精品解析：甘肃省兰州市安宁区西北师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

高三英语 注意事项： 1. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 2. 限时训练作业结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the speakers meet? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 2. What will the man do next? A. Sit indoors. B. Wait for twenty minutes. C. Get seated in the yard. 3. Who is Miss Jones? A. The man’s classmate. B. The man’s teacher. C. The man’s sister. 4. Where does the man most probably work? A. In a shop. B. On a farm. C. In an office. 5. What will the weather be like at midday tomorrow? A. Stormy. B. Cloudy. C. Thundery. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What is the probable relationship between Polly and the man? A. Co-workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Host and guest. 7. What will the man do next? A. Call Polly down. B. Put the kids to bed. C. Prepare the meal. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why won’t the speakers go to Anna’s Garden? A. Traffic might be heavy that way. B. There are no private rooms left. C. Joan doesn’t like the food there. 9. What do we know about Muvi? A. It’s beside a Japanese restaurant. B. Its food is expensive. C. It closes quite early. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What are the speakers talking about? A. A funny movie. B. A terrible experience. C. A private garden. 11. Why did the man jump over the fence? A. To read a note. B. To deliver milk. C. To lock a door. 12. What happened to the man? A. He had a car accident. B. He was bitten by a dog. C. He knocked into a tree. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the only problem of Fitzgerald’s new film according to the man? A. It is uninteresting. B. It lacks musical performances. C. It’s only aimed at one age group. 14. What instrument does Fitzgerald like best? A. The violin. B. The piano. C. The guitar. 15. Why do many important people dislike Fitzgerald? A. He doesn’t respect other people. B. He changes his mind quite often. C. He expresses his views directly. 16. What does the man think of Fitzgerald’s personality? A. Attractive. B. Warm-hearted. C. Easygoing. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker learn his survival skills? A. At a camping site. B. In a survival school. C. In the army. 18. How much does the basic survival course cost per person? A. $220. B. $200. C. $180. 19. When does the extreme survival course take place? A. In cold and wet months. B. On sunny days. C. Throughout the year. 20. What can people learn to do in the extreme survival course A. Build a shelter. B. Sleep in the open air. C. Use gas cookers. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共11小题;每小题2. 5分，满分27. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Wright brothers’ mother, Susan Catherine Koerner Wright, was an aggressive woman who attended Hartsville College, a rarity in those times. She had grown up on a farm and was very handy with tools. It is said that she could fix practically anything, and she was the one to solve the boys’ early engineering problems. Their father, Bishop Milton Wright, worked long hours on the farm and studied uninterruptedly. The Wright children were expected to work hard. When they were young boys, their father Milton brought home a flying toy: a propeller (螺旋桨) made of bamboo and powered by a rubber band. Fascinated with it, the boys began experimenting with it immediately. Their great curiosity was restrained only by their lack of mechanical know-how. As the boys grew, all mechanical things fascinated them. They were especially interested in bicycles and printing presses. Unfortunately, Susan died in 1889. Later, when the family struggled financially, the brothers dropped out of school and put their hands and minds to work. They published a weekly newspaper and opened a company, selling and repairing bicycles. The business was successful enough to fund their flying experiments. It’s easy to imagine the brothers working long hours on bicycles during the day and assembling propellers, gears and motors in the back workshop in their off time. They spent hours on the beach watching birds glide (滑翔). They made sketches and obsessed over the details of materials, dimensions, rotor spin and weight. Their work continued for more than a decade until they finally developed their dream: an airplane. When it came time to test their first full-scale model in 1903, their father was anchored to the earth with doubts. He couldn’t bear the thought of losing his sons, so he made them promise never to fly together — that is, if their experiment ever got off the ground. 1. What effect did the Wright brothers’ parents have on their interests? A. They raised engineering problems. B. Both of the parents stimulated them. C. Their father blocked their passion. D. Their mother helped them set their goals. 2. What can be inferred about the Wright brothers’ business? A. It failed completely. B. It focused on flying. C. It funded their dream. D. It was barely profitable. 3. What contributed most to the Wright brothers’ success? A. The steady financial support from family. B. The lucky discovery during bicycle repair. C. Their constant innovation and experiments. D. Their experience gained during childhood. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍莱特兄弟的成长背景，包括父母对他们的影响、童年兴趣启蒙、成年后的创业经历，以及最终研发出飞机的历程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She had grown up on a farm and was very handy with tools. It is said that she could fix practically anything, and she was the one to solve the boys’ early engineering problems. (她在农场长大，擅长使用工具。据说她几乎能修理任何东西，正是她解决了兄弟俩早期的工程问题。)”以及第二段中的“When they were young boys, their father Milton brought home a flying toy: a propeller (螺旋桨) made of bamboo and powered by a rubber band. Fascinated with it, the boys began experimenting with it immediately. (在他们还是小男孩的时候，父亲米尔顿带回家一个飞行玩具：一个由竹子制成、用橡皮筋驱动的螺旋桨。兄弟俩对此非常着迷，立刻开始摆弄它。)”可知，母亲通过解决工程问题、父亲通过带回飞行玩具，均激发了莱特兄弟对机械和飞行的兴趣，即父母双方都对他们的兴趣产生了激励作用。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The business was successful enough to fund their flying experiments. (这项生意足够成功，为他们的飞行实验提供了资金。)”可知，莱特兄弟的生意为他们研发飞机的梦想提供了资金支持。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Fascinated with it, the boys began experimenting with it immediately. (兄弟俩对此非常着迷，立刻开始摆弄它。)”以及第四段中的“It’s easy to imagine the brothers working long hours on bicycles during the day and assembling propellers, gears and motors in the back workshop in their off time. They spent hours on the beach watching birds glide (滑翔). They made sketches and obsessed over the details of materials, dimensions, rotor spin and weight. Their work continued for more than a decade until they finally developed their dream: an airplane. (不难想象，兄弟俩白天长时间修理自行车，空闲时则在后面的车间里组装螺旋桨、齿轮和发动机。他们花好几个小时在海滩上观察鸟类滑翔，绘制草图，并专注于材料、尺寸、旋翼转速和重量等细节。他们的研究持续了十多年，最终实现了梦想：研发出飞机。)”可知，莱特兄弟从童年摆弄飞行玩具开始，始终保持对机械和飞行的探索，通过持续的实验、观察和创新，历经十余年最终成功研发飞机，因此“持续的创新和实验”是他们成功的最大助力。故选C项。 B Exhausted by the rising cost of living in the United States and non-stop advertisements, some young adults on TikTok are pushing back. “When every moment of your life feels like you are being sold something and the price of that item keeps going up, people will burn out on spending money,” said Kara Perez, an influencer and financial educator. Social media has long showcased picture — perfect homes, luxurious closets and various beauty products. But a new trend, known as “underconsumption core”, is moving in the opposite direction - encouraging more economical lifestyles and prioritizing quality over quantity. For example, many people on social media proudly display their well-worn shoes that have been with them since middle school, along with their commitment to using the last drop of their makeup. Others opt for repurposing old mason jars instead of buying new food storage containers. For a long time, young people in the West have commonly made use of “Buy Now, Pay Later” plans, which have intensified consumption. They have developed a behavior of spending down to their last pound on a fashion item. It is an addiction tied to the pressure “to show who we are through possessions”. However, years of inflation (通货膨胀) have forced many to conclude that they cannot keep up with the spending habits of those on their social media feeds. “The social media trend of ‘underconsumption’ is a way for Gen Z to make the most of their money and be environmentally friendly at the same time,” said Ashley Ross, head of Bank of America. Low-consumption brick-and-mortar (实体的) initiatives attract a broader range of people across different profiles and generations. Anjali Zielinski, 42, joined a “Mending 101” workshop in Georgetown, DC, hoping to acquire new skills. She brought her 7-year-old daughter, Mina, along with her. In addition to providing an outlet for Mina’s creativity, she hopes the craft will teach her daughter the “value of our possessions and the work that goes into them.” But some are still doubtful. It remains to be seen whether “underconsumption core” is simply a mood or a lasting movement. “The lifespan of this trend depends, in many ways, on how long the economy continues to slow and incomes remains below price gains,” Brett House, an economics professor at Columbia Business School, told CNBC. 4. What is the cause of some Americans’ cutting back on spending? A. The commercial activities. B. Their social media feeds. C. Their material satisfaction. D. The economic downturn. 5. What is the philosophy of “underconsumption core”? A. Spending money as you like. B. Doing more with less. C. Keeping up with the Joneses. D. Buy Now, Pay Later. 6. How does the author tell us the trend’s popularity among people? A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By listing numbers. D. By citing research data. 7. What is Brett House’s attitude to the “underconsumption core” trend? A. Doubtful. B. Reserved. C. Objective. D. Disapproving. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了美国一些年轻人受生活成本上升和经济不景气的影响，在TikTok上推动“低消费核心”潮流，但这一潮流能否持久还有待观察。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Exhausted by the rising cost of living in the United States and non - stop advertisements, some young adults on TikTok are pushing back.(受美国生活成本上升和无休止的广告的影响，TikTok上的一些年轻人开始抵制消费)”以及第四段“However, years of inflation (通货膨胀) have forced many to conclude that they cannot keep up with the spending habits of those on their social media feeds.(然而，多年的通货膨胀迫使许多人得出结论，他们无法跟上社交媒体上那些人的消费习惯)”可知，一些美国人削减开支受美国生活成本上升和无休止的广告的影响，以及多年的通货膨胀迫使许多人放弃社交媒体上那些人的消费习惯，所以一些美国人削减开支的原因是经济不景气。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“But a new trend, known as “underconsumption core”, is moving in the opposite direction - encouraging more economical lifestyles and prioritizing quality over quantity.(但是一种被称为“低消费核心”的新趋势正在朝着相反的方向发展——鼓励更经济的生活方式，重质量而非数量)”可知“低消费核心”的新趋势鼓励更经济的生活方式，重质量而非数量，可知“低消费核心”的理念是用更少的资源做更多的事。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“For example, many people on social media proudly display their well - worn shoes that have been with them since middle school, along with their commitment to using the last drop of their makeup. Others opt for repurposing old mason jars instead of buying new food storage containers.(例如，社交媒体上的许多人自豪地展示他们从中学就开始穿的旧鞋子，以及他们使用最后一滴化妆品的承诺。其他人则选择重新利用旧的梅森罐，而不是购买新的食品储存容器)”可知，作者通过举例来告诉我们这一趋势在人群中的流行程度。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““The lifespan of this trend depends, in many ways, on how long the economy continues to slow and incomes remains below price gains,” Brett House, an economics professor at Columbia Business School, told CNBC.(哥伦比亚商学院(Columbia Business School)经济学教授布雷特·豪斯(Brett House)在接受美国全国广播公司财经频道(CNBC)采访时表示：“这一趋势的持续时间在很大程度上取决于经济放缓的持续时间以及收入是否仍低于物价涨幅。”)”可知，布雷特·豪斯指出这一潮流的持续时间在很大程度上取决于经济放缓和收入低于物价上涨的时长，只是客观陈述这一潮流与经济因素的关系，可推理出布雷特·豪斯的态度是客观的。故选C项。 C Feeling a hug from each other via the internet may be a possibility in the near future. A research team led by City University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless, soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch, and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction. It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication. While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate (模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world, they provide only touch sensing or touch response. The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface. The e-skin is a 7cm×l0cm, 4.2mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators (驱动器), a microcontroller unit, a Bluetooth module, and other electronics on a flexible circuit board. The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin. Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force, a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter (转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth. When the signals are received, a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibration (振动). The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s. The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the internet with smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch, and to form a touch Internet of Things (IoT) system, where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be realized. Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other. This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication. Next, the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability, who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages. 8. What is the unique feature of the e-skin? A. It provides hugs for users. B. It builds a social network. C. It provides touch sensing and copying, D. It monitors the process of self-sensing. 9. What does the underlined word “reversed” mean? A. Started. B. Disturbed. C. Completed. D. Exchanged. 10 What can we learn about e-skin? A. It strengthens bonds across distance. B. Its converter vibrates when working. C. It sends electrical signals to receivers. D. Its system delivers touch with phones. 11. What would be the best title of the text? A. A signal-sending application B. An invention for the disabled C. A device for virtual interaction D. A long distance communication 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface.(这种新型电子皮肤的独特之处在于它可以在同一界面上实现自我感知和触感再现功能)”可知，这种电子皮肤的独特之处是提供并复制触感。故选C。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“When the signals are received, a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibration (振动).(当接收到信号时，会产生电流，通过机械振动在接收器的电子皮肤上重现触摸反应)”和下文“deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.(将振动从接收器的电子皮肤传递到发送器的相应致动器)”可知，机械振动可以让接收器感受触摸，也将接收器由此产生的震动发送给相应的致动器。由此可知，这个过程是可以互换的。由此猜测划线词意为“互换”，与exchange同义。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other. This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication.(不同地方的朋友和家人可以用它来“感受”彼此。这种形式的触摸克服了空间的限制，大大减少了人类交流中的距离感)”可知，这种电子皮肤减少了人们交流中的距离感，即它可以加强跨越距离的联系。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“Feeling a hug from each other via the internet may be a possibility in the near future. A research team led by City University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless, soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch, and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction. It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.(在不久的将来，通过互联网感受彼此的拥抱可能是可能的。由香港城市大学领导的一个研究团队最近开发了一种无线、柔软的电子皮肤，它可以检测和传递触觉，并形成允许一对多用户交互的触觉网络。它为改善远程触摸通信提供了巨大的潜力)”可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤，它通过提供和传递触感减少人们交流中的距离感，加强跨距离的联系。因此C项“A device for virtual interaction(一个用于虚拟互动的设备)”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people truly want to help a friend who is in pain. But words often fail us at times like these, leaving us stammering (结巴) for the right thing to say. Some people are so afraid to say or do the wrong thing that they choose to do nothing at all.____12____ There’s no one perfect way to respond or to support someone you care about, but there are some good ground rules. ____13____ You are not supposed to be a central figure when your friend feels sad. You may say you would have done things differently if this unlucky thing had happened to you. Of course, I hope you don’t get the chance to find out. The unhappiness belongs to your friend. So follow their lead. Keep in mind that being with someone who is in pain isn’t easy. Your friend cannot show up for their part of the relationship very well, and you will likely get hurt. Don’t take it personally.____14____ In fact, one of the best things you can do for a friend in sorrow is to forecast their needs. Don’t say, “Call me if there’s anything I can do,” because your friend will not call. What you should do is to make concrete offers: “I will stop by each morning on my way to work and take your dog for a quick walk.” Then show up and do it. ____15____ Hug your friend, rub their back, and touch their arm. Comfort them with small physical gestures that let them know you care and calm them. Give them hope. Give your friend hope that things will eventually get better.____16____ A. Show your love. B. Keep your friend at ease. C. Instead, please be tolerant of them. D. Remember to play a supporting role. E. After all, the future will be full of hope. F. Their heart will heal and life will go on. G. That’s certainly an option, but it’s not often a good one. 【答案】12. G 13. D 14. C 15. A 16. F 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】本文是说明文。文章介绍了安慰伤心的朋友的方法。 1.上文讲在面对需要安慰的朋友时，一些人们因担心说错话或做的不合适而选择什么都不做，下文“There’s no one perfect way to respond or to support someone you care about, but there are some good ground rules.(没有一个完美的方式来回应或支持你关心的人，但有一些好的可遵循的基本规则) ”说“有方法，可做”，与上文语意有转折关系。G项“That’s certainly an option, but it’s not often a good one.(这当然是一个选择，但通常不是一个好选择)”中That指代上文“choose to do nothing at all ”，“but it’s not often a good one.”引出下文，该在段中项承上启下。故选G项。 2.设空处是段首中心句。由下文“You are not supposed to be a central figure when your friend feels sad.(当你的朋友感到悲伤时，你不应该成为中心人物)”以及段尾句“So follow their lead.(所以跟着他们走 )”可知，全段讲述的是，安慰悲伤的朋友，不要以自我为中心，要以朋友的感受为主。D项“Remember to play a supporting role.(记住扮演配角 )”符合语境。故选D项。 3.上文说“Keep in mind that being with someone who is in pain isn’t easy. Your friend cannot show up for their part of the relationship very well, and you will likely get hurt. Don’t take it personally.(记住，和一个痛苦的人在一起并不容易。你的朋友可能不能很好地展示他们的角色，你可能会受到伤害。不要认为这是针对你个人的)”中说到陪伴痛苦的朋友可能受到朋友的伤害，但不要认为是针对你，C 项“Instead, please be tolerant of them.(相反，请包容他们)”讲要包容，意义上与其是顺承关系，且其中代词them指代上文Your friend。故选C项。 4设空处是段首中心句。根据段中内容可知，作者建议用“small physical gestures ”来“let them know you care and calm them.(让他们知道你关心他们，让他们平静下来)”，A 项“Show your love.(表达你的爱)”语意相关，其中Show指的就是文中“Hug your friend, rub their back, and touch their arm”行为。故选A项。 5.上文“Give your friend hope that things will eventually get better.(给你的朋友希望，事情最终会好起来)”主要是说给朋友希望，让朋友明白一切最终都会好起来，F项“Their heart will heal and life will go on.(他们的心会自愈，生活也会继续)”与上文是顺承关系，是给朋友希望的结果。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Night fell. Falter returned home, teary-eyed and ___17___. The 33-year-old, professional photographer had just run from one end of Hawaii’s Waimea Bay, to the other, ___18___ his “baby”, a custom-made blue surfboard. When back home, Falter wrote on Facebook: “Was surfing tonight and ___19___ my baby.” He hoped it would wash ashore soon and that whoever ___20___ it would have also seen his Facebook post. Unfortunately, the currents swept it out to sea, ___21___ Oahu. Weeks passed with no ___22___ of the surfboard. Then months, Lyle Carlson, who had customized the board, comforted Falter with the possible reunion but nobody knew when. But Falter never completely forgot about the board. Finally the board ___23___ on the remote island of Sarangani, Philippines — six months after and over 5, 000 miles away. It was discovered by a local fisherman, who sold the unusual ___24___ to Branzuela, a 36-year-old elementary school teacher for $40. For Branzuela, ___25___ the big waves had been his dream. The once-blue board had turned pale with its ____26____ markings still there: “Lyle Carlson Surfboards, Oahu, Hawaii”. Branzuela soon ____27____ Carlson online, who, in turn, contacted Falter. Falter confirmed the board was his and was ____28____ to learn his “baby” had floated across the world’s largest ocean and ____29____. He was thrilled, but not only for himself. Knowing someone an ocean away shared the same interest with him ____30____ a lot to Falter and he couldn’t imagine a better ____31____ to the story. 17. A. exhausted B. puzzled C. refreshed D. scared 18. A. picking up B. running after C. caring for D. looking for 19. A. expected B. lost C. comforted D. held 20. A. liked B. needed C. spotted D. made 21. A. away from B. close to C. next to D. along with 22. A. mark B. proof C. company D. sign 23. A. floated B. landed C. knocked D. dropped 24. A. catch B. fish C. gift D. baby 25. A. watching B. painting C. riding D. pushing 26 A. familiar B. hidden C. common D. unique 27. A. dropped in on B. made up with C. reached out to D. put up with 28. A. moved B. shocked C. relieved D. confused 29. A. changed B. approached C. survived D. disappeared 30. A. meant B. contributed C. cost D. supplied 31. A. response B. solution C. answer D. ending 【答案】17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述摄影师Falter丢失的冲浪板漂洋过海，六个月后在菲律宾被发现并物归原主的故事。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Falter回到家，泪眼汪汪且疲惫不堪。A. exhausted疲惫的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. refreshed恢复精神的；D. scared害怕的。根据后文“The 33-year-old, professional photographer had just run from one end of Hawaii’s Waimea Bay, to the other”可知，Falter从海湾一端跑到另一端，必然是“疲惫的”。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位33岁的专业摄影师刚刚从夏威夷威美亚湾的一端跑到另一端，寻找他的“宝贝”——一块定制的蓝色冲浪板。A. picking up捡起；B. running after追赶；C. caring for照顾；D. looking for寻找。根据后文“When back home, Falter wrote on Facebook: “Was surfing tonight and ___3___ my baby.””可知，Falter丢失了冲浪板，因此是在“寻找”它。故选D项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在脸书上写道：“今晚冲浪时，我弄丢了我的宝贝（冲浪板）。”A. expected期待；B. lost丢失；C. comforted安慰；D. held持有。根据后文“He hoped it would wash ashore soon and that whoever ___4___ it would have also seen his Facebook post.”可知，Falter希望冲浪板能冲上岸，说明他“丢失”了冲浪板。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他希望它能尽快冲上岸，而且无论谁发现它，也能看到他的脸书帖子。A. liked喜欢；B. needed需要；C. spotted发现；D. made制作。根据前文的“He hoped it would wash ashore soon”可知，冲浪板冲上岸后会被人“发现”，“spotted”符合“看见、发现”的语境。故选C项。 【21题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：不幸的是，洋流把它冲进了大海，远离了瓦胡岛。A. away from远离；B. close to靠近；C. next to紧邻；D. along with和……一起。根据前文的“Unfortunately, the currents swept it out to sea”及后文冲浪板出现在菲律宾可知，它被冲得“远离”了瓦胡岛。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周过去了，冲浪板依然没有任何踪迹。A. mark标记；B. proof证据；C. company陪伴；D. sign迹象、踪迹。根据后文的“Then months. Lyle Carlson, who had customized the board, comforted Falter with the possible reunion but nobody knew when.”可知，时间过去了很久也没有人知道冲浪板去了哪里，所以冲浪板没有丝毫踪迹。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，六个月后，这块冲浪板落在了5000多英里外遥远菲律宾萨兰甘尼岛。A. floated漂浮；B. landed着陆、落下；C. knocked敲击；D. dropped掉落。根据后文“It was discovered by a local fisherman”可知，冲浪板冲上了岸，被当地的渔民捡到了，即着陆。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它被一位当地渔民发现，渔民以40美元的价格把这件特别的“捕获物”卖给了36岁的小学老师布兰祖埃拉。A. catch捕获物（此处指渔民捡到的冲浪板）；B. fish鱼；C. gift礼物；D. baby宝贝（Falter对冲浪板的称呼）。根据上文可知，渔民捡到的是Falter的冲浪板，是一个不同寻常的收获。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对冲浪而言，驾驭巨浪一直是他（布兰祖埃拉）的梦想。A. watching观看；B. painting绘画；C. riding驾驭（浪、车等）；D. pushing推。根据前文“It was discovered by a local fisherman, who sold the unusual ___8___ to Branzuela, a 36-year-old elementary school teacher for $40.”可知，Branzuela购买了这快冲浪板，是因为他喜欢冲浪，也就是驾驭冲浪板。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这块曾经蓝色的冲浪板已经变浅，但上面独特的标记依然清晰：“莱尔·卡尔森冲浪板，夏威夷瓦胡岛”。A. familiar熟悉的；B. hidden隐藏的；C. common普通的；D. unique独特的。根据前文“who had customized the board”可知，这块冲浪板是定制的，所以上面的标识是独一无二的。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：布兰祖埃拉很快在网上联系了卡尔森，卡尔森接着联系了Falter。A. dropped in on顺便拜访；B. made up with与……和好；C. reached out to联系；D. put up with忍受。根据后文的“online”及“who, in turn, contacted Falter”可知，布兰祖埃拉在网上“联系”了卡尔森，“reached out to”表“主动联系”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Falter确认这块冲浪板是他的，得知他的“宝贝”漂过世界上最大的海洋并幸存下来，他感到震惊。A. moved感动的；B. shocked震惊的；C. relieved宽慰的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文的“floated across the world’s largest ocean”可知，冲浪板漂过广阔海洋的经历令人“震惊”。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Falter确认这块冲浪板是他的，得知他的“宝贝”漂过世界上最大的海洋并幸存下来，他感到震惊。A. changed改变；B. approached接近；C. survived幸存；D. disappeared消失。根据前文“Falter confirmed the board was his”可知，Falter的冲浪板在横穿太平洋之后幸存了下来。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道一个远隔重洋的人有着和自己相同的爱好，这对Falter来说意义重大，他想象不出比这更好的故事结局了。A. meant意味着、有意义；B. contributed贡献；C. cost花费；D. supplied提供。根据前文“Knowing someone an ocean away shared the same interest with him”可知，知道有人对于冲浪也感兴趣，这对于Falter来说意义重大。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道一个远隔重洋的人有着和自己相同的爱好，这对Falter来说意义重大，他想象不出比这更好的故事结局了。A. response回应；B. solution解决方案；C. answer答案；D. ending结局。根据上文“Knowing someone an ocean away shared the same interest”可知，Falter不仅找回了自己的冲浪板，还遇到有着和自己相同的爱好的人，这是一个非常好的结局。故选D项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has recently published its first artificial intelligence （Al） textbook for high school students, following a plan___32___（include） Al courses in primary and secondary schools by central government last year. Under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and Al startup Sense Time Group, the nine-chapter textbook,___33___ (name) Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence, was written by outstanding scholars from well-known ___34___ (school) nationwide, Xinhua reported on Sunday. It includes the history of Al and how the technology can ___35___(apply) in areas such as facial recognition, auto driving and public security. “The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but also on ___36___(practice) use of Al in daily life," said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University,___37___is also a contributor to the book. So far, about 40 high schools across the country ___38___ (join) the first group of Al high education pilot program ___39___ introducing the textbook in curriculum. “The Al sector is facing a talent shortage ___40___ . (global). The publication of the book is ___41___ breakthrough as it takes Al technology out of the ‘ivory tower' and makes it part of high school learning, said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. 【答案】32. to include 33 named 34. schools 35. be applied 36. practical 37. who 38. have joined 39. by 40. globally 41. a 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能教科书开始引入中国高中课堂。 【32题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知此处是不定式作后置定语修饰plan，a plan to do sth一个做……的计划，故填to include。 【33题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语textbook和name之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，故填named。 【34题详解】 考查名词的数。根据下文的nationwide（全国范围内的）可判断此处指国内很多学校，用名词复数形式，故填schools。 【35题详解】 考查被动语态。technology（技术）和apply（应用）之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，又情态动词can后接动词原形， 故填be applied。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。此处应用形容词修饰名词use，故填practical。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词a professor在从句中充当主语，故用指人的关系代词，故填who。 【38题详解】 考查时态。根据so far（迄今为止）判断本句用现在完成时，又主语schools是复数，故填have joined。 【39题详解】 考查介词。结合上下文可知此处应译为“通过把课本引入课程”符合语境，“通过”by，故填by。 【40题详解】 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，故填globally。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这本书的出版是一个突破，因为它把人工智能带出象牙塔让它成为高中学习的一部分。breakthrough是可数名词，结合句意可知此处译为“一个突破”符合语境，又breakthrough是辅音音素开头，故填a。 【点睛】第7小题考查现在完成时 现在完成时指过去的动作对现在造成的影响，其结构为have/has done。现在完成时常见的事件标志词/短语有：since/ for/ so far/ up to now/ up till now/ in the past+段时/yet/already等。例如： In the past 3 months I have made great progress.在过去的3个月，我已经取得了巨大进步。 So far, we have learnt 3000 words.到目前为止，我们已经学了3000个单词。 She hasn’t finished her homework yet.她还没有完成她的作业。 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 请根据句意和汉语提示或首字母提示填写单词的正确形式，每空只填一词。 42. Her sister broke down, ____________ (啜泣) into her handkerchief and burying herself in the pillow. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sobbing 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：她的姐姐崩溃了，用手帕啜泣着，把自己埋在枕头里。根据汉语提示“啜泣”可知为动词sob；句中已有谓语动词broke down，且空处与burying由and连接，构成并列的伴随状语，逻辑主语Her sister与sob之间为主动关系，需用现在分词形式。故填sobbing。 43. The police are ________ (调查) possible links between the murders. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】investigating 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：警方正在调查这些谋杀案之间可能存在的联系。根据汉语和首字母i提示可知，investigate调查，动词作谓语，符合题意；结合句意可知，此处表示动作正在进行，所以空处谓语动词需用现在进行时态：are doing。故填investigating。 44. Still, the ____________ (频率) of whale sightings in the broader area has gone up rapidly in recent years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】frequency 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：尽管如此，近年来在更广阔区域内鲸鱼目击的频率仍在快速上升。此处为名词作句子的主语，根据汉语提示“频率”，对应的名词是frequency；结合空后“has”可知，主语为单数概念，所以用名词单数形式。故填frequency。 45. The singer is regarded as a ________（代表）of the youth of her generation. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】representative 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：那位歌手被认为是她那一代年轻人代表。 空前是不定冠词a，因此空处应填可数名词单数。“代表”可译为representative。故填representative。 46. The security men ____________ (恐慌) as angry fans charged towards them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】panicked 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当愤怒的粉丝冲向他们时，保安们恐慌起来。根据汉语提示“恐慌”可知，此处应填动词panic；主句缺少谓语动词，且由as引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词charged (冲)可知，从句时态使用一般过去时，主句动作与从句动作同时发生，时态需保持一致，也应用一般过去时，panic的过去式为panicked。故填panicked。 47. Who will in charge of the _________(分配) of food and clothing to the flood victims? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】distribution 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：谁来负责给水灾灾民分发食物和衣服？“分配”英文为distribution，在句中作宾语，根据汉语提示及句意，故填distribution。 48. The old soldier ____________ (捐赠) a lot of money to the school, enabling the students to return to their classrooms. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】donated 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这位老兵给学校捐赠了很多钱，让学生们得以重返教室。根据汉语提示“捐赠”，对应的动词是donate，此处为动词作句子的谓语，根据句意，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，时态需用一般过去时，donate的其过去式为donated，“donate sth to sb/sth”为常用搭配，意为“把某物捐赠给某人/某物”。故填donated。 49. However, research has proved that people can learn to sleep more ____________ (高效地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】efficiently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：然而，研究已经证明人们可以学会更高效地睡眠。此处为副词修饰动词“sleep”，根据汉语提示“高效地”，对应的英文副词是efficiently。故填efficiently。 50. I think it may take some time before we can have an ____________ (准确的) assessment of the damage. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】accurate 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我想我们可能需要一段时间才能对损失做出准确的评估。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词accurate，修饰名词assessment，作定语。故填accurate。 51. During the activity, several videos and lectures about garbage sorting will be provided, through which we are sure to learn more about how to sort and deal with the garbage ____________ (科学地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】scientifically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：在此次活动中，将会播放一些关于垃圾分类的视频和讲座，通过这些内容，我们肯定能更深入地了解如何科学地进行垃圾分类和处理垃圾。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处应用副词scientifically，修饰动词短语sort and deal with the garbage，作状语。故填scientifically。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 52. 假如你是李华，在网店购买了一个多功能电子词典笔（e-dictionary pen），可拍照查词，也可语音识别。用了一段时间后，你发现质量问题，与店员理论，其服务态度不好，因此你决定给网店经理写一封投诉信。内容包括： 1. 反映存在问题； 2. 提出解决方案。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Manager, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Manager, One week ago, I bought an e-dictionary pen at your store. Now I am writing to complain about some problems I came across when using it. First of all, the camera doesn’t function well. The taken pictures are often blurry. What’s worse, the voice recognition system often fails to recognize my voice correctly, which added to the unfavorable experience in using it. I tried to contact your customer service to require a replacement. Surprisingly, your staff turned down my request rudely and even denied the poor quality of your product. Now, I’m wondering whether you can refund or exchange a new one for me. Meanwhile, I’d like to appeal to better service of your staff. An early response will be appreciated. Sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生在网店购买了一个多功能电子词典笔，可拍照查词，也可语音识别。用了一段时间后，考生发现质量问题，与店员理论，其服务态度不好，要求考生按照要求给网店经理写一封投诉信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 遇见，碰上：come across→ run into 起作用，运转：function→ work 认出：recognize→ identify 联系：contact→ get in touch with 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：One week ago, I bought an e-dictionary pen at your store. 拓展句：One week ago, it was an e-dictionary pen that I bought at your store. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Now I am writing to complain about some problems I came across when using it.（运用了省略关系词的定语从句、when引导的时间状语从句的省略） 【高分句型2】What’s worse, the voice recognition system often fails to recognize my voice correctly, which added to the unfavorable experience in using it.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 53. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 He had finally allowed it. Today, for the first time, I was shopping on my own. It felt like a small victory, but to me, it meant everything. Ever since I tuned fourteen last month, I had been begging my dad to let me go places alone. I wasn’t a little kid anymore — I could handle myself. But my dad, who had always been overprotective, wasn’t convinced. He said the world wasn’t as safe as I thought, that there were dangers I wasn’t ready for. Maybe it was because I was his only child, or may be it was because of the time I got lost at the county fair when I was seven, sending him into a full-blown panic. I had only been missing for twenty minutes, but to him, it felt like hours. He never let me out of his sight after that. But I was older now. I needed my independence. This morning, after weeks of pleading, he had finally relented. With a sigh, he pulled a crisp twenty-dollar bill from his wallet and handed it to me. “Call me if you need anything,” he had said, his brow furrowed in concern. “I’ll be fine, Dad,” I had replied, rolling my eyes but secretly thrilled. Now, as I wandered through the aisles (过道) of Walmart, I felt a rush of independence. I lingered (逗留) in the beauty section, picking up different bottles of shampoo, comparing labels, and enjoying the simple pleasure of making my own choices. No one was there to hurry me along or tell me what to buy. I was free, and it felt amazing. Then, out of nowhere, a woman hurried toward me. She looked to be in her forties, with short, dark hair and a worried expression. “I don’t mean to scare you,” she said in a hushed voice, “but there’s a man following you. He’s been peeking (偷窥) at you from the next aisle.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My heart stopped. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I sighed, shaking my head with a knowing smile. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Para 1. My heart stopped. What? This was exactly what my dad had warned me about. The dangers of being alone, of wandering through stores without someone watching out for me. For a moment, panic gripped me, my mind racing through every possibility. I swallowed hard. “Who is it?” The woman gave a small nod toward the cleanser aisle. “That’s him.” I turned my head cautiously, my pulse racing. And then I caught a glimpse of the familiar gray jacket. It was my dad. Para 2. I sighed, shaking my head with a knowing smile. “That’s my father,” I told the woman. She laughed softly and then walked away. I turned and made my way toward him. I raised an eyebrow and asked, “Dad, were you following me?” He hesitated, then let out a small sigh. “I just wanted to make sure you were okay.” I should have been annoyed. But as I looked at him — the concern in his eyes — I realized something. This wasn’t about him not trusting me. This was about love. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者满14岁要求独自去购物，想要独立。父亲对此不放心，一路跟随作者，最后作者被一个女人提醒。发现跟踪者正是自己的父亲，作者也认识到了父亲对自己的爱。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我的心跳停止了”可知，第一段可描写作者发现跟踪自己的人是父亲。 ②由第二段首句内容“我叹息，带着会意的微笑摇了摇头”可知，第二段可描写作者解释误会以及作者感悟父爱。 2.续写线索：感到紧张——发现跟踪者——认出父亲——解释误会——找到父亲——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①意识到：realize/be aware of ②询问：ask/inquire ③看着：look at/stare at 情绪类 ①关心： concern/care ②生气的：annoyed/outraged 【点睛】[高分句型1] But as I looked at him — the concern in his eyes — I realized something.（运用as引导时间状语从句） [高分句型2] For a moment, panic gripped me, my mind racing through every possibility.（运用“名词+现在分词”的独立主格结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语 注意事项： 1. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 2. 限时训练作业结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the speakers meet? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 2. What will the man do next? A. Sit indoors. B. Wait for twenty minutes. C. Get seated in the yard. 3. Who is Miss Jones? A. The man’s classmate. B. The man’s teacher. C. The man’s sister. 4. Where does the man most probably work? A. In a shop. B. On a farm. C. In an office. 5. What will the weather be like at midday tomorrow? A. Stormy. B. Cloudy. C. Thundery. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What is the probable relationship between Polly and the man? A. Co-workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Host and guest. 7. What will the man do next? A. Call Polly down. B. Put the kids to bed. C. Prepare the meal. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why won’t the speakers go to Anna’s Garden? A. Traffic might be heavy that way. B. There are no private rooms left. C. Joan doesn’t like the food there. 9. What do we know about Muvi? A. It’s beside a Japanese restaurant. B. Its food is expensive. C. It closes quite early. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What are the speakers talking about? A. A funny movie. B. A terrible experience. C. A private garden. 11. Why did the man jump over the fence? A. To read a note. B. To deliver milk. C. To lock a door. 12. What happened to the man? A. He had a car accident. B. He was bitten by a dog. C. He knocked into a tree. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the only problem of Fitzgerald’s new film according to the man? A. It is uninteresting. B. It lacks musical performances. C. It’s only aimed at one age group. 14. What instrument does Fitzgerald like best? A. The violin. B. The piano. C. The guitar. 15. Why do many important people dislike Fitzgerald? A. He doesn’t respect other people. B. He changes his mind quite often. C. He expresses his views directly. 16. What does the man think of Fitzgerald’s personality? A. Attractive. B. Warm-hearted. C. Easygoing. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where did the speaker learn his survival skills? A. At a camping site. B. In a survival school. C. In the army. 18. How much does the basic survival course cost per person? A. $220. B. $200. C. $180. 19. When does the extreme survival course take place? A. In cold and wet months. B. On sunny days. C. Throughout the year. 20. What can people learn to do in the extreme survival course A. Build a shelter. B. Sleep in the open air. C. Use gas cookers. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共11小题;每小题2. 5分，满分27. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Wright brothers’ mother, Susan Catherine Koerner Wright, was an aggressive woman who attended Hartsville College, a rarity in those times. She had grown up on a farm and was very handy with tools. It is said that she could fix practically anything, and she was the one to solve the boys’ early engineering problems. Their father, Bishop Milton Wright, worked long hours on the farm and studied uninterruptedly. The Wright children were expected to work hard. When they were young boys, their father Milton brought home a flying toy: a propeller (螺旋桨) made of bamboo and powered by a rubber band. Fascinated with it, the boys began experimenting with it immediately. Their great curiosity was restrained only by their lack of mechanical know-how. As the boys grew, all mechanical things fascinated them. They were especially interested in bicycles and printing presses. Unfortunately, Susan died in 1889. Later, when the family struggled financially, the brothers dropped out of school and put their hands and minds to work. They published a weekly newspaper and opened a company, selling and repairing bicycles. The business was successful enough to fund their flying experiments. It’s easy to imagine the brothers working long hours on bicycles during the day and assembling propellers, gears and motors in the back workshop in their off time. They spent hours on the beach watching birds glide (滑翔). They made sketches and obsessed over the details of materials, dimensions, rotor spin and weight. Their work continued for more than a decade until they finally developed their dream: an airplane. When it came time to test their first full-scale model in 1903, their father was anchored to the earth with doubts. He couldn’t bear the thought of losing his sons, so he made them promise never to fly together — that is, if their experiment ever got off the ground. 1. What effect did the Wright brothers’ parents have on their interests? A. They raised engineering problems. B. Both of the parents stimulated them. C. Their father blocked their passion. D. Their mother helped them set their goals. 2. What can be inferred about the Wright brothers’ business? A. It failed completely. B. It focused on flying. C. It funded their dream. D. It was barely profitable. 3. What contributed most to the Wright brothers’ success? A. The steady financial support from family. B. The lucky discovery during bicycle repair. C. Their constant innovation and experiments. D. Their experience gained during childhood. B Exhausted by the rising cost of living in the United States and non-stop advertisements, some young adults on TikTok are pushing back. “When every moment of your life feels like you are being sold something and the price of that item keeps going up, people will burn out on spending money,” said Kara Perez, an influencer and financial educator. Social media has long showcased picture — perfect homes, luxurious closets and various beauty products. But a new trend, known as “underconsumption core”, is moving in the opposite direction - encouraging more economical lifestyles and prioritizing quality over quantity. For example, many people on social media proudly display their well-worn shoes that have been with them since middle school, along with their commitment to using the last drop of their makeup. Others opt for repurposing old mason jars instead of buying new food storage containers. For a long time, young people in the West have commonly made use of “Buy Now, Pay Later” plans, which have intensified consumption. They have developed a behavior of spending down to their last pound on a fashion item. It is an addiction tied to the pressure “to show who we are through possessions”. However, years of inflation (通货膨胀) have forced many to conclude that they cannot keep up with the spending habits of those on their social media feeds. “The social media trend of ‘underconsumption’ is a way for Gen Z to make the most of their money and be environmentally friendly at the same time,” said Ashley Ross, head of Bank of America. Low-consumption brick-and-mortar (实体的) initiatives attract a broader range of people across different profiles and generations. Anjali Zielinski, 42, joined a “Mending 101” workshop in Georgetown, DC, hoping to acquire new skills. She brought her 7-year-old daughter, Mina, along with her. In addition to providing an outlet for Mina’s creativity, she hopes the craft will teach her daughter the “value of our possessions and the work that goes into them.” But some are still doubtful. It remains to be seen whether “underconsumption core” is simply a mood or a lasting movement. “The lifespan of this trend depends, in many ways, on how long the economy continues to slow and incomes remains below price gains,” Brett House, an economics professor at Columbia Business School, told CNBC. 4. What is the cause of some Americans’ cutting back on spending? A. The commercial activities. B. Their social media feeds. C. Their material satisfaction. D. The economic downturn. 5. What is the philosophy of “underconsumption core”? A. Spending money as you like. B. Doing more with less. C. Keeping up with the Joneses. D. Buy Now, Pay Later. 6. How does the author tell us the trend’s popularity among people? A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By listing numbers. D. By citing research data. 7. What is Brett House’s attitude to the “underconsumption core” trend? A. Doubtful. B. Reserved. C. Objective. D. Disapproving. C Feeling a hug from each other via the internet may be a possibility in the near future. A research team led by City University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless, soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch, and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction. It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication. While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate (模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world, they provide only touch sensing or touch response. The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface. The e-skin is a 7cm×l0cm, 4.2mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators (驱动器), a microcontroller unit, a Bluetooth module, and other electronics on a flexible circuit board. The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin. Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force, a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter (转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth. When the signals are received, a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibration (振动). The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s. The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the internet with smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch, and to form a touch Internet of Things (IoT) system, where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be realized. Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other. This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication. Next, the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability, who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages. 8. What is the unique feature of the e-skin? A. It provides hugs for users. B. It builds a social network. C. It provides touch sensing and copying D. It monitors the process of self-sensing. 9. What does the underlined word “reversed” mean? A. Started. B. Disturbed. C. Completed. D. Exchanged. 10. What can we learn about e-skin? A. It strengthens bonds across distance. B. Its converter vibrates when working. C. It sends electrical signals to receivers. D. Its system delivers touch with phones. 11. What would be the best title of the text? A. A signal-sending application B. An invention for the disabled C. A device for virtual interaction D A long distance communication 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people truly want to help a friend who is in pain. But words often fail us at times like these, leaving us stammering (结巴) for the right thing to say. Some people are so afraid to say or do the wrong thing that they choose to do nothing at all.____12____ There’s no one perfect way to respond or to support someone you care about, but there are some good ground rules. ____13____ You are not supposed to be a central figure when your friend feels sad. You may say you would have done things differently if this unlucky thing had happened to you. Of course, I hope you don’t get the chance to find out. The unhappiness belongs to your friend. So follow their lead. Keep in mind that being with someone who is in pain isn’t easy. Your friend cannot show up for their part of the relationship very well, and you will likely get hurt. Don’t take it personally.____14____ In fact, one of the best things you can do for a friend in sorrow is to forecast their needs. Don’t say, “Call me if there’s anything I can do,” because your friend will not call. What you should do is to make concrete offers: “I will stop by each morning on my way to work and take your dog for a quick walk.” Then show up and do it. ____15____ Hug your friend, rub their back, and touch their arm. Comfort them with small physical gestures that let them know you care and calm them. Give them hope. Give your friend hope that things will eventually get better.____16____ A. Show your love. B. Keep your friend at ease. C. Instead, please be tolerant of them. D. Remember to play a supporting role. E. After all, the future will be full of hope. F. Their heart will heal and life will go on. G. That’s certainly an option, but it’s not often a good one. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Night fell. Falter returned home, teary-eyed and ___17___. The 33-year-old, professional photographer had just run from one end of Hawaii’s Waimea Bay, to the other, ___18___ his “baby”, a custom-made blue surfboard. When back home, Falter wrote on Facebook: “Was surfing tonight and ___19___ my baby.” He hoped it would wash ashore soon and that whoever ___20___ it would have also seen his Facebook post. Unfortunately, the currents swept it out to sea, ___21___ Oahu. Weeks passed with no ___22___ of the surfboard. Then months, Lyle Carlson, who had customized the board, comforted Falter with the possible reunion but nobody knew when. But Falter never completely forgot about the board. Finally the board ___23___ on the remote island of Sarangani, Philippines — six months after and over 5, 000 miles away. It was discovered by a local fisherman, who sold the unusual ___24___ to Branzuela, a 36-year-old elementary school teacher for $40. For Branzuela, ___25___ the big waves had been his dream. The once-blue board had turned pale with its ____26____ markings still there: “Lyle Carlson Surfboards, Oahu, Hawaii”. Branzuela soon ____27____ Carlson online, who, in turn, contacted Falter. Falter confirmed the board was his and was ____28____ to learn his “baby” had floated across the world’s largest ocean and ____29____. He was thrilled but not only for himself. Knowing someone an ocean away shared the same interest with him ____30____ a lot to Falter and he couldn’t imagine a better ____31____ to the story. 17. A. exhausted B. puzzled C. refreshed D. scared 18. A. picking up B. running after C. caring for D. looking for 19. A. expected B. lost C. comforted D. held 20. A. liked B. needed C. spotted D. made 21. A. away from B. close to C. next to D. along with 22. A. mark B. proof C. company D. sign 23. A. floated B. landed C. knocked D. dropped 24. A. catch B. fish C. gift D. baby 25. A. watching B. painting C. riding D. pushing 26. A. familiar B. hidden C. common D. unique 27. A. dropped in on B. made up with C. reached out to D. put up with 28. A. moved B. shocked C. relieved D. confused 29. A. changed B. approached C. survived D. disappeared 30. A. meant B. contributed C. cost D. supplied 31. A. response B. solution C. answer D. ending 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has recently published its first artificial intelligence （Al） textbook for high school students, following a plan___32___（include） Al courses in primary and secondary schools by central government last year. Under the joint efforts by the research center for MOOC at East China Normal University and Al startup Sense Time Group, the nine-chapter textbook,___33___ (name) Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence, was written by outstanding scholars from well-known ___34___ (school) nationwide, Xinhua reported on Sunday. It includes the history of Al and how the technology can ___35___(apply) in areas such as facial recognition, auto driving and public security. “The textbook focuses not only on basics of Al, but also on ___36___(practice) use of Al in daily life," said Chen Yukun, a professor at East China Normal University,___37___is also a contributor to the book. So far, about 40 high schools across the country ___38___ (join) the first group of Al high education pilot program ___39___ introducing the textbook in curriculum. “The Al sector is facing a talent shortage ___40___ . (global). The publication of the book is ___41___ breakthrough as it takes Al technology out of the ‘ivory tower' and makes it part of high school learning, said Lin Dahua, a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. 第三节 单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 请根据句意和汉语提示或首字母提示填写单词的正确形式，每空只填一词。 42. Her sister broke down, ____________ (啜泣) into her handkerchief and burying herself in the pillow. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 43. The police are ________ (调查) possible links between the murders. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 44. Still, the ____________ (频率) of whale sightings in the broader area has gone up rapidly in recent years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 45. The singer is regarded as a ________（代表）of the youth of her generation. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 46. The security men ____________ (恐慌) as angry fans charged towards them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. Who will in charge of the _________(分配) of food and clothing to the flood victims? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. The old soldier ____________ (捐赠) a lot of money to the school, enabling the students to return to their classrooms. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. However, research has proved that people can learn to sleep more ____________ (高效地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. I think it may take some time before we can have an ____________ (准确的) assessment of the damage. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. During the activity several videos and lectures about garbage sorting will be provided, through which we are sure to learn more about how to sort and deal with the garbage ____________ (科学地). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 52. 假如你是李华，在网店购买了一个多功能电子词典笔（e-dictionary pen），可拍照查词，也可语音识别。用了一段时间后，你发现质量问题，与店员理论，其服务态度不好，因此你决定给网店经理写一封投诉信。内容包括： 1. 反映存在问题； 2. 提出解决方案。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为100左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Manager, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 53. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 He had finally allowed it. Today, for the first time, I was shopping on my own. It felt like a small victory, but to me, it meant everything. Ever since I tuned fourteen last month, I had been begging my dad to let me go places alone. I wasn’t a little kid anymore — I could handle myself. But my dad, who had always been overprotective, wasn’t convinced. He said the world wasn’t as safe as I thought, that there were dangers I wasn’t ready for. Maybe it was because I was his only child, or may be it was because of the time I got lost at the county fair when I was seven, sending him into a full-blown panic. I had only been missing for twenty minutes, but to him, it felt like hours. He never let me out of his sight after that. But I was older now. I needed my independence. This morning, after weeks of pleading, he had finally relented. With a sigh, he pulled a crisp twenty-dollar bill from his wallet and handed it to me. “Call me if you need anything,” he had said, his brow furrowed in concern. “I’ll be fine, Dad,” I had replied, rolling my eyes but secretly thrilled. Now, as I wandered through the aisles (过道) of Walmart, I felt a rush of independence. I lingered (逗留) in the beauty section, picking up different bottles of shampoo, comparing labels, and enjoying the simple pleasure of making my own choices. No one was there to hurry me along or tell me what to buy. I was free, and it felt amazing. Then, out of nowhere, a woman hurried toward me. She looked to be in her forties, with short, dark hair and a worried expression. “I don’t mean to scare you,” she said in a hushed voice, “but there’s a man following you. He’s been peeking (偷窥) at you from the next aisle.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My heart stopped. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I sighed shaking my head with a knowing smile. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $