专题01 现在完成时（期中复习讲义）九年级英语上学期牛津上海版

专题01 现在完成时（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1 现在完成时 单项选择 单词拼写 句型转换 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 1：现在完成时基本结构 句型 结构 肯定句 主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词 + 宾语 否定句 主语 + have/has+not + 动词的过去分词 + 宾语 一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词 + 宾语 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词或词组 + 一般疑问句（have/has + 主语 + 过去分词（V-ed）+ 其他） 2：过去分词变化规则 类型 变化规则 示例 规则动词 一般动词，在词尾直接加 “-ed” work→worked；visit→visited 以 “e” 结尾的动词，只在词尾加 “-d” live→lived 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i”，再加 “-ed” study→studied；cry→cried 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加 “-ed” stop→stopped；drop→dropped 不规则动词 需参看不规则动词表逐一熟记 cut→cut；hit→hit 3：现在完成时用法 用法 说明 示例 表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果 动作或状态发生在过去但影响现在还存在，强调现在 I have already posted the photo.（我已经把照片寄走了。强调照片不在这里） 表示发生在过去某一时刻、持续到现在的动作或状态 常与 for（+ 时间段）、since（+ 时间点或过去时的句子）连用，谓语动词必须是延续性动词 He has lived here since 1978.（自从 1978 年以来，他一直住在这儿） for 和 since 用法 for + 时间段 译为：…… 时间 since + 过去一个时间点 译为：自从…… 以来 since + 时间段 + ago - since + 从句（过去时） - It is + 时间段 + since + 从句（过去时） - 瞬间动词与延续性动词转换 瞬间动词与 for 或 since 引导的时间段连用时，要改变成延续性动词 come/arrive/reach/get to→be in；go out→be out；finish→be over；open→be open；die→be dead；buy→have；Fall ill→be ill；Come back→be back；Put on→be on/wear；Worry→be worried；Catch a cold→have a cold 4：现在完成时连用的时间状语 状语类型 示例 表示一段时间的状语 for + 时间段（如：We have lived in this city for more than 40 years.）；since + 时间点（如：We have lived in this city since 1958.） 笼统表示过去的时间状语 already、never、ever、just 等 表示包含过去和现在的一整段时间的状语 lately、recently、in the past few years、these few years、these days、up to now、so far 等 5：现在完成时与一般过去时区别 区别方面 现在完成时 一般过去时 侧重点 侧重于对现在的影响 侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间 示例 I have seen the film.（我看过这部电影。现在仍记得内容）；Mr Green has bought a new computer.（着重点是现在有了新电脑） I saw the film three days ago.（强调三天前看的）；Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday.（强调昨天买的） 时间状语 常与 already、yet、just、ever、never、before 等副词以及 “for + 段时间”、“since + 过去时间 / 从句” 等连用 常与 “时间段 + ago”、just now、yesterday、last week 等表示过去的时间状语连用 示例 She has lived here since two years ago.；He has been in the League for three years. She lived here two years ago.；Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—Would you like to see the film YOLO with us? —I’d love to! But I ________ it. A．see B．saw C．have seen D．will see 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想和我们一起看电影《热辣滚烫》吗？——我很乐意！但我已经看过了。 考查时态。根据“I’d love to! But I...it”可知转折词后表示自己已经看过这部电影了，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。 2．I have worked hard ________ then because I want to go to a good college in the future. A．and B．since C．for D．but 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从那以后我就一直努力学习，因为我将来想上一所好大学。 考查连词辨析。and和，表并列；since自从，表时间，常与现在完成时连用；for为了，表目的或原因；but但是，表转折。根据“I have worked hard…then”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，since then表示“从那以后”，符合现在完成时的时间状语要求，since在此处引导时间，说明努力学习的状态从那时持续到现在。故选B。 3．Mr. Li ________ English in our school for 15 years. A．teaches B．taught C．is teaching D．has taught 【答案】D 【详解】句意：李先生已经在我们学校教英语15年了。 考查现在完成时的用法。“for 15 years”是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，现在完成时的结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“Mr. Li”是第三人称单数，所以用“has taught”。故选D。 4．The film Dead to rights (《南京照相馆》) based on true historical events, _________ many people since its release (上映). A．moved B．have moving C．has moved D．is moved 【答案】C 【详解】句意：根据真实历史事件改编的电影《南京照相馆》自上映以来，深深打动了众多观众。 考查动词时态。根据“since its release”可知，此处应用现在完成时has/have done的结构，故选C。 5．—Mum, may I go to the snow globe collection’s club now? —______ you ______ your homework yet? A．Do, finish B．Are, finishing C．Did, finish D．Have, finished 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我现在可以去雪景球收藏俱乐部吗？——你做完作业了吗？ 考查现在完成时。“yet”常用于完成时态疑问句，强调动作是否已完成。选项D中的“Have”是现在完成时的助动词，符合语境。故选D。 6．—________ you ever ________ to the new science museum? —Not yet. A．Have; been B．Have; gone C．Did; go D．Are; going 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过新的科学博物馆吗？——还没有。 考查现在完成时。根据“Not yet.”可知，问句应用现在完成时，问是否曾经去过（已经回来），所以用have been to。故选A。 7．His family ________ in this town since 1990. A．live B．lived C．have lived D．will live 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的家人自1990年以来一直住在这个小镇。   考查动词时态辨析。live为一般现在时；lived为一般过去时；have lived为现在完成时；will live为一般将来时。根据时间状语“since 1990”可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应使用现在完成时。故选C。 8．—Where is Dad, Mum? —He ________ to the factory. A．has been B．went C．goes D．has gone 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，爸爸在哪儿？——他去工厂了。 考查现在完成时。根据“Where is Dad, Mum?”和“He...to the factory”可知，爸爸已经去了工厂，不在这里，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。has been to去过（已回来了）；has gone to已经去了（现在还没回来）。根据题干语境可知，爸爸还没有回来，应用has gone。故选D。 9．—________ you ________ your science project yet? —Yes, I ________ it two weeks ago. A．Did; do; finished B．Have; done; have finished C．Have; done; finished D．Will; do; finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你已经完成你的科学项目了吗？——是的，我两周前完成的。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据“yet”以及句意可知，第一空所在句子是询问是否完成项目，应用现在完成时have done的结构，排除A和D选项。第二空根据时间状语“two weeks ago”可知，句子应用一般过去时，排除B选项。故选C。 10．My brother ________ to Shanghai twice. He will go there again next month. A．goes B．went C．has gone D．has been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我哥哥去过上海两次。他下个月会再去那里。   考查动词时态。根据“twice”可知，此句是现在完成时。has gone to去了（未回），has been to去过（已回）。根据“He will go there again next month.”可知，哥哥去过上海，已经回来了。故选D。 11．The old man ________ in this neighborhood since he moved to our city in 2010. A．lives B．has lived C．lived D．will live 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从这位老人2010年搬到我们城市以来，他就一直住在这个社区。 考查动词时态。lives居住，一般现在时；has lived居住，现在完成时；lived居住，一般过去时；will live居住，一般将来时。根据句中“since he moved to our city in 2010”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语The old man是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，live的过去分词是lived。故选B。 12．It is said that David ________ Kung Fu from an elderly Chinese man for several months. A．is learning B．will learn C．has learned D．had learned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：据说大卫跟一位中国老先生学功夫已经好几个月了。 考查动词时态辨析。is learning现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作；will learn一般将来时，表示将要发生的动作；has learned现在完成时，表示过去发生并与现在有联系的动作或持续到现在的状态；had learned过去完成时，表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成的动作。句中“for several months”（好几个月）是一个表示一段时间的状语，它常与现在完成时连用，强调动作从过去持续到现在，可能刚刚结束或仍在继续，因此应用现在完成时。故选C。 13．—Look! Jack ________ 250 soft toys in total so far. —Wow. Now I know how much he loves them. A．will collect B．was collecting C．has collected D．is collecting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看！到目前为止Jack已经收集了总共250个毛绒玩具。——哇。现在我知道他有多喜欢它们了。 考查时态。根据时间状语“so far”可知，表示过去发生且持续到现在的动作，“总共收集了 250 个毛绒玩具”，对应后文“知道他多喜欢”的语境，用现在完成时“has collected”。故选C。 14．My sister ________ the Youth League last year. She ________ a Youth League member for about a year now. A．joined; has become B．joined; has been C．has joined; has been D．did join; had been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我姐姐去年加入了青年团。现在她已经成为一名团员大约一年了。 考查动词时态。 根据“last year”可知，第一句是一般过去时，动词用过去式joined，排除CD选项；根据“for about a year”可知，第二句是现在完成时，和一段时间连用，谓语动词应该用延续性动词，become是瞬间动词，不能接持续时间段，因此排除A选项。故选B。 15．She left university ten years ago and ________ as a teacher since then. A．works B．worked C．has worked D．had worked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她十年前离开大学，从那以后一直当老师。 考查动词时态。works动词第三人称单数；worked过去式或过去分词；has worked现在完成时；had worked过去完成时。根据“since then”以及选项可知，应用现在完成时。故选C。 二、单词拼写 16．Scientists (develop) many new technologies to solve energy problems in recent years. 【答案】have developed 【详解】句意：近年来，科学家们已经开发出许多新技术来解决能源问题。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，应用现在完成时，主语Scientists为复数，故填have developed。 17．My brother has (read) this novel three times because he likes it very much. 【答案】read 【详解】句意：我哥哥已经把这本小说读了三遍，因为他非常喜欢它。根据空前“has”及“three times”可知，句子用的是现在完成时，结构是“have/has + 过去分词”，空处应用过去分词read，故填read。 18．Many things have our environment, such as waste water from factories, plastic bags and so on.(pollution) 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：许多东西污染了我们的环境，如工厂废水、塑料袋等。pollution污染，名词，根据空格前助动词“have” 可知时态为现在完成时态，填动词pollute的过去分词形式，故填polluted。 19．How many English words have you so far? (memory) 【答案】memorized 【详解】句意：到目前为止你记了多少英语单词？句中有so far，所以句子应该用现在完成时，have后面缺动词过去分词，结合所给单词可知此处缺动词memorize，过去分词memorized ，故填memorized 。 20．I put my wallet on the table and it has .（appear） 【答案】disappeared 【详解】句意：我把钱包放在桌子上，它不见了。根据空前面的“has”可知，空处应填动词的过去分词构成现在完成时has done；又根据“I put my wallet on the table”可知，此处指钱包消失了，“appear”“出现”应改为“disappear”“消失”，其过去分词是“disappeared”。故填disappeared。 21．Many tall buildings on the banks of the river since 2000. (build) 【答案】have been built 【详解】句意：从2000年起，在河岸边有许多高的建筑被建起。根据主语“many tall buildings”以及谓语“build”可知，空处用被动语态，且根据since 2000可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词应用have，故填have been built。 22．AI technology has developed so fast . (recent) 【答案】recently 【详解】句意：AI技术最近发展得很快。从题干可知句子时态为现在完成时，应用recent的副词形式recently，表示“最近”。故填recently。 23．Julia has the company for 20 years, so she knows everyone there well. (service) 【答案】served 【详解】句意：朱莉娅在这家公司工作了20年，所以她对那里的每个人都很了解。此处在句中作谓语，用备选词的动词形式serve，时态是现在完成时，动词用过去分词形式。故填served。 24．Human beings have in putting astronauts on the moon.(success) 【答案】succeeded 【详解】句意：人类成功地将宇航员送上了月球。结合空前的“have”可知，此处是现在完成时的结构，空处应用过去分词形式，success“成功”，是名词，其动词是succeed，故填succeeded。 25．The new technology has doctors to diagnose diseases more accurately. (able) 【答案】enabled 【详解】句意：这项新技术使医生能够更准确地诊断疾病。根据“The new technology has...doctors to diagnose diseases more accurately.”可知，新技术使医生能够更准确地诊断疾病，空处应用able的动词形式enable“使能够”，空格前有助动词has，空格处用过去分词，enable的过去分词是enabled。故填enabled。 26．Columbus is said to have America in 1492.(discovery) 【答案】discovered 【详解】句意：据说哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。根据句意理解可知，此处是现在完成时，其结构是have done的形式，discover“发现”，是动词，过去分词是discovered。故填discovered。 27．A new plan to attract people’s attention to garbage sorting and recycling. (make) 【答案】was made/has been made 【详解】句意：（已经）制定了一个新的计划来吸引人们对垃圾分类和回收的关注。主语“a new plan”与谓语“make”之间为被动语态结构be done，在此句中可以表示“过去制定了计划”，用一般过去时，或者表示“已经制定了计划”，用现在完成时have/has been done；根据主语a new plan可知，应填was made或者has been made。故填was made/has been made。 提升题（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—Nick, you come here so late. The concert ________ since half an hour ago! —What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left. A．has ended B．has been over C．has started D．has been on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——尼克，你来得太晚了。音乐会已经结束半小时了！——太遗憾了！难怪所有歌手都离开了。 考查现在完成时及动词延续性辨析。根据“since half an hour ago”及“No wonder all the singers have left”可知，歌手都离开了，音乐会已经结束了，应选用延续性状态表达“结束”。“has been over”中，over为形容词，“be over”表示状态延续，可与时间段连用，故选B。 2．—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．have begun D．began 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——很抱歉我迟到了。——没关系。电影才开始5分钟。 考查现在完成时及非延续性动词。结合句意和语境，“begin”是短暂性动词，不能与“for+时间段（for only 5 minutes）”连用，需用对应的延续性动词短语“be on”。主语“the movie”是单数，现在完成时结构为“has+过去分词”，“be”的过去分词是“been”，所以用“has been on”。故选B。 3．—May I speak to Ann? —Sorry, she isn’t in. She ________ France. A．has gone to B．has been to C．was going to D．goes to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——请让Ann接电话好吗? ——对不起，她不在。她去法国了。 考查动词时态。has gone to去了没回来；has been to去了已经回来；was going to过去将来时；goes to一般现在时。根据“Sorry, she isn’t in.”可知，所找的人现在不在，去了法国还没回来，用现在完成时“has gone to+地点”。故选A。 4．Many international students ________ to visit our school since last year. A．are coming B．have come C．came D．will come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自去年以来，许多国际学生来参观我们学校。 考查动词时态。根据“since last year”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has done。故选B。 5．—Have you two ________ each other before, Ken? —Of course. Tim and I ________ friends since 4 years ago. A．meet; become B．met; become C．meet; have been D．met; have been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Ken，你们俩以前见过吗？ ——当然，我和Tim从四年前就是朋友了。 考查现在完成时。meet原形；met过去式或过去分词；become”为瞬间动词，不能接“since”；have been表示持续状态。根据“Have you two...each other before”可知第一空是现在完成时，需用过去分词“met”；根据“since 4 years ago”可知第二空强调持续状态，需用现在完成时“have been”。故选D。 6．—Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there. —No, it can’t be her. She _______ to Beijing. A．went B．has gone C．will go D．has been 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看！你的老师怀特小姐在那边。——不，不可能是她。她去北京了。 考查时态。 went去，是一般过去时；has gone to表示去了还没有回来，是现在完成时；will go去，是一般将来时；has been to表示去过回来了，是现在完成时。根据“No, it can’t be her. ”可知，她现在不可能在那边，因此表示她去了北京还没有回来，因此用has gone to。故选B。 7．The number of students in our class ________ fifty. And a number of them ________ to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom at least twice. A．is, has been B．are, has gone C．is, have been D．are, have gone 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们班的学生人数是50人。而且他们中的一些人已经去过长隆海洋王国至少两次。 考查主谓一致和现在完成时。根据分析句子可知，the number of“…的数量”，修饰名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以第一空应该填入be动词is；a number of“大量的”，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数，又根据句意可知，此处考查：have been to“已经去过”，现在完成时，结合空格后“to”，第二空应该填入have been。故选C。 8．—When did Mary ________ Tom? —They have ________ for nearly 10 years. A．married; been married B．get married; got married C．marry; been married D．get married with; got married 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Mary什么时候和Tom结婚的？——他们已经结婚将近10年了。 考查动词和动词短语。marry sb.和某人结婚；get married结婚，短暂性动词，接宾语时需加to，不能与一段时间连用；be married已婚，延续性动词；get married with为错误表达。第一空，结合“When did Mary ... Tom”和选项可知，此处表示Mary和Tom结婚，助动词did后用动词原形，要用marry；第二空，根据“for nearly 10 years”可知，这是一段时间，时态要用现在完成时，需用延续性动词be married，其现在完成时结构为have been married。故选C。 9．—How long have you owned this soft toy? —I _______ it since I was six years old. A．have bought B．have had C．have borrowed D．have lent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你拥有这个毛绒玩具多久了？——自从我六岁起我就拥有它了。 考查延续性动词和非延续性动词。have bought已经买了，非延续性动词；have had已经拥有，延续性动词；have borrowed已经借入，非延续性动词；have lent已经借出，非延续性动词。根据“How long have you owned this soft toy?”和“since I was six years old”可知，此处需要表示“持续拥有”的动词，buy, borrow和lend是非延续性动词，不能与“since+时间点”连用，故选B。 10．I ________ some good friends since I came to this school. A．has made B．have made C．make D．made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从我来到这所学校以来，我交了一些好朋友。 考查时态。根据“since I came to this school”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done，主语是I，助动词用have。故选B。 11．We ________ to Beijing three times in the past five years, and we plan to go again next year. A．travel B．traveled C．have traveled D．are traveling 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去的五年里，我们已经去过北京三次了，并且我们计划明年再去。 考查时态。根据时间状语“in the past five years”表示过去发生且持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时“have traveled”。故选C。 12．—Has he returned the book to the library? —No. He has ______ it for one week. A．borrowed B．lent C．kept D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——他把书还给图书馆了吗？——不，他已经保存了一个星期。 考查动词辨析。borrowed借入，短暂性动词；lent借出，短暂性动词；kept保留，延续性动词；bought购买，短暂性动词。根据“He has ... it for one week.”可知，此句为现在完成时，应该用延续性动词kept，表示将书保留一个星期。故选C。 13．I ________ this book for two weeks. I have to return it to the library today. A．have borrowed B．borrowed C．have kept D．kept 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我借这本书已经两周了，今天必须把它还给图书馆。   考查动词时态辨析。根据时间状语“for two weeks”和语境“必须今天归还”，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时。borrow是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，需用延续性动词keep表示持续持有。故选C。 14．—When did the teachers come to China? —They ________ China for seven years. A．have come to B．have been to C．have come in D．have been in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——老师们什么时候来中国的？——他们已经在中国七年了。 考查现在完成时。have come to中come是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用；have been to表示去过某地，已经回来，强调经历，不能与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用；have come in中come是短暂性动词，in在这里使用错误，且不能与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用；have been in表示在某地待了多长时间，可以与表示一段时间的“for seven years”连用。故选D。 15．—Where is Mr. Wang? —He together with his students ________ Zhuyuwan Park. A．has gone to B．have gone to C．has been to D．have been to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——王先生在哪里？ ——他和他的学生们一起去了茱萸湾公园 (还没回来)。 考查主谓一致和have gone to用法。have gone to去了某地 (尚未回来)；have been to去过某地 (已回来)。根据空格前“He together with his students”可知，句子主语是“He”，“together with his students”是伴随状语，不影响主语的单复数。根据“主谓一致”规则，谓语动词需与主语“He”保持一致，助动词应用has，排除B和D；结合问句“Where is Mr. Wang?”，说明王老师不在现场，即去了茱萸湾公园，还没有返回到说话地，应用“has gone to”，排除C。故选A。 二、完成句子 16．Wangxingxing has designed several types of robots since he created the company Unitree Robotics. (对划线部分提问) has Wangxingxing designed several types of robots? 【答案】 How long 【详解】句意： 王兴兴自从创立了宇树科技公司以来，已经设计了好几种类型的机器人。划线部分为“自从创立了宇树科技公司”，表示时间起点到现在历时多久，是对现在完成时的时间状语提问，用How long。故填How；long。 17．Lucas has collected many British stamps from his relatives. （改为一般疑问句） Lucas many British stamps from his relatives? 【答案】 Has collected 【详解】句意：卢卡斯从亲戚那里收集了许多英国邮票。原句为现在完成时，在现在完成时中要将句子改成一般疑问句时，需要把has提到句首，首字母大写， 其余部分不变。故填Has；collected。 18．They have already got tickets for the talent show.（改为否定句） They got tickets for the talent show . 【答案】 haven’t yet 【详解】句意：他们已经买到选秀节目的票了。原句是现在完成时的肯定句，改为否定句只需在助动词have后加not，缩写为haven’t；already在否定句中要改为yet，意为“还没”，放句末。故填haven’t；yet。 19．Have you ever been to the Yu Garden? （根据句意回答） No, I have to Yu Garden. 【答案】 never been 【详解】句意：你去过豫园吗？没有，我从来没有去过豫园。根据“No”，可知此处表示没有去过豫园，never“从来没有”，否定副词，往往用在助动词之后实义动词之前，have never been to从来没有去过，故填never ；been。 20．Has his father come back from Canada? Could you please tell me?（合并成一句） Could you please tell me his father come back from Canada? 【答案】 whether/if has 【详解】句意：他的父亲从加拿大回来了吗？你能告诉我吗？根据题干要求以及动词“tell”可知，本题可以改为whether/if“是否”引导的宾语从句；又根据“Has his father come back from Canada?”可知，从句是现在完成时，从句主语“his father”是第三人称单数，助动词是has。故填whether/if；has。 21．Jenny’s already been aware of the challenge she faces.（改为一般疑问句） Jenny been aware of the challenge she faces ? 【答案】 Has yet 【详解】句意：珍妮已经意识到她面临的挑战。根据“Jenny’s already been”可知句子是现在完成时，变疑问句时把助动词has放句首，且疑问句中把already改为yet，放句尾。故填Has；yet。 22．My aunt has planned to visit Shanghai Museum with me this summer. (对划线部分提问) your aunt planned to visit with you this summer? 【答案】 What has 【详解】句意：我姑姑计划今年夏天和我一起参观上海博物馆。由于“Shanghai Museum”是一个地点名词，对其进行提问，使用疑问词what，并置于句首。同时，原句为现在完成时“has planned”，因此，还用has。故填What；has 23．his, Bill, abroad, mind, to, further, hasn’t, his, changed, study (连词成句) . 【答案】Bill hasn’t changed his mind to further his study abroad 【详解】根据所给标点可知，应用陈述句的形式，Bill作主语；hasn’t changed作谓语；his mind作宾语；to further his study abroad作定语修饰名词mind。故填Bill hasn’t changed his mind to further his study abroad“比尔没有改变去国外深造的想法”。 24．He went to Hamburg in 1996 and he still lives there now.（保持句意基本不变） He lived in Hamburg 1996. 【答案】 has since 【详解】句意：他1996年去了汉堡，现在仍住在那里。换句话说就是“他自1996年以来一直住在汉堡。”此句应用现在完成时，主语是he，助动词用has；since“自从”。故填has；since。 25．to visit, John, yet, Mary’s new house, when, hasn’t decided (连词成句) . 【答案】John hasn’t decided when to visit Mary’s new house yet 【详解】根据单词和标点提示可知，句子为否定句，且时态为现在完成时；John作句子的主语；hasn’t decided“还没有决定”；when to visit Mary’s new house“何时去参观玛丽的新家”，为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，作动词“decided”的宾语；yet“尚未”，副词，作状语。故填John hasn’t decided when to visit Mary’s new house yet“约翰尚未决定何时去参观玛丽的新家”。 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．—Where is Mrs Wang? —She together with her students _______ the school hall for the meeting. A．has gone to B．have gone to C．has been to D．have been to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——王老师在哪里？——她和她的学生一起去学校礼堂开会了。 考查现在完成时和主谓一致。has/have gone to表示去了还未回；has/have been to表示去过已经回来了。根据“She together with her students...the school hall for the meeting.”可知，现在还在学校礼堂开会，未回，排除C和D；together with连接并列主语需要满足“就前原则”，She是第三人称单数，所以用has gone to。故选A。 2．—_____ Tom with his sister _______ the Leaning Tower of Pisa? —Yes, only once. A．Has; been to B．Have; been in C．Has; gone to D．Have; been to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tom和他妹妹去过比萨斜塔吗？——去过，只有一次。 考查现在完成时和主谓一致用法。have been to表示去了某地已经回来；have gone to表示去了某地还没回来；have been in表示在某地一直待着。根据“Yes, only once.”可知，此处表示去过比萨斜塔，已经回来了，且主语是with连接的主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于with前面的名词，Tom是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，即此处用has been to。故选A。 3．—Great changes ________ in Wuhan in the last few years. —Yes, everything has changed a lot. A．take place B．have taken place C．were taken place D．have been taken place 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在过去的几年里，武汉发生了巨大的变化。——是的，一切都改变了很多。 考查动词时态。根据“in the last few years”可知，时态为现在完成时，即have/has+过去分词，排除A、C项；再由take place“发生”无被动形式，排除D项。故选B。 4．―What’s wrong with your computer? ―It ________ and requires ________. A．is broken down, to fix B．has broken down, fixing C．is broken down, to be fixed D．has broken down, to fix 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的电脑怎么了？——它已经坏了，需要修理。 考查时态和动名词。is broken down被分解，被动语态；to fix去修理，动词不定式；has broken down已经坏了，现在完成时；fixing修理，动名词。根据“What’s wrong with your computer”和“requires...”可知，这里是指电脑已经坏了，所以第一空要用现在完成时，所以第一空要填“has broken down”；结合主语“It”和“fix”之间构成被动关系，而“require doing需要被……”表示主动表被动，所以第二空要填一个动名词“fixing”。故选B。 5．—Mike ________ a lot. He used to be a troublemaker, but now he is serious. —People sure change! I’m sure he’ll grow into a fine young man. A．changed B．will change C．is changed D．has changed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——迈克改变了很多。他过去是个捣蛋鬼，但现在他很认真。——人确实会变！我确信他会长成一个好小伙子。 考查动词时态。根据“He used to be a troublemaker, but now he is serious.”可知，此处表达的是迈克现在与过去相比已经改变了很多，强调对现在造成的影响或结果，应用现在完成时。故选D。 6．Tom, with his parents ________ to America. They ________ back in two weeks. A．have gone; will come B．has gone; will come C．has been; will come D．have been; will come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Tom和他的父母已经去了美国。他们两个星期后会回来。 考查时态。with是介词，作伴随状语，主语是Tom，本句采用现在完成时，谓语要用第三人称单数形式，故排除A项、D项。has gone to表示“去了某地，尚未回来”；has been to表示“去过某地，已经回来了”。根据后面的“back in two weeks”可知，本句讲述未来的事情，用will come表示“将回来”，即尚未回来，前一句应填has gone。故选B。 7．Look! Mary ________ a nice dog. She ________ it just now. A．has drawn, drew B．drew, has drawn C．is drawing, drew D．is drawing, has drawn 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看！玛丽画了一只漂亮的狗。她刚才画的。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据“just now”可知，此句描述的是玛丽刚才完成的动作，因此第二空应使用一般过去时“drew”；根据“She... it just now.”可知，玛丽画画的动作发生在过去，即现在已经画好了，因此第一空用现在完成时。故选A。 8．The baby is lying there with his eyes wide open. How long ______ he ______? A．did, wake up B．has, been awake C．has, been up D．has, been waking up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：婴儿躺在那里，眼睛睁得大大的。他醒了多久了？ 考查动词时态和延续性动词。wake up醒来，非延续性动词；be awake醒来，表状态；be up通常指“起床”，不强调“醒着的状态”。“How long”是询问“婴儿已经醒了多久”，需用现在完成时“has+过去分词”表示从过去持续到现在的状态，因此用“has been awake”表示婴儿从过去到现在持续醒着的状态。故选B。 9．Everyone except Tom and John ________ seen the film. A．is B．are C．has D．have 【答案】C 【详解】句意：除了Tom和John每个人都看过这部电影。 考查现在完成时和主谓一致。根据seen可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has done，分析句子结构可知，主语为everyone，因此谓语要用单数形式has。故选C。 10．—Must I return the book this week? I borrowed it one week ago. —No, you ________. You can ________ it for another week. A．needn’t; keep B．don’t have to; borrow C．mustn’t; keep D．mustn’t; lend 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我必须这周还书吗？我一周前借的。——不，你不必。你可以再借一个星期。 考查情态动词及延续性动词的用法。mustn’t禁止；don’t have to不必；needn’t不必。keep保持，是延续性动词；borrow借入，是短暂性动词；lend借出，是短暂性动词。第一空，以must开头的一般疑问句的否定性回答要用needn’t或don’t have to，排除C项和D项。第二空，“for+一段时间”要与延续性动词一起连用，排除B项。故选A。 11．— Where is my suitcase? — Someone ________ it beside the table. A．puts B．will put C．has put D．would put 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我的行李箱在哪里？ ——有人把它放在桌子旁边了。 考查动词时态辨析。puts一般现在时；will put一般将来时；has put现在完成时；would put过去将来时。结合语境可知，这里表示已经有人把箱子放好了。需用现在完成时描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。故选C。 12．—Hi, Liam, you love travelling. Could you tell me________? —Yes, Anna. Don’t you remember I bought a key ring of the Eiffel Tower there for you last summer? A．if you have gone to Paris B．when did you go to Paris C．if you have been to Paris D．when have you been to Paris 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，利亚姆，你喜欢旅行。你能告诉我你是否去过巴黎吗？——能，安娜。你不记得去年夏天我在那儿给你买了一个埃菲尔铁塔钥匙扣吗？ 考查宾语从句。have gone to去了某地（人还没回来）；have been to去过某地（人已经回来）。分析题干，空格处需填宾语从句，要用陈述句语序，排除BD选项；根据“Don’t you remember I bought a key ring of the Eiffel Tower there for you last summer?”可知，利亚姆去过巴黎并带回了礼物。故选C。 13．— Can I borrow your dictionary? — Sorry, it ________ to Lily. A．lent B．has lent C．has been lent D．is lent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我能借你的字典吗？——抱歉，它已经被借给莉莉了。 考查动词时态及语态。主语it指代dictionary，与动词lend之间是动宾关系，需用被动语态，故排除A和B；Sorry表示“抱歉”，即字典已经借给别人，不能再借，即表示过去的动作对现在的影响，需用现在完成时，即此处用现在完成时的被动语态（have/has been done）。故选C。 14．—You look down, Roy. What’s up? —Yeah. I ________ mistakes in my report. A．will make B．was making C．make D．have made 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——罗伊，你看起来情绪低落。怎么了？——是啊。我在报告里出了错误。 考查动词时态辨析。will make一般将来时；was making过去进行时；make动词原形；have made现在完成时。根据“You look down,”可知，情绪低落是因为已经发生的事情造成的影响，需用现在完成时表示。故选D。 15．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in, is leaving B．has gone to, left C．has been to, has left D．went to, left 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你好，露西在家吗？——不在，她去图书馆了。她刚刚给你留了条消息。 考查动词时态及短语辨析。has gone to去了某地（尚未回来）；has been to去过某地（已返回）；has been in持续待在某地；went to为一般过去时。根据“Hello. Is Lucy at home?”及“No,”可知，第一空表示“去了某地（未回来）”，用has gone to；第二空根据“just now”可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，其构成为主语+动词过去式。故选B。 2 / 19 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 现在完成时（期中复习讲义） 单元 语法点 常考题型 命题趋势 Unit 1 现在完成时 单项选择 单词拼写 句型转换 1.注重素养：更加注重对学生英语核心素养的考查。 2.情境化突出：借助生活、学校、社会等多种情境，将语法考察与实际生活相结合。 3.文化传承与价值导向明显：注重选取具有文化内涵和思想价值的语篇。 1：现在完成时基本结构 句型 结构 肯定句 主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词 + 宾语 否定句 主语 + have/has+not + 动词的过去分词 + 宾语 一般疑问句 Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词 + 宾语 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词或词组 + 一般疑问句（have/has + 主语 + 过去分词（V-ed）+ 其他） 2：过去分词变化规则 类型 变化规则 示例 规则动词 一般动词，在词尾直接加 “-ed” work→worked；visit→visited 以 “e” 结尾的动词，只在词尾加 “-d” live→lived 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i”，再加 “-ed” study→studied；cry→cried 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加 “-ed” stop→stopped；drop→dropped 不规则动词 需参看不规则动词表逐一熟记 cut→cut；hit→hit 3：现在完成时用法 用法 说明 示例 表示过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果 动作或状态发生在过去但影响现在还存在，强调现在 I have already posted the photo.（我已经把照片寄走了。强调照片不在这里） 表示发生在过去某一时刻、持续到现在的动作或状态 常与 for（+ 时间段）、since（+ 时间点或过去时的句子）连用，谓语动词必须是延续性动词 He has lived here since 1978.（自从 1978 年以来，他一直住在这儿） for 和 since 用法 for + 时间段 译为：…… 时间 since + 过去一个时间点 译为：自从…… 以来 since + 时间段 + ago - since + 从句（过去时） - It is + 时间段 + since + 从句（过去时） - 瞬间动词与延续性动词转换 瞬间动词与 for 或 since 引导的时间段连用时，要改变成延续性动词 come/arrive/reach/get to→be in；go out→be out；finish→be over；open→be open；die→be dead；buy→have；Fall ill→be ill；Come back→be back；Put on→be on/wear；Worry→be worried；Catch a cold→have a cold 4：现在完成时连用的时间状语 状语类型 示例 表示一段时间的状语 for + 时间段（如：We have lived in this city for more than 40 years.）；since + 时间点（如：We have lived in this city since 1958.） 笼统表示过去的时间状语 already、never、ever、just 等 表示包含过去和现在的一整段时间的状语 lately、recently、in the past few years、these few years、these days、up to now、so far 等 5：现在完成时与一般过去时区别 区别方面 现在完成时 一般过去时 侧重点 侧重于对现在的影响 侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间 示例 I have seen the film.（我看过这部电影。现在仍记得内容）；Mr Green has bought a new computer.（着重点是现在有了新电脑） I saw the film three days ago.（强调三天前看的）；Mr Green bought a new computer yesterday.（强调昨天买的） 时间状语 常与 already、yet、just、ever、never、before 等副词以及 “for + 段时间”、“since + 过去时间 / 从句” 等连用 常与 “时间段 + ago”、just now、yesterday、last week 等表示过去的时间状语连用 示例 She has lived here since two years ago.；He has been in the League for three years. She lived here two years ago.；Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 基础题（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—Would you like to see the film YOLO with us? —I’d love to! But I ________ it. A．see B．saw C．have seen D．will see 2．I have worked hard ________ then because I want to go to a good college in the future. A．and B．since C．for D．but 3．Mr. Li ________ English in our school for 15 years. A．teaches B．taught C．is teaching D．has taught 4．The film Dead to rights (《南京照相馆》) based on true historical events, _________ many people since its release (上映). A．moved B．have moving C．has moved D．is moved 5．—Mum, may I go to the snow globe collection’s club now? —______ you ______ your homework yet? A．Do, finish B．Are, finishing C．Did, finish D．Have, finished 6．—________ you ever ________ to the new science museum? —Not yet. A．Have; been B．Have; gone C．Did; go D．Are; going 7．His family ________ in this town since 1990. A．live B．lived C．have lived D．will live 8．—Where is Dad, Mum? —He ________ to the factory. A．has been B．went C．goes D．has gone 9．—________ you ________ your science project yet? —Yes, I ________ it two weeks ago. A．Did; do; finished B．Have; done; have finished C．Have; done; finished D．Will; do; finish 10．My brother ________ to Shanghai twice. He will go there again next month. A．goes B．went C．has gone D．has been 11．The old man ________ in this neighborhood since he moved to our city in 2010. A．lives B．has lived C．lived D．will live 12．It is said that David ________ Kung Fu from an elderly Chinese man for several months. A．is learning B．will learn C．has learned D．had learned 13．—Look! Jack ________ 250 soft toys in total so far. —Wow. Now I know how much he loves them. A．will collect B．was collecting C．has collected D．is collecting 14．My sister ________ the Youth League last year. She ________ a Youth League member for about a year now. A．joined; has become B．joined; has been C．has joined; has been D．did join; had been 15．She left university ten years ago and ________ as a teacher since then. A．works B．worked C．has worked D．had worked 二、单词拼写 16．Scientists (develop) many new technologies to solve energy problems in recent years. 17．My brother has (read) this novel three times because he likes it very much. 18．Many things have our environment, such as waste water from factories, plastic bags and so on.(pollution) 19．How many English words have you so far? (memory) 20．I put my wallet on the table and it has .（appear） 21．Many tall buildings on the banks of the river since 2000. (build) 22．AI technology has developed so fast . (recent) 23．Julia has the company for 20 years, so she knows everyone there well. (service) 24．Human beings have in putting astronauts on the moon.(success) 25．The new technology has doctors to diagnose diseases more accurately. (able) 26．Columbus is said to have America in 1492.(discovery) 27．A new plan to attract people’s attention to garbage sorting and recycling. (make) 提升题（测试时间：15分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—Nick, you come here so late. The concert ________ since half an hour ago! —What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left. A．has ended B．has been over C．has started D．has been on 2．—I’m sorry for being late. —Never mind. The movie ________ for only 5 minutes. A．has begun B．has been on C．have begun D．began 3．—May I speak to Ann? —Sorry, she isn’t in. She ________ France. A．has gone to B．has been to C．was going to D．goes to 4．Many international students ________ to visit our school since last year. A．are coming B．have come C．came D．will come 5．—Have you two ________ each other before, Ken? —Of course. Tim and I ________ friends since 4 years ago. A．meet; become B．met; become C．meet; have been D．met; have been 6．—Look! Your teacher Miss White is over there. —No, it can’t be her. She _______ to Beijing. A．went B．has gone C．will go D．has been 7．The number of students in our class ________ fifty. And a number of them ________ to Chimelong Ocean Kingdom at least twice. A．is, has been B．are, has gone C．is, have been D．are, have gone 8．—When did Mary ________ Tom? —They have ________ for nearly 10 years. A．married; been married B．get married; got married C．marry; been married D．get married with; got married 9．—How long have you owned this soft toy? —I _______ it since I was six years old. A．have bought B．have had C．have borrowed D．have lent 10．I ________ some good friends since I came to this school. A．has made B．have made C．make D．made 11．We ________ to Beijing three times in the past five years, and we plan to go again next year. A．travel B．traveled C．have traveled D．are traveling 12．—Has he returned the book to the library? —No. He has ______ it for one week. A．borrowed B．lent C．kept D．bought 13．I ________ this book for two weeks. I have to return it to the library today. A．have borrowed B．borrowed C．have kept D．kept 14．—When did the teachers come to China? —They ________ China for seven years. A．have come to B．have been to C．have come in D．have been in 15．—Where is Mr. Wang? —He together with his students ________ Zhuyuwan Park. A．has gone to B．have gone to C．has been to D．have been to 二、完成句子 16．Wangxingxing has designed several types of robots since he created the company Unitree Robotics. (对划线部分提问) has Wangxingxing designed several types of robots? 17．Lucas has collected many British stamps from his relatives. （改为一般疑问句） Lucas many British stamps from his relatives? 18．They have already got tickets for the talent show.（改为否定句） They got tickets for the talent show . 19．Have you ever been to the Yu Garden? （根据句意回答） No, I have to Yu Garden. 20．Has his father come back from Canada? Could you please tell me?（合并成一句） Could you please tell me his father come back from Canada? 21．Jenny’s already been aware of the challenge she faces.（改为一般疑问句） Jenny been aware of the challenge she faces ? 22．My aunt has planned to visit Shanghai Museum with me this summer. (对划线部分提问) your aunt planned to visit with you this summer? 23．his, Bill, abroad, mind, to, further, hasn’t, his, changed, study (连词成句) . 24．He went to Hamburg in 1996 and he still lives there now.（保持句意基本不变） He lived in Hamburg 1996. 25．to visit, John, yet, Mary’s new house, when, hasn’t decided (连词成句) . 拓展题（测试时间：15分钟） 1．—Where is Mrs Wang? —She together with her students _______ the school hall for the meeting. A．has gone to B．have gone to C．has been to D．have been to 2．—_____ Tom with his sister _______ the Leaning Tower of Pisa? —Yes, only once. A．Has; been to B．Have; been in C．Has; gone to D．Have; been to 3．—Great changes ________ in Wuhan in the last few years. —Yes, everything has changed a lot. A．take place B．have taken place C．were taken place D．have been taken place 4．―What’s wrong with your computer? ―It ________ and requires ________. A．is broken down, to fix B．has broken down, fixing C．is broken down, to be fixed D．has broken down, to fix 5．—Mike ________ a lot. He used to be a troublemaker, but now he is serious. —People sure change! I’m sure he’ll grow into a fine young man. A．changed B．will change C．is changed D．has changed 6．Tom, with his parents ________ to America. They ________ back in two weeks. A．have gone; will come B．has gone; will come C．has been; will come D．have been; will come 7．Look! Mary ________ a nice dog. She ________ it just now. A．has drawn, drew B．drew, has drawn C．is drawing, drew D．is drawing, has drawn 8．The baby is lying there with his eyes wide open. How long ______ he ______? A．did, wake up B．has, been awake C．has, been up D．has, been waking up 9．Everyone except Tom and John ________ seen the film. A．is B．are C．has D．have 10．—Must I return the book this week? I borrowed it one week ago. —No, you ________. You can ________ it for another week. A．needn’t; keep B．don’t have to; borrow C．mustn’t; keep D．mustn’t; lend 11．— Where is my suitcase? — Someone ________ it beside the table. A．puts B．will put C．has put D．would put 12．—Hi, Liam, you love travelling. Could you tell me________? —Yes, Anna. Don’t you remember I bought a key ring of the Eiffel Tower there for you last summer? A．if you have gone to Paris B．when did you go to Paris C．if you have been to Paris D．when have you been to Paris 13．— Can I borrow your dictionary? — Sorry, it ________ to Lily. A．lent B．has lent C．has been lent D．is lent 14．—You look down, Roy. What’s up? —Yeah. I ________ mistakes in my report. A．will make B．was making C．make D．have made 15．—Hello. Is Lucy at home? —No, she ________ the library. She ________ a message for you just now. A．has been in, is leaving B．has gone to, left C．has been to, has left D．went to, left 2 / 19 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $