内容正文:
Unit 6 Wisdom counts
一、单元词汇
单词
1. author /'ɔ:θə(r)/ n. 作者;作家
2. remains /rɪ'meɪnz/ n. 遗迹;遗址
3. locate /ləʊ'keɪt/ v. 把…… 安置在(或建造于)
4. soldier /'səʊldʒə(r)/ n. 士兵
5. *captain /'kæptɪn/ n. 首领;领导者
6. empty /'empti/ adj. 空的
7. victory /'vɪktəri/ n. 胜利;成功
8. joke /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话;玩笑
9. midnight /'mɪdnaɪt/ n. 午夜
10. except /ɪk'sept/ prep. 除…… 之外
11. hide /haɪd/ v. 藏;隐蔽
12. secretly /'si:krətli/ adv. 秘密地
13. enter /'entə(r)/ v. 进来;进入
14. succeed /sək'si:d/ v. 达到目的;成功
15. *trick /trɪk/ n. 诡计
16. fight /faɪt/ v. 打仗;战斗
17. beat /bi:t/ v. 打败(某人);敲打
18. *pretend /prɪ'tend/ v. 假装;佯装
19. enemy /'enəmi/ n. 敌人
20. fail /feɪl/ v. 失败;未能(做到)
21. therefore /'ðeəfɔ:(r)/ adv. 因此;所以
22. within /wɪ'ðɪn/ prep. 在(某段时间)之内
23. fill /fɪl/ v.(使)充满;(使)装满
24. towards /tə'wɔ:dz/ prep. 向;朝;对着
25. attack /ə'tæk/ n. 袭击;攻击
26. fog /fɒg/ n. 雾
短语
1. 开……的玩笑 make jokes about
2. 在……方面成功 succeed in
3. 厌烦 be tired of
4. 上船 go on board
6. 嫉妒 be jealous of
7. 装满,充满 be full of
8. 接管 take over
9. 除……之外 except for
句型
1. It’s so big that they couldn’t take it with them.
它太大了,以至于他们无法带走。
2. Then they made sure all the gates of the city were locked, and went to bed.
随后他们确认城门已全部锁好,便去睡了。
3. By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.
到了午夜,主广场空荡荡的,除了那匹巨大的木马。
4. The Greeks spent ten years trying to take over the city of Troy.
希腊人花了十年时间试图占领特洛伊城。
5. In the end, they succeeded in capturing it in just one night with a clever trick—and without any fighting.
最终,他们巧施妙计,在短短一个晚上便成功将其攻取 —— 而且没有发生任何战斗。
6.In the early morning of the third day, he asked his soldiers to fill 20 large boats with straw men.
第三天清晨,他让士兵们用稻草人把 20 艘大船装满。
7. I have never been to Greece, but my cousin visited the country last year.
我从未去过希腊,但我表姐去年去了那个国家。
语法
现在完成时和一般过去时辨析
语音
重读和弱读
二、知识点精讲
知识点1:But the captain was no longer listening.但上尉已经不再听他说话了。(教材p84)
【详解】no longer 作副词短语,表示“不再,再也不”, 表示过去存在的状态、动作或情况现在已经停止或消失。
例句:He no longer works in this company. 他不再在这家公司工作了。
This mobile phone is no longer useful. 这部手机不再有用了。
no longer 和 not...any longer 都表示“不再,再也不”。
例句:She no longer lives here. 她不再住这里了。
= She does not live here any longer.
The old cinema is no longer there. 那家老电影院不在了。
= The old cinema is not there any longer.
知识点2:He looked down at the empty Greek camp and, beyond it, at the empty sea. 他低头看着空荡荡的希腊军营,再远处,是空荡荡的大海。(教材p84)
【详解】empty 作形容词,表示“空的”;其反义词是full,表示“满的”。
例句:The classroom is empty. 课室空了。
empty 作动词时,表示“倒空,腾空,掏空”。
例句: Please empty the trash cans before you leave. 请在离开之前把垃圾桶清空。
知识点3:It’s so big that they couldn’t take it with them. 它如此大了以致于他们带不走。(教材p84)
【详解】so + adj./adv. + that 表示“如此……以致于”。
例句:The bus was so crowded that he had to wait for the next one. 这辆公交车太拥挤了, 他不得不等下一辆。
She sang so beautifully that everyone stopped to listen. 她唱得那么好听,以致于大家都停下来聆听。
so that 表示“以致于”,强调动作的目的。
例句:I study hard so that I can get good grades. 我努力学习以便取得好成绩。
She saved money so that she could buy a new book. 她存钱是为了买一本新书。
知识点4:They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. 他们围着木马又唱又跳,还开愚蠢希腊人的玩笑。(教材p85)
【详解】joke 作可数名词,表示“玩笑,笑话”。常见词组有① make jokes about... 开……的玩笑;② play a joke on sb. 戏弄某人;③ tell jokes 开玩笑。
例句:Don’t make jokes about others’ appearance—it may hurt their feelings.
别拿别人的外貌开玩笑,可能会伤害他们的感情。
He played a joke on me by pretending to lose my phone.
他假装把我的手机弄丢了来戏弄我。
My grandfather always tells jokes to make us laugh.
我爷爷总是讲笑话逗我们笑。
知识点5:By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse. 到午夜时分,主广场空无一人,只剩下那匹巨大的木马。(教材p85)
【详解】except for 作介词短语,表示“除……之外”。
例句:The room is clean except for some dust on the desk. 房间很干净,除了书桌上有一些灰尘。
Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 你的作文写得很好,除了一些拼写错误。
except , except for 和besides的区别:
except
除……之外
排除关系,用于排除同类事物,强调从整体中减去一部分。
except for
除……之外
排除关系,用于排除不同类事物或修正整体细节。
besides
除……之外,还……
增添关系,其后的人或事物也包括在内。
例句:All the students passed the exam except Tom. 除了汤姆之外,所有学生都通过了考试。
The picture is perfect except for some colors. 这幅画很完美,除了有些色彩方面的问题。
Besides English, she also can speak French. 除了英语之外,她还会说法语。
知识点6:The Greeks spent ten years trying to take over the city of Troy. 希腊人花了十年时间努力去占领特洛伊城。(教材p85)
【详解1】spend time/money (in) doing sth. 作动词短语,表示“花时间/金钱在做某事上”。spend time/money on sth. 表示“花花时间/金钱在某事上”。
例句:I spent two hours (in) doing my math homework yesterday. 昨天我花了两小时做数学作业。
We spent 500 yuan on the birthday gift. 我们花了500元买生日礼物。
【详解2】try to do sth. 作动词短语,表示“努力做某事”, 侧重于尽力去做,强调主观努力。
例句:He tried to climb the mountain alone. 他努力去独自爬山。
We must try to arrive at the station before 8 o’clock. 我们必须尽力在 8 点前到达车站。
try的词组还有:
① try doing 表示“尝试做某事”,侧重于试探性地做某事,看结果如何。
例句:I tried solving the math problem in a different way. 我尝试用不同的方法解这道数学题。
She tried cooking fish for the first time yesterday. 她昨天第一次尝试做鱼。
② try one’s best to do 表示“尽某人最大努力做某事”,侧重于全力以赴。
例句:I will try my best to help you with your English. 我会尽最大努力帮你学英语。
They tried their best to win the basketball match. 他们尽最大努力赢下这场篮球比赛。
知识点7:In the end, they succeeded in capturing it in just one night with a clever trick—and without any fighting. 最后,他们凭借一个巧妙的计谋,在仅仅一个晚上就成功夺取了它 —— 而且没有进行任何战斗。(教材p85)
【详解1】succeed in (doing) sth.,动词短语,表示“在……方面成功”。
例句:She succeeded in passing the math exam finally. 她最终成功通过了数学考试。
They succeeded in planting 100 trees last weekend. 上周末他们成功种植了100棵树。
succeed的常考同根词有:
① success n. 作可数名词时,表示“成功的人或事”;作不可数名词时,表示“成功”
② successful adj. 成功的
③ successfully adv. 成功地
例句:Hard work is the key to success. 努力是成功的关键。
He is a successful writer in our city. 他是我们城市一位成功的作家。
They finished the project successfully yesterday. 他们昨天成功完成了项目。
【详解2】fight 作动词,表示“打仗,战斗”。常用的词组有① fight against sb. 与…… 作战;② fight for/over sth. 为……而战。
例句:The soldiers fought against the enemy bravely in the war. 士兵们在战争中勇敢地与敌人作战。
They fought for freedom and equality all their lives. 他们一生都在为自由和平等而战。
知识点8:Zhou Yu was jealous of Zhuge Liang and wanted him to fail. 周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮,想让他失败。(教材p94)
【详解1】be jealous of 作形容词短语, 表示“对……嫉妒”。
例句:She is jealous of her sister’s new bicycle. 她羡慕姐姐的新自行车。
Don’t be jealous of others’ success—work hard for your own. 别嫉妒别人的成功,为自己的目标努力。
【详解2】fail 动词,表示“失败”。短语fail to do sth. ,表示“未能做某事”。
例句:He failed to catch the early bus this morning. 他今天早上没能赶上早班车。
The team failed to win the game because of the heavy rain. 由于大雨,队伍未能赢下比赛。
知识点9:In the early morning of the third day, he asked his soldiers to fill 20 large boats with straw men. 第三天清晨,他让士兵们把二十艘大船装满稻草人。(教材p94)
【详解】fill...with... 作动词短语,表示“用……填满……”。常与be full of互换。
例句:She filled the bottle with water. 她把瓶子装满了水。
The kids filled the box with toys. 孩子们把盒子装满了玩具。
...be filled with... 表示“……被……填满”
例句:The room is filled with the smell of flowers. 房间里充满了花香。
Her eyes were filled with tears when she heard the news. 她听到消息时眼里噙满了泪水。
三、语法点清单
现在完成时和一般过去时辨析
现在完成时
一般过去时
定义
强调过去发生或已经完成的动作
对现在造成的影响或结果。
只叙述过去发生的事情,
与现在无联系。
时间标志词
already, ever, just, yet, never, since, for, so far, in past years, recently等
yesterday, last, ago, just now, in 2024, this morning, back then等
例句:He finished his homework last night. 他昨晚完成了作业。(只陈述 “昨晚完成” 的事实,不强调 “现在作业是否交了 / 是否有剩余”。)
He has finished his homework. 他已经完成了作业。(暗示 “现在他可以休息了/作业不用再做了”)
四、语音清单
在重读音节中,元音的发音清晰且长。非重读音节中元音的发音不那么清晰且短。
读以下句子,注意划横线的音节要重读。
There’s a huge wooden horse outside the city.
At night, all the Trojans celebrated in the main square.
For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by fighting.
五、写作清单
写一篇关于智慧的短篇故事
1. 话题分析
本单元话题围绕“写一个关于智慧的短篇故事”展开,核心是创作一则体现智慧的短篇故事,需紧扣 “智慧” 这一主题,塑造有智慧的角色、设计因智慧推动的情节,让读者能感受到故事中智慧的体现与力量。
2. 写作内容
创作一篇关于智慧的短篇故事,可从经典故事(如特洛伊木马计)中汲取灵感,也可构思原创情节。要包含故事的背景(时间、地点等)、发展(开端、发展、高潮、结局的事件)以及结局(角色的行为与感受),用清晰的叙事和具体的情节展现智慧的作用。
3. 写作要点
1. Setting the scene(设定场景):交代故事的时间(如某个特殊时期)、地点(如某座城市、某个村庄)、天气(如炎热干燥的夏日、寒冷的冬日)以及角色(外貌、穿着、感受等,比如一位看起来充满智慧的老者,穿着朴素的长袍,眼神中透着沉稳)。
2. Introducing the conflict(引入冲突):提出故事的核心矛盾,像面临某个难题、困境或挑战,例如一群人被困在山洞里,需要想办法出去。
3. Presenting the wise idea(呈现智慧的想法):让角色想出一个体现智慧的办法,比如利用山洞里的回声判断出口方向。
4. Developing the action(推进情节):详细描述按照智慧想法行动的过程,中间可能遇到的小波折,如尝试过程中遇到碎石阻碍,但大家凭借智慧巧妙避开。
5. Reaching the climax(达到高潮):故事最紧张、关键的部分,通常是智慧想法发挥最大作用的时刻,比如在最后关头,依靠智慧成功解决了核心冲突。
6. Resolving the conflict(解决冲突):冲突因智慧而得到解决,交代解决后的状态,如大家成功走出山洞,安全脱险。
7. Describing characters' feelings(描述角色感受):说明角色在冲突解决前后的感受,从最初的焦虑、困惑到后来的喜悦、自豪。
8. Concluding with a lesson about wisdom(以关于智慧的启示结尾):总结故事带来的关于智慧的感悟,如智慧能帮助人们克服困难,是宝贵的财富。
4. 写作思路提示
1. 可从生活中的小场景或经典历史、神话故事获取灵感,让故事更具真实感或趣味性,引发读者共鸣。
2. 梳理思路:先设定场景和引入冲突,接着呈现智慧想法并推进情节,再达到高潮、解决冲突,然后描述角色感受,最后给出关于智慧的启示,用连贯的叙事组织这些内容,使故事逻辑清晰。
5. 写作步骤详解
1. 构思: 选择体现智慧的核心方向,确定要展现的1 - 2个核心亮点(比如角色在绝境中凭借智慧自救以及智慧带来的团队凝聚力这两个亮点)。
2. 写作: 开头交代场景和冲突,然后按 “呈现智慧想法→推进情节→达到高潮→解决冲突→描述感受” 的顺序展开,每部分聚焦一个方面,让内容有条理。
3. 结尾: 简洁总结故事带来的关于智慧的启示,呼应主题,让故事收尾完整。
6. 词汇运用提示
1. 使用“ wise, clever, intelligent, wisdom, brilliant” 等描述智慧相关的词汇。
2. 使用“face, solve, overcome, figure out, manage” 等描述应对、解决问题相关的动词。
3. 使用“difficult, challenging, tough, critical, amazing” 等描述情况、感受特征的形容词。
7. 句型运用提示
1. 使用一般过去时讲述故事主体内容,若有总结性、启示性的话语,可适当使用一般现在时。
2. 运用连接词让逻辑紧密,如 “First, Then, Next, Finally, At last” 等,连接不同的情节部分。
8. 范例
开头场景与冲突:It was a dark and stormy night. A group of travelers were trapped in a old cabin, with the storm getting more and more fierce. They were all worried about how to survive the night.
呈现智慧想法:Suddenly, Tom, a boy with a sharp mind, had a clever idea. He suggested that they could use the wooden planks in the cabin to reinforce the windows and doors.
推进情节:Everyone followed his advice. They worked together, and though the storm kept beating against the cabin, they managed to make the cabin more secure step by step.
达到高潮:Just when a huge branch was about to hit the cabin, they finished reinforcing, and the branch bounced off harmlessly.
解决冲突:The storm eventually calmed down, and the travelers were safe in the reinforced cabin.
描述角色感受:At first, they were terrified, but after Tom's wise idea worked, they felt relieved and grateful.
结尾启示:This experience made them realize that wisdom can help people get through tough times.
9. 实战演练
假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Tom在昨天的电子邮件中告诉你,最近他对中国文化产生了浓厚的兴趣,希望你能给他介绍一些经典故事。请你根据下面所给内容,给Tom回复一封邮件,向他讲述“程门立雪”这一经典故事,并希望知道他对该故事主人公的看法。
要求:
(1)文章需要包括以上所给的内容,可以适当发挥,使全文连贯;
(2)文中不得出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息;
(3)100词左右(邮件的开头、结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。
Dear Tom,
I’m very happy that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. Well, let me tell you a famous one with the name “Waiting in the snow to meet Master Cheng respectfully”.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
【例文】
Dear Tom,
I’m very happy that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. Well, let me tell you a famous one with the name “Waiting in the snow to meet Master Cheng respectfully”.
Long long ago, there was a man called Yang Shi. Once he went to visit Master Cheng Yi with You Zuo. Unluckily, Cheng was sleeping in the room when they arrived. They didn’t want to wake up Cheng and waited outside. At that moment, there were flakes of snow flying over their heads and it was very cold but they still stood in the snow waiting. When Cheng woke up, the snow was very deep. They were standing in the thick snow like snowmen. Finally, Cheng was moved deeply.
What do you think of Yang Shi and You Zuo and what do you learn from the story?
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
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Unit 6 Wisdom counts
一、单元词汇
单词
1. _______ /'ɔ:θə(r)/ n. 作者;作家
2. _______ /rɪ'meɪnz/ n. 遗迹;遗址
3. ______ /ləʊ'keɪt/ v. 把…… 安置在(或建造于)
4. _______ /'səʊldʒə(r)/ n. 士兵
5. *_______ /'kæptɪn/ n. 首领;领导者
6. _______ /'empti/ adj. 空的
7. _______ /'vɪktəri/ n. 胜利;成功
8. _______ /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话;玩笑
9. _______ /'mɪdnaɪt/ n. 午夜
10. _______ /ɪk'sept/ prep. 除…… 之外
11. _______ /haɪd/ v. 藏;隐蔽
12. _______ /'si:krətli/ adv. 秘密地
13. _______ /'entə(r)/ v. 进来;进入
14. _______ /sək'si:d/ v. 达到目的;成功
15. *_______ /trɪk/ n. 诡计
16._______ /faɪt/ v. 打仗;战斗
17. _______ /bi:t/ v. 打败(某人);敲打
18. *_______ /prɪ'tend/ v. 假装;佯装
19. _______ /'enəmi/ n. 敌人
20. _______ /feɪl/ v. 失败;未能(做到)
21. _______ /'ðeəfɔ:(r)/ adv. 因此;所以
22. _______/wɪ'ðɪn/ prep. 在(某段时间)之内
23. _______ /fɪl/ v.(使)充满;(使)装满
24. _______ /tə'wɔ:dz/ prep. 向;朝;对着
25. _______ /ə'tæk/ n. 袭击;攻击
26. _______ /fɒg/ n. 雾
短语
1. 开……的玩笑 ___________
2. 在……方面成功 ___________
3. 厌烦 ___________
4. 上船 ___________
6. 嫉妒 ___________
7. 装满,充满___________
8. 接管 ___________
9. 除……之外 ___________
句型
1. It’s so big that they couldn’t take it with them.
它太大了,以至于他们无法带走。
2. Then they made sure all the gates of the city were locked, and went to bed.
随后他们确认城门已全部锁好,便去睡了。
3. By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse.
到了午夜,主广场空荡荡的,除了那匹巨大的木马。
4. The Greeks spent ten years trying to take over the city of Troy.
希腊人花了十年时间试图占领特洛伊城。
5. In the end, they succeeded in capturing it in just one night with a clever trick—and without any fighting.
最终,他们巧施妙计,在短短一个晚上便成功将其攻取 —— 而且没有发生任何战斗。
6.In the early morning of the third day, he asked his soldiers to fill 20 large boats with straw men.
第三天清晨,他让士兵们用稻草人把 20 艘大船装满。
7. I have never been to Greece, but my cousin visited the country last year.
我从未去过希腊,但我表姐去年去了那个国家。
语法
现在完成时和一般过去时辨析
语音
重读和弱读
二、知识点精讲
知识点1:But the captain was no longer listening.但上尉已经不再听他说话了。(教材p84)
【详解】no longer 作副词短语,表示“_______”, 表示过去存在的状态、动作或情况现在已经停止或消失。
例句:He no longer works in this company. 他不再在这家公司工作了。
This mobile phone is no longer useful. 这部手机不再有用了。
no longer 和 not...any longer 都表示“不再,再也不”。
例句:She no longer lives here. 她不再住这里了。
= She does not live here any longer.
The old cinema is no longer there. 那家老电影院不在了。
= The old cinema is not there any longer.
知识点2:He looked down at the empty Greek camp and, beyond it, at the empty sea. 他低头看着空荡荡的希腊军营,再远处,是空荡荡的大海。(教材p84)
【详解】empty 作形容词,表示“_______”;其反义词是full,表示“满的”。
例句:The classroom is empty. 课室空了。
empty 作动词时,表示“_______”。
例句: Please empty the trash cans before you leave. 请在离开之前把垃圾桶清空。
知识点3:It’s so big that they couldn’t take it with them. 它如此大了以致于他们带不走。(教材p84)
【详解】so + adj./adv. + that 表示“_______”。
例句:The bus was so crowded that he had to wait for the next one. 这辆公交车太拥挤了, 他不得不等下一辆。
She sang so beautifully that everyone stopped to listen. 她唱得那么好听,以致于大家都停下来聆听。
so that 表示“以致于”,强调动作的目的。
例句:I study hard so that I can get good grades. 我努力学习以便取得好成绩。
She saved money so that she could buy a new book. 她存钱是为了买一本新书。
知识点4:They sang and danced around the horse, and made jokes about the stupid Greeks. 他们围着木马又唱又跳,还开愚蠢希腊人的玩笑。(教材p85)
【详解】joke 作可数名词,表示“_______”。常见词组有① _______.. 开……的玩笑;② _______ 戏弄某人;③ _______ 开玩笑。
例句:Don’t make jokes about others’ appearance—it may hurt their feelings.
别拿别人的外貌开玩笑,可能会伤害他们的感情。
He played a joke on me by pretending to lose my phone.
他假装把我的手机弄丢了来戏弄我。
My grandfather always tells jokes to make us laugh.
我爷爷总是讲笑话逗我们笑。
知识点5:By midnight, the main square was empty, except for the huge horse. 到午夜时分,主广场空无一人,只剩下那匹巨大的木马。(教材p85)
【详解】except for 作介词短语,表示“除……之外”。
例句:The room is clean except for some dust on the desk. 房间很干净,除了书桌上有一些灰尘。
Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes. 你的作文写得很好,除了一些拼写错误。
except , except for 和besides的区别:
except
除……之外
_______关系,用于排除_____事物,强调从整体中减去一部分。
except for
除……之外
_______关系,用于排除_______事物或修正整体细节。
besides
除……之外,还……
_______关系,其后的人或事物也包括在内。
例句:All the students passed the exam except Tom. 除了汤姆之外,所有学生都通过了考试。
The picture is perfect except for some colors. 这幅画很完美,除了有些色彩方面的问题。
Besides English, she also can speak French. 除了英语之外,她还会说法语。
知识点6:The Greeks spent ten years trying to take over the city of Troy. 希腊人花了十年时间努力去占领特洛伊城。(教材p85)
【详解1】spend time/money (in) doing sth. 作动词短语,表示“花时间/金钱在做某事上”。spend time/money on sth. 表示“花花时间/金钱在某事上”。
例句:I spent two hours (in) doing my math homework yesterday. 昨天我花了两小时做数学作业。
We spent 500 yuan on the birthday gift. 我们花了500元买生日礼物。
【详解2】try to do sth. 作动词短语,表示“_______”, 侧重于尽力去做,强调主观努力。
例句:He tried to climb the mountain alone. 他努力去独自爬山。
We must try to arrive at the station before 8 o’clock. 我们必须尽力在 8 点前到达车站。
try的词组还有:
① try doing 表示“_______”,侧重于试探性地做某事,看结果如何。
例句:I tried solving the math problem in a different way. 我尝试用不同的方法解这道数学题。
She tried cooking fish for the first time yesterday. 她昨天第一次尝试做鱼。
② try one’s best to do 表示“_______”,侧重于全力以赴。
例句:I will try my best to help you with your English. 我会尽最大努力帮你学英语。
They tried their best to win the basketball match. 他们尽最大努力赢下这场篮球比赛。
知识点7:In the end, they succeeded in capturing it in just one night with a clever trick—and without any fighting. 最后,他们凭借一个巧妙的计谋,在仅仅一个晚上就成功夺取了它 —— 而且没有进行任何战斗。(教材p85)
【详解1】succeed in (doing) sth.,动词短语,表示“在……方面成功”。
例句:She succeeded in passing the math exam finally. 她最终成功通过了数学考试。
They succeeded in planting 100 trees last weekend. 上周末他们成功种植了100棵树。
succeed的常考同根词有:
① success n. 作可数名词时,表示“成功的人或事”;作不可数名词时,表示“成功”
② successful adj. 成功的
③ successfully adv. 成功地
例句:Hard work is the key to success. 努力是成功的关键。
He is a successful writer in our city. 他是我们城市一位成功的作家。
They finished the project successfully yesterday. 他们昨天成功完成了项目。
【详解2】fight 作动词,表示“打仗,战斗”。常用的词组有① _______ 与…… 作战;② _______ 为……而战。
例句:The soldiers fought against the enemy bravely in the war. 士兵们在战争中勇敢地与敌人作战。
They fought for freedom and equality all their lives. 他们一生都在为自由和平等而战。
知识点8:Zhou Yu was jealous of Zhuge Liang and wanted him to fail. 周瑜嫉妒诸葛亮,想让他失败。(教材p94)
【详解1】be jealous of 作形容词短语, 表示“对……嫉妒”。
例句:She is jealous of her sister’s new bicycle. 她羡慕姐姐的新自行车。
Don’t be jealous of others’ success—work hard for your own. 别嫉妒别人的成功,为自己的目标努力。
【详解2】fail 动词,表示“失败”。短语fail to do sth. ,表示“_______”。
例句:He failed to catch the early bus this morning. 他今天早上没能赶上早班车。
The team failed to win the game because of the heavy rain. 由于大雨,队伍未能赢下比赛。
知识点9:In the early morning of the third day, he asked his soldiers to fill 20 large boats with straw men. 第三天清晨,他让士兵们把二十艘大船装满稻草人。(教材p94)
【详解】fill...with... 作动词短语,表示“_______”。常与be full of互换。
例句:She filled the bottle with water. 她把瓶子装满了水。
The kids filled the box with toys. 孩子们把盒子装满了玩具。
...be filled with... 表示“_______”
例句:The room is filled with the smell of flowers. 房间里充满了花香。
Her eyes were filled with tears when she heard the news. 她听到消息时眼里噙满了泪水。
三、语法点清单
现在完成时和一般过去时辨析
现在完成时
一般过去时
定义
强调过去发生或已经完成的动作
_____________________
只叙述过去发生的事情,
与现在_______。
时间标志词
already, ever, just, yet, never, since, for, so far, in past years, recently等
yesterday, last, ago, just now, in 2024, this morning, back then等
例句:He finished his homework last night. 他昨晚完成了作业。(只陈述 “昨晚完成” 的事实,不强调 “现在作业是否交了 / 是否有剩余”。)
He has finished his homework. 他已经完成了作业。(暗示 “现在他可以休息了/作业不用再做了”)
四、语音清单
在重读音节中,元音的发音清晰且长。非重读音节中元音的发音不那么清晰且短。
读以下句子,注意划横线的音节要重读。
There’s a huge wooden horse outside the city.
At night, all the Trojans celebrated in the main square.
For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by fighting.
五、写作清单
写一篇关于智慧的短篇故事
1. 话题分析
本单元话题围绕“写一个关于智慧的短篇故事”展开,核心是创作一则体现智慧的短篇故事,需紧扣 “智慧” 这一主题,塑造有智慧的角色、设计因智慧推动的情节,让读者能感受到故事中智慧的体现与力量。
2. 写作内容
创作一篇关于智慧的短篇故事,可从经典故事(如特洛伊木马计)中汲取灵感,也可构思原创情节。要包含故事的背景(时间、地点等)、发展(开端、发展、高潮、结局的事件)以及结局(角色的行为与感受),用清晰的叙事和具体的情节展现智慧的作用。
3. 写作要点
1. Setting the scene(设定场景):交代故事的时间(如某个特殊时期)、地点(如某座城市、某个村庄)、天气(如炎热干燥的夏日、寒冷的冬日)以及角色(外貌、穿着、感受等,比如一位看起来充满智慧的老者,穿着朴素的长袍,眼神中透着沉稳)。
2. Introducing the conflict(引入冲突):提出故事的核心矛盾,像面临某个难题、困境或挑战,例如一群人被困在山洞里,需要想办法出去。
3. Presenting the wise idea(呈现智慧的想法):让角色想出一个体现智慧的办法,比如利用山洞里的回声判断出口方向。
4. Developing the action(推进情节):详细描述按照智慧想法行动的过程,中间可能遇到的小波折,如尝试过程中遇到碎石阻碍,但大家凭借智慧巧妙避开。
5. Reaching the climax(达到高潮):故事最紧张、关键的部分,通常是智慧想法发挥最大作用的时刻,比如在最后关头,依靠智慧成功解决了核心冲突。
6. Resolving the conflict(解决冲突):冲突因智慧而得到解决,交代解决后的状态,如大家成功走出山洞,安全脱险。
7. Describing characters' feelings(描述角色感受):说明角色在冲突解决前后的感受,从最初的焦虑、困惑到后来的喜悦、自豪。
8. Concluding with a lesson about wisdom(以关于智慧的启示结尾):总结故事带来的关于智慧的感悟,如智慧能帮助人们克服困难,是宝贵的财富。
4. 写作思路提示
1. 可从生活中的小场景或经典历史、神话故事获取灵感,让故事更具真实感或趣味性,引发读者共鸣。
2. 梳理思路:先设定场景和引入冲突,接着呈现智慧想法并推进情节,再达到高潮、解决冲突,然后描述角色感受,最后给出关于智慧的启示,用连贯的叙事组织这些内容,使故事逻辑清晰。
5. 写作步骤详解
1. 构思: 选择体现智慧的核心方向,确定要展现的1 - 2个核心亮点(比如角色在绝境中凭借智慧自救以及智慧带来的团队凝聚力这两个亮点)。
2. 写作: 开头交代场景和冲突,然后按 “呈现智慧想法→推进情节→达到高潮→解决冲突→描述感受” 的顺序展开,每部分聚焦一个方面,让内容有条理。
3. 结尾: 简洁总结故事带来的关于智慧的启示,呼应主题,让故事收尾完整。
6. 词汇运用提示
1. 使用“ wise, clever, intelligent, wisdom, brilliant” 等描述智慧相关的词汇。
2. 使用“face, solve, overcome, figure out, manage” 等描述应对、解决问题相关的动词。
3. 使用“difficult, challenging, tough, critical, amazing” 等描述情况、感受特征的形容词。
7. 句型运用提示
1. 使用_______讲述故事主体内容,若有总结性、启示性的话语,可适当使用_______。
2. 运用连接词让逻辑紧密,如 “First, Then, Next, Finally, At last” 等,连接不同的情节部分。
8. 范例
开头场景与冲突:It was a dark and stormy night. A group of travelers were trapped in a old cabin, with the storm getting more and more fierce. They were all worried about how to survive the night.
呈现智慧想法:Suddenly, Tom, a boy with a sharp mind, had a clever idea. He suggested that they could use the wooden planks in the cabin to reinforce the windows and doors.
推进情节:Everyone followed his advice. They worked together, and though the storm kept beating against the cabin, they managed to make the cabin more secure step by step.
达到高潮:Just when a huge branch was about to hit the cabin, they finished reinforcing, and the branch bounced off harmlessly.
解决冲突:The storm eventually calmed down, and the travelers were safe in the reinforced cabin.
描述角色感受:At first, they were terrified, but after Tom's wise idea worked, they felt relieved and grateful.
结尾启示:This experience made them realize that wisdom can help people get through tough times.
9. 实战演练
假如你是李华,你的美国笔友Tom在昨天的电子邮件中告诉你,最近他对中国文化产生了浓厚的兴趣,希望你能给他介绍一些经典故事。请你根据下面所给内容,给Tom回复一封邮件,向他讲述“程门立雪”这一经典故事,并希望知道他对该故事主人公的看法。
要求:
(1)文章需要包括以上所给的内容,可以适当发挥,使全文连贯;
(2)文中不得出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息;
(3)100词左右(邮件的开头、结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。
Dear Tom,
I’m very happy that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories. Well, let me tell you a famous one with the name “Waiting in the snow to meet Master Cheng respectfully”.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
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