the work be finished? 这项工作什么时候完成？ 现在进行时 主语+ am/is/am + being + 过去分词 +其他 A new railway is being built. 一条新铁路正在修建。 Because my car is being repaired, I have to go to work by taxi. 因为我的车正在修理，所以我不得不坐出租车去上班。 过去进行时 主语+ was/were + being + 过去分词+ 其他 The hall was being built last year. I’ m not sure if it is completed. 这个个大厅去年正在修建，我不清楚建好了没有。 The road was being widened when I passed by the village. 当我经过那个村庄时，道路正在加宽。 现在完成时 主语 +have/has been + 过去分词 + 其他 He has been sent to work in Shanghai. 他已经被派往上海工作了。 Has the sports meeting been put off until next Friday? 运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？ 过去完成时 主语 + had been + 过去分词 + 其他 The room had been broken into before we came. 我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子。 A new hotel had been built when I got there. 我到那儿时，一座新旅馆已经建好了。 情态动词 主语 + 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 + 其他 Her temperature should be taken twice a day. 她的体温应该一天量两次。 If heated, water can be turned into vapour. 如果受热，水会变成蒸气。 三：被动语态的用法 用法 例句 不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者 How is this word pronounced? 这个单词怎么发音？ The book was published in 2005. 这本书是2005年出版的。 强调动作的承受者 School will be opened in our village. 我们村将开办一所新的希望学校。 当动作的执行者是泛指时 He is suspected of robbing the bank. 有人怀疑他抢劫银行。 表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者 I have been told many times not to make noises. 有人多次告诉我不要吵闹。 句法修饰的需要 The lecture will be made by Joe, who is a young musician from Italy. 乔要做这个报告，他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家。 有些动词习惯上常用被动语态 He was born in this city. 他出生在这个城市。 It is reported that he is a professor from New Zealand. 据报道，他是来自新西兰的一位教授。 四：主动语态变被动语态 说明 例句 含有单个宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，并依据上表（被动语态的各种时态形式）谓语改为被动形式；如果需要说明动作的发出者，则需加上＂by + 主动句的主语（人称代词宾格）＂。 The famous professor gave two lectures in English. →Two lectures were given (by the famous professor) in English. 那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告。 They often ask some questions after class. →Some questions are often asked (by them) after class. 他们经常在课后问一些问题。 含有双宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 间接宾语+ 直接宾语＂：当直接宾语是名词或代词时，可将间接宾语和直接宾语中的任意一个变为被动的主语，而另一个保持不动。但是，当直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前应加上介词to或or。 The doctor gave me some good advice on the pronunciation. →I was given some good advice on the pronunciation. →Some good advice was given to me on the pronunciation. 老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建议。 含有复合宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 宾语 +宾语补足语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补保持不动(成为主语补足语，简称主补)。 We call him Li Hua. →He is called Li Hua. 我们叫他李华。 They painted the room white. →The room was painted white. 他们把房间刷成了白色。 【易错警示】 感官动词和使役动词后接动词原形作宾补，变为被动语态时，需要在动词原形前加上省略的不定式符号to，即＂be seen/heard/found/observed/noticed/made to do sth＂。 They saw her enter the meeting room just now. →She was seen to enter the meeting room just now. 刚才他们看见她进入了会议室。 含有动词短语（作谓语）的主动句：谓语为及物动词短语的主动句方可变为被动语态。 They take good care of these children. →These children are taken good care of. 他们把这些孩子照顾得非常好。 We should make full use of the good chance. →The good chance should be made full use of. 我们应该充分利用这次好机会。 【易错警示】 动词短语用于被动语态时，把它们看作一个整体变成被动结构，其后的介词和副词不可丢掉。 五：主动形式表示被动意义 情况 例句 说明主语的性质、特征的动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：lock，open，read，sell，teach，wash，write等。 The cloth washes well. 这种布料很容易洗. A freshly baked cake doesn’ t cut easily. 刚烤好的蛋糕不容易切。 表示感官的连系动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：smell，feel，taste，sound等。 This piece of music sounds good. 这段音乐听起来不错。 Mooncakes taste delicious. 月饼尝起来很美味。 某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义，如：need，want，require，worth等。 The bike needs repairing. 这辆自行车需要修理。 Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。 【知识拓展】 常见的被动形式表示主动意义的词组： be seated 坐着，就座 be hidden 躲藏 be lost 迷路 be drunk 喝醉 be dressed 穿着 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．When you feel cold air coming through your window, energy ________. A．wastes B．is wasted C．wasted D．was wasted 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你感觉到冷空气从窗户透进来时，能量就被浪费了。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“When you feel...”可知，句子是一般现在时，且主语“energy”和动词waste之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”，故选B。 2．A number of new houses __________ in Wenchuan last year. A．built B．are built C．were built D．will be built 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年汶川建了许多新房子。 考查时态及语态。根据“last year”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，分析句子结构可知，主语houses和build为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态。故选C。 3．—Dad, please open the door, it ________. —OK, dear. I’m coming. A．locks B．locked C．is locked D．was locked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——爸爸，请开门，它被锁住了。——好的，亲爱的。我来了。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Dad, please open the door, it...”可知，主语“it”与动词“lock”是被动关系，且“锁门”这个动作表示当前的状态，故用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are done，it作主语，系动词用is，故选C。 4．—Master Li, when will we start the new machine? —Take your time. Not until all the parts ________ carefully. A．are checked B．will check C．will be checked D．check 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——李师傅，我们什么时候启动这台新机器？——别急。直到所有零件都被仔细检查之后。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。Not until... 引导时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则（主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来）。本句中，主句省略了“we will start the machine”，从句需用一般现在时；“all the parts”与“check”之间是被动关系，即“零件被检查”，需用被动语态“be + 过去分词”，所以填are checked。故选A。 5．The 2025 Asian Winter Games ________ in Harbin next February. A．holds B．will hold C．is held D．will be held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2025年亚洲冬季运动会将于明年2月在哈尔滨举行。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子主语“The 2025 Asian Winter Games”是动作“hold”的承受者，且根据“next February”可知，动作发生在将来，所以要用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。 6．—Do you need my help to boil the eggs? —Thanks. They________ five minutes ago. A．were boiled B．are boiled C．will be boiled D．have boiled 【答案】A 【详解】句意：— 你需要我帮忙煮鸡蛋吗？— 谢谢。它们五分钟前就煮好了。 考查被动语态和时态。were boiled 一般过去时的被动语态；are boiled 一般现在时的被动语态；will be boiled 一般将来时的被动语态；have boiled 现在完成时的主动语态。根据 “five minutes ago” 可知，时态为一般过去时；且 “eggs” 与 “boil” 之间是被动关系，即鸡蛋被煮，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故选 were boiled。 7．—Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? —I’d love to, but I ________ to go out this afternoon. A．don’t allow B．will allow C．won’t be allowed D．am not allowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——午饭后你愿意和我一起去购物吗？——我很想去，但今天下午我不被允许外出。 考查动词时态和语态。don’t allow不允许，一般现在时主动语态；will allow将会允许，一般将来时主动语态；won’t be allowed不会被允许，一般将来时被动语态；am not allowed不被允许，一般现在时被动语态。根据“—Would you like to go shopping with me after lunch? —I’d love to, but I…to go out this afternoon.”可知，“不被允许外出”是下午将要发生的事，应用一般将来时，且I与allow之间是被动关系，用被动语态will be done，否定形式为won’t be done。故选C。 8．After they landed, they ________ to a nice restaurant by the local officials. A．are led B．were guided C．took D．are shown 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们着陆后，被当地官员带到了一家不错的餐厅。 考查时态和语态。根据“by the local officials”可知，是被动语态，结合“landed”，此处用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were done”。故选B。 9．—Do you know when the USA ________? —Yes. In 1776. A．found B．was found C．was founded D．founded 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道美国是什么时候建立的吗？——是的，在1776年。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语“the USA”与动词“found”之间是被动关系（国家是被建立的），且“found”的过去分词是“founded”，需用被动语态“was founded”。故选C。 10．—Do you know if the sports meeting ________ on time? —Hard to say. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off. A．is held; will rain B．will be held; will rain C．is held; rains D．will be held; rains 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你知道运动会是否会准时举行吗？——很难说。如果明天下雨，我们将不得不推迟。 考查动词的时态。根据“Do you know if the sports meeting...on time?”可知，第一个空是if引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，因此从句根据需要选择时态，主语“the sports meeting”与谓语“hold”之间是动宾关系，且动作还未发生，因此用一般将来时的被动语态will be done；根据“If it...tomorrow, we’ll have to put it off.”可知，第二个空是由if引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时表示将来。故选D。 11．—Can you finish the task within two hours, Sandy?    —I think I can if I ________ one more hour. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——桑迪，你能在两小时内完成这项任务吗？——如果再给我一个小时我想我可以。 考查动词的时态和语态。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时态表将来。从句主语I与选项核心词give之间为被动关系，需一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be done，be动词用am，give的过去分词为given。故选B。 12．When Daming was travelling in the US, he noticed many everyday things produced in China ______ in the stores. A．are found B．have been found C．will be found D．could be found 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大明在美国旅行时，他注意到商店里可以找到很多中国生产的日常用品。 考查被动语态。are found一般现在时的被动语态；have been found现在完成时的被动语态；will be found一般将来时的被动语态；could be found含有情态动词的被动语态。根据“many everyday things produced in China...in the stores.”可知，很多中国生产的日常用品都可以在美国的商店里被找到，could be found符合语境。故选D。 13．—Chang’e-5 (嫦娥五号) ________ to the moon and it has returned to the earth successfully. —As Chinese, we are so proud ________ our country. A．was sent; in B．sent; of C．was sent; of D．sent; in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嫦娥五号被送往月球，并且它已经成功返回地球。——作为中国人，我们为我们的国家感到如此自豪。 考查被动语态和形容词短语。第一空，主语Chang’e-5 (嫦娥五号)是动作send的承受者，应使用被动语态be done，又根据后半句的has returned可知，句子时态是一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，send的过去分词是sent，所以第一空应填was sent；第二空，根据固定搭配be proud of“为……感到自豪”可知，第二空应填of。故选C。 14．Today, the Spring Festival ________ in many countries around the world. A．celebrated B．has celebrated C．is celebrated D．is celebrating 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，春节在世界上许多国家都被 (人们) 庆祝。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。celebrate庆祝，动词。句子主语“the Spring Festival”与动词“celebrate”是被动关系，需用被动语态；再结合句中“Today”，句子描述的是当前普遍存在的情况，时态需用一般现在时；因此，这里应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are +过去分词，主语“the Spring Festival”是单数，be动词用is，celebrate的过去分词为celebrated，组合为：is celebrated。故选C。 15．—I hear that you took part in a clean-up activity last week. —Yes, it ________ by a volunteer group of our city. A．organizes B．organized C．is organizing D．was organized 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我听说你上周参加了一个清扫活动。——是的，那是由我们市的一个志愿者团体组织的。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子主语it与动词organize“组织”为被动关系，应用被动语态；根据“I hear that you took part in a clean-up activity last week.”可知，清扫活动这一动作是过去发生的，时态为一般过去时，因此这里用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done；主语为it，be动词用was，organize的过去分词为organized。故选D。 二、单词拼写 16．The trip was by Johnson, which helps poor people throughout the world. (fund) 【答案】funded 【详解】句意：这次旅行是由约翰逊资助的，他帮助了全世界的穷人。根据“The trip was...by Johnson,”可知，trip和fund为动宾关系，构成被动，被动语态的构成：be+done。fund“为……提供资金”的过去分词为funded。故填funded。 17．You may go skating after your homework .（finish） 【答案】is finished 【详解】句意：你完成作业后可以去滑冰。主语“your homework”和谓语“finish”是被动关系，用被动语态be done，且homework是不可数名词，be动词用is，故填is finished。 18．Our English teacher by the sudden loud noise yesterday morning.（interrupt） 【答案】was interrupted 【详解】句意：昨天早晨，我们的英语老师被突然大声的噪音打断了。主语“our English teacher”与谓语“interrupt”之间为被动关系，且根据“yesterday morning”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为“our English teacher”，be动词用was，故填was interrupted。 19．Before the Spring Festival, red lanterns are often (hang) along streets to celebrate the new year’s coming. 【答案】hung 【详解】句意：春节前，人们常常在街道上挂起红灯笼，庆祝新年的到来。分析句意可知，红灯笼应该是被悬挂，所以此处为被动语态，结构为be done，hang的过去分词为hung。故填hung。 20．Make sure the safety belt was fastened before departure. (secure) 【答案】securely 【详解】句意：在出发之前请确保安全带已安全系紧。这里修饰fasten“系牢”要用副词securely。故填securely。 21．You are to read coming-of-age novels like The adventures of Tom Sawyer. (encourage) 【答案】encouraged 【详解】句意：我们鼓励你阅读成长小说，如《汤姆·索亚历险记》。此处主语you和谓语encourage之间是被动关系，故此处用过去分词和be动词构成被动语态。故填encouraged。 22．As we all know, printing was first by the Chinese. (invention) 【答案】invented 【详解】句意：众所周知，印刷术最早是由中国人发明的。根据“by the Chinese”可知，此句应用被动语态，结构为be done。invention意为“发明”，其对应动词是invent，过去分词是invented。故填invented。 23．The research team is not to be in such an ugly situation. (suppose) 【答案】supposed 【详解】句意：研究小组不应该处于如此糟糕的境地。根据“The research team is not...to be in such an ugly situation.”可知，句子结构为被动语态，be supposed to “应该，被期望做某事”，空处用suppose的过去分词supposed。故填supposed。 24．Fruit is often for free after a meal in the restaurants. (service) 【答案】served 【详解】句意：这家餐馆饭后通常免费提供水果。根据语境及提示词可知，本句应用被动语态“be done”结构表达“水果被提供”；serve“提供”，动词，其过去分词为served。故填served。 25．The fish are from the birds’ mouths to a big basket. (move) 【答案】moved 【详解】句意：鱼被从鸟的嘴里移到一个大篮子里。 句子主语“The fish”和动词“move”之间是被动关系，即鱼是被移动的，且句中有“are”，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“be+过去分词”，“move”的过去分词是“moved”。故填moved。 提升题（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单项选择 1．The Chinese Spring Festival ________ on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on December 4, 2024. A．includes B．has included C．was included D．has been included 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在2024年12月4日，中国春节被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“The Chinese Spring Festival”和动词include之间是被动关系；又根据时间状语“on December 4, 2024”可知，该句应用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语为单数，be动词用was，故选C。 2．The Water Festival ______ in Xishuangbanna from April 13th to 15th this year. Everyone had fun there. A．celebrate B．celebrated C．is celebrated D．was celebrated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：今年4月13日至15日，西双版纳庆祝了泼水节。大家在那里玩得很开心。   考查动词时态和语态。celebrate庆祝，一般现在时；celebrated庆祝了，一般过去时；is celebrated被庆祝，一般现在时的被动语态；was celebrated被庆祝了，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“this year”和“had fun”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，且主语“The Water Festival”与动词之间是被动关系。故选D。 3．To fight against the pollution, the clean energy like solar power ______ more and more widely in modern society. A．uses B．will use C．used D．is used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：为了对抗污染，像太阳能这样的清洁能源在现代社会中被越来越广泛使用。 考查被动语态。根据“the clean energy like solar power...more and more widely in modern society”可知，此处指清洁能源被使用，所以用被动语态，且句子描述的是一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构是am/is/are done，主语是the clean energy，为不可数名词，be动词用is，故选D。 4．________ the old camera, the new one is more convenient. A．Compare with B．Compare to C．Compared with D．Comparing to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：与老款照相机相比，这个新款更方便一些。 考查动词短语及被动语态。compare with把……与……相比，同类相比；compare to把……比作……，不同类相比，比喻。根据“…the old camera, the new one is more convenient.”可知，此处对比两个相机，是同类相比，应用compare with，排除B和D；且对于照相机来说，是被用来比较的，所以要用过去分词表被动。故选C。 5．—Do you know the famous artist in red? —Sure. She________ to the art festival in our city every year. A．invited B．invites C．is invited D．was invited 【答案】C 【详解】主语 she 和 invite 是被动关系，用被动语态；every year 表明是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态 is invited，故选C。 6．Nobody could tell exactly ________ the ancient treasure ________ hidden during the war, but many people were still searching for it. A．when; was B．that; was C．whether; has been D．if; was 【答案】A 【详解】句意：没有人能确切地说出战争期间古代宝藏是什么时候被藏起来的，但是许多人仍在寻找它。 考查宾语从句的引导词与时态。根据“Nobody could tell exactly”可知，此处强调没有人能确切地说出古代宝藏是什么时候被藏起来的，第一空应填入when引导宾语从句，其他选项不符合句意；宾语从句主语the ancient treasure和hidden之间是被动关系，动作发生在过去，第二空应填入be动词was，与hidden构成一般过去时的被动语态，作从句的谓语。故选A。 7．As the story ________, the secret of the castle is ________ little by little. A．ends; found B．begins; discovered C．develops; discovered D．happens; found 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着故事的发展，城堡的秘密正一点点被发现。 考查动词辨析与被动语态。ends结束；found发现；begins开始；discovered发现；develops发展；happens发生。根据“the secret of the castle is ... little by little.”可知，这是一个逐步推进的过程，develops“发展”，能体现故事推进中秘密渐露的过程，符合语境，因此第一空用develops；秘密是“被发现”，需用被动语态be+过去分词，found侧重偶然发现，而discovered侧重经过探索、研究后发现原本存在但不为人知的事物，此处指的是城堡的秘密，因此第二空用discovered。故选C。 8．—Susan, is there going to be a meeting I need to attend next Tuesday? I’m not sure. —Just relax, you will ________ the time one day early. A．reminded B．be reminded C．be reminded to D．be reminded of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——苏珊，下周二有我需要参加的会议吗？我不确定。——别担心，提前一天会有人提醒你的。 考查被动语态。根据“you will…time one day early”可知，“你”和“提醒”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，remind sb. of sth“提醒某人某事”，被动形式为sb. be reminded of sth，句中“time”是名词，表达“被提醒（关于会议的）时间”，故选D。 9．The basketball club ________ last year. A．find B．was found C．founded D．was founded 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个篮球俱乐部是去年成立的。 考查动词的时态和被动语态。find找到，一般现在时主动语态；was found被找到，一般过去时被动语态；founded成立，一般过去时主动语态；was founded被成立，一般过去时被动语态。主语“The basketball club”与谓语动词之间是被动关系，表示“俱乐部被成立”，应使用被动语态；根据时间状语“last year”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。故选D。 10．More and more new technologies will ________ into our lives by scientists. A．bring B．brought C．be brought D．brings 【答案】C 【详解】句意：越来越多的新技术将被科学家引入我们的生活中。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语More and more new technologies和动词bring之间是被动关系，故此处用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选C。 11．Pu’er Tea ________ in some western areas of Yunnan. A．plants B．planting C．planted D．is planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：普洱茶种植在云南西部的一些地区。 考查被动语态。根据“Pu’er Tea…in some western areas of Yunnan.”及结合选项可知，普洱茶种植在云南西部的一些地区。主语“Pu’er Tea”（普洱茶）是一种作物，本身不会主动执行“种植”的动作，而是被人类种植，因此需用被动语态be done表示。故选D。 12．He looks worried because his notebook ________ by mistake yesterday. A．took B．was taken C．takes D．is taken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他看起来很担心，因为他的笔记本昨天被错拿了。 考查时态和语态。根据“yesterday”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，主语notebook和动词take是被动关系，应该用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故选B。 13．—What a beautiful dress! —Thanks. It _________ by my mother last week. A．made B．was making C．was made D．makes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——多么漂亮的一条裙子啊！——谢谢。它是我妈妈上周做的。 考查一般过去时被动语态。made过去式/过去分词，主动语态；was making过去进行时，主动语态，强调过去某一时刻正在进行的动作；was made一般过去时的被动语态；makes第三人称单数形式，一般现在时，主动语态。根据“It ... by my mother last week.”可知，句子需用一般过去时被动语态，表示“裙子上周被制作”。 故选C。 14．He Jiang ________ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month. A．invites B．invited C．is invited D．was invited 【答案】D 【详解】句意：何江上个月被邀请在哈佛大学的毕业典礼上发表演讲。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“He Jiang ... to give a speech”可知，主语He Jiang和谓语动词invite之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合“last month”可知，要用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词要用was，invite的过去分词为invited。故选D。 15．Red lanterns ________ in stores to attract customers during the Spring Festival. A．hang B．hanged C．are hanged D．are hung 【答案】D 【详解】句意：春节期间，红灯笼被挂在商店里以吸引顾客。 考查被动语态。hang“悬挂”，其过去式和过去分词为hung；hang“绞死”，其过去式和过去分词为hanged。根据“Red lanterns...in stores to attract customers during the Spring Festival.”可知，这里是指挂红灯笼，“红灯笼”与“挂”之间是被动关系，其结构是“be + 过去分词”；又因为主语“Red lanterns”是复数，且句子描述的是春节期间经常发生的事情，时态为一般现在时，所以be动词用are，过去分词用hung。故选D。 二、完成句子 16．The sound of someone moving around woke me. (改为被动语态) I by the sound of someone moving around. 【答案】 was woken 【详解】句意：有人走动的声音把我吵醒了。根据原句中的woke可知，本题是一般过去时。改为被动语态时，原句中的宾语me变为主语，用主格形式I，be动词用was，wake的过去分词是woken。故填was；woken。 17．We should protect animals and plants to keep ecosystems functional. (句意不变) Animals and plants should to keep ecosystems functional. 【答案】 be protected 【详解】句意：我们应该保护动植物以维持生态系统的功能。原句主语是“We”，谓语是“protect”，宾语是“animals and plants”。改写后的句子主语变成“Animals and plants”，此时动植物是被保护的对象，要用被动语态。“should”是情态动词，情态动词的被动语态结构是“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”，“protect”的过去分词是“protected”。故填be；protected。 18．The scientists released the picture of a black hole to the world on April 10. (改为被动语态) The picture of a black hole to the world by the scientists on April 10. 【答案】 was released 【详解】句意：科学家们于4月10日向全世界公布了黑洞的照片。改为被动语态，原句时态为一般过去时，因此改为一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是was/were done；主语为单数，be动词用was；动词release的过去分词为released。故填was；released。 19．The strong wind knocked down several trees yesterday.（改为被动语态） Several trees down by the strong wind yesterday. 【答案】 were knocked 【详解】句意：昨天强风刮倒了几棵树。原句为一般过去时的主动语态，改为被动语态时需用被动语态的基本结构，即“be动词+过去分词”。主语“Several trees”是复数，一般过去时中be动词用were；主动语态中的谓语动词“knocked”的过去分词为knocked。故填were；knocked。 20．was, instead of, the city by a trick, captured, by fighting (连词成句) . 【答案】The city was captured by a trick instead of by fighting 【详解】根据所给词汇以及标点可知，此句是肯定句。the city“这座城市”，作主语；was captured“被占领”，作谓语；by a trick“用计谋”；instead of“而不是”；by fighting“通过战斗”。故填The city was captured by a trick instead of by fighting“这座城市不是通过战斗而是通过计谋被攻占的”。 21．We will build a new hospital near our neighbourhood soon. (改为被动语态) A new hospital will near our neighbourhood soon. 【答案】 be built 【详解】句意：我们很快将在小区附近建一座新医院。原句为一般将来时，被动语态结构为“will be+done”，“build”的过去分词为“built”。故填be；built。 22．Next year, people will add new records to the Guinness World Records. (改为被动语态) Next year, new records will to the Guinness World Records. 【答案】 be added 【详解】句意：明年，人们将为《吉尼斯世界纪录》增加新纪录。本句时态为一般将来时，其被动语态结构为“主语+will be+谓语动词的过去分词”，谓语动词add的过去分词为added。故填be；added。 23．We made some parts of the face bigger to make it look funnier when we drew a cartoon face. (改为被动语态) Some parts of the face bigger to make it look funnier when we drew a cartoon face. 【答案】 were made 【详解】句意：我们画卡通脸时放大了面部的某些部分，让它看起来更有趣。原句时态是一般过去时，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是：was/were+动词过去分词，被动句的主语“Some parts of the face”表示复数，所以应用be动词were，原句的谓语动词是过去式made，在被动句中应变成过去分词made。故填were；made。 24．Mrs. Green moved most of the flower pots into the house last night. (改为被动语态) Most of the flower pots into the house by Mrs. Green last night. 【答案】 were moved 【详解】句意：格林夫人昨晚把大部分花盆搬进了屋里。根据语境可知，此句用一般过去时；由题干可知，此处需要将主动语态改为一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”。原句谓语动词为moved，主语为“Most of the flower pots”，故应用“were moved”。故填were；moved。 25．He expected to be forgiven. (保持原句意思) He expected that he forgiven. 【答案】 would be 【详解】句意：他期望自己将被原谅。题目要求改为同义句，即“他期望自己将被原谅”；根据“He expected that...”可知，这是一个主从复合句，“that he...forgiven”是宾语从句，作“expected”的宾语；因为主句“He expected”是一般过去时，所以从句要用相应的过去时态，这里表示过去将来的动作，要用过去将来时“would+动词原形”，“被原谅”是被动语态结构“be+过去分词”，故填would；be。 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单项选择 1．I want the work ________ properly. I’m the only one who can do it right. A．do B．be done C．to be done D．to do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想把工作做好。我是唯一能做好的人。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。由句意可知“work”和“do”是被动关系，一般现在时被动语态结构为be done，空前“want”用法为want to do。故选C。 2．We ________ to speak loudly in the library. A．don’t allow B．aren’t allowed C．didn’t allow D．weren’t allowed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们不允许在图书馆里大声说话。 考查一般现在时态的被动语态。此空填谓语动词，主语是“We”我们，结合选项所给动词“allow”允许，以及空后没有人作宾语，可推测应使用被动语态，意思是“我们不被允许”，且描述的是事实，适用一般现在时态。故选B。 3．—The 2023 Space Day of China ________ on April 24 at Hefei Binhu International Convention and Exhibition Center. —How exciting! Our hometown is becoming stronger and stronger. A．is held B．was held C．will be held D．held 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——4月24日，2023中国太空节在合肥滨湖国际会展中心举行。 ——多么令人兴奋啊！我们的家乡正变得越来越强大。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据原文 “on April 24” 可知，太空节是在过去举办的，因此时态是一般过去时，且“The 2023 Space Day”和“hold”是被动关系，即太空节是被举办的，所以该句用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 4．—This song is moving, though I can’t understand the lyrics very well. —It’s a French song. It ________ to express the singer’s love for her mother. A．records B．recorded C．is recording D．was recorded 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这首歌很感人，虽然我听不太懂歌词。——它是法国歌曲，录制这首歌是为了表达这位歌手对母亲的爱。 考查被动语态。分析句子成分可知，主语It（the French song）与谓语动词record“记录”存在被动关系。即（过去）记录的这首歌曲被用来表达歌手对妈妈的爱，应该用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选D。 5．The opening ceremony（开幕式） of the 19th Asian Games ________ at the Hangzhou Olympic Sports Center Stadium in Hangzhou, East China’s Zhejiang Province on the evening of September23rd, 2023. A．holds B．held C．is held D．was held 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2023年9月23日晚，第19届亚运会开幕式在中国东部浙江省杭州市奥体中心体育场举行。 考查被动语态。主语与动词hold之间是被动关系，结合“on the evening of September23rd, 2023”可知，此句是一般过去时，此处用一般过去时被动语态was/were done的结构，故选D。 6．—Look! Am I OK in the dress? —I’m afraid you ________ when appearing in the ceremony. A．will show the gate B．will be shown the gate C．are shown the gate D．show the gate 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！我穿这条裙子行吗？——恐怕你出现在仪式上时将被赶出大门。 考查被动语态。show sb. the gate“让某人出去”，分析句子结构可知主语you和show the gate是之间是被动关系，“你”是被赶出去的，根据“I’m afraid...”可知句子是将来时态，用一般将来时的被动语态：will be done。故选B。 7．Our work ________ unless more effort is put into it . A．will finish B．will be finished C．will not be finished D．will not finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果不多加努力，我们的工作就不会完成。 考查时态。unless引导的条件状语从句，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时，主句的主语是Our work，谓语动词用被动语态，将来时被动语态的结构是will be done，这里表示“工作将不会被完成”，此处用否定句。故选C。 8．During the days after lockdown, more than 30, 000 medical workers from across the country ________ to Hubei province in 2020. A．was sent B．were sent C．have sent D．had sent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在封锁后的几天里，来自全国各地的3万多名医护人员被派往湖北省。 考查一般过去时被动语态。根据“in 2020”可知，时态用一般过去时，主语“more than 30, 000 medical workers”与动词send之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般过去时被动语态，故选B。 9．—I think it’s more and more important for us to protect our environment. —I agree with you. Air and water ________ seriously. A．is polluted B．are polluting C．polluted D．are being polluted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我认为保护环境对我们来说越来越重要。——我同意你的看法。空气和水正受到严重污染。 考查被动语态。分析句子，可知“Air and water”与动词pollute“污染”之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态（be+done）；结合语境，可知空处表示“正受到严重污染”，且主语是“Air and water”，因此be动词用复数are，时态应用现在进行时。故选D。 10．—All Chinese were excited to celebrate the Party’s birthday on July 1st, 2023. —Yes. It _______ over 100 years since our Party _______ in the last century. A．was, found B．was, founded C．is, was founded D．is, is founded 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——在2023年7月1日，所有中国人都为庆祝党的生日而激动不已。——是的。自从我们党在上世纪成立以来已经100多年了。 考查时态和被动语态。根据“It...over 100 years”可知，本句陈述的是现在的情况，时态为一般现在时，结合选项，第一空应填is；根据“last century”可知，第二空的时态是一般过去时，结合选项，主语our Party和动词found“建立”之间是被动关系，所以第二空应用 一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语our Party表示单数，be动词用was，found变成过去分词founded。对应句型为：It is+时间段+since从句。故选C。 11．The computer has made a big difference to people’s life since it ________ A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从计算机被发明以来，它对人们的生活产生了很大的影响。 考查被动语态。invents发明，动词三单形式，一般现在时；invented发明，过去式，一般过去时；is invented被发明，一般现在时的被动语态；was invented被发明，一般过去时的被动语态。结合“it”和“invent”构成被动关系。结合“The computer has made a big difference to people’s life since it...”可知，“since”表自从，时态要用一般过去时。所以该空要填一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 12．—How was the sports meeting yesterday, Emily? —Bad luck! It ________ because of the heavy rain. A．canceled B．will cancel C．was canceled D．will be canceled 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——埃米莉，昨天的运动会怎么样？——真倒霉！因为大雨，运动会被取消了。 考查动词时态及语态辨析。canceled动词过去式或过去分词；will cancel一般将来时主动语态；was canceled一般过去时被动语态；will be canceled一般将来时被动语态。结合题干可知，“运动会”和“取消”之间是被动关系，yesterday表明是过去发生的事，需用一般过去时的被动语态was canceled。故选C。 13．What a nice bridge! When ________ it ________? A．did build B．was built C．will build D．was building 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多美的桥啊！它是什么时候建的？ 考查被动语态。根据“What a nice bridge! When ... it”可知，it指代前文的bridge，与build之间是动宾关系，且询问的是过去的时间，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 14．—My father used to work by bus, but now he ________ driving his new energy car. —This new kind of car ________ in our city to reduce pollution in the future. A．is used to; used to B．used to; is used to C．is used to; will be used D．used to; was used 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我父亲过去常常乘公交车上班，但现在他习惯了驾驶他的新能源车。——这种新型汽车未来将在我们城市投入使用以减少污染。   考查短语辨析。used to do sth.过去常常做某事；be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事；will be used将被使用。根据第一空now的提示，说明现在习惯开车，用“is used to”；第二空“in the future”提示用将来时“will be used”。故选C。 15．Great progress ________ by the research team in fighting against cancer in the past few years. A．has made B．have been made C．have made D．has been made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，研究团队在抗击癌症方面已经取得巨大进步。 考查被动语态和现在完成时态。has made为现在完成时态的主动语态；have been made为现在完成时态的被动语态；have made为现在完成时态的主动语态；have been made为现在完成时态的被动语态。根据“Great progress...by the research team”可知，主语“Great progress”与谓语动词“make”之间为动宾关系，谓语动词用被动语态，排除AC选项，且“progress”为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，have的第三人称单数形式为has。故选D。 2 / 21 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $