专题02 完形填空夹叙夹议类（知识清单）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题02 完形填空---夹叙夹议文 ( 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读 01 】 完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情统计 【知能解读 02 】 完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情解读 【知能解读 03 】 完形填空夹叙夹议文满分思维导图 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破 01 】 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文技法思维导图 【重难点突破 0 2 】 完形填空利用 完形 首句明大意 【重难点突破 0 3 】 完形填空利用瞻前顾后重语境 【重难点突破 0 4 】 完形填空利用词汇复现定答案 【重难点突破 0 5 】 完形填空利用逻辑关系解疑难 【重难点突破 0 6 】 完形填空利用设身处地揣情绪 【重难点突破 0 7 】 完形填空利用生活常识巧选择 【重难点突破 0 8 】 完形填空利用熟词生义巧推断 【重难点突破 0 9 】 完形填空利用语法知识秒解题 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错 01 】 2025 年高考真题熟词生义 22 例 【易混易错 0 2 】 2024 年高考真题熟词生义 35 例 【易混易错 0 3 】 2023 年高考真题熟词生义 33 例 【易混易错 0 4 】 2022 年高考真题熟词生义 25 例 【易混易错 0 5 】 2021 年高考真题熟词生义 29 例 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【方法技巧 0 1 】 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文解题步骤 【方法技巧 0 2 】 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文解题要领 【方法技巧 0 3 】 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文 常见失误及对策 ) 01完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情统计 卷别 体裁 词数 主题 2024全国甲卷 夹叙夹议 276 本文叙述祖母童年故事，阐述作者深切感悟 2021全国乙卷 夹叙夹议 253 文章以护士遇女患者为例，感谢其分内付出 2020全国I卷 夹叙夹议 252 作者借门喻理家长告孩子真相助其破困抓机 02完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情解读 一、选材特点 以记叙文为主, 从题材上看, 内容新颖、时尚, 体现核心素养, 突出励志性、教育性和启发性, 反映正确的价值导向, 彰显正能量。 二、设题特点 主要考查实词。以名词和动词为主, 形容词和副词为辅, 偶尔出现介词和连词。联系上下文设空的题目占了约70%,结合语篇设空的题目占了约30%。 三、语篇特点 全篇设有15个空，设空间距平均为13词左右。首尾句不设空。从语篇理解和语言分析角度，近两三年的完型填空的题目类型可总结为以下几类：词汇复现（原词、同源、近义、上下义）、语境语义、逻辑关系（顺承、因果、转折、对比、列举等）、固定搭配、生活常识及文化背景等。前三者的考查力度相当大。考生要有相应的侧重。 四、解题策略 做题总原则：左顾右盼 + 上下求索；选项的特点：淡化语法，重视语篇；同一小题的四个选项，一般词类相同，语法形式相同。主要看上下文意思通不通，逻辑对不对。 03完形填空夹叙夹议文满分思维导图 01 完形填空夹叙夹议文技法思维导图 02 完形填空利用完形首句明大意 [题型分析]　 完形填空首句一般不设空，题眼往往出现在文章的开头。考生通过把握首句，可以确定文章的主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等，从而把握文章的发展方向，达到顺利“入题”的目的。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练] (2024浙江1月卷) While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in the northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41.encounter with a local that all travelers long for... ... In the course of a couple of hours, he 53.showed me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind, and a willingness to 55.engage with locals from all walks of life. 54．A．traveling　B．reading C．searching D．teaching 54. 本题可以利用“利用首句，明大意”的技法解答。根据下文中的“with an open mind, and a willingness”再结合第一段的第一句可知，作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以此处指带着开放的心态旅行。故答案是A。 03完形填空利用瞻前顾后重语境 [题型分析]　 完形填空着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。考生在做完形填空时，应仔细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注意上下文的呼应，对文章进行整体把握。因此，在做题时考生要有全局意识，开头的题目要从下文中找答案，中间的题目要从上下文中查找信息，下文或最后的题目要从上文中找线索。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练]　(2024新课标Ⅰ卷) I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race.Feeling motivated, I started running 42.regularly, but then two things happened. 41．A．knew　　B．held C．won D．quit 41. 本题可以利用“瞻前顾后，上挂下连”的技法解答。根据上文中的“I've been motivated...by other folks' achievements all my life.”和下文中的“Feeling motivated”可知，此指是指一个社区朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者从其成就中受到激励。故答案是C。 04 完形填空利用词汇复现定答案 [题型分析]　 完形填空选项的设置，命题人往往通过原词复现、同源词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、上下义词复现、代词复现等方式重现已经出现过的词汇。做题时，考生应在把握语篇、透析语境的前提下，留心选项中是否有与上下文中相对应的词汇，运用词汇复现技巧快速锁定答案。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练1] 原词复现(2024新高考全国卷Ⅰ) I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life. ... First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43.training for a “super, ” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I 44.hated it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46.reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 45. A．advantage B．achievement C．contribution D．influence 45. 本题可以利用原词复现解答。根据上文中的“I've been motivated...by other folks' achievement”可知，作者一直因为其他人的成就而得到或失去动力；又根据上文中的“a 52.4-mile double marathon”和“15 miles”可知，与那个女孩的高强度训练相比，作者跑15英里的成就显得很渺小。achievements与空处是原词复现。故答案是B。 [跟踪训练2]同源词复现(2024浙江1月卷) Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 45.attended a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family... It would have been easy to 51.rely on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. 46. A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding 46. 本题可以利用同源词复现解答。根据下文中的“this highway builder”可知，年轻人是公路建设者。builder与空处是同源词复现。故答案是A。 [跟踪训练3] 同义词复现 (2024全国甲卷) There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52.breath while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I 53. admire—her ability to open her 54 underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. 54. A．hands B．mouth C．eyes D．arms 54. 本题可以利用同义词复现解答。根据上文中的“they would walk through deep water...watched all action going on around them”可知，她可以在水下睁开眼。watched与空处是同义词复现。故答案是C。 [跟踪训练4]上义词复现 (2024新课标Ⅰ卷) The 50.problem：The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such 51 . 51. A．dangers B．events C．opponents D．challenges 51. 本题可以利用上义词复现解答。根据上文中的be riding uphill for miles at a time可知，作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，这对作者而言是挑战。challenge是be riding uphill for miles at a time的上义词。故答案是D。 05完形填空利用逻辑关系解疑难 [题型分析]　 语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中，体现作者的写作思路和篇章意义，是贯穿整篇文章的主线。因此，解答完形填空最基本的方法就是根据空格前后所提供的信息或上下文之间的逻辑关系，做出符合逻辑的判断。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练1]并列关系 (2023新课标Ⅱ卷) The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54.flew with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. 53. A．unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful 53. 本题可以利用并列关系解答。根据空格后出现的并列连词and可判定前后语义应该是顺承的，根据下文中的“Tiffy was a great passenger”可知，这次飞行是很顺利的。故答案是D。 [跟踪训练2] 转折关系 (2024浙江1月卷) Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 45.attended a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46.building highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. 47. A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable 47. 本题可以利用转折关系解答。根据本句中的however表示语义转折关系可知，这个年轻人就读两年制职业学校后很快找到了修建高速公路的工作以帮助养家糊口，但是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，由此可推知，这是最非凡的品质。故答案是D。 [跟踪训练3] 因果关系 (2024新课标Ⅰ卷) Between the girl making my 45.achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46.reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 47 cycling. I got a bike and rode a lot. 47. A．gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with 47. 本题可以利用因果关系解答。根据上文中的“the only 46.reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me”和空前的So可知，作者放弃了跑步，把目标转向了骑自行车。下文中的“I got a bike and rode a lot.”也印证了此处。故答案是C。 06完形填空利用设身处地揣情绪 [题型分析]　 完形填空常选取具有教育意义的、充满正能量的记叙文，讲述作者本人经历的或作者所见所闻的某一件充满爱、善良、诚实等正能量的事情，因此考生在做题时不应置身事外，而应融入文章中，站在作者或文章主人公的角度考虑并体会文意。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练] (2023新课标Ⅱ卷) In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41.budget. They could not afford to pay for 42.transportation for their dog, Tiffy, and 43.desperately wanted to take her with them. It just 44.happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45.offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46.pick up Tiffy. ...He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. 55．A．thankful　 B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic 55. 本题可以利用“设身处地，揣情绪”的技法解答。根据上文中对于发生事件的背景介绍，即“夫妇因预算紧张发帖求助运输宠物，作者施以援手”和下文中的“sent me a nice e-mail with pictures”可知，他对作者非常感激。故答案是A。 07完形填空利用生活常识巧选择 [题型分析]　 生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。大部分完形填空试题需要联系上下文进行解答，而这其中有很多是考查生活常识的题目。考生要关心家事、国事、天下事，强大内心，顺利解决现实生活中和试题里的一切问题。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练] (2024全国甲卷) There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52 while they watched all action going on around them. 52．A．secret B．breath C．view D．tongue 52. 本题可以利用“生活常识，巧利用”的技法解答。根据生活常识可知，他们坐在水下，所以会屏住呼吸。故答案是B。 08完形填空利用熟词生义巧推断 [题型分析]　 一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。考生在备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词的生僻意义。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练] (2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) As for Bailey, she is more 51.confused about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn't 53.leave her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” 52．A．game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 52. 本题可以利用“熟词生义，巧推断”的技法解答。根据下文贝利对记者说的话可知，贝利对其他人认为她的行为是一件大事很不理解。deal作为名词，意为“大量、很多”，考生应该非常熟悉，但是deal还有一些不常见的含义，a big deal意为“一件大/重要的事”。 故答案是D。 09完形填空利用语法知识秒解题 [题型分析]　 完形填空中语法知识的考查重点是复合句中的连接词、介词(短语)、“动词＋介词”短语、代词，偶有涉及情态动词。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练]　(2024浙江1月卷)My 43.new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 44 to practice my Chinese. 44．A．chance B．advice C．trouble D．right 44. 本题可以利用“语法知识，助解题”的技法解答。句意：我的新朋友几乎不说英语，所以我很高兴抓住这个机会来练习中文。根据句意及空处前后的took the _____ to practice可知，此处构成固定搭配take the chance to do sth.，意为“抓住机会做某事”。 故答案是A。 01 2025年高考真题熟词生义22例 1. alarm【熟义】：n. 警报（器）；闹钟 【生义】：_____________ Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 2. account for 【熟义】：（数量上、比例上）占比例 【生义】：_____________ We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 3. breakdown【熟义】：n. 故障；破裂 【生义】：_____________ Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 4. border【熟义】：n. 边界 【生义】：_____________ Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 5. cell【熟义】：n. 细胞 【生义】：_____________ Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 6. champion【熟义】：n. 冠军 【生义】：_____________ Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 7. count on【熟义】：指望；依靠 【生义】：_____________ There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 8. cut  【熟义】：v. 切；割；砍 【生义】：_____________ （1）A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） （2）Instead, all the ingredients used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. （2025全国Ⅱ卷） 9. determine【熟义】：v. 决定，决心（做某事）【生义】：_____________ Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 10. following 【熟义】：adj.（时间上）接着的；下述的 【生义】：_____________ Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to grow an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social media.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 11. green  【熟义】：adj. & n. 绿色（的）【生义】：_____________ The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 12. let out【熟义】：放出 【生义】：_____________ You’re driving in a school zone around the time school lets out.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 13. line【熟义】：n. 线；行 【生义】：_____________ Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. （2025全国Ⅱ卷） 14. piece【熟义】：n. 块；碎片；零件；一件 【生义】：_____________ （1）The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy…（2025全国Ⅰ卷） （2）As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 15. place 【熟义】：n. 地点 v.放置 【生义】：_____________ Then I can place the order.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 16. practice【熟义】：v. 练习；实践 【生义】：_____________ Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 17. race【熟义】：n. 赛跑 【生义】：__________ In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 18. shape  【熟义】：n. 形状；【生义】：_____________ Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 19. skirt  【熟义】：n. 裙子 【生义】：_____________  Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 20. spare【熟义】：adj. 不用的；备用的；空闲的 v. 抽出 【生义】：_____________ This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 21. strike 【熟义】：v. 打击；罢工；撞击 【生义】：_____________ They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 22. sun【熟义】：n. 太阳；阳光 【生义】：_____________ … the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 1. alarm【熟义】：n. 警报（器）；闹钟 【生义】：n. 惊恐；惊慌；担心 Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 2. account for 【熟义】：（数量上、比例上）占比例 【生义】：了解，查明 We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 3. breakdown【熟义】：n. 故障；破裂 【生义】：n. 分类；细目列表 Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 4. border【熟义】：n. 边界 【生义】：v. 和……毗邻；与……接壤 Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 5. cell【熟义】：n. 细胞 【生义】：n. 电池 Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 6. champion【熟义】：n. 冠军 【生义】：v. 为……而斗争；捍卫；声援 Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 7. count on【熟义】：指望；依靠 【生义】：v. 期望；预计 There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 8. cut  【熟义】：v. 切；割；砍 【生义】：（1）n. 削减；降低  （2）n. 割下的一块肉 （1）A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） （2）Instead, all the ingredients used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. （2025全国Ⅱ卷） 9. determine【熟义】：v. 决定，决心（做某事）【生义】：v. 确定；查明 Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 10. following 【熟义】：adj.（时间上）接着的；下述的 【生义】：n.（统称）拥护者，追随者 Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to grow an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social media.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 11. green  【熟义】：adj. & n. 绿色（的）【生义】：adj. 环保的 The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 12. let out【熟义】：放出 【生义】：结束；下课_ You’re driving in a school zone around the time school lets out.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 13. line【熟义】：n. 线；行 【生义】：v. 沿……形成行 Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. （2025全国Ⅱ卷） 14. piece【熟义】：n. 块；碎片；零件；一件 【生义】：（1）n. 棋子  （2）n. 文章 （1）The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy…（2025全国Ⅰ卷） （2）As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 15. place 【熟义】：n. 地点 v.放置 【生义】：v.下指示；请求 Then I can place the order.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 16. practice【熟义】：v. 练习；实践 【生义】：v. 从事（医务工作、法律专业等）；执业 Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 17. race【熟义】：n. 赛跑 【生义】：v. 快速移动 In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 18. shape  【熟义】：n. 形状；【生义】：v.决定……的形成；影响……的发展 Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 19. skirt  【熟义】：n. 裙子 【生义】：v. 沿着……的边缘走  Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 20. spare【熟义】：adj. 不用的；备用的；空闲的 v. 抽出 【生义】：v.省得；免去 This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 21. strike 【熟义】：v. 打击；罢工；撞击 【生义】：v. 给（某人以……）印象；让（某人）觉得 They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 22. sun【熟义】：n. 太阳；阳光 【生义】：v. 晒太阳 … the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 02 2024年高考真题熟词生义35例 1. address【熟义】n.地址【生义】v.处理；应对 (2024新课标II卷阅读D篇)This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). 2. call【熟义】v.打电话【生义】n.请求；呼吁 (2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest. 3. chief熟义：最重要的；首要的；主要的【生义】首席的 (2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) …says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit 4. closely【熟义】adv.紧密地，密切地【生义】adv.仔细地 (2024全国甲卷完形填空)She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening closely. 5. condition【熟义】n.状况 【生义】n. 疾病 (2024新课标I卷阅读B篇) Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. 6. cover【熟义】v.覆盖 【生义】①v.报道②v.涉及，处理③v.走完(一段路程) ①(2024新课标I卷听力) Jonson began writing about sports as a second year student at the University of Colorado, covering high school volleyball games for his hometown newspaper. ②(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? ③(2024新课标II卷阅读C篇) However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. 7. draw【熟义】v.画【生义】v.吸引 (2024新课标II卷七选五) Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 8. enter【熟义】v.进入【生义】v.报名参加 (2024新课标I卷完形填空) I got a good bike and rode a lot. I dreamed of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. 9. favor【熟义】n.帮助；恩惠【生义】v.偏袒，特别照顾 (2024全国甲卷完形填空) Like in typical families, where boys were favored much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework. 10. favorite【熟义】adj.最喜爱的【生义】n.最喜欢的东西 (2024新课标I卷语法填空) These plants included modern Western favorites such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 11. geography【熟义】n.地理【生义】n.布局 (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. 12. greens【熟义】adj.绿色的【生义】n.绿叶菜 (2024新课标卷II阅读C篇) The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. 13. introduce【熟义】v.介绍【生义】v.使初次了解/尝试 (2024新课标II卷阅读A篇) This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild. 14. leaf 熟义：叶，叶子；纸页，书页 【生义】翻页 (2024新课标I卷阅读七选五)I can leaf through with my fingers 15. original【熟义】adj.最初的 【生义】adj.原创的 (2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. 16. pose【熟义】n.姿势【生义】v.提出 (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text. 17. piece【熟义】n.碎片【生义】n.文章，报道 (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. 18. point【熟义】v.指向【生义】n.观点 (2024新课标II卷阅读D篇) Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI — the technology companies and world leaders — so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. 19. power【熟义】n.力量【生义】v.驱动 (2024新课标II卷阅读D篇) In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI ... 20. promise【熟义】v.承诺【生义】v.有……的希望；有……的可能 (2024新课标II卷阅读A篇) With environmentalist Eanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. 21. print【熟义】n.印刷 【生义】n.印刷品；出版物 (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text. 22. property【熟义】n.资产【生义】n.性质，特性 (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. 23. role【熟义】n.角色 【生义】n.作用 (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. 24. roll【熟义】v.滚动【生义】v.行驶 (2024新课标I卷读后续写) Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. 25. say【熟义】v.说【生义】v.比方说 (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. 26. sensitive 熟义：敏感的 【生义】易受影响的；需保护的 (2024新课标I卷阅读A篇) …play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species. 27. skip【熟义】v.跳过【生义】v.避开；不做 (2024新课标II卷七选五) Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. 28. side【熟义】n.一边【生义】n.一面；方面 (2024新课标II卷七选五) You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place. 29. sleep 熟义：睡眠 生义：死，长眠 (2024新课标I卷阅读B篇)…she was prepared to put him to sleep. 30. slower【熟义】adj.缓慢的【生义】adj.冷清的 (2024新课标II卷七选五)You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. 31. solid【熟义】adj.固体的【生义】adj.可靠的 (2024新课标II卷阅读C篇) While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. 32. tell【熟义】v.告诉；告知【生义】v.辨别，识别 (2024全国甲卷阅读B篇) That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don’t usually like. 33. throw【熟义】v.投；掷；抛【生义】v.把……拉制成坯 (2024全国甲卷阅读A篇) Wheel Throwing 34. translate【熟义】v.翻译 【生义】v.(使)转变 (2024新课标II卷阅读D篇)... but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. 35. visibility【熟义】n.能见度【生义】n.关注度；知名度 (2024新课标II卷语法填空) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility. 03 2023年高考真题熟词生义33例 1. structure熟义：结构n 生义：总体安排 [2023年1月浙江首考]Camp Structure : The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group... 探险营总体安排：这一天每个年龄组分为两个专题会议... 2. assign熟义：分派，布置（工作、任务）v 生义：确定（价值、功能等） [2023年1月浙江首考]The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. 确定意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。 3. run 熟义：跑v 生义：运行 [2023年1月浙江首考]Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。 4. unfold熟义：打开v 生义：展现，呈现 [2023年1月浙江首考]Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. 一本书，织毛衣，做一个填字游戏，或者只是看看窗外的世界。 5. type n熟义：类型生义：具有某种特征的人 [2023年1月浙江首考]Train trips aren't for impatient types. 火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人。 6. stretch n熟义 v（时间上）延续；（空间上）延伸 生义：一片地域 [2023年1月浙江首考]I followed beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. 我跟着养蜂人齐亚德穿过一片广阔的草原，然后进入了一片茂密的丛林。 7. inch熟义：n 英寸v生义：慢慢移动 [2023年1月浙江首考]Sitting on a branch, he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. 他坐在一根树枝上，慢慢地向蜂箱靠近，用手电筒把烟吹进蜂箱上的一个小洞里。 8. sharp熟义：尖的，锋利的adj. 生义：刺耳的 [2023年1月浙江首考]Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. 突然，齐亚德发出一声刺耳的喊叫。 9. court n熟义：法院，法庭；球场生义：宫廷，宫殿 [2023年1月浙江首考]In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers. 与紫禁城、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同反映的是北京人的草根文化。 10. stuff 熟义：n 东西，物品v生义：塞，填满 [2023年1月浙江首考]I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. 我把一块布塞进洞里，把她带了出去，随手把门牢牢地关上。 11. branch n.熟词：树枝，分枝；生义：分部。 [2023全国甲卷] Head Chef David Thompson opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. 总厨师大卫•汤普森于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这个分店。 12. credit 熟词：n. 信用，信贷；生义：v.认为是……的功劳。 [2023全国甲卷]She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. 她把这些技能归功于她已故的祖父和建造者德里克•劳埃德。 13. split v. 熟词：分裂；分开；生义：分担，分摊。 [2023全国甲卷]Terri avoided losing the deposit on the house she rented by splitting the rent with a roommate. 特里通过和室友分担房子租金避免了她租的房子上的押金。 14. quarter n. 熟词：四分之一；一刻钟，十五分钟；生义：住所，住处 [2023全国甲卷]Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. 在养鸡场和其他农场动物住处做电剑网也很有效地使灰熊远离。 15. voice n. 熟词：嗓音，说话声；生义：意见，呼声 [2023全国甲卷]The voice of the biologists has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies. 生物学家的呼声已经阻止了美国鱼和野生动物的伤害灰熊。 16. square n. 熟词：正方形，正方形物；生义：广场 [2023新高考Ⅰ]Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. 骑自行车是一种最经济、可持续、最有趣的方式来探索这座城市,它的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。 17. strategic adj. 熟词：战略的，策略的；生义：有用的，重要的 [2023新高考Ⅰ] With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. 在重要地点我们的五家租赁商店里,有超过2500辆自行车，我们确保有一辆自行车可供你使用。 18. trap n. 熟词：陷阱，网，圈套，诡计；生义：困境 [2023新高考Ⅰ] You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. 你会听到这些参与者的故事,学习哪些策略对他们来说很有效,以及他们遇到的你应该避免的困境。 19. capitalize v.熟词：提供资金；生义：利用 [2023新高考Ⅰ] This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. 这一效应利用了一个事实,即当人们犯错时,这些错误并不总是一样的。 20. draw熟词：画画；生义：吸引，使感兴趣 [2023新高考ⅠI] Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. 发现为什么艺术家和摄影师继续被吸引到这个特殊的地方。 21. leaf 熟义：n. 叶；叶片；叶子生义：vt 匆匆翻阅；浏览 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out. 当我翻阅小说时，一张纸掉了出来。 22. land熟义：n. 陆地；大地生义： 落；降落；着陆 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]So, all the way across the country, your sister’s old book landed in your hands. 所以，在全国各地，你姐姐的旧书都落在了你手里。 23. issue 熟义：重要议题；争论的问题 生义：一期；期号 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]In every issue, you will find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life, history, philosophy, arts and fashion photography. 在每一期中，你都会发现关于美好生活、历史、哲学、艺术和时尚摄影的采访和文章的有趣组合 24. cover 熟义: v. 掩蔽；遮盖 生义: 包括；包含 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. 2.5小时的游览包括古耶风车、瘦桥、国立博物馆、喜力啤酒厂等。 25. course 熟词：课程生义：跑道 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]On Oct. 1l, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. 10月1日，数百名选手在明尼苏达州参加越野赛。Melanie Bailey本应该比她早完成这门课的。 26. iron熟义：n. 铁 生义：（用熨斗）熨，烫平 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked. 这可能是你帮助朋友做家庭作业的时候，也可能是你在没有被要求的情况下熨衣服的时候。 27. harvest 熟义：n. 收获季节；收割；收获生义：v. 收割（庄稼）；捕猎（动物、鱼） [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. 翻土、拔草、收割卷心菜，对中学生和高中生来说，这听起来像是一项艰巨的工作。 28. produce 熟义：v. 生产；制造 生义：n. 产品；（尤指）农产品 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. 在两所初中和两所高中开设的“城市豆芽”课程包括动手实验，如土壤测试、花和种子解剖、品尝新鲜或干燥的农产品，以及在花园里工作。 29. still 熟义：adv. 还；还是；仍然；依旧 生义：adj. 静止的；平静的；安静的；寂静的 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 无论你画的是静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能地从生活中绘画。 30. correct 熟义：adj. 准确无误的；精确的；正确的 生义v.：改正；纠正；修正 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. 我请姐姐纠正我的语法。 31. shot vt 射击 生义 n 尝试，努力 [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this. 如果你愿意努力，我认为你有很好的机会做到这一点。 32. walk 熟义：n. 行走；步行；徒步旅行；散步生义：a walk of life行业；职业；地位；阶层 [2023全国乙卷]Tan treated women from all walks of life. 谭治疗过各行各业的女性。 33. back 熟义：n. （人体或动物的）背部，背；腰背生义：v. 支持；证实 [2023全国甲卷]Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. 几项研究支持了这一观点，并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。 04 2022年高考真题熟词生义25例 1. accept熟义:v.接受;接纳 生义: v.忍受;承受 (2022·全国乙卷·D)However，some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. 然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，因为担心惹恼消费者而拒绝改变。 2. celebrate熟义:v.庆祝生义:v.赞美,颂扬 (2022·全国乙卷·A)This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn comes to London. 这场展览将在伦敦举行,展出苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的60多幅杰作,以纪念他的一生和作品。 3. creature 熟义:n.生物，动物 生义: n.(具有某种特征的)人 (2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)For a long time. this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures. 长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心的”人的证据。 4. content熟义:n.(容器等)容纳的东西;内容 生义:n.含量 (2022·全国乙卷·D)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. 自4月份以来根据含糖量,饮料公司不得不为其生产或进口的每升含糖饮料支付18至24便士的税。 5. dead熟义:adj.死的 生义: adj. (机械或设备)不运行的，不转动的 (2022·新高考全国I卷·完形填空) We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. 我们被困在湖中，汽车熄火了。 6. draw 熟义:u.拉,拖;拔出;画;吸引生义:v.获取，得到 (2022·新高考全国I卷·A)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. 课堂活动每天都会有所不同，但学生必须做好准备，完成简短的课堂写作或测试,这些内容直接来自指定的阅读材料或上节课的讲座/讨论笔记,因此在课堂上认真记笔记很重要。 7. drive 熟义:n.驾驶;驱车旅行 生义: n.冲劲;干劲 (2022·全国甲卷·D)We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. 我们建立在古老文化基础上，但同时还是一个充满动力和活力的年轻国家。 8. excuse 熟义:vt.原谅;宽恕;n.借口;理由生义:v.准许……离开,请求准予离开 (2022·新高考全国I卷·A)Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted. 因请假缺席而错过的短文将被接受。 9. introduce 熟义:v.介绍;引见 生义: v.推行;实施;采用 (2022·全国乙卷·D)First announced in April, 2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖). 该税收政策与2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5克的软饮料,实施该政策旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。 10. keep 熟义:v.保持;保留;保管生义: v.饲养;供养 (2022·新高考全国I卷·C)She said:“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.” 她说:“我小时候养过母鸡，每天早上上学前都要为它们准备早餐。” 11. period 熟义:n.(一段)时间;时期;阶段 生义:n.学时,课时 (2022·新高考全国I卷·A)An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. 没有按期在课堂上提交论文，每迟交一节课，分数就降为一个等级。 12. pick 熟义:v.摘;采;挑选;选择 生义:n.精品;精华 (2022·全国甲卷·A)Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK's touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiff's oldest surviving traditional theatre. 这座新剧院是加的夫现存最古老的传统剧院，它展示了西区的精华以及英国巡回演出的精品。 13. practice 熟义:n.练习;实践 生义: n.习俗;习惯 (2022·全国甲卷·七选五)The more time you spend in any given country, the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. 你在任何一个国家待的时间越长，你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服。 14. present 熟义:v颁发,授予;赠送;提出;呈递生义:v.推出;上演 (2022·全国乙卷·A)Scottish National Portrait(肖像画)Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.苏格兰国家肖像画廊为公众举办了一系列讲座。 15. produce熟义:v.生产,制造 生义: v.拿出，掏出 (2022·全国甲卷·完形填空)A year later, much to my delight, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. 一年后，令我非常高兴的是,这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。 16. random 熟义:adj.随机的;任意的 生义:adj.不可思议的;出人意料的 (2022·全国甲卷·七选五)Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 这些文化饮食礼仪规则可能看起来不可思议和奇怪，但它们在各个国家都很重要。 17. regard 熟义: v.认为……是;n.尊重 生义: n.关注，注意 (2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)They simply insist on mutual(相互的) recognition and regard. 他们只是坚持相互认可和关注。 18. reject 熟义:v.拒绝;排斥;嫌弃;冷落 生义:v.(因质量不好而)废弃 (2022·新高考全国I卷·B)It's jaw- dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away-from“ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. 虽能食用但因“长相难看”就被杂货店主丢弃的蔬菜,大量未食用就被扔进餐厅垃圾桶的菜肴,这些非常不错的食物就这样被扔掉,简直令人吃惊。 19. roll 熟义:v.滚动;转动生义:v.(雷或鼓)隆隆作响 (2022·新高考全国卷·完形填空) The wind picked up and thunder rolled.狂风大作，雷声隆隆。 20. run 熟义:v.跑;运作;运转 生义: v.发表，刊登 (2022·新高考全国卷·七选五) Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” 《健身》杂志最近发表了一篇题为“感谢锻炼伙伴的五个理由”的文章。 21. stick 熟义:v.刺入;粘住;贴住;伸出生义:v.放置 (2022·新高考全国I卷·B)I stuck the chicken in the freezer.我把鸡肉放在冰箱里。 22. subject 熟义:n.主题;科目;学科 生义:n.实验对象 (2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)Our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。 23. sweep熟义:v.打扫;横扫;掠过生义:n.连绵弯曲的地带 move 熟义:v.移动;搬家;使感动生义:v.促使/迫使(某人……) (2022·全国乙卷·B)The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍)of the people move her to some beautiful writing.大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。 24. switch 熟义:n.开关v.改变;转变;交换 生义:n.(铁路的)道岔 (2022·全国乙卷·C)By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways. detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. 通过使用最新技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在铁路或道岔出现任何安全问题之前检测出故障。 25. way熟义:n. 方面 生义:adv.远远地;大大地 (2022·新高考全国I卷·B)Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. 更糟糕的是,我不假思索地买了太多;我本可以用我扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。 05 2021年高考真题熟词生义29例 1. determine 熟义:v. (使)下决心，(使)做出决定 生义: vt.左右,直接影响 (2021•全国甲卷•D)And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. 我们看得越多，就越会发现像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能直接影响天才的出现。 2. dry熟义:adj.干的;口渴的 生义: vt.把……弄干vi.变干 (2021•新高考I卷•C)Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地). 数百万英亩的湿地被人为弄干涸，以养活和容纳不断增加的人口，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。 3. entry熟义:n.进入;入口 生义: n.参赛作品 (2021•全国甲卷•A)Each year，the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. 每年，参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。 4. event熟义:n.事件,大事 生义: n.比赛项目 (2021•全国乙卷•A)All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.所有这些体育场馆仍在使用,仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。 5. excite 熟义:vt.使激动，使兴奋 生义: vt.激发,引起 (2021•新高考I卷•D)Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion 尽管情商继续受到大众的关注是可取的，但我们希望这种关注能激发人们对情感的科学和学术研究更大的兴趣。 6. flow熟义:v.(使)流动,涌流;流通 生义:n.连贯,流畅 (2021•新高考I卷•B)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. 他的工作就是坐在钢琴师旁边，翻动乐谱，这样音乐家就不用自己动手破坏音流了。 我9岁那年，在一月一个灰蒙蒙的早晨，我们收拾好去洛杉矶的行装,来到伦敦希思罗机场。 7. given 熟义:prep.考虑到 生义: n.基本事实 (2021•全国乙卷•完形填空)Oh，this isn't for the care I had. I take that as a given. 哦，这不是为了我接受过的照顾。我认为这是理所当然的。 8. grade 熟义:n.成绩，年纪 生义:n.程度 (2021•全国乙卷•完形填空) And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different grades of gratitude.然后我意识到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激的词汇，事情会简单得多。 9.gray熟义:adj.灰色的;苍白的 生义:adj.阴沉沉的 (2021•全国甲卷•C)When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. 10. head 熟义:n.头 生义:n.负责人 (2021•全国甲卷•B)Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said:“Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family...” 林普尼港犀牛部门的负责人保罗•比尔说:“显然，我们都非常高兴地欢迎另一头小犀牛加入我们的黑犀牛家族……” 11. inform 熟义:vt.通知;告诉 生义: vt.对……有影响 (2021•全国乙卷•A)In around 80 A.D..the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. 大约在公元80年，罗马人建造了罗马斗兽场,它仍然是世界上最著名的体育场,并继续影响着当代的设计。 12. must熟义: modal verb.必须;一定 生义:n.绝对必要的事物 (2021•新高考I卷•语法填空)While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit! 当你在中国时,黄山是必游之地! 13. note 熟义:n.笔记;vt.注意;记录;注解 生义:n.音符;纸币，钞票 (2021•新高考I卷•B)He's interested in the music, feeling every note ... 他对音乐感兴趣，感受着每一个音符…… (2021•全国乙卷•完形填空)When she reached one nurse, she tried to press a five pound note into her hand. 当她走到一个护士跟前时，她试图把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她手里。 14. makeup熟义:n.化妆品 生义:n.性格，气质 (2021•新高考I卷•D)Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” 现在许多人将情商误解为几乎所有无法通过智商测试衡量的人的气质，例如性格、动机、信心、心理稳定性、乐观和“人际交往能力”。 15. passage 熟义:n.一段文章 生义:n.通过 (2021•新高考I卷•C)In1934，with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act),an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.1934年,随着《候鸟狩猎印花税法》的通过，一个日益关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，以阻止对迁徙水禽和对其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。 16. plant熟义:n.植物 生义:n.工厂,车间 (2021•新高考I卷•完形填空)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break. 春假期间，碰巧市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙。 17. point 熟义:n.要点;得分;vt.指向 生义:n.地方,地点 (2021•全国甲卷•A)Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. 我沿着一条穿过森林的小路向当地的舒林西勒高地走去，遇到了一小块空地，立即注意到了在新雪的映衬下枯黄的草丛。 18. pour熟义:v.灌,倒;倾泻 生义: vi.不断涌向 (2021•全国乙卷•A)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. 从古希腊时代起，人们就一直不断涌入体育场馆。 19. pressure熟义:n.压力 生义:n.逼迫，使迫不得已 (2021•全国乙卷•C)Von Wonghopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint. 冯•王希望他的工作也能帮助迫使大公司减少他们的塑料足迹。 20. ride 熟义:v.骑•乘(自行车、摩托车或马等) 生义:vt.乘坐 (2021•全国乙卷•七选五)I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back. 我和这些疯狂的人一起乘坐公交车，他们在后面嘲笑愚蠢的笑话。 21. role 熟义:n.角色 生义:n.职责 (2021•新高考I卷•完形填空)Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. 我们在工厂的职责很简单:将蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 22. run熟义:v.奔跑 生义:vt.经营，运转 (2021•全国甲卷•B)Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding(繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽).负责繁育计划的林普尼港保护区迎来了一只稀有的黑犀牛幼崽。 23. score 熟义:n.分数;vi.得分;记分 生义:n.乐谱,总谱; vt.淘到 (2021•全国甲卷•七选五)It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time. 这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里淘到衣服并同时举办派对的最佳方式。 24. seat熟义:n.座位 生义:vt.可容纳 (2021•全国乙卷•A)Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50.000 people. 罗马斗兽场高157英尺，有80个入口，可容纳5万人。 25. set熟义:.放，置，使处于;使开始 生义:vi.(日、月)落沉 (2021•全国甲卷•A)I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb. I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west. 我爬到一个小山丘的顶部,意识到雾只有几英尺深，虽然攀爬的路程很短，但我发现自己已经完全爬到了山顶上，在夕阳西下的背景下，我看到了斯基多非常清晰的景色。 26. shot 熟义:n.发射;射手;镜头;v.射击(shoot的过去式) 生义:n.少量饮料，(尤指)少量烈酒 (2021•新高考I卷•A)Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots bar crawls and karaoke. 亚历山德罗宫旅馆很有趣。工作人员为客人举办了许多酒吧活动，如免费酒水酒吧爬行和卡拉OK。 27. sink熟义:v.下沉;使(船只)沉没 生义:n.洗涤槽,水槽 (2021•新高考卷•读后续写)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. 珍娜把烧焦的一块扔进水槽里，然后放入另一片面包。 28. stand 熟义:vi.站立;位于 生义: n.支架 (2021•新高考I卷•B) “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily, I was able to catch them and put them back.” 蒂特顿先生说:“我正在翻页为下一页做准备，但翻页的风导致备用页从架子上掉下来，幸运的是我抓住了它们并将它们放回去。” 29. weight 熟义:n.重量,重力 生义: n.重担，压力 (2021•全国乙卷•七选五) He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most. 他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬压力的人。 01 完形填空夹叙夹议文解题步骤 02 完形填空夹叙夹议文解题要领 解题要领 内容解读 分析结构，抓住作者观点 借助文章结构，即事例→观点，观点→事例，观点→事例→观点，体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的写作思路。 重视首句，把握文章主题 首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。 叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵 夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合对人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。 抓住转换，理清逻辑关系 抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。 03 完形填空夹叙夹议文常见失误及对策 夹叙夹议文兼具叙事的连贯性与议论的逻辑性，既要求理解故事情节发展，又需把握作者观点态度，因此解题时易因忽略文体特性出现失误。以下结合该文体特点，针对常见问题展开详细分析并提供实用对策：​ 一、没有严格遵循答题步骤，忽略语篇逻辑关联​ 夹叙夹议文的核心在于 “叙为议服务”，叙事部分铺垫背景、提供论据，议论部分点明主旨、升华观点，二者紧密衔接。许多同学解题时急于求成，拿到题目后直接逐空分析选项，仅关注空格前后的短语搭配或语法规则，忽略了 “叙事线索如何推动议论展开” 这一核心逻辑。例如，在讲述人物经历的段落中，若跳过对事件起因、经过的整体梳理，直接选择描述人物动作或情感的词汇，可能会与后文议论部分强调的 “成长感悟”“人生道理” 脱节，导致语义矛盾。​ 切记：需用 2-3 分钟完成 “两步初读”。 第一步，快速浏览全文，重点关注首段（通常交代故事背景或引出话题）、尾段（往往总结观点、点明主旨）以及叙事部分的时间、地点、人物关系变化，初步搭建 “叙事 - 议论”的逻辑框架； 第二步，带着 “故事想说明什么道理” 的疑问再次略读，标记出议论性语句（如含转折词 but、however，总结词 therefore、in conclusion，观点词 think、believe 等的句子），明确叙事与议论的衔接节点，再逐个填空，避免 “断章取义”。​ 二、不注意积累答题技巧，错失关键线索​ 夹叙夹议文的解题线索既隐藏在叙事的细节中，也体现在议论的逻辑里，部分同学因缺乏针对性技巧，常陷入 “线索视而不见、选择全凭感觉” 的困境，具体表现为三类问题：​ 第一类：忽略首句的 “总起 / 铺垫”作用：夹叙夹议文的首句多为叙事开篇（如 “Last summer, I volunteered at a community center”）或议论引子（如 “Every small act of kindness can make a big difference”），不仅交代核心背景，还会暗示全文基调。若跳过首句直接解题，可能无法把握故事的情感走向（如温暖、遗憾、励志）或议论的核心话题（如 “坚持”“责任”“包容”），导致后续选择偏离主题。​ 第二类：忽视 “叙事细节与议论观点” 的照应关系：此类文章中，叙事部分的细节（人物的动作、环境的描写、事件的结果）往往是议论观点的 “论据支撑”，而议论语句又会反过来暗示叙事的发展方向。例如，后文议论 “Perseverance helps us overcome difficulties”，前文叙事中大概率会有 “人物遇到挫折却不放弃” 的细节，若忽略这种照应，可能会误选与 “坚持” 无关的词汇（如 “give up”“quit”）。​ 第三类：面对长难句时缺乏 “拆分逻辑” 的能力：夹叙夹议文中常出现含多个从句的长句（如 “After I failed the math exam for the second time, my teacher told me that it was not the result but the effort that mattered”），部分同学因不会拆分句子结构，难以区分 “叙事内容”（前半句 “考试失利”）与 “议论观点”（后半句 “努力比结果重要”），导致对语义的理解模糊，最终随意选择选项。​ 切记：需针对性积累三类核心技巧：​ 首句定位法：解题前先圈出首句中的关键信息（时间、人物、核心事件、观点关键词），将其作为 “解题锚点”，后续每道题的选择都需围绕首句暗示的基调或话题展开，避免偏离主线。​ 线索呼应法：填空时随时关注 “前后文线索”，一方面找叙事细节的 “复现词”，另一方面找 “议论观点对叙事的暗示”，需回顾前文事件，选择与教训/ 感悟匹配的词汇），通过双向呼应验证选项合理性。​ 长句拆分法：遇到长句时，先找出句子主干（主谓宾结构），区分叙事部分和议论部分，再逐层理解语义。 三、时间安排不当，导致 会做的没做好，难的没思路​ 夹叙夹议文的题目难度分布通常呈阶梯式：前半部分叙事题（如考查动词、名词的基础搭配）较简单，中间部分 “叙事-议论衔接题”（如考查转折、因果关系的连词）难度中等，后半部分议论观点题（如考查抽象名词、观点态度的形容词）难度较高。许多同学解题时习惯 “按顺序逐题死磕”，遇到难题时反复纠结，浪费大量时间，导致后面简单的题目因时间紧张仓促作答，甚至来不及检查；还有部分同学为追求速度，对简单题也草草浏览，忽略细节线索，造成不必要的失误。​ 切记：需遵循 “总分总”的时间分配原则，以一篇 20 空、建议用时 15-18 分钟的完形填空为例：​ 初读定调（2-3 分钟）：如前文所述，快速梳理叙事脉络与议论主旨，不纠结具体空格，避免因细节浪费时间。分层解题（10-12 分钟）：按 “易-中-难” 顺序推进：​ 先做 “基础信息题”（如考查时间、地点、人物动作的名词、动词，答案多能从前后文直接找到线索），这类题目占比约 40%，快速完成可建立解题信心；​ 再做 “逻辑衔接题”（如考查转折、因果、让步关系的连词 but、so、though，或考查指代关系的代词 it、they），这类题目需结合 “叙事-议论” 的逻辑关系分析，占比约 30%；​ 最后攻克 “观点理解题”（如考查作者态度的形容词 positive、negative，或考查抽象概念的名词 courage、wisdom），这类题目需结合全文主旨判断，若暂时无思路，可先标记，避免卡壳。​ 复盘检查（2-3 分钟）：完成所有空格后，再次通读全文，重点检查 “逻辑衔接题”和“观点理解题” 是否与主旨一致，同时关注语法搭配是否正确，若发现语义矛盾或搭配不当，及时修正。 ( 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文 综合能力提升 ) 真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维 01 (2024全国甲卷) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the 41 to help my grandmother wash dishes. 42 my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood. Born just before WWII, my grandmother 43 an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to 44 . Like in typical families, where boys were 45 much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do 46 . The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to 47 was when her brother was having Chinese 48 with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening 49 . This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down — a skill that has turned out to be quite 50 , especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the 51 . There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52 while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I 53 — her ability to open her 54 underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. My childhood is quite 55 compared with hers. I am 56 that I did not need to 57 the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of 58 . I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 59 to: her stories always make my history textbooks 60 . 41. A. sitting room B. kitchen C. yard D. dining hall 42. A. As always B. By the way C. For example D. Here and now 43. A. adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D. experienced 44. A. work B. school C. court D. press 45. A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D. acknowledged 46. A. gardening B. homework C. business D. housework 47. A. exercise B. study C. explore D. teach 48. A. food B. guests C. lessons D. tea 49. A. closely B. directly C. nervously D. freely 50. A. professional B. awkward C. simple D. practical 51. A. market B. mountain C. beach D. class 52. A. secret B. breath C. view D. tongue 53. A. admire B. notice C. adopt D. value 54. A. hands B. mouth C. eyes D. arms 55. A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar 56. A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful 57. A. reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D. prepare for 58. A. unemployment B. health C. education D. communication 59. A. attend B. refer C. lead D. talk 60. A. come true B. come round C. come out D. come alive 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. C 59. D 60. D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者祖母的童年故事，以及作者从故事中得到的感悟。 41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当大人们在外面忙于严肃的谈话时，我一个人留在厨房里帮奶奶洗碗。A. sitting room客厅；B. kitchen厨房；C. yard院子；D. dining hall餐厅。根据下文“to help my grandmother wash dishes”可推知，此处指作者在厨房洗碗。故选B。 42.考查副词短语辨析。句意：一如既往地，我的祖母会给我讲她童年的故事。As always一如既往；B. By the way顺便说一句；C. For example例如；D. Here and now此时此地。根据语境，结合下文“my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood”可推知，此处指作者的祖母经常给作者讲童年故事，这次一如既往的给作者讲她童年的故事。故选A。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的祖母出生在二战前夕，她的童年生活方式与我的完全不同。A. adjusted调整；B. promoted促进；C. achieved完成；D. experienced经历。根据下文“an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine”可推知，此处指祖母经历的童年与作者的不同。故选D。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有机会上学。A. work工作；B. school学校；C. court法院；D. press出版社。根据下文“The only opportunity she could seize to 47 was when her brother was having Chinese __48__ with the family tutor”可推知，此处在指祖母生活的年代，她是没有机会上学的。故选B。 45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A. favored赞成；B. tolerated容忍；C. trusted信任；D. acknowledged承认。根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school. Like in typical families”并结合语境可推知，此处指作者祖母生活的年代是重男轻女的，所以祖母才不被允许上学。故选A。 46.考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像典型的重男轻女的家庭一样，我奶奶不得不呆在家里做家务。A.gardening园艺；B. homework家庭作业；C. business商务；D. housework家务。结合语境，再根据上文“my grandma had to stay at home”可推知，此处指作者祖母在家里做家务。故选D。 47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A. exercise锻炼；B. study学习；C. explore探索；D. teach教学。根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母不被允许上学，自己找机会学习。故选B。 48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她唯一能抓住的学习机会是当她的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课的时候。A. food食物；B. guests客人；C. lessons课程；D. tea茶。根据上文“having Chinese”以及下文“with the family tutor”可推知，此处指祖母的哥哥和家庭教师一起上语文课。故选C。 49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：她会安静地坐在长长的餐桌的另一端，仔细地听着。A.closely仔细地、紧密地；B. directly直接地；C. nervously紧张地；D. freely自由地。根据上文“The only opportunity she could seize to study was when her brother was having Chinese lessons with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table”可推知，此处指祖母抓住学习机会，仔细地旁听学习。故选A。 50.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项训练教会了她把中文倒过来读和写——这项技能被证明是非常实用的，尤其是当我们分享报纸的时候。A. professional专业的；B. awkward令人尴尬的；C. simple简单的；D. practical实用的。根据上文“This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down”以及下文“especially whenever we share the newspaper”可推知，此处指祖母学会的技能是非常实用的。故选D。 51.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在大多数周末，我的祖母，当时还是个小女孩，和她的哥哥会去海滩。A. market市场；B. mountain山；C. beach海滩；D. class班级。根据下文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此处指祖母和哥哥去海滩玩水。故选C。 52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他们会穿过深水，盘腿坐在水下，屏住呼吸，看着周围发生的一切。A. secret秘密；B. breath呼吸；C. view视野；D. tongue舌头。根据上文“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可推知，此处指祖母和哥哥在水下屏住呼吸。故选B。 53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. admire钦佩；B. notice注意到；C. adopt采纳；D. value重视。根据下文“her ability to open her 54 underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指作者佩服祖母在水里的能力。故选A。 54.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩她在水下张开嘴，还能舒服地坐在海底的能力。A. hands手；B. mouth嘴；C. eyes眼睛；D. arms胳膊。根据上文“open her”以及下文“still sit comfortably on the seabed”可推知，此处指祖母张开嘴在水底坐着。故选C。 55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与她的童年相比，我的童年相当快乐。A. difficult困难的；B. complex复杂的；C. happy快乐的；D. similar相似的。通读全文，再根据“compared with hers”可推知，此处指与祖母的童年经历相比，作者的童年相当快乐。故选C。 56.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A. grateful感激的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. convinced深信不疑的；D. regretful后悔的。根据上文“My childhood is quite happy compared with hers.”可推知，此处指作者很感激自己的童年是快乐的。故选A。 57.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我很感激我不需要像她那样经历磨难。A. reflect upon思考；B. go through经历；C. ask about询问；D. prepare for准备。根据上文“I am grateful that I did not need”以及下文“the hardships like she did”可推知，此处指作者感激自己不需要经历祖母经历过的那些磨难。故选B。 58.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有遇到过受教育的问题。A. unemployment失业；B. health健康；C. education教育；D. communication沟通。通读全文，再根据上文“She did not have a chance to go to school.”可推知，文章主要讲了祖母不被允许上学，没受过教育的困境，所以此处指作者从来没有遇到过受教育的问题。故选C。 59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. attend出席；B. refer参考；C. lead领导；D. talk对话、讨论。结合上文祖母给作者讲故事，再根据上文“makes my grandmother such an amazing person”可推知，此处指祖母的经历使祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人。talk to“与某人交谈”。故选D。 60.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想是我们不同的童年背景让我的祖母成为了一个交谈时令人惊叹的人：她的故事总是让我的历史教科书鲜活起来。A. come true成真；B. come round苏醒；C. come out出现；D. come alive变得生动。根据上文“I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to talk to: her stories always make my history textbooks”可推知，此处指作者祖母的经历和故事丰富了作者的人生，使历史书上的故事变得生动鲜活，跃然纸上。故选D。 02 (2021全国乙卷) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a 41 just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 42 of gratitude(感谢). My thoughts were soon 43 . We had a woman patient who was 44 from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while 45 to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was 46 discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 47 the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though 48 , and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks. She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her 50 at her recovery. As she was 51 she was eager to say 52 to each of us in the nursing team. When she 53 one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague 54 to accept it, saying that we were all just 55 our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then 56 :“Oh this isn't for the 57 I had. I take that as a 58 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” And there you have it. To many people, 59 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an 60 and should be rewarded. 41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor 42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations 43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account 44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering 45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising 46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly 47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving 48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily 49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful 50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment 51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving 52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes 53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded 54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused 55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting 56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported 57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care 58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting 59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building 60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra 【答案】41-45 CABDA 46-50 ABCAB 51-55 DCADB 56-60 CDBCD 【导读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过作者做护士期间遇到的一个女病人为例，表达了我们应该对别人的付出表示真诚的感谢，即使他们只是做了自己分内的事。 41. C。句意：几周前我在做护士的时候就在考虑这个问题。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist化学家，药剂师；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。根据下文的“as she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team.”可知，当时作者是一名护士。 42. A。句意：我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激之情的词语，那会容易得多。A. grades分数，级别，程度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需求；D. expectations期待。根据上文的“simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations”可知，作者认为如果有表达不同程度感谢的词，那么感谢就容易得多了。 43. B。句意：我的想法很快就进行了测验。A. brushed aside撇开；B. put to the test经受考验，接受……的考验；C. brought under discussion在讨论中；D. taken into account考虑。结合下文讲述女病人对护士们的所为，可知作者的想法立即接受了测验。 44. D。句意：我们有一个病人膝盖置换手术后正在康复。A. departing出发，离开；B. escaping逃跑；C. retiring退休；D. recovering恢复。结合下文提到手术和病人从床上摔下来可知，病人正在恢复中。 45. A。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. attempting试图，尝试；B. choosing选择；C. pausing暂停；D. promising承诺。结合上文提到这是个膝盖有伤的病人，可推知她尝试着自己上床。 46. A。句意：一天下午，当她试图上床睡觉时，她因心脏病而摔倒了。A. eventually最后；B. fortunately幸运地；C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。结合上文病人是因为膝盖置换手术而住院，由此可知，此处是指最终发现摔倒是因为心脏病。 47. B。句意：这次摔倒是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。A. assessing评估；B. requiring需要；C. forming形成；D. proving证明。根据“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要想把病人治好需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。 48. C。句意：虽然很慢，但她恢复了，四周后就可以出院了。A. slightly轻微地；B. accidently意外地；C. slowly缓慢地；D. happily幸福地。根据上文的“the collapse was disastrous”可知，要从灾难性的病痛中恢复一定很慢。 49. A。句意：她对医疗及护士团队为她所作的一切都非常感激。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的；D. fearful恐惧的。结合下文女病人离开前和大家一一道别，推知她对大家的付出表示感激。 50. B。句意：在她出院那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。A. surprise惊喜；B. delight喜悦；C. curiosity好奇心；D. disappointment失望。根据下文的“her recovery”可知，此处是指分享她康复的喜悦。 51. D。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. operating手术；B. thinking思考；C. hesitating犹豫；D. leaving离开。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，所以此处是指当她即将离开医院时。 52. C。句意：当她要离开时，她急切地想和我们护理队的每一个人说再见。A. sorry抱歉；B. hello你好；C. goodbye再见；D. yes同意。根据上文的“on her day of discharge”可知，女病人要出院了，由此推知她对护理团队的人告别，say goodbye to sb.“和某人告别”符合语境。 53. A。句意：当她走到一个护士身边时，她试图塞一张五英镑的钞票在她手里。A. reached到达；B. consulted咨询；C. introduced介绍；D. persuaded说服。结合上文提到女病人出院时要和护士们一一道别可知，此处是指她走到一个护士的身边，用“reach”符合语境。 54. D。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. wished希望；B. pretended假装；C. failed失败；D. refused拒绝。结合常识和下文的“we were all just 13 our job”可知，作者的同事拒绝收下女士给的钱。 55. B。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是做了自己的工作而已。A. enjoying享受；B. doing做；C. securing获得，保护；D. starting开始。根据上文提到作者的同事拒绝收下钱可推知，她认为照顾病人只是做了自己应该做的事情而已。 56. C。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. repeated重复；B. recited背诵；C. replied回答，回应；D. reported报道。结合上文作者同事说照顾女士是自己的工作，不应该得到额外的礼物可知，此处是女病人对同事说的话的回应。 57. D。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. courage勇气；B. patience耐心；C. duty职责；D. care照顾。根据下文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”可知，女病人并不是因为护士的照顾才给的五英镑。 58. B。句意：这个病人开起来很困惑，然后回复到：“噢，这不是因为我接受的照顾。我认为它是应该的。不，这是昨天给我做头发的。”A. goal目标；B. given该给的东西；C. push推力；D. greeting招呼。根据上文的“No, this is for setting my hair yesterday”推知，女病人认为她得到的照顾是护士们应该给她的（东西）。 59. C。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但发型是额外的，应该得到奖励。A. risking冒险；B. changing改变；C. saving拯救，挽救；D. building建设。根据上文内容可知，医生和护理团队拯救了女病人的生命可知，此处指很多人认为拯救生命是医生和护士工作的一部分。 60. D。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是额外的事情，应该得到奖励。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开口处；D. extra额外的东西。根据下文的“To many people， 59 lives is part of the job”和“but”可知，此处指做发型是本职工作以外的事情，即额外做的事情，应该得到奖励。 03 (2020全国I卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door. I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical（比喻） meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, “What if it isn’t a door?” That is, “What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity?” Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, “No. We can’t go outside now.” Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through. 41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case 42. A. admit B. believe C mean D. realize 43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually 44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth 45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly 46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting 47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out 48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact 49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers 50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences 51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt 52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral 53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original 54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history 55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of 56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of 57. A. real B. typical C. similar D. limited 58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret 59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept 60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend 【答案】41-45 CABDA 46-50 DCBAD 51-55 BCBAD 56-60 BACDC 【导读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者以现实中的门，引申出生活中的“门”，从而探讨了一种教育理念。作者认为家长们不要害怕告诉孩子们真相，这样，孩子们才可以在生活的道路上，不再被各种“进退两难”所困扰，从而抓住机遇，勇往直前。 41. C。句意：原因是明显的。relief安慰；target目标；reason原因；case情况。根据下文If we 42 it is a door, they'll want to go outside 43 . 可知这里作者在解释把门说成窗户的原因。所以这里意思是“原因是明显的” 43. A。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。admit 承认；believe相信；mean意味着；realize意识到。下文they'll want to go outside 43 .说他们就会经常想出去，那必然是作者承认了它是一扇门。 43. B。句意：如果我们承认它是一扇门，他们就会不断地想出去。gradually逐步地； constantly不断地； temporarily临时地；casually随便地。根据下文I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, "No. We can't go outside now. "可推测出，孩子们会不断地想出去。 44. D。句意：孩子们显然知道这个真相。result结果danger危险method方法truth真相。下文But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door.说阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试，和下文的I hate lying to the kids.可知孩子们是知道真相的。 45. A。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只不过是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。merely只不过；slightly轻微地； hardly几乎不； partly部分地。我在搪塞孩子们，所以轻描淡写地说，它不过是一扇窗户而已。 46. D。句意：但是，我们坚持说它只是一扇窗户，阻止了他们无数次要求打开这扇门的尝试。reviewing回顾；approving赞成；receiving收到； attempting尝试。根据millions of requests to open the door可知孩子们是想尝试打开门。 47. C。 句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。win out最后获得成功；give up放弃；wake up开始了解真相；stand out站出来。根据and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48 .可知有一天，孩子们会开始了解真相。 48. B。句意：有一天，他们会开始了解真相，并且发现，一直以来，他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。 dream梦想； lie谎言； fantasy幻想； fact事实。根据I hate lying to the kids.以及结合前文作者把门说成窗户，可知这里意思是他们所知道的关于窗户的一切，是一个谎言。 49. A。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。parents父母twins双胞胎colleagues同事teachers老师。根据下文to our children，可知这里意思是作者想知道父母是否应该说出真相。 50. D。句意：我想知道父母是否应该说出真相，无论结果如何。 restrictions限制； explanations解释； differences差异； consequences结果。根据they'll want to go outside 48 .可知一旦我说出真相，孩子们就总想着打开门出去，这是一种说出真相的“后果”。 51. B。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。 demand要求； fear害怕； desire欲望； doubt怀疑。根据that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to our children.和Maybe it's an unreasonable fear.可知这是让我强烈害怕的事情。 52. C。句意：我有一种强烈的害怕，害怕我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。 physical身体的；B biological生物的； spiritual心灵的； behavioral行为的。下文说家长们的撒谎行为会让孩子们面对机会时，犹豫不前。由此可知，这是对孩子们心灵上造成了伤害。 53. B。 句意：窗户和门有重要的比喻意义。traditional传统的；important重要的； double双重的；original原来的。下文说假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。由此可知，窗户和门的比喻意义是非常重要的。 54. A。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。根据Then when they come to other doors in life可知这里意思是在生活中遇到比喻的门。 55. D。句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。by comparison with与…相比； in addition to除…之外； regardless of不管； instead of而不是。对孩子们撒谎，今后，孩子们面对生活中的“门”时，会观望，而不是打开“门”。 56. B。 句意：假如他们将来在生活中遇到比喻的门，将会怎么样，就像某种机会，他们不是打开门，抓住机会，而是凝视着它，想知道“假如它不是一扇门，将会怎么样”。get hold of抓住；stare at凝视；knock on敲击（门、窗）；make use of利用。孩子们遇到机会，不是马上抓住它，而是在考虑很多问题。由此可知，孩子们在凝视着“机会”。 57. A。句意：也就是说，假如它不是一个真的机会，将会怎么样？real真的；typical典型的；similar相似的；limited有限的。孩子们面对机会，犹豫不前，是在质疑机会的真实性。 58. C。句意：但是，底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。safety rule安全守则； comfort zone舒适带; bottom line底线；top secret绝密的。根据I shouldn't lie to my kids.可知这是我的底线。 59. D。句意：我应该只是接受重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。” delay推迟； regret后悔；enjoy享受；accept接受。当我告知孩子们真相时，我也不得不重复的说：“不，我们现在不能去外面。”这是一个现实，我只能接受。 60. C。句意：然后，当他们遇到生活中的其他门时，或真实或比喻，他们将毫不犹豫的打开它们，然后走过去。hurry匆忙；decide决定；hesitate犹豫；intend打算。根据and walk through.可知当告知孩子们真相时，孩子们将不再犹豫，大踏步向前走。 模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考 01（2025·辽宁·模拟预测）It was a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to 1 me as I walked out on my porch. Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be 2 by bugs and moths on this sticky summer evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adapt to the 3 of light. My dog stood beside me waiting 4 for me to start her walk. It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the grassland was 5 by another and then another. I smiled. I recognized them at once as my firefly friends, who always 6 this time of the year. Witnessing them initially during my childhood days and later in my adulthood has provided me with immeasurable joy. They never became 7 and they always filled me with delight. During my childhood, I would often rest in the soft embrace of the grass, my gaze fixed upon them as they flew about, their lights twinkling on and off like distant stars 8 in the earthly world. I never caught and put one in a jar as some kids did because I was 9 I might kill it and I never wanted to hurt these 10 of light. Their time on this earth was so 11 as it was. I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always saddened me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart 12 when they reappeared the next summer. I believe my profound fondness for these little fireflies stems from the recognition that, in numerous aspects, we bear a 13 to them. Our existence upon this earth is fleeting. Often our light and love are more like on and off blinks rather than a 14 shine. Let’s share our light and love while we are here then, like the 15 . 1．A．greet B．watch C．approach D．protect 2．A．covered B．surrounded C．held D．stopped 3．A．existence B．lack C．test D．impact 4．A．nervously B．confidently C．eagerly D．carefully 5．A．followed B．caught C．appeared D．brought 6．A．broke in B．went by C．showed up D．got across 7．A．familiar B．dull C．dangerous D．appealing 8．A．travelling B．looking C．waiting D．dancing 9．A．afraid B．sure C．guilty D．ashamed 10．A．holders B．gatherers C．supporters D．messengers 11．A．swift B．tough C．brief D．permanent 12．A．melt B．sink C．race D．sing 13．A．response B．similarity C．contribution D．contrast 14．A．considerable B．bright C．regular D．steady 15．A．moths B．bugs C．fireflies D．stars 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者晚上到院子里，遇到喜爱的萤火虫，并且认为人类和萤火虫一样，在这个星球上，生命短暂，但即便如此，我们也要努力地用微光照亮世界。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走出门廊时，厚厚的、黑暗的、灰色的云确保没有星光或月光来迎接我。A. greet问候；B. watch观看；C. approach靠近；D. protect保护。根据上文“there was no starlight or moonlight to”可知，此处指没有星光或月光来迎接作者。故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是关着门廊的灯，因为我不想在这个闷热的夏夜被虫子和飞蛾包围。A. covered覆盖；B. surrounded包围；C. held持有；D. stopped停止。根据后文“by bugs and moths”可知，关灯是因为不想被虫子和飞蛾包围。故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在那里站了一会儿，让我的眼睛适应光线不足的环境。A. existence存在；B. lack缺少；C. test测试；D. impact影响。根据上文的“there was no starlight or moonlight”和“I kept the porch light off”可知，当时没有光，作者在那里站了一会儿，是为了让眼睛适应光线不足的情况。故选B。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的狗站在我旁边急切地等着我带它去散步。A. nervously紧张地；B. confidently自信地；C. eagerly急切地；D. carefully仔细地。根据后文“for me to start her walk”可知，此处指狗急切地等待作者带它去散步。故选C。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在草地的另一端，第一次闪光，接着是另一次，然后是另一次。A. followed跟随；B. caught抓住；C. appeared出现；D. brought带来。根据后文“by another and then another”可知，闪光接着一次又一次。故选A。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我立刻认出它们是我的萤火虫朋友，它们总是在每年的这个时候出现。A. broke in闯入；B. went by流逝；C. showed up出现；D. got across被理解。根据上文“I recognized them at once as my firefly friends, who always”以及常识可知，萤火虫总是在每年的夏季晚上出现。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们从不乏味，总是让我充满快乐。A. familiar熟悉的；B. dull枯燥的；C. dangerous危险的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据后文“they always filled me with delight”可知，萤火虫总是让作者充满快乐，并不乏味。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：童年时，我常常躺在小草柔软的怀抱里休息，凝视着它们飞来飞去，它们的光芒忽明忽暗，就像遥远的星星在尘世里跳舞。A. travelling旅行；B. looking看；C. waiting等待；D. dancing跳舞。根据上文“their lights twinkling on and off like distant stars”可知，作者感到，萤火虫的光忽明忽暗，就像遥远的星星在尘世里跳舞。故选D。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有像一些孩子那样抓住一只放在罐子里，因为我害怕我可能会杀死它，我从来不想伤害这些“光的信使”。A. afraid害怕的；B. sure确信的；C. guilty内疚的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“I might kill it”可知，作者没有抓萤火虫是因为害怕杀死它。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有像一些孩子那样抓住一只放在罐子里，因为我害怕我可能会杀死它，我从来不想伤害这些“光的信使”。A. holders持有人；B. gatherers采集者；C. supporters支持者；D. messengers信使。根据后文“of light”以及萤火虫会发光的特点，可知是“光的信使”。故选D。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们在这个世界上的时间是如此的短暂。A. swift快速的；B. tough艰难的；C. brief短暂的；D. permanent永久的。根据后文“Our existence upon this earth is fleeting.(我们在这个世界上的存在是短暂的)”呼应，作者认为萤火虫在地球上的时间很短暂。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们在秋天消失时，我总是很伤心，当他们第二年夏天再次出现时，我的心总是在歌唱。A. melt融化；B. sink下沉；C. race比赛；D. sing唱歌。根据后面的“when they reappeared the next summer”可知，作者喜欢萤火虫，把它们当朋友，所以它们在第二年夏天再次出现时，作者很开心。这里用心在唱歌形容作者高兴的心情。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信，我对这些小萤火虫的喜爱源于我认识到，在许多方面，我们和它们有相似之处。A. response回答；B. similarity相似性；C. contribution贡献；D. contrast差异。此处指人的生命短暂，根据后文“Our existence upon this earth is fleeting.(我们在这个世界上的存在是短暂的)”可知，作者感慨人类和这些萤火虫一样，人生短暂，有相似性。故选B。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常我们的光和爱更像是断断续续的闪烁，而不是稳定的发光。A. considerable相当大的；B. bright明亮的；C. regular规律的；D. steady稳定的。与前面“on and off blinks”对比，指稳定的闪耀。故选D。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：让我们像萤火虫一样，在这里分享我们的光和爱。A. moths飞蛾；B. bugs虫子；C. fireflies萤火虫；D. stars星星。根据上文“I believe my profound fondness for these little fireflies stems from the recognition that, in numerous aspects, we bear a…to them.”可知，作者认为人和萤火虫相似，所以建议让我们像萤火虫一样，在这里分享我们的光和爱。故选C。 02（2025·江西上饶·二模）I teach at a university. One of the “problems” this 1 is that, as the years pass, I get 2 , but my students remain the same age — 18 to 22. Early on, when I was in my 20s and 30s, this wasn’t a(n) 3 , as we were close enough in age to speak the same language. But lately I have become 4 aware that a linguistic ship seems to have 5 and I am not on board. Let me 6 : Recently, when I walked into my class, my students were 7 warmly with each other. One of their comments 8 my ear. “Venmo it to me.” I had no 9 what “Venmo” meant, so I asked. The 10 students were happy to explain it to me, and in return I 11 with an expression of silly embarrassment. I am not 12 change, but I am uncomfortable with change when its 13 has me hanging on by my fingernails. I once joked to a friend that if I were to awaken from a five-year 14 , I’d have no idea what people were talking about. I just wouldn’t understand the language. It’s a case of the educator becoming the educated, and I congratulate myself on at least having the 15 to know what they’re talking about, as well as on my ability — for the most part — to try to learn to understand them. 1．A．presents B．solves C．ignores D．avoids 2．A．slower B．younger C．wiser D．older 3．A．solution B．issue C．advantage D．opportunity 4．A．rarely B．barely C．strongly D．nearly 5．A．sailed B．arrived C．stopped D．disappeared 6．A．discuss B．show C．describe D．illustrate 7．A．arguing B．chatting C．laughing D．whispering 8．A．ignored B．missed C．caught D．avoided 9．A．idea B．thought C．plan D．sense 10．A．hard-working B．good-natured C．absent-minded D．bad-manners 11．A．waved B．shook C．nodded D．pointed 12．A．addicted to B．accustomed to C．indifferent to D．opposed to 13．A．pace B．slowness C．ease D．difficulty 14．A．adventure B．mission C．dream D．trip 15．A．ability B．desire C．effort D．failure 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者作为大学教师，随着年龄增长与学生产生语言代沟，以“Venmo”为例说明，同时表达了对语言变化速度的感慨。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在一所大学教书。带来的“问题”之一是，随着岁月流逝，我变老了，但我的学生们还是18到22岁。A. presents呈现，引起；B. solves解决；C. ignores忽视；D. avoids避免。前文“One of the ‘problems’”明确指出存在问题，说明这种情况引起了问题。故选A项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在一所大学教书。带来的“问题”之一是，随着岁月流逝，我变老了，但我的学生们还是18到22岁。A. slower更慢的；B. younger更年轻的；C. wiser更明智的；D. older更老的。后文“but my students remain the same age — 18 to 22”中“but”表示转折，说明与学生年龄不变形成对比，作者年龄是在增长，变得更老了。故选D项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：早些时候，当我二十多岁和三十多岁时，这不是一个问题，因为我们年龄相近，有共同语言。A. solution解决办法；B. issue问题；C. advantage优势；D. opportunity机会。根据后文“as we were close enough in age to speak the same language”可知，因为年龄相近有共同语言，所以年龄差异在当时不是一个需要关注的问题。故选B项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但最近我强烈地意识到，一艘语言之船似乎已经启航，而我没赶上。A. rarely很少地；B. barely几乎不；C. strongly强烈地；D. nearly几乎。后文作者描述自己对学生说的“Venmo”一无所知，通过这个具体事例体现出作者强烈地感觉到和学生之间存在语言代沟。故选C项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最近我强烈地意识到，一艘语言之船似乎已经启航，而我没赶上。A. sailed航行；B. arrived到达；C. stopped停止；D. disappeared消失。结合后文“I am not on board”，“on board”通常用于描述上船等情况，所以这里说语言之船已经启航，作者没赶上船，符合语境。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我举例说明：最近，当我走进教室时，我的学生们正在热烈地互相聊天。A. discuss讨论；B. show展示；C. describe描述；D. illustrate举例说明。后文作者详细讲述了在教室听到学生说“Venmo”自己却不理解的事例，这是通过具体例子来进一步说明自己和学生的语言代沟。故选D项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我举例说明：最近，当我走进教室时，我的学生们正在热烈地互相聊天。A. arguing争论；B. chatting聊天；C. laughing大笑；D. whispering低语。根据后文“One of their comments 8 ”可知，“comments”通常是在交流、聊天过程中产生的，所以可以推断出学生们在聊天。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的一句评论引起了我的注意。A. ignored忽视；B. missed错过；C. caught抓住；D. avoided避免。从后文“so I asked”作者因为这句评论去询问“Venmo”的意思可知，这句评论引起了作者的注意；catch one’s ear“引起某人的注意”。故选C项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道“Venmo”是什么意思，所以我问了。A. idea想法；B. thought思想；C. plan计划；D. sense感觉。根据后文“so I asked”可知，作者因为不知道“Venmo”的意思所以去询问；have no idea“不知道”。故选A项。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：友好的学生们很乐意给我解释，作为回报，我带着傻乎乎的尴尬表情点了点头。A. hard-working勤奋的；B. good-natured善良的，友好的；C. absent-minded心不在焉的；D. bad-manners没礼貌的。由后文“were happy to explain it to me”可知，学生们乐意给作者解释，说明学生们很友好。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：友好的学生们很乐意给我解释，作为回报，我带着傻乎乎的尴尬表情点了点头。A. waved挥手；B. shook摇晃；C. nodded点头；D. pointed指着。结合前文学生给作者解释“Venmo”的意思，作者作为回应，通常会点头表示感谢和理解。故选C项。 12．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我并不反对改变，但当改变的速度让我只能拼命跟上时，我会感到不舒服。A. addicted to沉迷于；B. accustomed to习惯于；C. indifferent to漠不关心；D. opposed to反对。后文“but I am uncomfortable with change”中“but”表示转折，说明前面表达的是不反对改变，与后文“感到不舒服”构成转折关系。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我并不反对改变，但当改变的速度让我只能拼命跟上时，我会感到不舒服。A. pace速度；B. slowness缓慢；C. ease轻松；D. difficulty困难。后文“I’d have no idea what people were talking about. I just wouldn’t understand the language.”体现出如果时间间隔久一点，作者就跟不上语言的变化，说明是语言变化的速度让作者感到吃力。故选A项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经和一个朋友开玩笑说，如果我从五年的沉睡中醒来，我会不知道人们在说什么。A. adventure冒险；B. mission任务；C. dream梦，沉睡；D. trip旅行。根据前文“awaken from”可知，作者假设自己从沉睡中醒来。故选C项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个教育者变成受教育者的例子，我为自己至少有了解他们在说什么的渴望而祝贺自己，也为自己——在很大程度上——努力去理解他们的能力而祝贺自己。A. ability能力；B. desire愿望，渴望；C. effort努力；D. failure失败。根据前文和后文“to know what they’re talking about”可知，作者去询问“Venmo”的意思等行为，体现出作者有了解学生话语的愿望。故选B项。 03（2025·河北邢台·模拟预测）This weekend, I’m running my 10th marathon. The weather looks perfect, and I’m ready — thanks to a 1 from the past. Last year, at the Boston Marathon, I came in fit enough to know I was 2 of a personal best time. However, three miles in, I realized I was hurting way too early. I convinced myself that I would never race in a marathon again if I just 3 Mile 10. At Mile 10, I then 4 to get to the halfway point — 13.1 miles, after which I’d reassess the next 5 . By Mile 22, after a few miles of stretching and deep breathing, I regained my strength and felt 6 to reclaim whatever time I could. I ended up 7 the last four miles way faster than my initial pace. 8 , I’d 9 the marathon race into “process goals”, small objectives that were more within my 10 , instead of focusing on my original “outcome goal” of running my fastest time ever. That can be a remarkably effective strategy for all kinds of 11 . That’s because focusing on one step at a time can help 12 our anxiety and show us what we can 13 in the meantime. Many people always aim for ambitious goals like 14 a dream job or winning an award. These can be highly 15 , but they’re usually at least partially unmanageable and can lead to disappointment if you fall short. Instead, focusing on smaller process goals can ultimately shape good outcomes. 1．A．mistake B．lesson C．suggestion D．request 2．A．fearful B．critical C．capable D．aware 3．A．hit B．missed C．skipped D．selected 4．A．hesitated B．happened C．failed D．resolved 5．A．problem B．move C．column D．break 6．A．frightened B．indifferent C．determined D．annoyed 7．A．avoiding B．calculating C．canceling D．covering 8．A．Unknowingly B．Subsequently C．Conventionally D．Desperately 9．A．broken down B．taken down C．turned down: D．put down 10．A．budget B．control C．expectations D．responsibilities 11．A．goal setting B．risk taking C．time managing D．progress estimating 12．A．indicate B．reserve C．predict D．lessen 13．A．recognize B．achieve C．imagine D．contribute 14．A．quitting B．offering C．landing D．changing 15．A．sensitive B．productive C．motivating D．challenging 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者从过去的经历中吸取教训，将马拉松比赛分解为过程目标，从而成功完成比赛的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：天气看起来很完美，我已经准备好了——这要归功于过去的一个教训。A. mistake错误；B. lesson教训；C. suggestion建议；D. request请求。根据后文“Instead, focusing on smaller process goals can ultimately shape good outcomes.”可知，作者从过去的经历中吸取教训，将马拉松比赛分解为过程目标，从而成功完成比赛，此处是指“教训”。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年，在波士顿马拉松比赛中，我状态良好，知道自己有能力创造个人最佳成绩。A. fearful害怕的；B. critical批判的；C. capable有能力的；D. aware意识到的。根据前文“I came in fit”和后文“of a personal best time”可知，此处指身体状况良好的作者认为自己有能力创造个人最佳成绩，be capable of为固定短语，意为“能够做某事”。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说服自己，如果我只跑完10英里，我就再也不会参加马拉松比赛了。A. hit到达（某地）；B. missed错过；C. skipped跳过；D. selected挑选。根据后文“Mile 10”可知，此处指作者在痛苦中给自己设定“到达第10英里”的小目标，隐含“只要撑到这里就放弃”的想法。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在10英里处，我决定跑到半程点——13.1英里，之后我会重新评估下一步的行动。A. hesitated犹豫；B. happened发生；C. failed失败；D. resolved决定。根据后文“to get to the halfway point”可知，作者决定跑到半程点，体现作者重新坚定目标。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. problem问题；B. move行动，移动；C. column专栏；D. break休息。根据上文“after which I’d reassess the next”可知，作者跑到半程点后，会重新评估下一步的行动。故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在22英里处，经过几英里的伸展和深呼吸后，我恢复了体力，下定决心要尽可能地弥补失去的时间。A. frightened害怕的；B. indifferent冷漠的；C. determined坚决的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据后文“to reclaim whatever time I could”可知，作者下定决心要尽可能地弥补失去的时间。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后四英里，我的速度远远超过了最初的配速。A. avoiding避免；B. calculating计算；C. canceling取消；D. covering覆盖，走完（一段路程）。根据后文“the last four miles”可知，此处指走完最后四英里，应用cover。故选D。 8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不知不觉中，我把马拉松比赛分解成了“过程目标”，这些小目标更在我的掌控之中，而不是专注于我最初的“结果目标”——跑出最快的成绩。A. Unknowingly不知不觉地；B. Subsequently随后；C. Conventionally按照惯例；D. Desperately绝望地。根据前文语境和后文“ I’d 9 　　 the marathon race into “process goals”, small objectives”可知，作者比赛中通过一步步的小目标将马拉松比赛分解成了“过程目标”，可知作者在不知不觉中这么做了。故选A。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. broken down分解；B. taken down记下；C. turned down拒绝；D. put down写下。根据后文“the marathon race into “process goals””可知，作者把马拉松比赛分解成了“过程目标”。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. budget预算；B. control控制；C. expectations期待；D. responsibilities责任。根据前文语境和“small objectives that were more within my”可知，作者比赛中把马拉松比赛分解成了“过程目标”，一一实现了小目标，说明过程中的小目标在作者的掌控之中。故选B。 11．考查名词短语辨析。句意：对于各种目标设定来说，这可能是一个非常有效的策略。A. goal setting目标设定；B. risk taking冒险；C. time managing时间管理；D. progress estimating进度估计。根据全文围绕目标设定策略展开可知，此处是指目标设定。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为一次专注于一步可以帮助减轻我们的焦虑，并让我们看到我们同时可以取得什么成就。A. indicate表明；B. reserve保留；C. predict预测；D. lessen减轻。根据后文“our anxiety”可知，一次专注于一步可以减轻焦虑。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recognize识别；B. achieve取得；C. imagine想象；D. contribute贡献。根据上文“show us what we can”可知，过程目标能让我们看到自己能取得的成就。故选B。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人总是设定雄心勃勃的目标，比如找到一份理想的工作或赢得奖项。A. quitting停止；B. offering提供；C. landing（成功地）获得，赢得；D. changing改变。根据后文“a dream job”可知，此处指获得一份理想的工作，应用land。故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些目标可能极其激励人，但通常至少部分难以实现，如果你未能达到，可能会导致失望。A. sensitive敏感的；B. productive多产的；C. motivating激励人的；D. challenging具有挑战性的。根据前文“Many people always aim for ambitious goals”可知，雄心勃勃的目标可能激励人。故选C。 04（2025·浙江·一模）I spent three years living and working in Australia, which felt like a never-ending adventure. When the time came for me, armed with the belief that my strong 1 to reconnect with family and my 2 decision to return would make the transition (过渡) effortless, I 3 to come back to my hometown. Oh, how 4 I was. I was ready for many but what I hadn’t expected was feeling like a complete 5 in my own homeland. The vibes in Australia and my hometown were quite different. But the real challenge was trying to 6 with my family. Our conversations felt 7 , like we were speaking different languages. While they talked about day-to-day life, I found myself 8 to share my tales of weekend trips to the Outback. Our shared 9 felt like an old, uncomfortable jacket that didn’t quite fit anymore. I 10 that transitions, even when you have the best intentions, are never 11 . But I also got to know the great importance of 12 , both with myself and with my loved ones. Slowly but surely, I began to find a new pattern, 13 the best of both worlds. And you know what I’ve 14 felt more at peace or true to myself. It’s like I had to step outside my comfort zone to really grow and 15 what matters most to me. 1．A．resistance B．desire C．promise D．curiosity 2．A．intentional B．permanent C．tough D．crucial 3．A．refused B．happened C．decided D．struggled 4．A．lucky B．lonely C．wrong D．crazy 5．A．victim B．failure C．burden D．foreigner 6．A．reason B．travel C．consult D．reconnect 7．A．funny B．serious C．lengthy D．awkward 8．A．forgetting B．longing C．pretending D．fearing 9．A．goals B．rules C．history D．hope 10．A．predicted B．realized C．remembered D．proved 11．A．necessary B．complex C．painful D．smooth 12．A．patience B．familiarity C．satisfaction D．honesty 13．A．combining B．imagining C．offering D．admitting 14．A．often B．still C．never D．nearly 15．A．fight for B．figure out C．let go of D．put up with 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．A 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在澳大利亚生活三年后回到家乡，原本以为能轻松过渡，却发现自己在家乡感到格格不入。通过与家人重新连接的经历，作者意识到过渡并不容易，并学会了耐心和与自己及所爱之人和解的重要性。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我决定回到家乡时，我坚信自己对与家人团聚的强烈渴望以及有意做出的回国决定，会让过渡变得毫不费力。A. resistance抵抗；B. desire渴望；C. promise承诺；D. curiosity好奇心。根据前文“I spent three years living and working in Australia, which felt like a never-ending adventure.”和后文“to reconnect with family”可知，作者在国外漂泊三年，所以渴望与家人团聚。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我决定回到家乡时，我坚信自己对与家人团聚的强烈渴望以及有意做出的回国决定，会让过渡变得毫不费力。A. intentional故意的，有意的；B. permanent永久的；C. tough艰难的；D. crucial至关重要的。根据前文“I spent three years living and working in Australia, which felt like a never-ending adventure.”和后文“decision to return”可知，作者长年在外，渴望与家人团聚，所以回家是一个有意为之的决定。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我带着强烈的愿望与家人重新联系，以及我刻意决定返回将使过渡毫不费力的时候，我决定回到我的家乡。A. refused拒绝；B. happened发生；C. decided决定；D. struggled挣扎。根据后文“to come back to my hometown”可知，作者决定回到家乡。故选C项。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哦，我错得有多离谱。A. lucky幸运的；B. lonely孤独的；C. wrong错误的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据前文“would make the transition (过渡) effortless”和后文“I was ready for many but what I hadn’t expected was feeling like a complete 5 in my own homeland.”可知，作者原本以为能轻松过渡，但实际上在家乡感到格格不入，因此作者意识到自己错了。故选C项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我准备好应对很多事情，但没想到在自己的祖国会感到完全像个外国人。A. victim受害者；B. failure失败者；C. burden负担；D. foreigner外国人。根据“The vibes in Australia and my hometown were quite different.”可知，作者长年在澳大利亚生活，回到家乡后发现两个地方氛围(vibe)完全不同，感到格格不入，所以觉得自己像个外国人。故选D项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但真正的挑战是试图与家人重新连接。A. reason推理；B. travel旅行；C. consult咨询；D. reconnect重新连接。根据后文“Our conversations felt 7 , like we were speaking different languages.”和“uncomfortable jacket that didn’t quite fit anymore”可知，作者与家人的交流遇到问题且感觉格格不入，在与家人重新建立连接上遇到困难。故选D项。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的对话感到很尴尬，就像我们在说不同的语言。A. funny有趣的；B. serious严肃的；C. lengthy冗长的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据后文“like we were speaking different languages”可知，作者和家人的对话就像是在说两种不同的语言，无法顺利沟通，很尴尬。故选D项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们谈论日常生活时，我发现自己渴望分享我周末去内陆旅行的故事。A. forgetting忘记；B. longing渴望；C. pretending假装；D. fearing害怕。根据后文“to share my tales of weekend trips to the Outback”可知，作者渴望分享自己在澳大利亚的旅行故事。故选B项。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们共同的过去感觉就像一件旧的不舒服的夹克，不太合身了。A. goals目标；B. rules规则；C. history历史，过去；D. hope希望。根据前文可知作者已经在澳大利亚生活了三年，结合“Our shared”和“old”可推知，作者觉得和家人的共同过去就像旧衣服，变得不合时宜。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到过渡，即使你怀着最好的意图，也从来不是顺利的。A. predicted预测；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记得；D. proved证明。根据前文“would make the transition (过渡) effortless”和后文“that transitions, even when you have the best intentions, are never 11 .”可知，作者之前认为过渡会毫不费力，但现在意识到过渡并不容易。故选B项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到过渡，即使你怀着最好的意图，也从来不是顺利的。A. necessary必要的；B. complex复杂的；C. painful痛苦的；D. smooth顺利的。根据前文“I was ready for many but what I hadn’t expected was feeling like a complete 5 in my own homeland.”以及“But the real challenge was trying to 6 with my family.”可知，过渡并不像之前认为的那样顺利。故选D项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我也意识到了耐心的重要性，无论是对自己还是对所爱的人。A. patience耐心；B. familiarity熟悉；C. satisfaction满意；D. honesty诚实。根据后文“Slowly but surely, I began to find a new pattern”可知，作者意识到了耐心的重要性。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地但确定地，我开始找到一种新的模式，结合了两个世界的优点。A. combining结合；B. imagining想象；C. offering提供；D. admitting承认。根据前文“both with myself and with my loved ones”和后文“the best of both worlds”可知，作者开始找到一种新的模式，结合了自己和家人所熟悉的两个不同世界的优点。故选A项。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：你知道吗，我从未感到如此平静或真实。A. often经常；B. still仍然；C. never从未；D. nearly几乎。根据前文“Slowly but surely, I began to find a new pattern, 13 the best of both worlds.”和后文“felt more at peace or true to myself”可知，作者找到解决问题的办法，所以从未感到如此平静或真实。故选C项。 15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：就好像我必须走出自己的舒适区，才能真正成长并弄清楚什么对我来说最重要。A. fight for为……而战；B. figure out弄清楚；C. let go of放手；D. put up with忍受。根据后文“what matters most to me”可知，作者弄清楚了什么对自己最重要。故选B项。 05（2025·江西新余·模拟预测）I was always interested in biology. However, it wasn’t until I saw a film about cave diving in secondary school — in which I 1 divers glide past massive stalactites (钟乳石) — that I 2 I wanted to study cave animals. The video didn’t mention the creatures 3 in those underwater houses, but I 4 they must be there. More than just naming them, I wanted to understand their ecology, which meant I needed to study them in their 5 habitat. Cave diving requires 6 equipment and coordinated (协调) groups. I 7 carry lights and navigation tools, and bring extra air tanks. During trips, I use nets and test tubes to collect tiny, nearly 8 animals floating in the water. We’ve come to understand that caves are full of life: shrimp, sea stars and worms, all 9 life in low-light environments. Although underwater caves might seem far removed from surface environments, research has shown that these worlds are 10 in many ways. In places such as the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, jungles 11 water directly from underground sinkholes as it 12 towards the sea, where it connects with offshore coral reefs. If pollutants get 13 , they can affect these ecosystems. I’m researching the resilience (恢复力) of cave ecosystems to climate change. If we don’t 14 these mysterious places, they could be gone before we have the 15 to understand them. And everything that makes them unique will disappear too. 1．A．watched B．heard C．sensed D．felt 2．A．admitted B．noticed C．reminded D．realized 3．A．hiding B．living C．floating D．sleeping 4．A．knew B．learned C．doubted D．ensured 5．A．reasonable B．comfortable C．modern D．natural 6．A．expensive B．special C．fashionable D．beautiful 7．A．only B．ever C．always D．never 8．A．unbelievable B．valuable C．invisible D．attractive 9．A．adapted for B．appealed to C．devoted to D．prepared for 10．A．silenced B．mirrored C．linked D．encouraged 11．A．push B．absorb C．drink D．pollute 12．A．gets B．strikes C．rises D．flows 13．A．home B．spread C．there D．underground 14．A．conserve B．touch C．reach D．find 15．A．knowledge B．energy C．decision D．chance 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者因一部洞穴潜水的电影而对研究洞穴动物产生兴趣，介绍了洞穴潜水的情况以及洞穴生态系统与外界的联系，强调保护洞穴的重要性。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我在中学看到一部关于洞穴潜水的电影——在电影中我看到潜水者从巨大的钟乳石旁滑过——我才意识到我想研究洞穴动物。A. watched观看；B. heard听到；C. sensed感觉到；D. felt感觉。根据前文“it wasn’t until I saw a film about cave diving”可知，作者是在电影中观看潜水者的动作。故选A项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我在中学看到一部关于洞穴潜水的电影——在电影中我看到潜水者从巨大的钟乳石旁滑过——我才意识到我想研究洞穴动物。A. admitted承认；B. noticed注意到；C. reminded提醒；D. realized意识到。根据后文“I wanted to study cave animals”可知，作者在看了电影后意识到自己的兴趣所在。故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频没有提到生活在那些水下“房子”里的生物，但我知道它们一定在那里。A. hiding隐藏；B. living生活；C. floating漂浮；D. sleeping睡觉。根据前文“cave animals”和后文“in those underwater houses”可知，这里说的是生活在水下洞穴里的生物。故选B项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频没有提到生活在那些水下“房子”里的生物，但我知道它们一定在那里。A. knew知道；B. learned学习；C. doubted怀疑；D. ensured确保。根据前文“I was always interested in biology”以及常识，作者凭借自己的生物学知识知道水下洞穴里一定有生物。故选A项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不仅仅是给它们命名，我想了解它们的生态，这意味着我需要在它们的自然栖息地研究它们。A. reasonable合理的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. modern现代的；D. natural自然的。根据前文“More than just naming them, I wanted to understand their ecology”可知，研究生态需要在自然状态下，也就是自然栖息地，所以这里强调要在自然栖息地研究洞穴动物。故选D项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：洞穴潜水需要特殊的设备和协调的团队。A. expensive昂贵的；B. special特殊的；C. fashionable时尚的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据后文“carry lights and navigation tools, and bring extra air tanks”可知，洞穴潜水的设备是特殊的。故选B项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我总是带着灯和导航工具，并带上额外的气罐。A. only仅仅；B. ever曾经；C. always总是；D. never从不。根据结合常识和前文“Cave diving requires 6 equipment”可推知，灯、导航工具和额外气罐都是洞穴潜水时经常要携带的。故选C项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在旅途中，我用网和试管收集漂浮在水中的微小的、几乎看不见的动物。A. unbelievable难以置信的；B. valuable有价值的；C. invisible看不见的；D. attractive有吸引力的。根据前文“tiny”可知，这些动物很小，几乎看不见。故选C项。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们逐渐了解到洞穴里充满了生命：虾、海星和蠕虫，它们都适应了弱光环境下的生活。A. adapted for适应；B. appealed to吸引；C. devoted to致力于；D. prepared for为……做准备。根据前文“caves are full of life”和后文“life in low light environments”可推知，洞穴生物已经适应了弱光环境。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然水下洞穴似乎与地表环境相距甚远，但研究表明，这些世界在很多方面是相互联系的。A. silenced使沉默；B. mirrored反映；C. linked联系；D. encouraged鼓励。根据后文“In places such as the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, jungles 11 water directly from underground sinkholes as it 12 towards the sea, where it connects with offshore coral reefs”可知，洞穴生态系统与外界是有联系的。故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛等地，丛林直接从地下灰岩坑中吸收水流——这些水流将汇入海洋，并与近海珊瑚礁生态系统相连。A. push推；B. absorb吸收；C. drink喝；D. pollute污染。根据常识，丛林需要吸收水分，且与“water”搭配，用absorb合适。故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛等地，丛林直接从地下灰岩坑中吸收水流——这些水流将汇入海洋，并与近海珊瑚礁生态系统相连。A. gets到达；B. strikes撞击；C. rises上升；D. flows流动。根据常识，水是流动的，且“towards the sea”表示水是流向大海。故选D项。 13．考查副词和名词词义辨析。句意：如果污染物进入地下，它们会影响这些生态系统。A. home家；B. spread扩散；C. there那里；D. underground地下。根据前文“jungles 11 water directly from underground sinkholes as it 12 towards the sea”可知，整个生态系统与地下环境相关，所以污染物进入地下会影响生态系统。故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不保护这些神秘的地方，它们可能在我们有机会了解它们之前就消失了。A. conserve保护；B. touch触摸；C. reach到达；D. find找到。根据后文“they could be gone before we have the 15 to understand them”可知，需要对洞穴进行保护。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不保护这些神秘的地方，它们可能在我们有机会了解它们之前就消失了。A. knowledge知识；B. energy能量；C. decision决定；D. chance机会。根据前文“they could be gone”可知，如果不保护，可能就没有机会了解这些地方了。故选D项。 06（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）For many, Friday is a day filled with excitement in anticipation of the weekend ahead. I, too, 1 Fridays. After dropping my son off at school, I often 2 myself to a coffee from Starbucks. 3 heading straight home, I take a scenic route, often stopping by my favorite park corner, and smile all day simply because it’s Friday. When I 4 my son after school, we high-five physically and 5 , our chorus of “FRIDAY!” echoing as loudly as our hand clap. We notice the early 6 of celebration on our way home — people on swings, and parties starting up. It feels like the whole world is celebrating Friday! Today, I 7 the doctor’s office happy over good news about my health. My good mood was 8 by the signs of spring all around — blooming flowers and singing birds. I suddenly felt an urge to celebrate, whispered “Cappuccino!” and walked toward the coffee bar that was 9 located just around the corner. But then my mind 10 . “It’s Tuesday! Coffee treats are 11 for Fridays!” This made me pause; why wait to enjoy life until the weekend? Minutes later I walked back to my car with a cappuccino in my hand. A small 12 , to be sure, but it’s also an illustration of how many of us are waiting for life’s 13 — graduation, financial stability, etc. — before we allow ourselves to enjoy life. And in that waiting we 14 so much of our daily joy. What if we carried a little of that “Friday feeling” into our rainy Mondays, gloomy Tuesdays and mid-week Wednesdays? Surely our lives would be much 15 as a result. 1．A．ignore B．criticize C．celebrate D．memorize 2．A．treat B．devote C．accustom D．connect 3．A．Instead of B．Because of C．As for D．Apart from 4．A．catch up B．take in C．pick up D．bring up 5．A．spiritually B．mentally C．precisely D．vocally 6．A．signs B．attempts C．awareness D．sources 7．A．entered B．left C．visited D．checked 8．A．cured B．enhanced C．resolved D．adjusted 9．A．accidentally B．approximately C．independently D．conveniently 10．A．defended B．focused C．rebelled D．urged 11．A．restored B．reserved C．conserved D．observed 12．A．defeat B．warning C．victory D．surprise 13．A．attractions B．processes C．elements D．milestones 14．A．set B．miss C．capture D．measure 15．A．happier B．quieter C．busier D．easier 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述作者对周五的热爱及从喝咖啡小事中感悟到不应等待人生里程碑才享受生活的道理。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也庆祝周五。A. ignore忽视；B. criticize批评；C. celebrate庆祝；D. memorize记住。根据上文“For many, Friday is a day filled with excitement”及下文“We notice the early ____6____ of celebration on our way home — people on swings, and parties starting up.”可知，作者同样“庆祝”周五。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：送儿子上学后，我经常去星巴克喝杯咖啡犒劳自己。A. treat款待；B. devote奉献；C. accustom使习惯；D. connect连接。根据上文的“After dropping my son off at school”以及下文的“to a coffee from Starbucks”可知，作者送完孩子，去星巴克应该是用咖啡“款待”自己，treat oneself to sth.为固定搭配。故选A项。 3．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我没有直接回家，而是选择了一条风景优美的路线，经常在我最喜欢的公园角落停留，只因是周五就开心一整天。A. Instead of代替，而不是；B. Because of因为；C. As for至于；D. Apart from除了。根据下文的“take a scenic route”可知，作者走一天风景优美的路线，由此可推断，作者“没有”直接回家，而是选择绕路。故选A项。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：放学后接儿子时，我们会击掌，大声合唱“FRIDAY!”，声音和击掌声一样响亮。A. catch up赶上；B. take in吸收；C. pick up接载；D. bring up养育。根据下文的“after school”可知，此处指“接”儿子放学。故选C项。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：放学后接儿子时，我们会击掌，大声合唱“FRIDAY!”，声音和击掌声一样响亮。A. spiritually精神上地；B. mentally心理上地；C. precisely精确地；D. vocally大声地，用声音。根据下文的“our chorus of “FRIDAY!” echoing as loudly as our hand clap.”可知，作者与儿子合唱的声音与击掌声呼应，由此可知，此处指的是“大声地”符合语境。故选D项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：回家路上，我们留意到庆祝的早期迹象——人们在荡秋千，派对开始了。A. signs迹象；B. attempts尝试；C. awareness意识；D. sources来源。根据下文的“people on swings, and parties starting up. It feels like the whole world is celebrating Friday!”可知，人们在荡秋千，全世界都庆祝周五，由此可知，此处指的是留意到庆祝周五的早期“迹象”符合语境。故选A项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，我带着健康的好消息高兴地离开医生办公室。A. entered进入；B. left离开；C. visited参观；D. checked检查。根据下文的“happy over good news about my health.”可知，作者带着健康的好消息“离开”诊所。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：周围春天的迹象 —— 盛开的花朵和歌唱的鸟儿 —— 更增添了我的好心情。A. cured治愈；B. enhanced增强；C. resolved解决；D. adjusted调整。根据上文的“Today, I  ___7__  the doctor’s office happy over good news about my health.”可知，作者带着健康的好消息离开医生办公室，结合下文的“blooming flowers and singing birds”可知，自然美景“增强”了作者的好心情。故选B项。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我突然有了庆祝的冲动，轻声说“卡布奇诺！”，然后走向就在拐角处的咖啡馆。A. accidentally偶然地；B. approximately大约；C. independently独立地；D. conveniently方便地。根据下文的“located just around the corner.”可知，咖啡馆就在拐角处，由此可知，咖啡馆的位置“方便”符合语境。故选D项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随后我的内心开始抗拒。A. defended防御；B. focused集中；C. rebelled抗拒；D. urged催促。根据下文的““It’s Tuesday! Coffee treats are __11___ for Fridays!” This made me pause; why wait to enjoy life until the weekend?”可知，作者的理智对周二喝咖啡的冲动产生“抗拒”符合语境。故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“今天是星期二！咖啡是留给周五的！”A. restored恢复；B. reserved保留；C. conserved保存；D. observed观察。根据上文的“I, too, __1___ Fridays. After dropping my son off at school, I often ___2___ myself to a coffee from Starbucks.”以及下文的“for Fridays”可知，作者习惯把咖啡“保留”到周五享用。故选B项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，这是一个小小的胜利，但它也说明了我们许多人如何等待人生的里程碑——毕业、经济稳定等——之后才允许自己享受生活。A. defeat失败；B. warning警告；C. victory胜利；D. surprise惊喜。根据上文的“This made me pause; why wait to enjoy life until the weekend? Minutes later I walked back to my car with a cappuccino in my hand.”可知，作者在暂停后，最终还是带着咖啡回到车上，由此可知，作者打破惯例买到咖啡，属于一次小“胜利”符合语境。故选C项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，这是一个小小的胜利，但它也说明了我们许多人如何等待人生的里程碑——毕业、经济稳定等——之后才允许自己享受生活。A. attractions吸引力；B. processes过程；C. elements要素；D. milestones里程碑。根据下文的“graduation, financial stability”可知，这些是人生“里程碑”事件。故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等待中，我们错过了许多日常的快乐。A. set设置；B. miss错过；C. capture捕捉；D. measure衡量。根据上文的“And in that waiting”以及下文的“so much of our daily joy.”的对比可知，等待会让人“错过”当下的快乐。故选B项。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，结果我们的生活会更快乐。A. happier更快乐；B. quieter更安静；C. busier更忙碌；D. easier更容易。根据上文的“What if we carried a little of that “Friday feeling” into our rainy Mondays, gloomy Tuesdays and mid-week Wednesdays?”可知，作者想如果把那种“周五的感觉”带到每天会是什么样子呢，由此可知，如果都有周五的心情会让生活“更快乐”符合语境。故选A项。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第8页，共49页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 完形填空---夹叙夹议文 ( 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读 01 】 完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情统计 【知能解读 02 】 完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情解读 【知能解读 03 】 完形填空夹叙夹议文满分思维导图 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破 01 】 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文技法思维导图 【重难点突破 0 2 】 完形填空利用 完形 首句明大意 【重难点突破 0 3 】 完形填空利用瞻前顾后重语境 【重难点突破 0 4 】 完形填空利用词汇复现定答案 【重难点突破 0 5 】 完形填空利用逻辑关系解疑难 【重难点突破 0 6 】 完形填空利用设身处地揣情绪 【重难点突破 0 7 】 完形填空利用生活常识巧选择 【重难点突破 0 8 】 完形填空利用熟词生义巧推断 【重难点突破 0 9 】 完形填空利用语法知识秒解题 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错 01 】 2025 年高考真题熟词生义 22 例 【易混易错 0 2 】 2024 年高考真题熟词生义 35 例 【易混易错 0 3 】 2023 年高考真题熟词生义 33 例 【易混易错 0 4 】 2022 年高考真题熟词生义 25 例 【易混易错 0 5 】 2021 年高考真题熟词生义 29 例 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【方法技巧 0 1 】 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文解题步骤 【方法技巧 0 2 】 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文解题要领 【方法技巧 0 3 】 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文 常见失误及对策 ) 01完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情统计 卷别 体裁 词数 主题 2024全国甲卷 夹叙夹议 276 本文叙述祖母童年故事，阐述作者深切感悟 2021全国乙卷 夹叙夹议 253 文章以护士遇女患者为例，感谢其分内付出 2020全国I卷 夹叙夹议 252 作者借门喻理家长告孩子真相助其破困抓机 02完形填空夹叙夹议文五年高考考情解读 一、选材特点 以记叙文为主, 从题材上看, 内容新颖、时尚, 体现核心素养, 突出励志性、教育性和启发性, 反映正确的价值导向, 彰显正能量。 二、设题特点 主要考查实词。以名词和动词为主, 形容词和副词为辅, 偶尔出现介词和连词。联系上下文设空的题目占了约70%,结合语篇设空的题目占了约30%。 三、语篇特点 全篇设有15个空，设空间距平均为13词左右。首尾句不设空。从语篇理解和语言分析角度，近两三年的完型填空的题目类型可总结为以下几类：词汇复现（原词、同源、近义、上下义）、语境语义、逻辑关系（顺承、因果、转折、对比、列举等）、固定搭配、生活常识及文化背景等。前三者的考查力度相当大。考生要有相应的侧重。 四、解题策略 做题总原则：左顾右盼 + 上下求索；选项的特点：淡化语法，重视语篇；同一小题的四个选项，一般词类相同，语法形式相同。主要看上下文意思通不通，逻辑对不对。 03完形填空夹叙夹议文满分思维导图 01 完形填空夹叙夹议文技法思维导图 02 完形填空利用完形首句明大意 [题型分析]　 完形填空首句一般不设空，题眼往往出现在文章的开头。考生通过把握首句，可以确定文章的主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等，从而把握文章的发展方向，达到顺利“入题”的目的。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练] (2024浙江1月卷) While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in the northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 41.encounter with a local that all travelers long for... ... In the course of a couple of hours, he 53.showed me just how much one can gain from 54 with an open mind, and a willingness to 55.engage with locals from all walks of life. 54．A．traveling　B．reading C．searching D．teaching 03完形填空利用瞻前顾后重语境 [题型分析]　 完形填空着重考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析、推理、判断的能力。考生在做完形填空时，应仔细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注意上下文的呼应，对文章进行整体把握。因此，在做题时考生要有全局意识，开头的题目要从下文中找答案，中间的题目要从上下文中查找信息，下文或最后的题目要从上文中找线索。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练]　(2024新课标Ⅰ卷) I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race.Feeling motivated, I started running 42.regularly, but then two things happened. 41．A．knew　　B．held C．won D．quit 04 完形填空利用词汇复现定答案 [题型分析]　 完形填空选项的设置，命题人往往通过原词复现、同源词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现、上下义词复现、代词复现等方式重现已经出现过的词汇。做题时，考生应在把握语篇、透析语境的前提下，留心选项中是否有与上下文中相对应的词汇，运用词汇复现技巧快速锁定答案。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练1] 原词复现(2024新高考全国卷Ⅰ) I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life. ... First, a girl I met one day told me she was 43.training for a “super, ” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I 44.hated it! Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46.reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 45. A．advantage B．achievement C．contribution D．influence [跟踪训练2]同源词复现(2024浙江1月卷) Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 45.attended a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family... It would have been easy to 51.rely on my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. 46. A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding 46. 本题可以利用同源词复现解答。根据下文中的“this highway builder”可知，年轻人是公路建设者。builder与空处是同源词复现。故答案是A。 [跟踪训练3] 同义词复现 (2024全国甲卷) There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52.breath while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I 53. admire—her ability to open her 54 underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. 54. A．hands B．mouth C．eyes D．arms [跟踪训练4]上义词复现 (2024新课标Ⅰ卷) The 50.problem：The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such 51 . 51. A．dangers B．events C．opponents D．challenges 05完形填空利用逻辑关系解疑难 [题型分析]　 语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中，体现作者的写作思路和篇章意义，是贯穿整篇文章的主线。因此，解答完形填空最基本的方法就是根据空格前后所提供的信息或上下文之间的逻辑关系，做出符合逻辑的判断。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练1]并列关系 (2023新课标Ⅱ卷) The flight was 53 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 54.flew with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. 53. A．unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful [跟踪训练2] 转折关系 (2024浙江1月卷) Over several hours he would tell me about how he had 45.attended a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46.building highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps most 47 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. 47. A．typical B．obvious C．natural D．remarkable [跟踪训练3] 因果关系 (2024新课标Ⅰ卷) Between the girl making my 45.achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 46.reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! So I 47 cycling. I got a bike and rode a lot. 47. A．gave up B．went on C．turned to D．dealt with 06完形填空利用设身处地揣情绪 [题型分析]　 完形填空常选取具有教育意义的、充满正能量的记叙文，讲述作者本人经历的或作者所见所闻的某一件充满爱、善良、诚实等正能量的事情，因此考生在做题时不应置身事外，而应融入文章中，站在作者或文章主人公的角度考虑并体会文意。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练] (2023新课标Ⅱ卷) In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 41.budget. They could not afford to pay for 42.transportation for their dog, Tiffy, and 43.desperately wanted to take her with them. It just 44.happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 45.offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 46.pick up Tiffy. ...He was so 55 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. 55．A．thankful　 B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic 07完形填空利用生活常识巧选择 [题型分析]　 生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。大部分完形填空试题需要联系上下文进行解答，而这其中有很多是考查生活常识的题目。考生要关心家事、国事、天下事，强大内心，顺利解决现实生活中和试题里的一切问题。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练] (2024全国甲卷) There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52 while they watched all action going on around them. 52．A．secret B．breath C．view D．tongue 08完形填空利用熟词生义巧推断 [题型分析]　 一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考不断出现的词汇活用现象。考生在备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词的生僻意义。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练] (2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) As for Bailey, she is more 51.confused about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just crying. I couldn't 53.leave her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” 52．A．game B．problem C．lesson D．deal 09完形填空利用语法知识秒解题 [题型分析]　 完形填空中语法知识的考查重点是复合句中的连接词、介词(短语)、“动词＋介词”短语、代词，偶有涉及情态动词。 [技法点拨] [跟踪训练]　(2024浙江1月卷)My 43.new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 44 to practice my Chinese. 44．A．chance B．advice C．trouble D．right 01 2025年高考真题熟词生义22例 1. alarm【熟义】：n. 警报（器）；闹钟 【生义】：_____________ Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 2. account for 【熟义】：（数量上、比例上）占比例 【生义】：_____________ We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 3. breakdown【熟义】：n. 故障；破裂 【生义】：_____________ Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 4. border【熟义】：n. 边界 【生义】：_____________ Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 5. cell【熟义】：n. 细胞 【生义】：_____________ Hydrogen fuel cells are a lighter choice than batteries for trucks, but making green hydrogen is expensive.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 6. champion【熟义】：n. 冠军 【生义】：_____________ Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.”（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 7. count on【熟义】：指望；依靠 【生义】：_____________ There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 8. cut  【熟义】：v. 切；割；砍 【生义】：_____________ （1）A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） （2）Instead, all the ingredients used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. （2025全国Ⅱ卷） 9. determine【熟义】：v. 决定，决心（做某事）【生义】：_____________ Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 10. following 【熟义】：adj.（时间上）接着的；下述的 【生义】：_____________ Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to grow an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social media.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 11. green  【熟义】：adj. & n. 绿色（的）【生义】：_____________ The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 12. let out【熟义】：放出 【生义】：_____________ You’re driving in a school zone around the time school lets out.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 13. line【熟义】：n. 线；行 【生义】：_____________ Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. （2025全国Ⅱ卷） 14. piece【熟义】：n. 块；碎片；零件；一件 【生义】：_____________ （1）The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy…（2025全国Ⅰ卷） （2）As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 15. place 【熟义】：n. 地点 v.放置 【生义】：_____________ Then I can place the order.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 16. practice【熟义】：v. 练习；实践 【生义】：_____________ Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 17. race【熟义】：n. 赛跑 【生义】：__________ In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 18. shape  【熟义】：n. 形状；【生义】：_____________ Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 19. skirt  【熟义】：n. 裙子 【生义】：_____________  Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 20. spare【熟义】：adj. 不用的；备用的；空闲的 v. 抽出 【生义】：_____________ This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over-explain.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 21. strike 【熟义】：v. 打击；罢工；撞击 【生义】：_____________ They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.（2025全国Ⅰ卷） 22. sun【熟义】：n. 太阳；阳光 【生义】：_____________ … the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） … the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.（2025全国Ⅱ卷） 02 2024年高考真题熟词生义35例 1. address【熟义】n.地址【生义】v.______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读D篇)This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). 2. call【熟义】v.打电话【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest. 3. chief熟义：最重要的；首要的；主要的【生义】______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) …says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit 4. closely【熟义】adv.紧密地，密切地【生义】adv. ______________ (2024全国甲卷完形填空)She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening closely. 5. condition【熟义】n.状况 【生义】n. 疾病 (2024新课标I卷阅读B篇) Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. 6. cover【熟义】v.覆盖 【生义】①v. ______________②v. ______________③v. ______________ ①(2024新课标I卷听力) Jonson began writing about sports as a second year student at the University of Colorado, covering high school volleyball games for his hometown newspaper. ②(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material? ③(2024新课标II卷阅读C篇) However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. 7. draw【熟义】v.画【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标II卷七选五) Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 8. enter【熟义】v.进入【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标I卷完形填空) I got a good bike and rode a lot. I dreamed of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. 9. favor【熟义】n.帮助；恩惠【生义】v. ______________ (2024全国甲卷完形填空) Like in typical families, where boys were favored much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do housework. 10. favorite【熟义】adj.最喜爱的【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标I卷语法填空) These plants included modern Western favorites such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 11. geography【熟义】n.地理【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. 12. greens【熟义】adj.绿色的【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标卷II阅读C篇) The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. 13. introduce【熟义】v.介绍【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读A篇) This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild. 14. leaf 熟义：叶，叶子；纸页，书页 【生义】______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读七选五)I can leaf through with my fingers 15. original【熟义】adj.最初的 【生义】adj. ______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. 16. pose【熟义】n.姿势【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text. 17. piece【熟义】n.碎片【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. 18. point【熟义】v.指向【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读D篇) Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI — the technology companies and world leaders — so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. 19. power【熟义】n.力量【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读D篇) In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI ... 20. promise【熟义】v.承诺【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读A篇) With environmentalist Eanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour. 21. print【熟义】n.印刷 【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — to ones that require mental abstraction — such as drawing inferences from a text. 22. property【熟义】n.资产【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties. 23. role【熟义】n.角色 【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print. 24. roll【熟义】v.滚动【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标I卷读后续写) Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. 25. say【熟义】v.说【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies — say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. 26. sensitive 熟义：敏感的 【生义】______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读A篇) …play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species. 27. skip【熟义】v.跳过【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标II卷七选五) Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. 28. side【熟义】n.一边【生义】n. ______________ (2024新课标II卷七选五) You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place. 29. sleep 熟义：睡眠 【生义】：______________ (2024新课标I卷阅读B篇)…she was prepared to put him to sleep. 30. slower【熟义】adj.缓慢的【生义】adj. ______________ (2024新课标II卷七选五)You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. 31. solid【熟义】adj.固体的【生义】adj. ______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读C篇) While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. 32. tell【熟义】v.告诉；告知【生义】v. ______________ (2024全国甲卷阅读B篇) That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don’t usually like. 33. throw【熟义】v.投；掷；抛【生义】v. ______________坯 (2024全国甲卷阅读A篇) Wheel Throwing 34. translate【熟义】v.翻译 【生义】v. ______________ (2024新课标II卷阅读D篇)... but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. 35. visibility【熟义】n.能见度【生义】n. ______________度 (2024新课标II卷语法填空) Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility. 03 2023年高考真题熟词生义33例 1. structure熟义：结构n 【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]Camp Structure : The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group... 探险营总体安排：这一天每个年龄组分为两个专题会议... 2. assign熟义：分派，布置（工作、任务）v 【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. 确定意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。 3. run 熟义：跑v 【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。 4. unfold熟义：打开v 【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. 一本书，织毛衣，做一个填字游戏，或者只是看看窗外的世界。 5. type n熟义：类型【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]Train trips aren't for impatient types. 火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人。 6. stretch n熟义 v（时间上）延续；（空间上）延伸 【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]I followed beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. 我跟着养蜂人齐亚德穿过一片广阔的草原，然后进入了一片茂密的丛林。 7. inch熟义：n 英寸v【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]Sitting on a branch, he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. 他坐在一根树枝上，慢慢地向蜂箱靠近，用手电筒把烟吹进蜂箱上的一个小洞里。 8. sharp熟义：尖的，锋利的adj. 【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. 突然，齐亚德发出一声刺耳的喊叫。 9. court n熟义：法院，法庭；球场【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers. 与紫禁城、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同反映的是北京人的草根文化。 10. stuff 熟义：n 东西，物品v【生义】：______________ [2023年1月浙江首考]I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. 我把一块布塞进洞里，把她带了出去，随手把门牢牢地关上。 11. branch n.熟词：树枝，分枝；【生义】：______________ [2023全国甲卷] Head Chef David Thompson opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. 总厨师大卫•汤普森于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这个分店。 12. credit 熟词：n. 信用，信贷；【生义】：v. ______________ [2023全国甲卷]She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. 她把这些技能归功于她已故的祖父和建造者德里克•劳埃德。 13. split v. 熟词：分裂；分开；【生义】：______________ [2023全国甲卷]Terri avoided losing the deposit on the house she rented by splitting the rent with a roommate. 特里通过和室友分担房子租金避免了她租的房子上的押金。 14. quarter n. 熟词：四分之一；一刻钟，十五分钟；【生义】：______________ [2023全国甲卷]Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. 在养鸡场和其他农场动物住处做电剑网也很有效地使灰熊远离。 15. voice n. 熟词：嗓音，说话声；【生义】：______________ [2023全国甲卷]The voice of the biologists has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies. 生物学家的呼声已经阻止了美国鱼和野生动物的伤害灰熊。 16. square n. 熟词：正方形，正方形物；【生义】：______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ]Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. 骑自行车是一种最经济、可持续、最有趣的方式来探索这座城市,它的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。 17. strategic adj. 熟词：战略的，策略的；【生义】：______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ] With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. 在重要地点我们的五家租赁商店里,有超过2500辆自行车，我们确保有一辆自行车可供你使用。 18. trap n. 熟词：陷阱，网，圈套，诡计；【生义】：______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ] You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. 你会听到这些参与者的故事,学习哪些策略对他们来说很有效,以及他们遇到的你应该避免的困境。 19. capitalize v.熟词：提供资金；【生义】：______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ] This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. 这一效应利用了一个事实,即当人们犯错时,这些错误并不总是一样的。 20. draw熟词：画画；【生义】：______________ [2023新高考ⅠI] Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. 发现为什么艺术家和摄影师继续被吸引到这个特殊的地方。 21. leaf 熟义：n. 叶；叶片；叶子【生义】：vt ______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out. 当我翻阅小说时，一张纸掉了出来。 22. land熟义：n. 陆地；大地【生义】：______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]So, all the way across the country, your sister’s old book landed in your hands. 所以，在全国各地，你姐姐的旧书都落在了你手里。 23. issue 熟义：重要议题；争论的问题 【生义】：______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]In every issue, you will find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life, history, philosophy, arts and fashion photography. 在每一期中，你都会发现关于美好生活、历史、哲学、艺术和时尚摄影的采访和文章的有趣组合 24. cover 熟义: v. 掩蔽；遮盖 【生义】: ______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. 2.5小时的游览包括古耶风车、瘦桥、国立博物馆、喜力啤酒厂等。 25. course 熟词：课程【生义】：______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]On Oct. 1l, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. 10月1日，数百名选手在明尼苏达州参加越野赛。Melanie Bailey本应该比她早完成这门课的。 26. iron熟义：n. 铁 【生义】：______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked. 这可能是你帮助朋友做家庭作业的时候，也可能是你在没有被要求的情况下熨衣服的时候。 27. harvest 熟义：n. 收获季节；收割；收获【生义】：v. ______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. 翻土、拔草、收割卷心菜，对中学生和高中生来说，这听起来像是一项艰巨的工作。 28. produce 熟义：v. 生产；制造 【生义】：n. ______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. 在两所初中和两所高中开设的“城市豆芽”课程包括动手实验，如土壤测试、花和种子解剖、品尝新鲜或干燥的农产品，以及在花园里工作。 29. still 熟义：adv. 还；还是；仍然；依旧 【生义】：adj. ______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 无论你画的是静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能地从生活中绘画。 30. correct 熟义：adj. 准确无误的；精确的；正确的 【生义】v. ______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. 我请姐姐纠正我的语法。 31. shot vt 射击 【生义】 n ______________ [2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this. 如果你愿意努力，我认为你有很好的机会做到这一点。 32. walk 熟义：n. 行走；步行；徒步旅行；散步【生义】：______________ [2023全国乙卷]Tan treated women from all walks of life. 谭治疗过各行各业的女性。 33. back 熟义：n. （人体或动物的）背部，背；腰背【生义】：v. ______________ [2023全国甲卷]Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. 几项研究支持了这一观点，并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。 04 2022年高考真题熟词生义25例 1. accept熟义:v.接受;接纳 生义: v. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·D)However，some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. 然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，因为担心惹恼消费者而拒绝改变。 2. celebrate熟义:v.庆祝生义:v. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·A)This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn comes to London. 这场展览将在伦敦举行,展出苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士的60多幅杰作,以纪念他的一生和作品。 3. creature 熟义:n.生物，动物 生义: n. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)For a long time. this ineffective hiding method was interpreted as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures. 长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心的”人的证据。 4. content熟义:n.(容器等)容纳的东西;内容 生义:n. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·D)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content. 自4月份以来根据含糖量,饮料公司不得不为其生产或进口的每升含糖饮料支付18至24便士的税。 5. dead熟义:adj.死的 生义: adj. ______________ (2022·新高考全国I卷·完形填空) We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. 我们被困在湖中，汽车熄火了。 6. draw 熟义:u.拉,拖;拔出;画;吸引生义:v. ______________ (2022·新高考全国I卷·A)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. 课堂活动每天都会有所不同，但学生必须做好准备，完成简短的课堂写作或测试,这些内容直接来自指定的阅读材料或上节课的讲座/讨论笔记,因此在课堂上认真记笔记很重要。 7. drive 熟义:n.驾驶;驱车旅行 生义: n. ______________ (2022·全国甲卷·D)We've got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. 我们建立在古老文化基础上，但同时还是一个充满动力和活力的年轻国家。 8. excuse 熟义:vt.原谅;宽恕;n.借口;理由生义:v. ______________ (2022·新高考全国I卷·A)Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted. 因请假缺席而错过的短文将被接受。 9. introduce 熟义:v.介绍;引见 生义: v. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·D)First announced in April, 2016,the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity(肥胖). 该税收政策与2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5克的软饮料,实施该政策旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。 10. keep 熟义:v.保持;保留;保管生义: v. ______________ (2022·新高考全国I卷·C)She said:“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.” 她说:“我小时候养过母鸡，每天早上上学前都要为它们准备早餐。” 11. period 熟义:n.(一段)时间;时期;阶段 生义:n. ______________ (2022·新高考全国I卷·A)An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. 没有按期在课堂上提交论文，每迟交一节课，分数就降为一个等级。 12. pick 熟义:v.摘;采;挑选;选择 生义:n. ______________ (2022·全国甲卷·A)Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK's touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiff's oldest surviving traditional theatre. 这座新剧院是加的夫现存最古老的传统剧院，它展示了西区的精华以及英国巡回演出的精品。 13. practice 熟义:n.练习;实践 生义: n. ______________ (2022·全国甲卷·七选五)The more time you spend in any given country, the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. 你在任何一个国家待的时间越长，你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服。 14. present 熟义:v颁发,授予;赠送;提出;呈递 生义:v. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·A)Scottish National Portrait(肖像画)Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.苏格兰国家肖像画廊为公众举办了一系列讲座。 15. produce熟义:v.生产,制造 生义: v. ______________ (2022·全国甲卷·完形填空)A year later, much to my delight, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. 一年后，令我非常高兴的是,这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。 16. random 熟义:adj.随机的;任意的 生义:adj. ______________ (2022·全国甲卷·七选五)Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 这些文化饮食礼仪规则可能看起来不可思议和奇怪，但它们在各个国家都很重要。 17. regard 熟义: v.认为……是;n.尊重 生义: n. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)They simply insist on mutual(相互的) recognition and regard. 他们只是坚持相互认可和关注。 18. reject 熟义:v.拒绝;排斥;嫌弃;冷落 生义:v. ______________ (2022·新高考全国I卷·B)It's jaw- dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away-from“ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. 虽能食用但因“长相难看”就被杂货店主丢弃的蔬菜,大量未食用就被扔进餐厅垃圾桶的菜肴,这些非常不错的食物就这样被扔掉,简直令人吃惊。 19. roll 熟义:v.滚动;转动生义:v. ______________ (2022·新高考全国卷·完形填空) The wind picked up and thunder rolled.狂风大作，雷声隆隆。 20. run 熟义:v.跑;运作;运转 生义: v. ______________ (2022·新高考全国卷·七选五) Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” 《健身》杂志最近发表了一篇题为“感谢锻炼伙伴的五个理由”的文章。 21. stick 熟义:v.刺入;粘住;贴住;伸出生义:v. ______________ (2022·新高考全国I卷·B)I stuck the chicken in the freezer.我把鸡肉放在冰箱里。 22. subject 熟义:n.主题;科目;学科 生义:n. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·完形填空)Our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。 23. sweep熟义:v.打扫;横扫;掠过生义:n. ______________ move 熟义:v.移动;搬家;使感动生义:v. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·B)The sweep of the land and the stoicism(坚忍)of the people move her to some beautiful writing.大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。 24. switch 熟义:n.开关v.改变;转变;交换 生义:n. ______________ (2022·全国乙卷·C)By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways. detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. 通过使用最新技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在铁路或道岔出现任何安全问题之前检测出故障。 25. way熟义:n. 方面 生义:adv. ______________ (2022·新高考全国I卷·B)Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. 更糟糕的是,我不假思索地买了太多;我本可以用我扔掉的东西做六份沙拉。 05 2021年高考真题熟词生义29例 1. determine 熟义:v. (使)下决心，(使)做出决定 生义: vt. ______________响 (2021•全国甲卷•D)And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. 我们看得越多，就越会发现像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能直接影响天才的出现。 2. dry熟义:adj.干的;口渴的 生义: vt. ______________vi. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•C)Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat (栖息地). 数百万英亩的湿地被人为弄干涸，以养活和容纳不断增加的人口，大大减少了水禽的栖息地。 3. entry熟义:n.进入;入口 生义: n. ______________ (2021•全国甲卷•A)Each year，the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. 每年，参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。 4. event熟义:n.事件,大事 生义: n. ______________ (2021•全国乙卷•A)All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.所有这些体育场馆仍在使用,仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。 5. excite 熟义:vt.使激动，使兴奋 生义: vt. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•D)Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion 尽管情商继续受到大众的关注是可取的，但我们希望这种关注能激发人们对情感的科学和学术研究更大的兴趣。 6. flow熟义:v.(使)流动,涌流;流通 生义:n. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•B)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. 他的工作就是坐在钢琴师旁边，翻动乐谱，这样音乐家就不用自己动手破坏音流了。 我9岁那年，在一月一个灰蒙蒙的早晨，我们收拾好去洛杉矶的行装,来到伦敦希思罗机场。 7. given 熟义:prep.考虑到 生义: n. ______________ (2021•全国乙卷•完形填空)Oh，this isn't for the care I had. I take that as a given. 哦，这不是为了我接受过的照顾。我认为这是理所当然的。 8. grade 熟义:n.成绩，年纪 生义:n. ______________ (2021•全国乙卷•完形填空) And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different grades of gratitude.然后我意识到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激的词汇，事情会简单得多。 9.gray熟义:adj.灰色的;苍白的 生义:adj. ______________ (2021•全国甲卷•C)When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. 10. head 熟义:n.头 生义:n. ______________ (2021•全国甲卷•B)Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said:“Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family...” 林普尼港犀牛部门的负责人保罗•比尔说:“显然，我们都非常高兴地欢迎另一头小犀牛加入我们的黑犀牛家族……” 11. inform 熟义:vt.通知;告诉 生义: vt. ______________ (2021•全国乙卷•A)In around 80 A.D..the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. 大约在公元80年，罗马人建造了罗马斗兽场,它仍然是世界上最著名的体育场,并继续影响着当代的设计。 12. must熟义: modal verb.必须;一定 生义:n. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•语法填空)While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit! 当你在中国时,黄山是必游之地! 13. note 熟义:n.笔记;vt.注意;记录;注解 生义:n. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•B)He's interested in the music, feeling every note ... 他对音乐感兴趣，感受着每一个音符…… (2021•全国乙卷•完形填空)When she reached one nurse, she tried to press a five pound note into her hand. 当她走到一个护士跟前时，她试图把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她手里。 14. makeup熟义:n.化妆品 生义:n______________ (2021•新高考I卷•D)Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” 现在许多人将情商误解为几乎所有无法通过智商测试衡量的人的气质，例如性格、动机、信心、心理稳定性、乐观和“人际交往能力”。 15. passage 熟义:n.一段文章 生义:n. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•C)In1934，with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act),an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的)waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their survival.1934年,随着《候鸟狩猎印花税法》的通过，一个日益关注的国家采取了坚定的行动，以阻止对迁徙水禽和对其生存至关重要的湿地的破坏。 16. plant熟义:n.植物 生义:n. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•完形填空)It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for temporary help during our spring break. 春假期间，碰巧市中心的工厂需要八个孩子临时帮忙。 17. point 熟义:n.要点;得分;vt.指向 生义:n. ______________ (2021•全国甲卷•A)Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. 我沿着一条穿过森林的小路向当地的舒林西勒高地走去，遇到了一小块空地，立即注意到了在新雪的映衬下枯黄的草丛。 18. pour熟义:v.灌,倒;倾泻 生义: vi. ______________ (2021•全国乙卷•A)People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. 从古希腊时代起，人们就一直不断涌入体育场馆。 19. pressure熟义:n.压力 生义:n. ______________ (2021•全国乙卷•C)Von Wonghopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint. 冯•王希望他的工作也能帮助迫使大公司减少他们的塑料足迹。 20. ride 熟义:v.骑•乘(自行车、摩托车或马等) 生义:vt. ______________ (2021•全国乙卷•七选五)I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back. 我和这些疯狂的人一起乘坐公交车，他们在后面嘲笑愚蠢的笑话。 21. role 熟义:n.角色 生义:n. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•完形填空)Our roles in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. 我们在工厂的职责很简单:将蛋糕放在移动的传送带上。 22. run熟义:v.奔跑 生义:vt. ______________ (2021•全国甲卷•B)Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding(繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf(犀牛幼崽).负责繁育计划的林普尼港保护区迎来了一只稀有的黑犀牛幼崽。 23. score 熟义:n.分数;vi.得分;记分 生义:n. ______________; vt. ______________ (2021•全国甲卷•七选五)It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends, and have a party all at the same time. 这是扔掉旧衣服、从朋友那里淘到衣服并同时举办派对的最佳方式。 24. seat熟义:n.座位 生义:vt. ______________ (2021•全国乙卷•A)Rome's Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50.000 people. 罗马斗兽场高157英尺，有80个入口，可容纳5万人。 25. set熟义:.放，置，使处于;使开始 生义:vi. ______________ (2021•全国甲卷•A)I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb. I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west. 我爬到一个小山丘的顶部,意识到雾只有几英尺深，虽然攀爬的路程很短，但我发现自己已经完全爬到了山顶上，在夕阳西下的背景下，我看到了斯基多非常清晰的景色。 26. shot 熟义:n.发射;射手;镜头;v.射击(shoot的过去式) 生义:n. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•A)Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots bar crawls and karaoke. 亚历山德罗宫旅馆很有趣。工作人员为客人举办了许多酒吧活动，如免费酒水酒吧爬行和卡拉OK。 27. sink熟义:v.下沉;使(船只)沉没 生义:n. ______________ (2021•新高考卷•读后续写)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread. 珍娜把烧焦的一块扔进水槽里，然后放入另一片面包。 28. stand 熟义:vi.站立;位于 生义: n. ______________ (2021•新高考I卷•B) “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said, “Luckily, I was able to catch them and put them back.” 蒂特顿先生说:“我正在翻页为下一页做准备，但翻页的风导致备用页从架子上掉下来，幸运的是我抓住了它们并将它们放回去。” 29. weight 熟义:n.重量,重力 生义: n. ______________ (2021•全国乙卷•七选五) He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most. 他或她是最能感受到那种尴尬压力的人。 01 完形填空夹叙夹议文解题步骤 02 完形填空夹叙夹议文解题要领 解题要领 内容解读 分析结构，抓住作者观点 借助文章结构，即事例→观点，观点→事例，观点→事例→观点，体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的写作思路。 重视首句，把握文章主题 首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心，为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。 叙议兼顾，理解议论内涵 夹叙夹议文中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合对人物心理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。 抓住转换，理清逻辑关系 抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上，辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。 03 完形填空夹叙夹议文常见失误及对策 夹叙夹议文兼具叙事的连贯性与议论的逻辑性，既要求理解故事情节发展，又需把握作者观点态度，因此解题时易因忽略文体特性出现失误。以下结合该文体特点，针对常见问题展开详细分析并提供实用对策：​ 一、没有严格遵循答题步骤，忽略语篇逻辑关联​ 夹叙夹议文的核心在于 “叙为议服务”，叙事部分铺垫背景、提供论据，议论部分点明主旨、升华观点，二者紧密衔接。许多同学解题时急于求成，拿到题目后直接逐空分析选项，仅关注空格前后的短语搭配或语法规则，忽略了 “叙事线索如何推动议论展开” 这一核心逻辑。例如，在讲述人物经历的段落中，若跳过对事件起因、经过的整体梳理，直接选择描述人物动作或情感的词汇，可能会与后文议论部分强调的 “成长感悟”“人生道理” 脱节，导致语义矛盾。​ 切记：需用 2-3 分钟完成 “两步初读”。 第一步，快速浏览全文，重点关注首段（通常交代故事背景或引出话题）、尾段（往往总结观点、点明主旨）以及叙事部分的时间、地点、人物关系变化，初步搭建 “叙事 - 议论”的逻辑框架； 第二步，带着 “故事想说明什么道理” 的疑问再次略读，标记出议论性语句（如含转折词 but、however，总结词 therefore、in conclusion，观点词 think、believe 等的句子），明确叙事与议论的衔接节点，再逐个填空，避免 “断章取义”。​ 二、不注意积累答题技巧，错失关键线索​ 夹叙夹议文的解题线索既隐藏在叙事的细节中，也体现在议论的逻辑里，部分同学因缺乏针对性技巧，常陷入 “线索视而不见、选择全凭感觉” 的困境，具体表现为三类问题：​ 第一类：忽略首句的 “总起 / 铺垫”作用：夹叙夹议文的首句多为叙事开篇（如 “Last summer, I volunteered at a community center”）或议论引子（如 “Every small act of kindness can make a big difference”），不仅交代核心背景，还会暗示全文基调。若跳过首句直接解题，可能无法把握故事的情感走向（如温暖、遗憾、励志）或议论的核心话题（如 “坚持”“责任”“包容”），导致后续选择偏离主题。​ 第二类：忽视 “叙事细节与议论观点” 的照应关系：此类文章中，叙事部分的细节（人物的动作、环境的描写、事件的结果）往往是议论观点的 “论据支撑”，而议论语句又会反过来暗示叙事的发展方向。例如，后文议论 “Perseverance helps us overcome difficulties”，前文叙事中大概率会有 “人物遇到挫折却不放弃” 的细节，若忽略这种照应，可能会误选与 “坚持” 无关的词汇（如 “give up”“quit”）。​ 第三类：面对长难句时缺乏 “拆分逻辑” 的能力：夹叙夹议文中常出现含多个从句的长句（如 “After I failed the math exam for the second time, my teacher told me that it was not the result but the effort that mattered”），部分同学因不会拆分句子结构，难以区分 “叙事内容”（前半句 “考试失利”）与 “议论观点”（后半句 “努力比结果重要”），导致对语义的理解模糊，最终随意选择选项。​ 切记：需针对性积累三类核心技巧：​ 首句定位法：解题前先圈出首句中的关键信息（时间、人物、核心事件、观点关键词），将其作为 “解题锚点”，后续每道题的选择都需围绕首句暗示的基调或话题展开，避免偏离主线。​ 线索呼应法：填空时随时关注 “前后文线索”，一方面找叙事细节的 “复现词”，另一方面找 “议论观点对叙事的暗示”，需回顾前文事件，选择与教训/ 感悟匹配的词汇），通过双向呼应验证选项合理性。​ 长句拆分法：遇到长句时，先找出句子主干（主谓宾结构），区分叙事部分和议论部分，再逐层理解语义。 三、时间安排不当，导致 会做的没做好，难的没思路​ 夹叙夹议文的题目难度分布通常呈阶梯式：前半部分叙事题（如考查动词、名词的基础搭配）较简单，中间部分 “叙事-议论衔接题”（如考查转折、因果关系的连词）难度中等，后半部分议论观点题（如考查抽象名词、观点态度的形容词）难度较高。许多同学解题时习惯 “按顺序逐题死磕”，遇到难题时反复纠结，浪费大量时间，导致后面简单的题目因时间紧张仓促作答，甚至来不及检查；还有部分同学为追求速度，对简单题也草草浏览，忽略细节线索，造成不必要的失误。​ 切记：需遵循 “总分总”的时间分配原则，以一篇 20 空、建议用时 15-18 分钟的完形填空为例：​ 初读定调（2-3 分钟）：如前文所述，快速梳理叙事脉络与议论主旨，不纠结具体空格，避免因细节浪费时间。分层解题（10-12 分钟）：按 “易-中-难” 顺序推进：​ 先做 “基础信息题”（如考查时间、地点、人物动作的名词、动词，答案多能从前后文直接找到线索），这类题目占比约 40%，快速完成可建立解题信心；​ 再做 “逻辑衔接题”（如考查转折、因果、让步关系的连词 but、so、though，或考查指代关系的代词 it、they），这类题目需结合 “叙事-议论” 的逻辑关系分析，占比约 30%；​ 最后攻克 “观点理解题”（如考查作者态度的形容词 positive、negative，或考查抽象概念的名词 courage、wisdom），这类题目需结合全文主旨判断，若暂时无思路，可先标记，避免卡壳。​ 复盘检查（2-3 分钟）：完成所有空格后，再次通读全文，重点检查 “逻辑衔接题”和“观点理解题” 是否与主旨一致，同时关注语法搭配是否正确，若发现语义矛盾或搭配不当，及时修正。 ( 完形填空 夹叙夹议 文 综合能力提升 ) 真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维 01 (2024全国甲卷) 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the 41 to help my grandmother wash dishes. 42 my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood. Born just before WWII, my grandmother 43 an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to 44 . Like in typical families, where boys were 45 much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do 46 . The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to 47 was when her brother was having Chinese 48 with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening 49 . This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down — a skill that has turned out to be quite 50 , especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the 51 . There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 52 while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I 53 — her ability to open her 54 underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed. My childhood is quite 55 compared with hers. I am 56 that I did not need to 57 the hardships like she did. I've never faced the problem of 58 . I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 59 to: her stories always make my history textbooks 60 . 41. A. sitting room B. kitchen C. yard D. dining hall 42. A. As always B. By the way C. For example D. Here and now 43. A. adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D. experienced 44. A. work B. school C. court D. press 45. A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D. acknowledged 46. A. gardening B. homework C. business D. housework 47. A. exercise B. study C. explore D. teach 48. A. food B. guests C. lessons D. tea 49. A. closely B. directly C. nervously D. freely 50. A. professional B. awkward C. simple D. practical 51. A. market B. mountain C. beach D. class 52. A. secret B. breath C. view D. tongue 53. A. admire B. notice C. adopt D. value 54. A. hands B. mouth C. eyes D. arms 55. A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar 56. A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful 57. A. reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D. prepare for 58. A. unemployment B. health C. education D. communication 59. A. attend B. refer C. lead D. talk 60. A. come true B. come round C. come out D. come alive 02 (2021全国乙卷) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a 41 just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 42 of gratitude(感谢). My thoughts were soon 43 . We had a woman patient who was 44 from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while 45 to get into bed she collapsed(倒下) from what was 46 discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 47 the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though 48 , and was ready for discharge(出院)after four weeks. She was 49 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her 50 at her recovery. As she was 51 she was eager to say 52 to each of us in the nursing team. When she 53 one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague 54 to accept it, saying that we were all just 55 our job. The patient looked puzzled, and then 56 :“Oh this isn't for the 57 I had. I take that as a 58 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.” And there you have it. To many people, 59 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an 60 and should be rewarded. 41. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor 42. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations 43. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account 44. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering 45. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising 46. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly 47. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving 48. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily 49. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful 50. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment 51. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving 52. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes 53. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded 54. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused 55. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting 56. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported 57. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care 58. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting 59. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building 60. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra 03 (2020全国I卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they’ll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it’s 45 a window has kept them from 46 millions of requests to open the door. I hate lying to the kids. One day they’ll 47 and discover that everything they’ve always known about windows is a 48 . I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we’re telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical（比喻） meanings. I’m telling them they can’t open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder, “What if it isn’t a door?” That is, “What if it isn’t a 57 opportunity?” Maybe it’s an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn’t lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say, “No. We can’t go outside now.” Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won’t 60 to open them and walk through. 41. A. relief B. target C. reason D. case 42. A. admit B. believe C mean D. realize 43. A. gradually B. constantly C. temporarily D. casually 44. A. result B. danger C. method D. truth 45. A. merely B. slightly C. hardly D. partly 46. A. reviewing B. approving C. receiving D. attempting 47. A. win out B. give up C. wake up D. stand out 48. A. dream B. lie C. fantasy D. fact 49. A. parents B. twins C. colleagues D. teachers 50. A. restrictions B. explanations C. differences D. consequences 51. A. demand B. fear C. desire D. doubt 52. A. physical B. biological C. spiritual D. behavioral 53. A. traditional B. important C. double D. original 54. A. life B. time C. reply D. history 55. A. by comparison with B. in addition to C. regardless of D. instead of 56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of 57. A. real B. typical C. similar D. limited 58. A. safety rule B. comfort zone C. bottom line D. top secret 59. A. delay B. regret C. enjoy D. accept 60. A. hurry B. decide C. hesitate D. intend 模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考 01（2025·辽宁·模拟预测）It was a dark night. Thick, dark, gray clouds had made sure that there was no starlight or moonlight to 1 me as I walked out on my porch. Still, I kept the porch light off because I didn’t want to be 2 by bugs and moths on this sticky summer evening. I stood there for a while letting my eyes adapt to the 3 of light. My dog stood beside me waiting 4 for me to start her walk. It was then, though, that I saw them. First one blink of light at the far end of the grassland was 5 by another and then another. I smiled. I recognized them at once as my firefly friends, who always 6 this time of the year. Witnessing them initially during my childhood days and later in my adulthood has provided me with immeasurable joy. They never became 7 and they always filled me with delight. During my childhood, I would often rest in the soft embrace of the grass, my gaze fixed upon them as they flew about, their lights twinkling on and off like distant stars 8 in the earthly world. I never caught and put one in a jar as some kids did because I was 9 I might kill it and I never wanted to hurt these 10 of light. Their time on this earth was so 11 as it was. I tried to enjoy them each night they were here. It always saddened me when they disappeared in the fall and it always made my heart 12 when they reappeared the next summer. I believe my profound fondness for these little fireflies stems from the recognition that, in numerous aspects, we bear a 13 to them. Our existence upon this earth is fleeting. Often our light and love are more like on and off blinks rather than a 14 shine. Let’s share our light and love while we are here then, like the 15 . 1．A．greet B．watch C．approach D．protect 2．A．covered B．surrounded C．held D．stopped 3．A．existence B．lack C．test D．impact 4．A．nervously B．confidently C．eagerly D．carefully 5．A．followed B．caught C．appeared D．brought 6．A．broke in B．went by C．showed up D．got across 7．A．familiar B．dull C．dangerous D．appealing 8．A．travelling B．looking C．waiting D．dancing 9．A．afraid B．sure C．guilty D．ashamed 10．A．holders B．gatherers C．supporters D．messengers 11．A．swift B．tough C．brief D．permanent 12．A．melt B．sink C．race D．sing 13．A．response B．similarity C．contribution D．contrast 14．A．considerable B．bright C．regular D．steady 15．A．moths B．bugs C．fireflies D．stars 02（2025·江西上饶·二模）I teach at a university. One of the “problems” this 1 is that, as the years pass, I get 2 , but my students remain the same age — 18 to 22. Early on, when I was in my 20s and 30s, this wasn’t a(n) 3 , as we were close enough in age to speak the same language. But lately I have become 4 aware that a linguistic ship seems to have 5 and I am not on board. Let me 6 : Recently, when I walked into my class, my students were 7 warmly with each other. One of their comments 8 my ear. “Venmo it to me.” I had no 9 what “Venmo” meant, so I asked. The 10 students were happy to explain it to me, and in return I 11 with an expression of silly embarrassment. I am not 12 change, but I am uncomfortable with change when its 13 has me hanging on by my fingernails. I once joked to a friend that if I were to awaken from a five-year 14 , I’d have no idea what people were talking about. I just wouldn’t understand the language. It’s a case of the educator becoming the educated, and I congratulate myself on at least having the 15 to know what they’re talking about, as well as on my ability — for the most part — to try to learn to understand them. 1．A．presents B．solves C．ignores D．avoids 2．A．slower B．younger C．wiser D．older 3．A．solution B．issue C．advantage D．opportunity 4．A．rarely B．barely C．strongly D．nearly 5．A．sailed B．arrived C．stopped D．disappeared 6．A．discuss B．show C．describe D．illustrate 7．A．arguing B．chatting C．laughing D．whispering 8．A．ignored B．missed C．caught D．avoided 9．A．idea B．thought C．plan D．sense 10．A．hard-working B．good-natured C．absent-minded D．bad-manners 11．A．waved B．shook C．nodded D．pointed 12．A．addicted to B．accustomed to C．indifferent to D．opposed to 13．A．pace B．slowness C．ease D．difficulty 14．A．adventure B．mission C．dream D．trip 15．A．ability B．desire C．effort D．failure 03（2025·河北邢台·模拟预测）This weekend, I’m running my 10th marathon. The weather looks perfect, and I’m ready — thanks to a 1 from the past. Last year, at the Boston Marathon, I came in fit enough to know I was 2 of a personal best time. However, three miles in, I realized I was hurting way too early. I convinced myself that I would never race in a marathon again if I just 3 Mile 10. At Mile 10, I then 4 to get to the halfway point — 13.1 miles, after which I’d reassess the next 5 . By Mile 22, after a few miles of stretching and deep breathing, I regained my strength and felt 6 to reclaim whatever time I could. I ended up 7 the last four miles way faster than my initial pace. 8 , I’d 9 the marathon race into “process goals”, small objectives that were more within my 10 , instead of focusing on my original “outcome goal” of running my fastest time ever. That can be a remarkably effective strategy for all kinds of 11 . That’s because focusing on one step at a time can help 12 our anxiety and show us what we can 13 in the meantime. Many people always aim for ambitious goals like 14 a dream job or winning an award. These can be highly 15 , but they’re usually at least partially unmanageable and can lead to disappointment if you fall short. Instead, focusing on smaller process goals can ultimately shape good outcomes. 1．A．mistake B．lesson C．suggestion D．request 2．A．fearful B．critical C．capable D．aware 3．A．hit B．missed C．skipped D．selected 4．A．hesitated B．happened C．failed D．resolved 5．A．problem B．move C．column D．break 6．A．frightened B．indifferent C．determined D．annoyed 7．A．avoiding B．calculating C．canceling D．covering 8．A．Unknowingly B．Subsequently C．Conventionally D．Desperately 9．A．broken down B．taken down C．turned down: D．put down 10．A．budget B．control C．expectations D．responsibilities 11．A．goal setting B．risk taking C．time managing D．progress estimating 12．A．indicate B．reserve C．predict D．lessen 13．A．recognize B．achieve C．imagine D．contribute 14．A．quitting B．offering C．landing D．changing 15．A．sensitive B．productive C．motivating D．challenging 04（2025·浙江·一模）I spent three years living and working in Australia, which felt like a never-ending adventure. When the time came for me, armed with the belief that my strong 1 to reconnect with family and my 2 decision to return would make the transition (过渡) effortless, I 3 to come back to my hometown. Oh, how 4 I was. I was ready for many but what I hadn’t expected was feeling like a complete 5 in my own homeland. The vibes in Australia and my hometown were quite different. But the real challenge was trying to 6 with my family. Our conversations felt 7 , like we were speaking different languages. While they talked about day-to-day life, I found myself 8 to share my tales of weekend trips to the Outback. Our shared 9 felt like an old, uncomfortable jacket that didn’t quite fit anymore. I 10 that transitions, even when you have the best intentions, are never 11 . But I also got to know the great importance of 12 , both with myself and with my loved ones. Slowly but surely, I began to find a new pattern, 13 the best of both worlds. And you know what I’ve 14 felt more at peace or true to myself. It’s like I had to step outside my comfort zone to really grow and 15 what matters most to me. 1．A．resistance B．desire C．promise D．curiosity 2．A．intentional B．permanent C．tough D．crucial 3．A．refused B．happened C．decided D．struggled 4．A．lucky B．lonely C．wrong D．crazy 5．A．victim B．failure C．burden D．foreigner 6．A．reason B．travel C．consult D．reconnect 7．A．funny B．serious C．lengthy D．awkward 8．A．forgetting B．longing C．pretending D．fearing 9．A．goals B．rules C．history D．hope 10．A．predicted B．realized C．remembered D．proved 11．A．necessary B．complex C．painful D．smooth 12．A．patience B．familiarity C．satisfaction D．honesty 13．A．combining B．imagining C．offering D．admitting 14．A．often B．still C．never D．nearly 15．A．fight for B．figure out C．let go of D．put up with 05（2025·江西新余·模拟预测）I was always interested in biology. However, it wasn’t until I saw a film about cave diving in secondary school — in which I 1 divers glide past massive stalactites (钟乳石) — that I 2 I wanted to study cave animals. The video didn’t mention the creatures 3 in those underwater houses, but I 4 they must be there. More than just naming them, I wanted to understand their ecology, which meant I needed to study them in their 5 habitat. Cave diving requires 6 equipment and coordinated (协调) groups. I 7 carry lights and navigation tools, and bring extra air tanks. During trips, I use nets and test tubes to collect tiny, nearly 8 animals floating in the water. We’ve come to understand that caves are full of life: shrimp, sea stars and worms, all 9 life in low-light environments. Although underwater caves might seem far removed from surface environments, research has shown that these worlds are 10 in many ways. In places such as the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, jungles 11 water directly from underground sinkholes as it 12 towards the sea, where it connects with offshore coral reefs. If pollutants get 13 , they can affect these ecosystems. I’m researching the resilience (恢复力) of cave ecosystems to climate change. If we don’t 14 these mysterious places, they could be gone before we have the 15 to understand them. And everything that makes them unique will disappear too. 1．A．watched B．heard C．sensed D．felt 2．A．admitted B．noticed C．reminded D．realized 3．A．hiding B．living C．floating D．sleeping 4．A．knew B．learned C．doubted D．ensured 5．A．reasonable B．comfortable C．modern D．natural 6．A．expensive B．special C．fashionable D．beautiful 7．A．only B．ever C．always D．never 8．A．unbelievable B．valuable C．invisible D．attractive 9．A．adapted for B．appealed to C．devoted to D．prepared for 10．A．silenced B．mirrored C．linked D．encouraged 11．A．push B．absorb C．drink D．pollute 12．A．gets B．strikes C．rises D．flows 13．A．home B．spread C．there D．underground 14．A．conserve B．touch C．reach D．find 15．A．knowledge B．energy C．decision D．chance 06（2025高三上·全国·专题练习）For many, Friday is a day filled with excitement in anticipation of the weekend ahead. I, too, 1 Fridays. After dropping my son off at school, I often 2 myself to a coffee from Starbucks. 3 heading straight home, I take a scenic route, often stopping by my favorite park corner, and smile all day simply because it’s Friday. When I 4 my son after school, we high-five physically and 5 , our chorus of “FRIDAY!” echoing as loudly as our hand clap. We notice the early 6 of celebration on our way home — people on swings, and parties starting up. It feels like the whole world is celebrating Friday! Today, I 7 the doctor’s office happy over good news about my health. My good mood was 8 by the signs of spring all around — blooming flowers and singing birds. I suddenly felt an urge to celebrate, whispered “Cappuccino!” and walked toward the coffee bar that was 9 located just around the corner. But then my mind 10 . “It’s Tuesday! Coffee treats are 11 for Fridays!” This made me pause; why wait to enjoy life until the weekend? Minutes later I walked back to my car with a cappuccino in my hand. A small 12 , to be sure, but it’s also an illustration of how many of us are waiting for life’s 13 — graduation, financial stability, etc. — before we allow ourselves to enjoy life. And in that waiting we 14 so much of our daily joy. What if we carried a little of that “Friday feeling” into our rainy Mondays, gloomy Tuesdays and mid-week Wednesdays? Surely our lives would be much 15 as a result. 1．A．ignore B．criticize C．celebrate D．memorize 2．A．treat B．devote C．accustom D．connect 3．A．Instead of B．Because of C．As for D．Apart from 4．A．catch up B．take in C．pick up D．bring up 5．A．spiritually B．mentally C．precisely D．vocally 6．A．signs B．attempts C．awareness D．sources 7．A．entered B．left C．visited D．checked 8．A．cured B．enhanced C．resolved D．adjusted 9．A．accidentally B．approximately C．independently D．conveniently 10．A．defended B．focused C．rebelled D．urged 11．A．restored B．reserved C．conserved D．observed 12．A．defeat B．warning C．victory D．surprise 13．A．attractions B．processes C．elements D．milestones 14．A．set B．miss C．capture D．measure 15．A．happier B．quieter C．busier D．easier 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第33页，共33页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $