专题02 重点语法、书面表达背默及训练-2025-2026学年八年级英语上学期期中复习（沪教版2024）

专题02 重点语法、书面表达背默及训练 Unit1 Look it up! 语法 一．any & some和复合不定代词 1. some ①some 意为“一些”，常用于肯定句，指不确定的数量或数目，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词 I have some questions to ask. 我要问一些问题 There is some water in the bottle 瓶子里有一些水 ②在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答、想要鼓励对方或表达请求、建议时，也可以用some Would you like some banana? 你想要些香蕉吗？ Could you give me some money? 你能给我一些钱吗？ 2. any ①意为“一些”时，用于否定句或一般疑问句。 ※注意：hardly, never, seldom等具有否定意义的词后面要用any ---Have you any bookmarks? 你有书签吗？ ---No, I don’t have any bookmarks 不，我没有 I hardly had any time to have a rest 我几乎没有时间休息 ②any用于肯定句时，通常要重读，意为“任何”，修饰单数可数名词和不可数名词 Any time you want me, just send for me什么时候你需要我，随时叫我来 Come any day you like只要你喜欢，随时可以来 二、复合不定代词 1.常用复合不定代词 something某事物 somebody某人 someone某人 anything某事/任何事 anybody某人/任何人 anyone某人/任何人 everything每件事物 everybody每个人 everyone任何人 nothing没有东西 nobody没有人 no one没有人 2. 复合不定代词用法 ①复合不定代词后面的动词用第三人称单数形式 There is someone on the phone for you有人给你打电话 Everyone is busy and can not go to the party每个人都忙而不能去参加聚会 ②形容词或不定式修饰复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等时，通常要放在不定代词的后面 something important某件重要的事 anything interesting任何有趣的事 nothing exciting没有令人兴奋的事 Is there anything important in today’s paper? 今天报上有什么重要的消息吗？ ③当主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everybody, nobody, anybody等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they, 在正式文体中也可以用he Everyone is here, aren’t they / isn’t he? 每个人都到了，是吗？ 当主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything, something, anything, nothing等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切准备好了，是吗？ ④与no-构成的复合不定代词本身就是否定意义，所以一定要与肯定的动词连用 Nobody likes to get into trouble没有谁愿意惹麻烦 not与由every-构成的复合不定代词是部分否定，意为“并非都；不都” I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with everything 我同意你所说的大部分，但不是全部 3.复合不定代词辨析 ①somebody / someone / something 用于肯定句 There is somebody / someone waiting outside外面有人在等你 There is something wrong with my bike我的自行车出了点毛病 在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答、想要鼓励对方给予肯定答复或表达请求、建议时，也可以用 Can somebody / someone help me? 有人能帮我吗？ Do you want something to drink? = Would you like something to drink? 你想来点喝的吗？ ②anybody / anyone / anything 用于否定句或一般疑问句。注意：当肯定句中有hardly, never, seldom等具有否定意义的词时，要使用anybody, anyone或anything Did anybody come here while I was away? 当我离开时有人来这儿吗？ He doesn’t like anything I do or say他不喜欢我做得或说得任何事 He can hardly see anything before the operation在手术前他几乎看不到任何东西 Hardly anybody came to the meeting几乎没人来参加会议 ③nobody / no one / nothing 用于句中表示否定意义。nobody = not anybody nothing = not anything 注意：如果需要用一个否定词来做句子的开头，那么就必须用nothing / nobody / no one,而不能用not…anything / anyone / anybody I saw nobody / no one / nothing = I didn’t see anybody / anyone / anything 我没看到人/东西 随堂训练 一. 用some或any填空 1. There are _______________ pencils here, but there aren’t _______________ rubbers here. 2. Does John have _______________ brothers or sisters? 3. They don’t have _______________ time to finish the job. 4. Would you like _______________ water? 5. Can I ask _______________ questions? 6.There are many story books,you can choose _______________ one. 1. some. any 2. any 3. any 4. some 5. some 6. any 二．.选用some或any 填空 1.Peter didn’t eat 　　　food because he’s ill.  2.—Would you like 　　　tea? —No, I’d like 　　　water.  3.Do we need to buy 　　　tomatoes?  4.—Is there 　　　orange juice in the fridge?  —No, there isn’t 　　　orange juice in the fridge. We need to buy 　　　.  1.any　2.some;some　3.some　4.any;any;some 三. 用适合的复合不定代词填空 1. The girl was too shy. She didn’t talk to _______________ that night. 2. This is a secret. You mustn’t tell _______________. 3. At first, it was very quiet. Later, _______________ began to cough. 4. The question was so difficult that _______________ could answer it. 5. The foreigner was shouting. But _______________ knew what he was talking about. 6. What’s on TV tonight? Is there _______________ interesting? 7. Can I have _______________ to drink, please? 8. These questions are too difficult. I think _______________ can answer them. 9. Kitty is sitting alone. She isn’t with _______________. 10. You can buy a lot of things with money, but not _______________. 1. anyone/anybody 2. anyone/anybody 3. someone/somebody 4. no one/nobody 5. no one/nobody 6. anything 7. something 8. no one/nobody 9. anyone/anybody 10. everything 书面表达 本单元的主题是“百科全书”,写作任务是创作一个百科词条介绍一位名人。常见的写作话题有:①介绍著名的科学家、艺术家、运动员等的基本信息;②介绍名人的生平事迹。 　　中考书面表达中和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以说明文或应用文的形式出现,常见的应用文类型有回复邮件或信件、给校报或网站投稿、根据思维导图或表格内容介绍人物。 写作实例 　　请根据提示以“Madame Curie”为题,写一篇80—100词的英语短文。 　　内容: 1.居里夫人(1867—1934)是世界闻名的科学家; 2.她从小就酷爱读书,16岁中学毕业,24岁赴法国巴黎(Paris)的大学学习。在学校时,她学习刻苦努力; 3.她一生致力于科学研究,于1903年、1911年分别获得诺贝尔物理学奖和化学奖(the Nobel Prize in Physics/Chemistry); 4.她作为一名伟大的女性将永远被人们铭记。 审题指导 1.体裁:说明文    2.时态:以一般过去时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 4.必备词句:（1）all over the world 全世界　（2）at the age of... 在……岁时　（3）devote one’s entire life to 一生致力于（4）the Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖（5）achieve such success 取得这样的成功（6）Madame Curie will always be remembered as a great woman.人们将永远铭记居里夫人是一位伟大的女性。（7）find out 查明　（8）work on 从事　（9）give up 放弃　（10）not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… （11）be afraid of... 害怕……（12）He is known as the Father of Modern Biology. 他被誉为现代生物学之父。 （12）He set a good example for them and often communicated with them.他为他们树立了好榜样,并经常与他们交流。 写作模版 优秀范文 Madame Curie 　　Madam Curie was a well-known scientist all over the world. She was born in 1867 and passed away in 1934. She loved reading books when she was a young child. She finished middle school at the age of 16. When she was 24 years old, she left for Paris to study at a university. While at school, she lived a simple life and studied very hard. Madame Curie devoted her entire life to studying science. She won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903 and in Chemistry in 1911. 　　I think it was not easy for a woman to achieve such success. Madame Curie will always be remembered as a great woman. 随堂训练 假如你是李华,请根据以下提示,用英文写一篇关于我国著名女科学家屠呦呦的短文并谈谈你的感受。 　　1.屠呦呦1930年出生在宁波,她因发现青蒿素而闻名; 2.青蒿素能有效对抗疟疾——一种很严重的疾病; 3.历经190次失败后,她在中草药中发现了青蒿素,这种药拯救了数百万人的生命; 4.2015年,她获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖;5.你认为…… 　　参考词汇:草药herb;青蒿素qinghaosu;疟疾malaria;有效地effectively;对抗fight;诺贝尔生理学或医学奖the Nobel Prize inPhysiology or Medicine 　　要求:词数为80—100(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。 Tu Youyou is a well-known woman scientist from China.She was born in Ningbo in 1930. She is famous for discovering qinghaosu. It can effectively fight malaria—a very serious disease. After 190 failures, she finally found it in Chinese herbs. The medicine has saved a lot of lives. In 2015, she became the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in China.     I think she is one of the greatest scientists in China because her discovery is good for human health. I think we should learn from her.     Unit2 Amazing numbers 语法 一、基数词 1.1～12的基数词有各自独立的单词 1 one 5 five 9 nine 2 two 6 six 10 ten 3 three 7 seven 11 eleven 4 four 8 eight 12 twelve 2.13～19基数词以-teen结尾 13 thirteen 16 sixteen 19 nineteen 14 fourteen 17 seventeen 注意13,15,18的写法 15 fifteen 18 eighteen 3.20～90等整10基数词以-ty结尾 20 twenty 50 fifty 80 eighty 30 thirty 60 sixty 90 ninety 40 forty 70 seventy 注意13,15,18的写法 4.21～99之间非整10基数词是在十位数和个位数之间加连字符“_”构成 21 twenty-one 54 fifty-four 32 thirty-two 66 sixty-six 43 forty-three 99 ninety-nine 5.101～999的基数词 256 two hundred and fifty-six 108 one hundred and eight 839 eight hundred and thirty-nine 987 nine hundred and eighty-seven 二、序数词 1.1～3的序数词为特定的独立单词 英文 汉语 简写 First 第一 1st Second 第二 2nd third 第三 3rd 2.4～19的序数词基本是在相应的基数词后加-th 英文 汉语 简写 英文 汉语 简写 fourth 第四 4th twelfth 第十二 12th fifth 第五 5th thirteenth 第十三 13th sixth 第六 6th fourteenth 第十四 14th seventh 第七 7th fifteenth 第十五 15th eighth 第八 8th sixteenth 第十六 16th ninth 第九 9th seventeenth 第十七 17th tenth 第十 10th eighteenth 第十八 18th eleventh 第十一 11th nineteenth 第十九 19th 3.20～90的整10的序数词是将相应的基数词结尾y变为-ie,再加-th 英文 汉语 简写 英文 汉语 简写 twentieth 第二十 20th sixtieth 第六十 60th thirtieth 第三十 30th seventieth 第七十 70th fortieth 第四十 40th eightieth 第八十 80th fiftieth 第五十 50th ninetieth 第九十 90th 4.21～99的非整10序数词只将个位数变为序数词，十位数扔用基数词 英文 汉语 简写 英文 汉语 简写 twenty-first 第二十一 21st twenty-third 第二十三 23rd twenty-second 第二十二 22nd ninety-ninth 第九十九 99th 5.100和100以上的序数词 第100为100th（读作one hundredth），第101为101st（读作one hundred and first） 其他的以此类推 ※考点 1.时刻：9:00 nine o’clock 9:15 a quarter past nine 9:30 half past nine 9:45 a quarter to ten 2.日期：the tenth of July = July 10th 7月10日 3.年份：in nineteen ninety-nine 在1999年 in two thousand and fifteen 在2015年 4.年代：in the 1960s = in the 1960’s 在20世纪60年代 5.世纪：in the twenty-first century = in the 21st century 在21世纪 6.年龄：she is seven 她7岁 in one’s thirties 在某人三十几岁时 7.事物编号：lesson one第一课 World War Ⅱ 第二次世界大战 Room two zero nine 209房间 Bus No.10 10路公共汽车 8.算术式的表达方法 ①4+8=12 Four plus eight is twelve = Four and eight is twelve = Four added to eight is twelve ②11-7=4 Eleven minus seven is four = Seven subtracted from eleven is four ③6×5=30 Six times five is thirty = Six multiplied by five is thirty ④20÷5=4 Twenty divided by five is four = Divide twenty by five is four ※注意： 对算术式提问时用how much或what。 How much / What is four plus eight? 等于号用is, is equal to或equals表达 One and one is two = One and one is equal to two = One and one equals two 随堂训练 一．根据括号内的词，在空白处填入恰当的词(不能填入阿拉伯数字) 1. I think the _______________(two)unit is the most difficult in this book. 2. _______________(thousand)of people are losing jobs and only _______________(hundred)of them find jobs. 3. I live in _______________(三栋). Welcome to my home. 4. Jack’s great-grandpa was born in _______________(十九世纪). 5. We have tried _______________(两次), but we will try _______________(再一次). 1. second 2. Thousands, hundreds 3. the third building4. the nineteenth century 5. twice, another 二．翻译下列句子 1. 5 + 6 = 11 ______________________________________________________________ 2. 12 - 8 = 4 ______________________________________________________________ 3. 2 × 3 = 6 ______________________________________________________________ 4. 20 ÷ 10 = 2 ______________________________________________________________ 5. 5+5=? ______________________________________________________________ 1. Five plus six is eleven. 2. Twelve minus eight is four. 3. Two times three is six. 4. Twenty divided by ten is two. 5. What is five plus five? 三.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He took part in the Olympic Games in his 　　　(forty)and won a medal. 2.September is the 　　　(nine) month of the year.  3.If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the 　　　(one) square of the chessboard.  4.China was the 　　　(five)country to launch a man-made satellite in the world. 5.This nature reserve is home to more than eight 　　　(hundred) kinds of animals and plants.  1.forties　2.ninth　3.first　4.fifth　5.hundred 四.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.现在已经7:45了,我们现在再不走就赶不上飞机了。 It’s a 　　　 　　　eight now. We’ll miss the plane if we don’t leave now.  2.每年,数百万的游客来北京参观长城。 　　　 　　　 tourists come to Beijing to visit the Great Wall every year.  3.中国人民解放军在1927年8月1日成立。 The People’s Liberation Army of China was established(成立) on August 　　　, 1927.  1.quarter to　2.Millions of3.first　 书面表达 本单元的话题是“神奇的数字”,要求学生能够运用所学的词汇及句型来撰写与数字相关的文章。该话题常以说明文或议论文的形式呈现,主要写作时态为一般现在时,在特定情境下可能涉及一般过去时。常见的写作维度有:①描述数字的日常应用(如人口统计、科学测量中的数字运用等);②解析数字的特殊意义(如介绍幸运数字的文化内涵等);③探讨数字背后的逻辑(如分析数据增长趋势等)。写作时需注意数据描述的准确性,可通过举例、对比等手法增强文章说服力。写作实例 　 　请以“我们日常生活中的数字”为题,写一篇英语短文。 内容提示:1.你认为数字在我们的日常生活中重要吗?2.在日常生活中,我们什么时候会用到数字? 3.假如我们的生活中没有了数字,那会是怎样的呢? 写作要求:80词左右,必须涵盖所有内容提示,可适当发挥。 审题指导 体裁:材料作文    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 必备词句 （1）solve problems 解决问题　（2）in a mess 一团糟（3）it will be difficult for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事将是困难的　（4）That’s why numbers are so important that we can’t live without them. 这就是为什么数字如此重要,以至于我们生活不能没有它们。（5）survey 调查　（6）the number of ……的数量　（7）At the beginning, the idiom “three in the morning and four in the evening” shows that someone fools others by playing tricks. 起初,“朝三暮四”这个成语表明有人通过耍花招来欺骗他人。　（8）The floor above the ground floor is the first floor, but Americans would call it the second floor. 位于底层上方的那一层是一楼,但在美国人那里,这会被称作二楼。　（9）In the developed countries of Europe and North America, the population is growing slowly. 在欧洲和北美洲的发达国家,人口增长缓慢。　（10）Let’s see some of the lucky and unlucky numbers across the world. 让我们来看看世界各地的一些幸运数字和不幸运数字。 写作模版 优秀范文 Numbers in our daily life 　　Numbers are very important in our daily life. 　　Maths teachers use numbers to teach us how to do calculation and solve problems③. We read numbers from newspapers to know the information and facts. When we go to the supermarket, numbers can be seen everywhere to show the prices of different things. Without numbers, the whole world will be in a mess, and it will be difficult for us to even tell the time. That’s why numbers are so important that we can’t live without them. Unit3 Our digital lives 语法 一、形容词比较等级的规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er, -est tall高的 taller tallest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i，再加-er, -est easy容易的 busy忙的 happy高兴的 easier busier happier easiest busiest happiest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单音节词或少数双音节词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er, -est big大的 hot热的 thin瘦的 fat胖的 bigger hotter thinner fatter biggest hottest thinnest fattest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more, most important重要的 more important most important 二、形容词比较级的用法 1.“形容词比较级+than”表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况，意为“.…..高于或低于……” Anna is taller than Suan安娜比苏珊高 He made fewer mistakes than you他出的错比你少 2.“形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级”表示事物本身程度的逐渐变化，意为“越来越……” The day is getting longer and longer白天正变得越来越长 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful我们的国家正变得越来越美丽 3.“the+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级”常表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意为“越……，就越……” The higher the ground is, the thinner the air becomes地势越高，空气就越稀薄 The more difficult the problem is, the more careful we should be 问题越南，我们就应越仔细 4.形容词的比较级前可以用a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, far等表示程度的副词修饰 The giraffe is much taller than the deer长颈鹿比鹿高多了 Yesterday was a little colder than today昨天比今天冷一点儿 三、形容词最高级的用法 1.“the+形容词最高级（+名词）+表示比较范围的短语或从句”意为“在……中是最……的” ※注意：最高级比较范围为一定的地域空间时用in，如果在同一类事物范围内比较用of Tom is the tallest boy in his class汤姆在他们班是个子最高的孩子 He is the youngest child of all his classmates 他在他所有的同班同学中是年级最小的 This is the best film that I have ever seen这是我看过的最好看的电影 2.“one of the +形容词最高级+复数可数名词”表示“最……的……之一” Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China上海是中国最大的城市之一 ※注意：最高级前有序数词、物主代词时，不用the He is my best friend他是我最好的朋友 Hainan is China’s second largest island海南是中国第二大岛 随堂训练 一. 请写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级 1. tiny ____________ ____________ 2. large ____________ ____________ 3. fat ____________ ____________ 4. many ____________ ____________ 5. slow ____________ ____________ 6. expensive ____________ ____________ 7. heavy ____________ ____________ 8. clever ____________ ____________ 9. busy ____________ ____________ 10. nice ____________ ____________ 1. tinier, tiniest 2. larger, largest 3. fatter, fattest 4. more, most5. slower, slowest 6. more expensive, most expensive7.heavier，heaviest 8.cleverer，cleverest9.busier，busiest 10.nicer，nicest 二. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Li Lei is the _______________(tall)student in our class. 2. Lucy is _______________(fat)than Kate. 3. My brother is much _______________(young)than you. 4. This box is the _______________(heavy)of the three. 5. Unit One is much _______________(easy)than Unit Two. 6. I think Maths is the _______________(difficult)subject of all. 7. Winter is the _______________(cold)season of the year. 8. This street is _______________(narrow)than that one. 9. Who is _______________(busy), you or I? 10. Kate is one of the _______________(clever)girls in her class. 1. tallest 2. fatter 3. younger 4. heaviest 5. easier 6. most difficult7. coldest 8. narrower 9. busier 10. cleverest 三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.Now computers are becoming 　　　(small) and better. 2.—What will the future be like? —Cities will be 　　　　　　(beautiful).  3.The Mona Lisa is one of 　　　　　　(famous) paintings in the world.  4.It’s said that in the future there will be longer summers and (short)winters than before. 5.The more you exercise, the 　　　(health) you will be. 1.smaller　2.more beautiful　3.the most famous 4.shorter　5.healthier 书面表达 本单元的主题是“我们的数字生活”,写作任务是讨论你对互联网的看法。常见的写作话题有:①介绍互联网带来的影响;②介绍我们应该怎么正确使用互联网;③介绍我们的数字生活。 　　中考书面表达中和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以议论文或应用文的形式出现,常见的应用文种类有回复邮件或信件、给校报或网站投稿、写演讲稿等。写作实例 　　 随着科技的进步,网络走进了学生们的生活,但它带给学生们巨大便利的同时,也有不利的一面。请根据提示介绍网络的优势和弊端,并且给出使用建议。要求:80词以上。 　　提示: Advantages Disadvantages 1.带来方便; 1.沉迷于聊天与游戏; 2.可以作为学习的工具; 2.对视力有害; …… …… 参考词汇:convenience, come into one's life, become addicted to (沉迷于……) 审题指导 1.体裁:议论文    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 必备词句:（1）bring sb. sth. 带给某人某物　（2）not only...but also... 不仅……而且……　（3）become addicted to 沉迷于……（4）it is harmful for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事有害   （5）be bad for对……有害 （6）It is clear that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.显然,互联网既有利也有弊。①have a long way to go 任重道远　（7）enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事　（8）make the biggest difference 起最大的作用　（9）lead to 导致;造成　（10）play an important role in 在……中扮演重要角色 （11）Social media has its positive aspects, but it can also bring some problems. 社交媒体有其积极的方面,但也会带来一些问题。 写作模版 优秀范文 　　The Internet has become an important part of students’ lives. It brings us not only a lot of convenience and happiness but also some troubles. 　　Some students use the Internet as a tool for studying. When they learn English, the Internet helps them a lot. They also read news and send and receive emails through it. However, some students become addicted to chatting and playing games. It is harmful for students to watch bad films. Sitting in front of computers for too long is also bad for students’ eyesight. It is clear that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages. I think we should use it correctly. Unit4 Inventions 语法 一、形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well（好的） better (the)best many/much（多的） more (the)most bad/ill（坏的） worse (the)worst little（少的） less (the)least far（远的） farther/further (the)farthest (the)furthest old（老的，旧的） elder/older (the)eldest (the)oldest ※注意： elder和older elder 表示家庭成员出生的先后顺序，但只能用于名词前，作定语，不能作表语 He is the elder twin of the two他是两个双胞胎较年长的那个 older既可以作定语，也可以作表语 The older generation doesn’t like pop music老一辈的人不喜欢流行音乐 I am two years older than my sister is我比我的妹妹大两岁 farther和further 两者都可以用来表示距离上的“更远”，但表示程度上“进一步”只能用further The cinema is farther down the road than I think 电影院在路上的另一端，比我想的还远 I was too tired to walk any further我累得再也走不动了 For further information, please contact us要进一步了解情况，请与我们联系 二、原级as……as结构 1.“as+形容词原级+as”表示双方在程度、特征等方面相等 He is as excited as his younger sister他和他妹妹一样激动 Basketball is as popular as football here在这儿篮球和足球一样受欢迎 2.“not+as/so+形容词原级+as”表示“.…..不如……” This room is not as/so big as that one这个房间不如那个大 Tom is not as/so old as you, is he?汤姆年级没有你大，是吗？ 3.当“as…..as”结构中出现名词时，常用“as+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+as”或“as+many/much+名词+as” Today is as busy a day as yesterday今天跟昨天一样忙 We have produced as many cars as we did last year我们生产的小汽车和去年一样多 随堂训练 一. 请写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级 1. bad ____________ ____________ 2. good ____________ ____________ 3. ill ____________ ____________ 4. far ____________ ____________ 5. many ____________ ____________ 6. little ____________ ____________ 7. few ____________ ____________ 8. much ____________ ____________ 1. worse, worst 2. better, best 3. worse, worst 4. farther/further, farthest/furthest5.more，most 6.less,least 7. fewer, fewest 8.more,most 二. 根据句意，填入形容词或副词的原级、比较级或最高级 1. I think my car is as _______________(nice)as yours. 2. Your MP5 is not so _______________(expensive)as his. 3. I am too tired to go any _______________(far). 4. There is _______________(little)water in this bottle than in that one. 5. Who has the _______________(many)books, Li Lei, Jim or Bruce? 6. Sue’s _______________(young)sister is a doctor. 7. The film is _______________(bad)than that one. 8. These days I was as _______________(busy)as a bee. 9. Which is _______________(good), apple, orange or banana? 10. My grandfather is _______________(old)in my family. 1. nice 2. expensive 3. farther 4. less 5. most 6. younger 7. worse 8. busy 9. best 10. the oldest 书面表达 本单元的话题是“发明”,要求学生根据提示介绍某项发明。该话题通常以说明文的形式出现,时态多为一般现在时;如果介绍发明过程,则要用一般过去时。此类文章通常涉及如下内容:①介绍某项发明的外在特征;②介绍某项发明的用途和特点;③介绍你对该项发明的评价或期望等。 假如你发明的“飞行自行车”在学校科技节中获奖,因此你被推荐参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请根据以下提示内容,用英语介绍你的发明,并表达你对该发明的评价和期望。 提示:1.外观——两个轮子(wheel),两只翅膀; 2.用途——可行驶于地面或空中,可拍照; 3.特点——速度快,使用太阳能(solar power),环保; 4.改进计划(自行发挥1—2点)。 注意:1.必须包含上述所有要点; 2.词数80以上(文章的开头已给出,不计入总词数)。 审题指导 1.体裁:说明文    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 必备词句:（1）on land 在陆地上　（2）in the air 在空中　（3）turn into 变成　（4）instead of 代替,而不是 （5）pollute the air 污染空气　（6）at the same time 同时　（7）in a shorter time 在更短的时间内　（8）fall in love with... 爱上…… （9）It can be used to take photos, too. 它还可以被用来拍照。（10）I think that lots of people will fall in love with it! 我觉得许多人都会爱上它!（11）because of 因为;由于　（12）fight against 与……作斗争　（13）She also thinks it is scientists' duty to fight for the health of all humans. 她还认为,为全人类的健康而奋斗是科学家们的职责。（13）Great inventions change the world. They help people live a better life. 伟大的发明改变世界。它们帮助人们过上更好的生活。（14）Can you imagine living a life without these inventions? 你能想象没有这些发明的生活吗?（15）We never know what will happen in the future! 我们永远不知道未来会发生什么! 写作模版 优秀范文 　　My invention is a flying bike. It is fast, convenient and green! 　　The flying bike has two wheels and two wings. It can run on land and fly in the air. Speak “fly” to the bike, it will turn into a plane in 30 seconds. Then you can fly in the air. It can be used to take photos, too. Instead of petrol, the bike uses solar power, so it will not pollute the air. I will add a seat at the back of it so that it can carry two persons at the same time. My invention is useful. You can use it to go to farther places in a shorter time. I think that lots of people will fall in love with it! 随堂训练 1.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）近期，深圳华为公司推出了一款三折叠手机，配上魔性台词：“怎么叠，都有面”，让这款手机迅速火出了圈。智能手机在给我们带来便利的同时，也造成了一些问题。请根据表格的内容，以“How to use smart phones properly”为题写一篇作文。 优点 1.就像一台电脑，可以做很多事情， 例如：听音乐和发送电子邮件。 2.与家人朋友聊天。 3. ……(请你补充至少 1 个优点) 缺点 1.玩手机游戏过多，不愿意学习。 2.长期使用手机导致健康问题。 3.……(请你补充至少 1 个缺点) 建议 1.控制使用手机的时间。 2.……(请你补充至少 1 条建议) 要求： 1. 80词左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数内)； 2. 作文必须包括所有内容要点，可以适当发挥，使短文连贯； 3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 How to use smart phones properly? Nowadays, nearly everyone has a smart phone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 How to use smart phones properly? Nowadays, nearly everyone has a smart phone. Smart phones have many advantages. Just like a computer, we can do a great deal of things on them, such as listening to music and sending e-mails. Also, we can chat with our family and friends. Moreover, we can use it to learn knowledge, like watching educational videos or reading e-books. However, smart phones also bring some problems. Too much time on mobile games makes people unwilling to study. Long-term use can lead to health problems, such as poor eyesight. Besides, some people rely too much on smart phones and lack face-to-face communication skills. To use smart phones properly, we should control the time of using them. In addition, we should not use smart phones when we are studying or working. And we can take part in more outdoor activities instead of always looking at our phones. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图。根据文章已给出的开头，引出主题； 第二步，具体阐述使用智能手机的优点和缺点； 第三步，提出针对使用手机自己的建议。 [亮点词汇] ①such as例如 ②chat with sb和某人交谈 ③lead to导致 ④In addition另外 ⑤take part in参加 [高分句型] In addition, we should not use smart phones when we are studying or working. (when引导的时间状语从句) 2.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）假如你是李华，在一所国际学校就读。请根据以下表格的提示，写一篇演讲稿，讲述你的经历。 曾经的我 不吃不喝不睡整天打电脑游戏，进了医院。 得到的帮助 父母参加了校长的讲座，家校合作；专家给我建议……（自行补充一点） 现在的我 更多地进行户外活动； 意识到了电脑可以用来做各种有益的事，比如……（自行补充两点） 要求： 1．语言通顺，逻辑清晰，字迹工整。 2．必须包括表格中所给的提示信息，可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯。 3．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名。 4．词数：不少于80词。 参考词：合作：cooperate  专家：expert Good afternoon, everyone! I am Li Hua. Today I want to share my story with you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】例文 Good afternoon, everyone! I am Li Hua. Today I want to share my story with you. I used to be crazy about computer games. I played them all day without eating, drinking or sleeping. As a result, I was in such a poor physical condition that I ended up in the hospital. My parents were very worried and attended a lecture by our principal about home-school cooperation. Experts gave me some advice. They advised me to set a daily schedule and find new hobbies. With their support, I started doing more outdoor activities like playing football and climbing mountains. I also realized that computers can be used for many useful things, such as learning new languages and researching interesting topics. Now, I have a healthier lifestyle and I can use my computer wisely. I am grateful for the help and guidance from my family, school, and the experts. That’s all. Thank you. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：时态用“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已经给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点中的省略部分；注意适当发挥，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作主旨； 第二步，讲述曾经的自己是什么样的； 第三步，讲述自己得到的帮助； 第四步，介绍现在的自己是什么样的，并书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 ②advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 ③such as 例如 [高分句型] ①As a result, I was in such a poor physical condition that I ended up in the hospital. （such...that引导的结果状语从句） ②I also realized that computers can be used for many useful things, such as learning new languages and researching interesting topics.（宾语从句） 3.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）发明改变了世界，改变了人们的生活。因为各种各样的发明，我们的生活变得越来越舒适与便捷。假设你是李华，最近你和同学在校园里做了一项关于“我最喜爱的发明”的调查，请你写一篇英语短文，报告此次调查的结果，并谈谈你心目中最喜爱的发明是什么及其原因，短文需包括以下要点： 发明 电脑 手机 小汽车 空调 比例 45% 32% 13 % 10% 原因 可以做很多重要的事情 与朋友们聊天 随时随地出行 使温度适宜 你的想法 请补充1—2点 要求： 1.约80词左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数； 2.可适当发挥，但要注意语言通顺，流畅，准确； 3.不得透露班级、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 There are many inventions in history and some of them have greatly changed the world. Recently, we did a survey on “What’s your favorite invention” in our school, and here is the result. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 There are many inventions in history and some of them have greatly changed the world. Recently, we did a survey on “What’s your favorite invention” in our school, and here is the result. 45% of the students like computers best because they can do many important things. 32% of the students choose mobile phones. They think they can chat with friends anywhere and anytime. 13% of the students like cars as they can go out conveniently. And 10% of the students prefer air-conditioners which can make the temperature suitable. As for me, my favorite invention is the Internet. First, it provides a large amount of information for us to learn knowledge. Second, it makes communication around the world much easier. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：一般现在时为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点，并适当添加细节，突出重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍调查结果； 第二步，介绍你的想法。 [亮点词汇] ①chat with和……聊天 ②conveniently便利地 ③provides提供 [高分句型] And 10% of the students prefer air-conditioners which can make the temperature suitable.（定语从句） 4.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）最近出现了许多手机买菜应用软件（application）。对于许多人来说，去超市买菜，备菜是一件耗时耗力的事，而手机买菜app给我们带来了许多便利。假如你是李华，请你以“Online grocery apps”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍手机买菜app带来的便利，让外国人民了解我们生活中的这个新变化。 要点提示： 买菜app的特点 1. 菜品丰富； 2. 可以洗净配好； 3. 预约送菜上门； 4.  (补充一点)。 对生活的影响 1.比起传统购物，更节省时间； 2.（补充一点） 要求： 1. 必须包含以上所有提示内容，可适当发挥，条理清楚，语意连贯； 2. 80 词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。 参考词汇：order 订购； pack 包装 打包；convenience 便利 Online grocery apps Online grocery apps are popular these days. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Online grocery apps Online grocery apps are popular these days. For people who are busy at work, preparing meals is tiring because they may have to spend hours getting everything ready for cooking. Now in China, online grocery apps are here to help. Online grocery apps bring us convenience. They provide us with meat, fish and vegetables, almost everything we need for a meal. Also, we can order whenever we like and decide on the time for them to arrive. If we like, vegetables and meat can be washed, cut and packed for a certain dish. Besides, some online grocery apps can even teach us cooking skills, which makes cooking easier. Compared with the traditional way of going to the market, online grocery apps save our time and energy. With such a new use of the mobile phone, we can enjoy a more relaxing life. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏“表格”中需自己补充的内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，承接开头，介绍人们买菜的现状，引入主题； 第二步，具体介绍买菜应用的特点； 第三步，说明买菜应用的好处和对生活的影响。 [亮点词汇] ①provide sb with sth为某人提供某物 ②get sth ready准备好某物 ③Compared with...与……相比 [高分句型] ①For people who are busy at work, preparing meals is tiring because they may have to spend hours getting everything ready for cooking.（who引导的定语从句，动名词作主语，because引导的原因状语从句） ② If we like, vegetables and meat can be washed, cut and packed for a certain dish.（if引导的条件状语从句，含情态动词的被动语态） 5.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）现在，几乎人人都拥有智能手机（smart phone）。智能手机在带给我们便利的同时，也造成了一些问题。请根据表格的内容，以“How to use smart phones properly?（合理地）”为题写一篇短文。 要求：（1）词数：80词左右； （2）短文须包括所有内容要点，可以适当发挥，使短文连贯，通顺； （3）不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 （4）句子开头已给出，不计入总词数。 优点 1. 就像一台电脑，可以做很多事情，例如：看视频、发送信息和图片，等等。 2. 与家人朋友保持联系。 3. ……（请你补充至少1个优点） 缺点 1. 玩手机游戏过多，不愿意学习。 2. 长期使用手机导致健康问题。 3. ……（请你补充至少1个缺点） 建议 1. ……（请你补充至少1个建议） How to use smart phones properly? Nowadays, nearly everyone has a smart phone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： How to use smart phones properly? Nowadays, nearly everyone has a smart phone. It makes our life more convenient, but it also causes some problems.      On one hand, there are some advantages. A smart phone is like a computer. It can do many things, such as watching videos, sending messages and pictures, and so on. Besides, it is convenient for us to keep in touch with family members and friends. What’s more, we can have online classes with a smart phone.      On the other hand, there are some disadvantages. Some students spend too much time playing phone games instead of studying. It is bad for their health and study. In addition, people talk less to others when they use their phones for too long.      How to use smart phones properly? In my opinion, we should control the time of using it. Also, we should take a rest and do some exercise after using it for half an hour. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应根据提示要点进行书面表达，不要遗漏要点，可适当发挥。应能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等，清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图，引出话题； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。阐述智能手机的优点和缺点等方面的具体详情。 第三步，书写结语。提出智能手机的使用建议。 [亮点词汇] ①watch videos观看视频 ②send messages发送信息 ③keep in touch with与……保持联系 ④take a rest休息一下 [高分句型] ①In addition, people talk less to others when they use their phones for too long. (When引导的时间状语从句) ②Besides, it is convenient for us to keep in touch with family members and friends. (it作形式主语) 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 重点语法、书面表达背默及训练 Unit1 Look it up! 语法 一．any & some和复合不定代词 1. some ①some 意为“一些”，常用于肯定句，指不确定的数量或数目，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词 I have some questions to ask. 我要问一些问题 There is some water in the bottle 瓶子里有一些水 ②在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答、想要鼓励对方或表达请求、建议时，也可以用some Would you like some banana? 你想要些香蕉吗？ Could you give me some money? 你能给我一些钱吗？ 2. any ①意为“一些”时，用于否定句或一般疑问句。 ※注意：hardly, never, seldom等具有否定意义的词后面要用any ---Have you any bookmarks? 你有书签吗？ ---No, I don’t have any bookmarks 不，我没有 I hardly had any time to have a rest 我几乎没有时间休息 ②any用于肯定句时，通常要重读，意为“任何”，修饰单数可数名词和不可数名词 Any time you want me, just send for me什么时候你需要我，随时叫我来 Come any day you like只要你喜欢，随时可以来 二、复合不定代词 1.常用复合不定代词 something某事物 somebody某人 someone某人 anything某事/任何事 anybody某人/任何人 anyone某人/任何人 everything每件事物 everybody每个人 everyone任何人 nothing没有东西 nobody没有人 no one没有人 2. 复合不定代词用法 ①复合不定代词后面的动词用第三人称单数形式 There is someone on the phone for you有人给你打电话 Everyone is busy and can not go to the party每个人都忙而不能去参加聚会 ②形容词或不定式修饰复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等时，通常要放在不定代词的后面 something important某件重要的事 anything interesting任何有趣的事 nothing exciting没有令人兴奋的事 Is there anything important in today’s paper? 今天报上有什么重要的消息吗？ ③当主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everybody, nobody, anybody等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they, 在正式文体中也可以用he Everyone is here, aren’t they / isn’t he? 每个人都到了，是吗？ 当主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything, something, anything, nothing等时，其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切准备好了，是吗？ ④与no-构成的复合不定代词本身就是否定意义，所以一定要与肯定的动词连用 Nobody likes to get into trouble没有谁愿意惹麻烦 not与由every-构成的复合不定代词是部分否定，意为“并非都；不都” I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with everything 我同意你所说的大部分，但不是全部 3.复合不定代词辨析 ①somebody / someone / something 用于肯定句 There is somebody / someone waiting outside外面有人在等你 There is something wrong with my bike我的自行车出了点毛病 在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答、想要鼓励对方给予肯定答复或表达请求、建议时，也可以用 Can somebody / someone help me? 有人能帮我吗？ Do you want something to drink? = Would you like something to drink? 你想来点喝的吗？ ②anybody / anyone / anything 用于否定句或一般疑问句。注意：当肯定句中有hardly, never, seldom等具有否定意义的词时，要使用anybody, anyone或anything Did anybody come here while I was away? 当我离开时有人来这儿吗？ He doesn’t like anything I do or say他不喜欢我做得或说得任何事 He can hardly see anything before the operation在手术前他几乎看不到任何东西 Hardly anybody came to the meeting几乎没人来参加会议 ③nobody / no one / nothing 用于句中表示否定意义。nobody = not anybody nothing = not anything 注意：如果需要用一个否定词来做句子的开头，那么就必须用nothing / nobody / no one,而不能用not…anything / anyone / anybody I saw nobody / no one / nothing = I didn’t see anybody / anyone / anything 我没看到人/东西 随堂训练 一. 用some或any填空 1. There are _______________ pencils here, but there aren’t _______________ rubbers here. 2. Does John have _______________ brothers or sisters? 3. They don’t have _______________ time to finish the job. 4. Would you like _______________ water? 5. Can I ask _______________ questions? 6.There are many story books,you can choose _______________ one. 二．.选用some或any 填空 1.Peter didn’t eat 　　　food because he’s ill.  2.—Would you like 　　　tea? —No, I’d like 　　　water.  3.Do we need to buy 　　　tomatoes?  4.—Is there 　　　orange juice in the fridge?  —No, there isn’t 　　　orange juice in the fridge. We need to buy 　　　.  三. 用适合的复合不定代词填空 1. The girl was too shy. She didn’t talk to _______________ that night. 2. This is a secret. You mustn’t tell _______________. 3. At first, it was very quiet. Later, _______________ began to cough. 4. The question was so difficult that _______________ could answer it. 5. The foreigner was shouting. But _______________ knew what he was talking about. 6. What’s on TV tonight? Is there _______________ interesting? 7. Can I have _______________ to drink, please? 8. These questions are too difficult. I think _______________ can answer them. 9. Kitty is sitting alone. She isn’t with _______________. 10. You can buy a lot of things with money, but not _______________. 书面表达 本单元的主题是“百科全书”,写作任务是创作一个百科词条介绍一位名人。常见的写作话题有:①介绍著名的科学家、艺术家、运动员等的基本信息;②介绍名人的生平事迹。 　　中考书面表达中和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以说明文或应用文的形式出现,常见的应用文类型有回复邮件或信件、给校报或网站投稿、根据思维导图或表格内容介绍人物。 写作实例 　　请根据提示以“Madame Curie”为题,写一篇80—100词的英语短文。 　　内容: 1.居里夫人(1867—1934)是世界闻名的科学家; 2.她从小就酷爱读书,16岁中学毕业,24岁赴法国巴黎(Paris)的大学学习。在学校时,她学习刻苦努力; 3.她一生致力于科学研究,于1903年、1911年分别获得诺贝尔物理学奖和化学奖(the Nobel Prize in Physics/Chemistry); 4.她作为一名伟大的女性将永远被人们铭记。 审题指导 1.体裁:说明文    2.时态:以一般过去时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 4.必备词句:（1）all over the world 全世界　（2）at the age of... 在……岁时　（3）devote one’s entire life to 一生致力于（4）the Nobel Prize诺贝尔奖（5）achieve such success 取得这样的成功（6）Madame Curie will always be remembered as a great woman.人们将永远铭记居里夫人是一位伟大的女性。（7）find out 查明　（8）work on 从事　（9）give up 放弃　（10）not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… （11）be afraid of... 害怕……（12）He is known as the Father of Modern Biology. 他被誉为现代生物学之父。 （12）He set a good example for them and often communicated with them.他为他们树立了好榜样,并经常与他们交流。 写作模版 随堂训练 假如你是李华,请根据以下提示,用英文写一篇关于我国著名女科学家屠呦呦的短文并谈谈你的感受。 　　1.屠呦呦1930年出生在宁波,她因发现青蒿素而闻名; 2.青蒿素能有效对抗疟疾——一种很严重的疾病; 3.历经190次失败后,她在中草药中发现了青蒿素,这种药拯救了数百万人的生命; 4.2015年,她获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖;5.你认为…… 　　参考词汇:草药herb;青蒿素qinghaosu;疟疾malaria;有效地effectively;对抗fight;诺贝尔生理学或医学奖the Nobel Prize inPhysiology or Medicine 　　要求:词数为80—100(开头已给出,不计入总词数)。 Unit2 Amazing numbers 语法 一、基数词 1.1～12的基数词有各自独立的单词 1 one 5 five 9 nine 2 two 6 six 10 ten 3 three 7 seven 11 eleven 4 four 8 eight 12 twelve 2.13～19基数词以-teen结尾 13 thirteen 16 sixteen 19 nineteen 14 fourteen 17 seventeen 注意13,15,18的写法 15 fifteen 18 eighteen 3.20～90等整10基数词以-ty结尾 20 twenty 50 fifty 80 eighty 30 thirty 60 sixty 90 ninety 40 forty 70 seventy 注意13,15,18的写法 4.21～99之间非整10基数词是在十位数和个位数之间加连字符“_”构成 21 twenty-one 54 fifty-four 32 thirty-two 66 sixty-six 43 forty-three 99 ninety-nine 5.101～999的基数词 256 two hundred and fifty-six 108 one hundred and eight 839 eight hundred and thirty-nine 987 nine hundred and eighty-seven 二、序数词 1.1～3的序数词为特定的独立单词 英文 汉语 简写 First 第一 1st Second 第二 2nd third 第三 3rd 2.4～19的序数词基本是在相应的基数词后加-th 英文 汉语 简写 英文 汉语 简写 fourth 第四 4th twelfth 第十二 12th fifth 第五 5th thirteenth 第十三 13th sixth 第六 6th fourteenth 第十四 14th seventh 第七 7th fifteenth 第十五 15th eighth 第八 8th sixteenth 第十六 16th ninth 第九 9th seventeenth 第十七 17th tenth 第十 10th eighteenth 第十八 18th eleventh 第十一 11th nineteenth 第十九 19th 3.20～90的整10的序数词是将相应的基数词结尾y变为-ie,再加-th 英文 汉语 简写 英文 汉语 简写 twentieth 第二十 20th sixtieth 第六十 60th thirtieth 第三十 30th seventieth 第七十 70th fortieth 第四十 40th eightieth 第八十 80th fiftieth 第五十 50th ninetieth 第九十 90th 4.21～99的非整10序数词只将个位数变为序数词，十位数扔用基数词 英文 汉语 简写 英文 汉语 简写 twenty-first 第二十一 21st twenty-third 第二十三 23rd twenty-second 第二十二 22nd ninety-ninth 第九十九 99th 5.100和100以上的序数词 第100为100th（读作one hundredth），第101为101st（读作one hundred and first） 其他的以此类推 ※考点 1.时刻：9:00 nine o’clock 9:15 a quarter past nine 9:30 half past nine 9:45 a quarter to ten 2.日期：the tenth of July = July 10th 7月10日 3.年份：in nineteen ninety-nine 在1999年 in two thousand and fifteen 在2015年 4.年代：in the 1960s = in the 1960’s 在20世纪60年代 5.世纪：in the twenty-first century = in the 21st century 在21世纪 6.年龄：she is seven 她7岁 in one’s thirties 在某人三十几岁时 7.事物编号：lesson one第一课 World War Ⅱ 第二次世界大战 Room two zero nine 209房间 Bus No.10 10路公共汽车 8.算术式的表达方法 ①4+8=12 Four plus eight is twelve = Four and eight is twelve = Four added to eight is twelve ②11-7=4 Eleven minus seven is four = Seven subtracted from eleven is four ③6×5=30 Six times five is thirty = Six multiplied by five is thirty ④20÷5=4 Twenty divided by five is four = Divide twenty by five is four ※注意： 对算术式提问时用how much或what。 How much / What is four plus eight? 等于号用is, is equal to或equals表达 One and one is two = One and one is equal to two = One and one equals two 随堂训练 一．根据括号内的词，在空白处填入恰当的词(不能填入阿拉伯数字) 1. I think the _______________(two)unit is the most difficult in this book. 2. _______________(thousand)of people are losing jobs and only _______________(hundred)of them find jobs. 3. I live in _______________(三栋). Welcome to my home. 4. Jack’s great-grandpa was born in _______________(十九世纪). 5. We have tried _______________(两次), but we will try _______________(再一次). 二．翻译下列句子 1. 5 + 6 = 11 ______________________________________________________________ 2. 12 - 8 = 4 ______________________________________________________________ 3. 2 × 3 = 6 ______________________________________________________________ 4. 20 ÷ 10 = 2 ______________________________________________________________ 5. 5+5=? ______________________________________________________________ 三.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.He took part in the Olympic Games in his 　　　(forty)and won a medal. 2.September is the 　　　(nine) month of the year.  3.If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the 　　　(one) square of the chessboard.  4.China was the 　　　(five)country to launch a man-made satellite in the world. 5.This nature reserve is home to more than eight 　　　(hundred) kinds of animals and plants.  四.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.现在已经7:45了,我们现在再不走就赶不上飞机了。 It’s a 　　　 　　　eight now. We’ll miss the plane if we don’t leave now.  2.每年,数百万的游客来北京参观长城。 　　　 　　　 tourists come to Beijing to visit the Great Wall every year.  3.中国人民解放军在1927年8月1日成立。 The People’s Liberation Army of China was established(成立) on August 　　　, 1927.  书面表达 本单元的话题是“神奇的数字”,要求学生能够运用所学的词汇及句型来撰写与数字相关的文章。该话题常以说明文或议论文的形式呈现,主要写作时态为一般现在时,在特定情境下可能涉及一般过去时。常见的写作维度有:①描述数字的日常应用(如人口统计、科学测量中的数字运用等);②解析数字的特殊意义(如介绍幸运数字的文化内涵等);③探讨数字背后的逻辑(如分析数据增长趋势等)。写作时需注意数据描述的准确性,可通过举例、对比等手法增强文章说服力。写作实例 　 　请以“我们日常生活中的数字”为题,写一篇英语短文。 内容提示:1.你认为数字在我们的日常生活中重要吗?2.在日常生活中,我们什么时候会用到数字? 3.假如我们的生活中没有了数字,那会是怎样的呢? 写作要求:80词左右,必须涵盖所有内容提示,可适当发挥。 审题指导 体裁:材料作文    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 必备词句 （1）solve problems 解决问题　（2）in a mess 一团糟（3）it will be difficult for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事将是困难的　（4）That’s why numbers are so important that we can’t live without them. 这就是为什么数字如此重要,以至于我们生活不能没有它们。（5）survey 调查　（6）the number of ……的数量　（7）At the beginning, the idiom “three in the morning and four in the evening” shows that someone fools others by playing tricks. 起初,“朝三暮四”这个成语表明有人通过耍花招来欺骗他人。　（8）The floor above the ground floor is the first floor, but Americans would call it the second floor. 位于底层上方的那一层是一楼,但在美国人那里,这会被称作二楼。　（9）In the developed countries of Europe and North America, the population is growing slowly. 在欧洲和北美洲的发达国家,人口增长缓慢。　（10）Let’s see some of the lucky and unlucky numbers across the world. 让我们来看看世界各地的一些幸运数字和不幸运数字。 写作模版 Numbers in our daily life Unit3 Our digital lives 语法 一、形容词比较等级的规则变化 类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er, -est tall高的 taller tallest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，变y为i，再加-er, -est easy容易的 busy忙的 happy高兴的 easier busier happier easiest busiest happiest 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的单音节词或少数双音节词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er, -est big大的 hot热的 thin瘦的 fat胖的 bigger hotter thinner fatter biggest hottest thinnest fattest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前加more, most important重要的 more important most important 二、形容词比较级的用法 1.“形容词比较级+than”表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况，意为“.…..高于或低于……” Anna is taller than Suan安娜比苏珊高 He made fewer mistakes than you他出的错比你少 2.“形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级”表示事物本身程度的逐渐变化，意为“越来越……” The day is getting longer and longer白天正变得越来越长 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful我们的国家正变得越来越美丽 3.“the+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级”常表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意为“越……，就越……” The higher the ground is, the thinner the air becomes地势越高，空气就越稀薄 The more difficult the problem is, the more careful we should be 问题越南，我们就应越仔细 4.形容词的比较级前可以用a little, a bit, a lot, much, even, far等表示程度的副词修饰 The giraffe is much taller than the deer长颈鹿比鹿高多了 Yesterday was a little colder than today昨天比今天冷一点儿 三、形容词最高级的用法 1.“the+形容词最高级（+名词）+表示比较范围的短语或从句”意为“在……中是最……的” ※注意：最高级比较范围为一定的地域空间时用in，如果在同一类事物范围内比较用of Tom is the tallest boy in his class汤姆在他们班是个子最高的孩子 He is the youngest child of all his classmates 他在他所有的同班同学中是年级最小的 This is the best film that I have ever seen这是我看过的最好看的电影 2.“one of the +形容词最高级+复数可数名词”表示“最……的……之一” Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China上海是中国最大的城市之一 ※注意：最高级前有序数词、物主代词时，不用the He is my best friend他是我最好的朋友 Hainan is China’s second largest island海南是中国第二大岛 随堂训练 一. 请写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级 1. tiny ____________ ____________ 2. large ____________ ____________ 3. fat ____________ ____________ 4. many ____________ ____________ 5. slow ____________ ____________ 6. expensive ____________ ____________ 7. heavy ____________ ____________ 8. clever ____________ ____________ 9. busy ____________ ____________ 10. nice ____________ ____________ 二. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Li Lei is the _______________(tall)student in our class. 2. Lucy is _______________(fat)than Kate. 3. My brother is much _______________(young)than you. 4. This box is the _______________(heavy)of the three. 5. Unit One is much _______________(easy)than Unit Two. 6. I think Maths is the _______________(difficult)subject of all. 7. Winter is the _______________(cold)season of the year. 8. This street is _______________(narrow)than that one. 9. Who is _______________(busy), you or I? 10. Kate is one of the _______________(clever)girls in her class. 三.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.Now computers are becoming 　　　(small) and better. 2.—What will the future be like? —Cities will be 　　　　　　(beautiful).  3.The Mona Lisa is one of 　　　　　　(famous) paintings in the world.  4.It’s said that in the future there will be longer summers and (short)winters than before. 5.The more you exercise, the 　　　(health) you will be. 书面表达 本单元的主题是“我们的数字生活”,写作任务是讨论你对互联网的看法。常见的写作话题有:①介绍互联网带来的影响;②介绍我们应该怎么正确使用互联网;③介绍我们的数字生活。 　　中考书面表达中和该话题有关的命题形式有很多,通常以议论文或应用文的形式出现,常见的应用文种类有回复邮件或信件、给校报或网站投稿、写演讲稿等。写作实例 　　 随着科技的进步,网络走进了学生们的生活,但它带给学生们巨大便利的同时,也有不利的一面。请根据提示介绍网络的优势和弊端,并且给出使用建议。要求:80词以上。 　　提示: Advantages Disadvantages 1.带来方便; 1.沉迷于聊天与游戏; 2.可以作为学习的工具; 2.对视力有害; …… …… 参考词汇:convenience, come into one's life, become addicted to (沉迷于……) 审题指导 1.体裁:议论文    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 必备词句:（1）bring sb. sth. 带给某人某物　（2）not only...but also... 不仅……而且……　（3）become addicted to 沉迷于……（4）it is harmful for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事有害   （5）be bad for对……有害 （6）It is clear that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.显然,互联网既有利也有弊。①have a long way to go 任重道远　（7）enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事　（8）make the biggest difference 起最大的作用　（9）lead to 导致;造成　（10）play an important role in 在……中扮演重要角色 （11）Social media has its positive aspects, but it can also bring some problems. 社交媒体有其积极的方面,但也会带来一些问题。 写作模版 Unit4 Inventions 语法 一、形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well（好的） better (the)best many/much（多的） more (the)most bad/ill（坏的） worse (the)worst little（少的） less (the)least far（远的） farther/further (the)farthest (the)furthest old（老的，旧的） elder/older (the)eldest (the)oldest ※注意： elder和older elder 表示家庭成员出生的先后顺序，但只能用于名词前，作定语，不能作表语 He is the elder twin of the two他是两个双胞胎较年长的那个 older既可以作定语，也可以作表语 The older generation doesn’t like pop music老一辈的人不喜欢流行音乐 I am two years older than my sister is我比我的妹妹大两岁 farther和further 两者都可以用来表示距离上的“更远”，但表示程度上“进一步”只能用further The cinema is farther down the road than I think 电影院在路上的另一端，比我想的还远 I was too tired to walk any further我累得再也走不动了 For further information, please contact us要进一步了解情况，请与我们联系 二、原级as……as结构 1.“as+形容词原级+as”表示双方在程度、特征等方面相等 He is as excited as his younger sister他和他妹妹一样激动 Basketball is as popular as football here在这儿篮球和足球一样受欢迎 2.“not+as/so+形容词原级+as”表示“.…..不如……” This room is not as/so big as that one这个房间不如那个大 Tom is not as/so old as you, is he?汤姆年级没有你大，是吗？ 3.当“as…..as”结构中出现名词时，常用“as+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+as”或“as+many/much+名词+as” Today is as busy a day as yesterday今天跟昨天一样忙 We have produced as many cars as we did last year我们生产的小汽车和去年一样多 随堂训练 一. 请写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级 1. bad ____________ ____________ 2. good ____________ ____________ 3. ill ____________ ____________ 4. far ____________ ____________ 5. many ____________ ____________ 6. little ____________ ____________ 7. few ____________ ____________ 8. much ____________ ____________ 二. 根据句意，填入形容词或副词的原级、比较级或最高级 1. I think my car is as _______________(nice)as yours. 2. Your MP5 is not so _______________(expensive)as his. 3. I am too tired to go any _______________(far). 4. There is _______________(little)water in this bottle than in that one. 5. Who has the _______________(many)books, Li Lei, Jim or Bruce? 6. Sue’s _______________(young)sister is a doctor. 7. The film is _______________(bad)than that one. 8. These days I was as _______________(busy)as a bee. 9. Which is _______________(good), apple, orange or banana? 10. My grandfather is _______________(old)in my family. 书面表达 本单元的话题是“发明”,要求学生根据提示介绍某项发明。该话题通常以说明文的形式出现,时态多为一般现在时;如果介绍发明过程,则要用一般过去时。此类文章通常涉及如下内容:①介绍某项发明的外在特征;②介绍某项发明的用途和特点;③介绍你对该项发明的评价或期望等。 假如你发明的“飞行自行车”在学校科技节中获奖,因此你被推荐参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请根据以下提示内容,用英语介绍你的发明,并表达你对该发明的评价和期望。 提示:1.外观——两个轮子(wheel),两只翅膀; 2.用途——可行驶于地面或空中,可拍照; 3.特点——速度快,使用太阳能(solar power),环保; 4.改进计划(自行发挥1—2点)。 注意:1.必须包含上述所有要点; 2.词数80以上(文章的开头已给出,不计入总词数)。 审题指导 1.体裁:说明文    2.时态:以一般现在时为主    3.人称:以第三人称为主 必备词句:（1）on land 在陆地上　（2）in the air 在空中　（3）turn into 变成　（4）instead of 代替,而不是 （5）pollute the air 污染空气　（6）at the same time 同时　（7）in a shorter time 在更短的时间内　（8）fall in love with... 爱上…… （9）It can be used to take photos, too. 它还可以被用来拍照。（10）I think that lots of people will fall in love with it! 我觉得许多人都会爱上它!（11）because of 因为;由于　（12）fight against 与……作斗争　（13）She also thinks it is scientists' duty to fight for the health of all humans. 她还认为,为全人类的健康而奋斗是科学家们的职责。（13）Great inventions change the world. They help people live a better life. 伟大的发明改变世界。它们帮助人们过上更好的生活。（14）Can you imagine living a life without these inventions? 你能想象没有这些发明的生活吗?（15）We never know what will happen in the future! 我们永远不知道未来会发生什么! 写作模版 随堂训练 1.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）近期，深圳华为公司推出了一款三折叠手机，配上魔性台词：“怎么叠，都有面”，让这款手机迅速火出了圈。智能手机在给我们带来便利的同时，也造成了一些问题。请根据表格的内容，以“How to use smart phones properly”为题写一篇作文。 优点 1.就像一台电脑，可以做很多事情， 例如：听音乐和发送电子邮件。 2.与家人朋友聊天。 3. ……(请你补充至少 1 个优点) 缺点 1.玩手机游戏过多，不愿意学习。 2.长期使用手机导致健康问题。 3.……(请你补充至少 1 个缺点) 建议 1.控制使用手机的时间。 2.……(请你补充至少 1 条建议) 要求： 1. 80词左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数内)； 2. 作文必须包括所有内容要点，可以适当发挥，使短文连贯； 3. 不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 How to use smart phones properly? Nowadays, nearly everyone has a smart phone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）假如你是李华，在一所国际学校就读。请根据以下表格的提示，写一篇演讲稿，讲述你的经历。 曾经的我 不吃不喝不睡整天打电脑游戏，进了医院。 得到的帮助 父母参加了校长的讲座，家校合作；专家给我建议……（自行补充一点） 现在的我 更多地进行户外活动； 意识到了电脑可以用来做各种有益的事，比如……（自行补充两点） 要求： 1．语言通顺，逻辑清晰，字迹工整。 2．必须包括表格中所给的提示信息，可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯。 3．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名。 4．词数：不少于80词。 参考词：合作：cooperate  专家：expert Good afternoon, everyone! I am Li Hua. Today I want to share my story with you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）发明改变了世界，改变了人们的生活。因为各种各样的发明，我们的生活变得越来越舒适与便捷。假设你是李华，最近你和同学在校园里做了一项关于“我最喜爱的发明”的调查，请你写一篇英语短文，报告此次调查的结果，并谈谈你心目中最喜爱的发明是什么及其原因，短文需包括以下要点： 发明 电脑 手机 小汽车 空调 比例 45% 32% 13 % 10% 原因 可以做很多重要的事情 与朋友们聊天 随时随地出行 使温度适宜 你的想法 请补充1—2点 要求： 1.约80词左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数； 2.可适当发挥，但要注意语言通顺，流畅，准确； 3.不得透露班级、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 There are many inventions in history and some of them have greatly changed the world. Recently, we did a survey on “What’s your favorite invention” in our school, and here is the result. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）最近出现了许多手机买菜应用软件（application）。对于许多人来说，去超市买菜，备菜是一件耗时耗力的事，而手机买菜app给我们带来了许多便利。假如你是李华，请你以“Online grocery apps”为题，写一篇英语短文，介绍手机买菜app带来的便利，让外国人民了解我们生活中的这个新变化。 要点提示： 买菜app的特点 1. 菜品丰富； 2. 可以洗净配好； 3. 预约送菜上门； 4.  (补充一点)。 对生活的影响 1.比起传统购物，更节省时间； 2.（补充一点） 要求： 1. 必须包含以上所有提示内容，可适当发挥，条理清楚，语意连贯； 2. 80 词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。 参考词汇：order 订购； pack 包装 打包；convenience 便利 Online grocery apps Online grocery apps are popular these days. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.（24-25八年级上·广东深圳·期中）现在，几乎人人都拥有智能手机（smart phone）。智能手机在带给我们便利的同时，也造成了一些问题。请根据表格的内容，以“How to use smart phones properly?（合理地）”为题写一篇短文。 要求：（1）词数：80词左右； （2）短文须包括所有内容要点，可以适当发挥，使短文连贯，通顺； （3）不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息，否则不予评分。 （4）句子开头已给出，不计入总词数。 优点 1. 就像一台电脑，可以做很多事情，例如：看视频、发送信息和图片，等等。 2. 与家人朋友保持联系。 3. ……（请你补充至少1个优点） 缺点 1. 玩手机游戏过多，不愿意学习。 2. 长期使用手机导致健康问题。 3. ……（请你补充至少1个缺点） 建议 1. ……（请你补充至少1个建议） How to use smart phones properly? Nowadays, nearly everyone has a smart phone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $