Unit 4 课时5 Grammar in Use（分层作业）英语仁爱科普版2024八年级上册

Unit 4 Changing and Growing Unit 4 课时5 Grammar in Use分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1. cellphone n.手机；移动电话 2. boss n.老板 3. careless adj.粗心的；不小心的；不仔细的 4. joy n.喜悦；乐趣 5. comfortable adj.舒服的, 安逸的；舒适的；自在的 6. smoke v.吸烟n.烟;吸烟 7. youth n.青年时期（尤指成年以前）；年轻；青年 8. might modal v.可能 9.b athroom n.浴室 10. jog v.慢跑 11. postcard n.明信片 句型 1. The doctor feels helpless to save the patient ’ s life. He wishes he could be more helpful. 医生对挽救病人的生命感到无能为力，他真希望自己能帮上更多忙。 2. The symbols are very useful to pay online, but they are useless without a cellphone. 这些符号在网上支付时非常有用，但没有手机就毫无用处。 3. Your boss doesn't allow any careless mistakes, so you’d better be very careful in your work. 你的老板不容许任何粗心的错误，所以你最好在工作中非常仔细谨慎。 4. What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在做什么？ 5. I was watching a movie with my parents. 我正在和父母一起看电影。 6. What movie were you watching? Is it My Country and My People ? 你们当时在看什么电影？是《我和我的祖国》吗？ 7. We felt moved when we were watching it. 我们观看时深受感动。 ) 一、单词拼写 1．She was so (粗心的) that she made several mistakes. 【答案】careless 【详解】句意： 她如此粗心，以至于犯了好几个错误。careless“粗心的”，形容词作表语。故填careless。 2．I’m afraid I will (失败) again. 【答案】fail 【详解】句意：恐怕我又要失败了。根据中文提示，fail“失败”符合题意，该句是一般将来时，其结构为“will do”，因此填动词原形。故填fail。 3．Mr. Brown likes cotton clothes very much because they are very (舒适的). 【答案】comfortable 【详解】句意：布朗先生非常喜欢棉质衣服，因为它们很舒服。作be动词的表语用形容词comfortable“舒服的”。故填comfortable。 4．If you practise every day, you will (success) in playing the piano. 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：如果你每天练习，你将会在弹钢琴方面取得成功。will后接动词原形，success是名词，其动词形式succeed符合要求；succeed in doing sth.是固定短语，意为“成功做某事”。故填succeed。 5．Jane is (jog) along the river in the park with her dog at the moment. 【答案】jogging 【详解】句意：简此刻正和她的狗在公园的河边慢跑。根据时间状语“at the moment”可知，句子时态应为现在进行时，结构为“be + 现在分词”。所给单词jog为动词，意为“慢跑”，其现在分词为jogging，与句中“is”构成现在进行时，表示动作正在发生。故填jogging。 二、单项选择 6．We can add suffix (后缀) “-ful” to the following words to form adjectives except ________. A．help B．use C．end D．care 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们可以给下面的单词加上后缀“-ful”组成形容词，除了end。 考查构词法。help帮助，可以加“ful”变成helpful“有帮助的”；use使用，可以加“ful”变成useful“有用的”；end结束，后不可以加ful；care照料，可以加“ful”变成careful“小心的”。综上所述，end不可以加“ful”。故选C。 7．Which of the following suffixes is used to form a noun? A．-less B．-ness C．-ful D．-ly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列哪个后缀用来构成名词？ 考查后缀。-less用来构成形容词的后缀；-ness用来构成名词的后缀；-ful用来构成形容词的后缀；-ly用来构成形容词或者副词的后缀。故选B。 8．Which of the following words doesn’t have a prefix (前缀)? A．untidy B．important C．impatient D．unhealthy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列哪个单词没有前缀？ 考查构词法。untidy不整洁的，前缀为un-，表示否定；important重要的，无前缀；impatient不耐烦的，前缀为im-，表示否定；unhealthy不健康的，前缀为un-，表示否定。故选B。 9．The following words all have the same suffix (后缀) EXCEPT __________. A．feeling B．meaning C．illness D．meeting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列单词都有相同的后缀，除了illness。 考查词缀辨析。feeling感觉，后缀是-ing；meaning意义，后缀是-ing；illness疾病，后缀是-ness；meeting会议，后缀是-ing。根据对比可知，illness的后缀是-ness，而其他三个单词的后缀都是-ing。故选C。 10．—I called you last night, but there was no answer. —Oh, I ________ my dog for a walk and I didn’t bring my cell phone with me. A．was taking B．have taken C．took D．am taking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我昨晚给你打电话，但没人接。——哦，那时我正在遛狗，而且没带手机。 考查时态。根据“last night”可知事情发生在过去，结合“but there was no answer”可知电话打来时动作正在进行，因此应用过去进行时“was taking”。故选A。 11．While I ________ to music, my brother was playing video games. A．listened B．was listening C．am listening D．listen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我听音乐时，我弟弟正在玩电子游戏。 考查过去进行时。此处为while引导的时间状语从句，主句和从句的动作同时进行，结合“my brother was playing…”可知从句也应用过去进行时。故选B。 12．At eight o’clock last night, my parents ________ TV. A．watched B．were watching C．watch D．are watching 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨晚八点，我的父母正在看电视。 考查动词时态。根据“At eight o’clock last night”可知，描述过去的某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选B。 13．While I ________ dinner, my brother ________ video games at this time yesterday. A．cook; was playing B．was cooking; was playing C．cook; plays D．am cooking; plays 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天的这个时间，当我正在做晚饭时，我的弟弟在玩电子游戏。 考查动词的时态。cook烹饪，一般现在时态；was playing正在玩，过去进行时态；was cooking正在煮，过去进行时态；plays玩，一般现在时态；am cooking正在煮，现在进行时态。根据时间状语“at this time yesterday.”以及“while”可知，主句和从句的动作同时发生，时态都是过去进行时。故选B。 14．This time last month, we ________ in Paris. A．travel B．traveled C．were traveling D．are traveling 【答案】C 【详解】句意：上个月的这个时候，我们正在巴黎旅行。 考查动词时态。根据“This time last month”可知，此处强调过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选C。 15．I ________ a present for my grandpa in the shop when my friend saw me. A．choose B．was choosing C．am choosing D．will choose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我的朋友看到我时，我正在商店里为爷爷挑选礼物。 考查动词时态。根据“when my friend saw me”可知，主句动作“挑选礼物”是在过去某一时刻正在进行的，需用过去进行时（was/were doing）。故选B。 三、完成句子 16．我们昨天订了一家舒适的旅馆，它在网上很火。 We booked a yesterday and it is very popular online. 【答案】comfortable hotel 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“舒适的旅馆”。comfortable“舒适的”，形容词作定语；hotel“旅馆”，名词作宾语，空处前面有不定冠词a，要用可数名词单数。故填comfortable hotel。 17．一旦你成功了，你会感觉很棒。     , you will feel great. 【答案】Once you succeed 【详解】once“一旦”，连词，引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，且句首首字母要大写；you“你”，作主语；succeed“成功”，动词；从句时态为一般现在时，you作主语，谓语动词用原形。故填Once you succeed。 18．直到所有人都到了，我们才会开始放电影。 We start the movie everyone arrives. 【答案】 won’t until 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处使用“not...until...”结构表示“直到……才……”；句子为一般将来时，won’t是will not的缩写，后接动词原形start。故填won’t；until。 19．慢跑是一种普遍的锻炼方式。 a common way to exercise. 【答案】 Jogging is 【详解】根据语境可知，此处慢跑jog作主语，故用动名词形式jogging，位于句首，首字母要大写。动名词作主语，谓语动词用三单形式，故用be动词的单数形式is。故填Jogging；is。 20．我确定他们在这过得很愉快。 I’m sure they will here. 【答案】have a good time 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，此处缺“玩得愉快”，其对应的英文表达为“have a good time”，为动词短语，且will后应接动词原形。故填have a good time。 一、完形填空 It was already half past seven and I was running late. My wife, Eleanor and I agreed to 1 at a restaurant at 7:00, 2 it was already 7:30 when I arrived. I said “sorry” and told her I didn’t mean to be 3 . “You never mean to be late.” She answered. It was 4 that I made her angry. “Sorry,” I said again. Then I told her about my 5 meeting. But my explanation (解释) seemed to make things 6 . That started to make me angry, too. Several weeks later, when I was 7 the thing to my father, he smiled, “You made a classic (经典的) mistake. Although you explained so much, the 8 was that you were late. You did a wrong thing.” Then he told me the 9 way to say sorry to Eleanor. “I see you are angry. You were 10 here for about 30 minutes and that’s making you 11 . I’m really sorry you had to sit here to 12 for so long.” All these words really worked. When I made Eleanor angry again, this way helped me win her smile. When you did 13 that made someone angry, you should always start your words by telling 14 your actions impacted (影响) the other person. Never try to find more 15 to say why you did this. It’ll make things worse. 1．A．sleep B．talk C．meet D．call 2．A．if B．so C．because D．but 3．A．excited B．surprised C．active D．late 4．A．clear B．necessary C．interesting D．funny 5．A．simple B．boring C．important D．friendly 6．A．easier B．worse C．better D．harder 7．A．telling B．speaking C．watching D．reading 8．A．practice B．fact C．sense D．idea 9．A．right B．easy C．same D．terrible 10．A．running B．learning C．playing D．sitting 11．A．unhappy B．quiet C．uncertain D．afraid 12．A．pay B．look C．wait D．care 13．A．everything B．something C．somebody D．nobody 14．A．how B．why C．when D．where 15．A．answers B．reasons C．problems D．ways 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和妻子约定一起在餐馆吃饭，但是作者因为开会晚了，向妻子解释为什么迟到，反而事情变得更糟，作者也很生气。后来作者和父亲谈到这件事，父亲的一番话让作者意识到当你做了让某人生气的事情时，应该体会到你的行为对别人造成的影响，不要找更多的理由来解释你为什么这么做。 1．句意：我和妻子埃莉诺约好在一家餐馆7点见面，但我到的时候已经7点半了。      sleep睡觉；talk谈话；meet见面；call打电话。根据“at a restaurant at 7:00”可知，此处指约定在餐馆见面。故选C。   2．句意：我和妻子埃莉诺约好在一家餐馆7点见面，但我到的时候已经7点半了。      if如果；so所以；because因为；but但是。“约定7点见面”和“7点半才到”之间是转折关系，用but连接。故选D。 3．句意：我说了“对不起”，并告诉她我不是故意迟到的。      excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的；active积极的；late迟到的。根据前文“running late”和“it was already 7:30 when I arrived”可知，此处指迟到。故选D。 4．句意：很明显我让她生气了。 clear明显的； necessary必须的；interesting有趣的；funny滑稽的。根据上文“You never mean to be late.”可知，从妻子回答的语气可以知道妻子显然是生气了。故选A。 5．句意：然后我告诉她我有个重要的会议。 simple简单的；boring无聊的；important重要的；friendly友好的。根据上文可知妻子因为我的迟到生气了，推断空格处是向她解释迟到的原因是因为有个重要的会议。故选C。 6．句意：但我的解释好像让事情更糟。 easier更容易的；worse更糟的； better更好的；harder更难的。根据“That started to make me angry, too.”可知，解释没有起到好作用，反而让情况更糟。故选B。 7．句意：几周后，当我告诉我父亲这件事时，他笑了。 telling告诉；speaking讲，强调说某种语言；watching观看；reading读。根据“You made a classic (经典的) mistake. Although you explained so much, the ... was that you were late. You did a wrong thing”可知，此处指把迟到的事情告诉父亲。故选A。 8．句意：虽然你解释了这么多，但事实是你迟到了。 practice练习；fact事实；sense感觉；idea主意。根据“You did a wrong thing”可知，此处指作者迟到的事实。故选B。 9．句意：然后他告诉我向埃莉诺道歉的正确方法。 right正确的；easy容易的；same同样的；terrible糟糕的。根据“All these words really worked. When I made Eleanor angry again, this way helped me win her smile.”可知，父亲教的是正确的道歉方式。故选A。   10．句意：你在这儿坐了30分钟，这让你很不开心。 running跑；learning学习；playing玩；sitting坐。根据“My wife, Eleanor and I agreed to...at a restaurant at 7:00,”可知，此处指坐在饭馆等待。故选D。 11．句意：你在这儿坐了30分钟，这让你很不高兴。 unhappy不高兴的；quiet安静的；uncertain不确定的；afraid害怕的。根据“You were ... here for about 30 minutes”可知，此处指等这么长时间让妻子很不高兴。故选A。 12．句意：我真的很抱歉你不得不在这儿坐着等这么长时间。 pay付款；look看；wait等候； care关心。根据“You were ... here for about 30 minutes” 可知，妻子等了30分钟。故选C。 13．句意：当你做了让人生气的事情，你应该从你的行为怎样影响了对方开始谈起。 everything每件事、一切；something某事；somebody某人；nobody没有人。根据下文“you should always start your words by telling ... your actions impacted (影响) the other person.”可知，此处是指做了某件让人生气的事情。故选B。 14．句意：当你做了让人生气的事情，你应该从你的行为怎样影响了对方开始谈起。 how怎样；why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪儿。根据“Never try to find more ... to say why you did this. It’ll make things worse.”推断上文指做了让人生气的事，要设身处地考虑对方心境，即这件事怎样影响对方。故选A。 15．句意：永远不要试图找到更多的理由来说明你为什么这么做。 answers答案；reasons原因；problems问题；ways方法。根据上文可知“But my explanation (解释) seemed to make things ...”可知，此处指不要去找更多的原因来说明你为什么这么做。故选B。 二、阅读理解 A     Have you ever felt uncomfortable with your stomach when you’re nervous or excited? This is because there is a close connection between your gut (消化道) and your brain. You have around 200 types of microbes (细菌) in your gut. Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. “So, take care of your gut,” a scientist says.                                                           690                          Stop anger with activitiesA new study aimed at 12,489 people has suggested that the key to reducing (减少) anger is not letting it out, but doing calming activities such as yoga. These activities could slow the heart rate (心率). However, scientists also find some ball games and team sports, which are fun or playful, could reduce anger.                                         569 Show compassionShowing compassion means you understand others’ feelings and treat them with kindness. Scientists have discovered when you show compassion, your brain lets out a feel-good chemical (化学物质), which helps to reduce stress. It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it too.                              943 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 16．In which SECTION of the website can we read the news? A．PEOPLE. B．HEALTH. C．FOOD． 17．The best heading for the first piece of news would be _____. A．Focus on your brain B．Problems with your stomach C．Look after your gut 18．What activities might reduce anger according to the new study? ① Crying.    ② Basketball.      ③ Cooking.       ④ Deep breathing. A．②④ B．③④ C．①③ 19．It is believed that showing compassion can _____. A．develop your brain B．make people confident C．spread to others 20．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They help us make more friends. B．They show some research results. C．They are liked by 690 people. 【答案】16．B 17．C 18．A 19．C 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了三篇新闻报道的具体内容，分别是照顾好肠道的重要性、能平息愤怒的活动以及展现同情心的好处。 16．推理判断题。根据三栏内容可知，分别谈论紧张兴奋、愤怒和同情时身体的反应和表现，与健康相关，故选B。 17．最佳标题题。根据“Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. ‘So, take care of your gut,’ a scientist says.”可知，本段主要介绍健康的微生物可以帮助你的身体对抗疾病，帮助你的大脑应对压力，所以要照顾好消化道。故选C。 18．细节理解题。根据“...but doing calming activities such as yoga. These activities could slow the heart rate (心率). However, scientists also find some ball games and team sports, which are fun or playful, could reduce anger.”可知，平静的、可以降低心率的活动以及球类运动和团队运动可以减少愤怒，由此可知，打篮球和深呼吸可以减少愤怒，故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据“It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it too.”可知，当别人看到你表现出同情时，他们也想这样做。所以同情心可以传播给他人，故选C。 20．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，三篇新闻报道都是基于科学研究的结果来阐述某种观点或建议。由此可知，B项“它们都展示了一些研究成果”符合题意。故选B。 B ①Everybody enjoys acts of kindness. But can you explain why? Some people think kindness is something out of love and care, while others believe it is just a tool that we use to become more popular. But research (研究) shows that being kind can activate (激活) an area of the brain called striatum (纹状体). Research also shows that kindness improves people’s mood (情绪). But why and how does it happen? Here are different ways. ②Being kind can make someone smile. If you see yourself smiling in a situation, people around may be smiling too. This is true for your close friends and family. A kind act makes someone who is sad feel better. It can also make ourselves feel good, so why not set off that chain (链条) of good feelings to people around? ③Secondly, being kind starts or develops a social connection (联系) with others. Kind acts like buying someone a present make friendship stronger. Research shows that spending money on others may help you get a stronger feeling of happiness than spending it on yourself. Similarly, charities (慈善) also open up new circles of people to connect with someone on the other side of the world. ④In another research, even children in their first year of school know how being kind makes them feel happy. If one person is kind, he or she makes others in the group kind. It also lifts everyone’s spirits. Imagine that you make cakes for the office and it makes others do it each month. Then you’re getting cakes a lot more days than giving them. ⑤The story doesn’t end here. Being kind may improve your mood, but research shows that if you’re in a good mood, you can act much more kindly. This makes it a wonderful two-way relationship, doesn’t it? 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 21．The writer leads in the topic by ________. A．telling a story B．asking questions C．giving examples D．making a survey. 22．The underlined phrase “set off” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A．start B．plan C．leave D．remember 23．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 24．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Kindness can activate any area of our body. B．Being kind can make yourself have a good feeling. C．It’s necessary to give others some gifts if you want to make friends with them. D．Being kind only means you should make others feel happy. 25．If you were an editor (编辑), you put the above passage in “________” of a newspaper. A．Science B．Economy (经济) C．Education D．Culture 【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．A 【导语】本文主要向我们介绍了研究表明善良的几个好处。 21．细节理解题。根据“Everybody enjoys acts of kindness. But can you explain why?...”可知，作者通过提问来引入话题。故选B。 22．词句猜测题。根据前半句“A kind act makes someone who is sad feel better. It can also make ourselves feel good”可知，此处是在建议人们开始向周围的人传递这些好感。因此这里“set off”意为“引发、开始”。故选A。 23．篇章结构题。根据全文可知，文章第一段设问，引入话题；第二、三、四、五段分别介绍善良让人微笑、善良让人开始或发展与他人的社会联系、善良提升每个人的精神以及善良可能会改善你的情绪。所以，全文是总分结构。故选C。 24．细节理解题。根据“A kind act makes someone who is sad feel better. It can also make ourselves feel good”以及“Being kind may improve your mood, but research shows that if you’re in a good mood, you can act much more kindly.”可知，善良能让你自己感觉良好。故选B。 25．推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了研究表明善良的几个好处。因此如果我是编辑，会将本篇文章放在报纸的“科学”版块。故选A。 一、短文填空 Last year, while I 1 (look) through my old photos, I realized how much I’ve changed. Youth is an important period for growing up. When I failed the math test last term, it was 2 (pain), but my teacher’s advice to review mistakes carefully proved incredibly 3 (help). Her guidance motivated me to start a study group. At first, some classmates hesitated to join, thinking extra practice was 4 (use). However, after seeing our progress, they actively participated. Now those challenging days are 5 (price) memories. I’ve learned that difficulties, when faced properly, become stepping stones for growth 【答案】1．was looking 2．painful 3．helpful 4．useless 5．priceless 【导语】本文介绍了作者去年的经历。 1．句意：去年当我在看老照片的时候，我意识到我改变多大。根据“Last year”和while可知此处介绍过去正在做的事情，用过去进行时。故填was looking。 2．句意：当我上学期数学考试不及格时，我很痛苦，但是老师让我仔细复习错误的建议证明是非常有用的。此空为形容词作表语，painful表示“痛苦的”。故填painful。 3．句意：当我上学期数学考试不及格时，我很痛苦，但是老师让我仔细复习错误的建议证明是非常有用的。prove是系动词，后接形容词作表语，helpful表示“有帮助的”。故填helpful。 4．句意：起初，一些同学犹豫加入，认为额外的练习是无用的。此空为形容词作表语，根据“At first, some classmates hesitated to join”可知一些同学没有加入，是认为没用。useless表示“没用的”。故填useless。 5．句意：现在那些充满挑战的日子是无价的回忆。此空为形容词作定语，修饰名词，priceless表示“无价的”。故填priceless。 二、选词填空 A．nervous   B．sure about   C．allow   D．pressure   E.clear   F.in my opinion Marco was a very shy boy. He often felt like he wasn’t good enough and that he got a lot of 6 from school. One day, Marco talked to his family about his problems. His parents advised him to try something new to challenge himself. “You could try your school’s yearly speaking competition. And 7 , you will do a great job,” his mother said. At first, Marco wasn’t 8 it. The thought of speaking in front of others made him feel 9 . But his family kept encouraging him. Even his little sister promised to do more chores at home. That would 10 Marco to have more time to practice. At last, Marco made the decision and agreed. A．explain   B．gave up   C．stronger   D．skills   E.speak   F.work out For weeks, Marco practiced hard. Though he met many difficulties, he never 11 . The day of the competition finally arrived. When it was his turn to 12 , he still felt scared, but he kept going. He knew his family were behind him. Slowly, Marco’s clear thinking and excellent speaking 13 won people’s hearts. And he became the winner of the competition! His efforts (努力) to 14 problems finally paid off. Marco was so happy and excited. From that day on, Marco became not only a better speaker, but also a 15 person, ready to face whatever came his way. 【答案】 6．D 7．F 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．E 13．D 14．F 15．C 【导语】本文讲述了一个害羞的男孩Marco通过参加演讲比赛克服心理障碍、实现自我成长的故事。 6．句意：他经常觉得自己不够好，并且在学校承受了很多压力。根据“He often felt like he wasn’t good enough”和备选词汇可知，觉得自己不够好，因此承受很多压力，故选D。 7．句意：在我看来，你会表现得很好。”他的母亲说。根据“you will do a great job”和备选词汇可知，此处表达观点，故选F。 8．句意：起初，Marco不确定是否要参加。根据“At first”和备选词汇可知，起初不太确定，故选B。 9．句意：一想到要在众人面前讲话，他就感到紧张。根据“But his family kept encouraging him.”和备选词汇可知，感到紧张，形容词作宾语补足语，故选A。 10．句意：这将允许Marco有更多的时间来练习。根据“Marco to have more time to practice”和备选词汇可知，允许Marco有更多时间练习，故选C。 11．句意：尽管遇到了许多困难，但他从未放弃。根据“Though he met many difficulties”和备选词汇可知，遇到很多困难，但是不放弃，故选B。 12．句意：轮到他演讲时，他仍然感到害怕，但他坚持了下来。根据“When it was his turn to”和备选词汇可知，轮到他演讲，故选E。 13．句意：渐渐地，Marco清晰的思维和出色的演讲技巧赢得了人们的心。根据“won people’s hearts.”和备选词汇可知，完美的演讲技能，故选D。 14．句意：他努力解决问题的付出终于得到了回报。根据“problems finally paid off”和备选词汇可知，解决问题的努力终有回报，故选F。 15．句意：从那天起，他不仅成为了一名更好的演讲者，还成为了一个更坚强的人，准备好面对未来的一切挑战。根据“Marco became not only a better speaker”和备选词汇可知，也成为更强大的人，故选C。 一、任务型阅读 In the United States people don’t like to stay at home during the holidays. They usually go camping for their holidays and live in the woods or parks and do everything for themselves for a few days to relax. When they are camping, they can have a picnic and make all their food themselves. Barbecues (烧烤) are very popular. They bring meat and vegetables and make a fire by themselves. When the fire is ready, they can cook food over it. Besides meat and vegetables, they can also cook many other foods with the fire. Children really like this activity at night. All the family sit around the fire, eat delicious food, and drink hot chocolate. Everyone can sing songs and dance together. Camping is a fun activity for the family to do. Holidays don’t have to mean going to visit places faraway. It could be going to the parks near your houses and camping there! 1．In the United States people usually during the holidays. 2．They like to the woods or parks for a few days to relax. 3．They can and make all their food themselves when they are camping. 4．Camping is and many people in the United States enjoy it. 5．We can have holidays near our houses instead of going to visit . 【答案】 1．go camping 2．live in 3．have a picnic 4．a fun activity 5．places faraway 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国人在假期喜欢通过露营来放松。 1．根据第一段的“They usually go camping for their holidays...”可知，美国人在假期通常去露营。主语“people”为复数，空处填动词原形。故填go camping。 2．根据第一段的“They usually go camping for their holidays and live in the woods or parks and do everything for themselves for a few days to relax.”可知，他们喜欢在树林或公园里住几天放松一下。like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，空处填动词原形。故填live in。 3．根据第二段的“When they are camping, they can have a picnic and make all their food themselves.”可知，他们可以在露营时野餐，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填have a picnic。 4．根据最后一段的“Camping is a fun activity for the family to do.”可知，露营对一家人来说是一项有趣的活动。故填a fun activity。 5．根据最后一段的“Holidays don’t have to mean going to visit places faraway. It could be going to the parks near your houses and camping there!”可知，假期不一定意味着要去很远的地方。故填places faraway。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Changing and Growing Unit 4 课时5 Grammar in Use分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 词汇 1. cellphone n.手机；移动电话 2. boss n.老板 3. careless adj.粗心的；不小心的；不仔细的 4. joy n.喜悦；乐趣 5. comfortable adj.舒服的, 安逸的；舒适的；自在的 6. smoke v.吸烟n.烟;吸烟 7. youth n.青年时期（尤指成年以前）；年轻；青年 8. might modal v.可能 9.b athroom n.浴室 10. jog v.慢跑 11. postcard n.明信片 句型 1. The doctor feels helpless to save the patient ’ s life. He wishes he could be more helpful. 医生对挽救病人的生命感到无能为力，他真希望自己能帮上更多忙。 2. The symbols are very useful to pay online, but they are useless without a cellphone. 这些符号在网上支付时非常有用，但没有手机就毫无用处。 3. Your boss doesn't allow any careless mistakes, so you’d better be very careful in your work. 你的老板不容许任何粗心的错误，所以你最好在工作中非常仔细谨慎。 4. What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在做什么？ 5. I was watching a movie with my parents. 我正在和父母一起看电影。 6. What movie were you watching? Is it My Country and My People ? 你们当时在看什么电影？是《我和我的祖国》吗？ 7. We felt moved when we were watching it. 我们观看时深受感动。 ) 一、单词拼写 1．She was so (粗心的) that she made several mistakes. 2．I’m afraid I will (失败) again. 3．Mr. Brown likes cotton clothes very much because they are very (舒适的). 4．If you practise every day, you will (success) in playing the piano. 5．Jane is (jog) along the river in the park with her dog at the moment. 二、单项选择 6．We can add suffix (后缀) “-ful” to the following words to form adjectives except ________. A．help B．use C．end D．care 7．Which of the following suffixes is used to form a noun? A．-less B．-ness C．-ful D．-ly 8．Which of the following words doesn’t have a prefix (前缀)? A．untidy B．important C．impatient D．unhealthy 9．The following words all have the same suffix (后缀) EXCEPT __________. A．feeling B．meaning C．illness D．meeting 10．—I called you last night, but there was no answer. —Oh, I ________ my dog for a walk and I didn’t bring my cell phone with me. A．was taking B．have taken C．took D．am taking 11．While I ________ to music, my brother was playing video games. A．listened B．was listening C．am listening D．listen 12．At eight o’clock last night, my parents ________ TV. A．watched B．were watching C．watch D．are watching 13．While I ________ dinner, my brother ________ video games at this time yesterday. A．cook; was playing B．was cooking; was playing C．cook; plays D．am cooking; plays 14．This time last month, we ________ in Paris. A．travel B．traveled C．were traveling D．are traveling 15．I ________ a present for my grandpa in the shop when my friend saw me. A．choose B．was choosing C．am choosing D．will choose 三、完成句子 16．我们昨天订了一家舒适的旅馆，它在网上很火。 We booked a yesterday and it is very popular online. 17．一旦你成功了，你会感觉很棒。     , you will feel great. 18．直到所有人都到了，我们才会开始放电影。 We start the movie everyone arrives. 19．慢跑是一种普遍的锻炼方式。 a common way to exercise. 20．我确定他们在这过得很愉快。 I’m sure they will here. 一、完形填空 It was already half past seven and I was running late. My wife, Eleanor and I agreed to 1 at a restaurant at 7:00, 2 it was already 7:30 when I arrived. I said “sorry” and told her I didn’t mean to be 3 . “You never mean to be late.” She answered. It was 4 that I made her angry. “Sorry,” I said again. Then I told her about my 5 meeting. But my explanation (解释) seemed to make things 6 . That started to make me angry, too. Several weeks later, when I was 7 the thing to my father, he smiled, “You made a classic (经典的) mistake. Although you explained so much, the 8 was that you were late. You did a wrong thing.” Then he told me the 9 way to say sorry to Eleanor. “I see you are angry. You were 10 here for about 30 minutes and that’s making you 11 . I’m really sorry you had to sit here to 12 for so long.” All these words really worked. When I made Eleanor angry again, this way helped me win her smile. When you did 13 that made someone angry, you should always start your words by telling 14 your actions impacted (影响) the other person. Never try to find more 15 to say why you did this. It’ll make things worse. 1．A．sleep B．talk C．meet D．call 2．A．if B．so C．because D．but 3．A．excited B．surprised C．active D．late 4．A．clear B．necessary C．interesting D．funny 5．A．simple B．boring C．important D．friendly 6．A．easier B．worse C．better D．harder 7．A．telling B．speaking C．watching D．reading 8．A．practice B．fact C．sense D．idea 9．A．right B．easy C．same D．terrible 10．A．running B．learning C．playing D．sitting 11．A．unhappy B．quiet C．uncertain D．afraid 12．A．pay B．look C．wait D．care 13．A．everything B．something C．somebody D．nobody 14．A．how B．why C．when D．where 15．A．answers B．reasons C．problems D．ways 二、阅读理解 A     Have you ever felt uncomfortable with your stomach when you’re nervous or excited? This is because there is a close connection between your gut (消化道) and your brain. You have around 200 types of microbes (细菌) in your gut. Healthy microbes help your body fight illnesses and help your brain deal with stress. “So, take care of your gut,” a scientist says.                                                           690                          Stop anger with activitiesA new study aimed at 12,489 people has suggested that the key to reducing (减少) anger is not letting it out, but doing calming activities such as yoga. These activities could slow the heart rate (心率). However, scientists also find some ball games and team sports, which are fun or playful, could reduce anger.                                         569 Show compassionShowing compassion means you understand others’ feelings and treat them with kindness. Scientists have discovered when you show compassion, your brain lets out a feel-good chemical (化学物质), which helps to reduce stress. It is reported that when other people see you showing compassion, they want to do it too.                              943 根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。 16．In which SECTION of the website can we read the news? A．PEOPLE. B．HEALTH. C．FOOD． 17．The best heading for the first piece of news would be _____. A．Focus on your brain B．Problems with your stomach C．Look after your gut 18．What activities might reduce anger according to the new study? ① Crying.    ② Basketball.      ③ Cooking.       ④ Deep breathing. A．②④ B．③④ C．①③ 19．It is believed that showing compassion can _____. A．develop your brain B．make people confident C．spread to others 20．What do the three pieces of news have in common? A．They help us make more friends. B．They show some research results. C．They are liked by 690 people. B ①Everybody enjoys acts of kindness. But can you explain why? Some people think kindness is something out of love and care, while others believe it is just a tool that we use to become more popular. But research (研究) shows that being kind can activate (激活) an area of the brain called striatum (纹状体). Research also shows that kindness improves people’s mood (情绪). But why and how does it happen? Here are different ways. ②Being kind can make someone smile. If you see yourself smiling in a situation, people around may be smiling too. This is true for your close friends and family. A kind act makes someone who is sad feel better. It can also make ourselves feel good, so why not set off that chain (链条) of good feelings to people around? ③Secondly, being kind starts or develops a social connection (联系) with others. Kind acts like buying someone a present make friendship stronger. Research shows that spending money on others may help you get a stronger feeling of happiness than spending it on yourself. Similarly, charities (慈善) also open up new circles of people to connect with someone on the other side of the world. ④In another research, even children in their first year of school know how being kind makes them feel happy. If one person is kind, he or she makes others in the group kind. It also lifts everyone’s spirits. Imagine that you make cakes for the office and it makes others do it each month. Then you’re getting cakes a lot more days than giving them. ⑤The story doesn’t end here. Being kind may improve your mood, but research shows that if you’re in a good mood, you can act much more kindly. This makes it a wonderful two-way relationship, doesn’t it? 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 21．The writer leads in the topic by ________. A．telling a story B．asking questions C．giving examples D．making a survey. 22．The underlined phrase “set off” in Paragraph 2 means ________. A．start B．plan C．leave D．remember 23．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 24．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．Kindness can activate any area of our body. B．Being kind can make yourself have a good feeling. C．It’s necessary to give others some gifts if you want to make friends with them. D．Being kind only means you should make others feel happy. 25．If you were an editor (编辑), you put the above passage in “________” of a newspaper. A．Science B．Economy (经济) C．Education D．Culture 一、短文填空 Last year, while I 1 (look) through my old photos, I realized how much I’ve changed. Youth is an important period for growing up. When I failed the math test last term, it was 2 (pain), but my teacher’s advice to review mistakes carefully proved incredibly 3 (help). Her guidance motivated me to start a study group. At first, some classmates hesitated to join, thinking extra practice was 4 (use). However, after seeing our progress, they actively participated. Now those challenging days are 5 (price) memories. I’ve learned that difficulties, when faced properly, become stepping stones for growth 二、选词填空 A．nervous   B．sure about   C．allow   D．pressure   E.clear   F.in my opinion Marco was a very shy boy. He often felt like he wasn’t good enough and that he got a lot of 6 from school. One day, Marco talked to his family about his problems. His parents advised him to try something new to challenge himself. “You could try your school’s yearly speaking competition. And 7 , you will do a great job,” his mother said. At first, Marco wasn’t 8 it. The thought of speaking in front of others made him feel 9 . But his family kept encouraging him. Even his little sister promised to do more chores at home. That would 10 Marco to have more time to practice. At last, Marco made the decision and agreed. A．explain   B．gave up   C．stronger   D．skills   E.speak   F.work out For weeks, Marco practiced hard. Though he met many difficulties, he never 11 . The day of the competition finally arrived. When it was his turn to 12 , he still felt scared, but he kept going. He knew his family were behind him. Slowly, Marco’s clear thinking and excellent speaking 13 won people’s hearts. And he became the winner of the competition! His efforts (努力) to 14 problems finally paid off. Marco was so happy and excited. From that day on, Marco became not only a better speaker, but also a 15 person, ready to face whatever came his way. 一、任务型阅读 In the United States people don’t like to stay at home during the holidays. They usually go camping for their holidays and live in the woods or parks and do everything for themselves for a few days to relax. When they are camping, they can have a picnic and make all their food themselves. Barbecues (烧烤) are very popular. They bring meat and vegetables and make a fire by themselves. When the fire is ready, they can cook food over it. Besides meat and vegetables, they can also cook many other foods with the fire. Children really like this activity at night. All the family sit around the fire, eat delicious food, and drink hot chocolate. Everyone can sing songs and dance together. Camping is a fun activity for the family to do. Holidays don’t have to mean going to visit places faraway. It could be going to the parks near your houses and camping there! 1．In the United States people usually during the holidays. 2．They like to the woods or parks for a few days to relax. 3．They can and make all their food themselves when they are camping. 4．Camping is and many people in the United States enjoy it. 5．We can have holidays near our houses instead of going to visit . ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $