Unit 2 Hobbies（期中知识清单） 四年级英语上学期（精通版·新教材）

知识清单·精通版四年级上册 Unit2 Hobbies 知识梳理 知识点拨 【考点一】Do的一般疑问句 【考点二】询问某人爱好是什么的问答 考点一：Do的一般疑问句 —Do you have any hobbies? —Yes, I like listening to music. 解析：问句含义：“你有什么兴趣爱好吗？”（用 do 一般疑问句礼貌询问对方是否有兴趣爱好，“any” 表 “一些”，适配疑问句语境）答句含义：“是的，我喜欢听音乐。”（先肯定回答 “有”，再具体说明自己的兴趣爱好，逻辑完整） do一般疑问句核心语法规则 do一般疑问句是四年级英语的重点语法，主要用于 “询问主语（非三单）在一般现在时的动作或状态”，核心规则可总结为 “一提、二变、三原形”： 1. 基本结构：Do + 主语（非三单） + 动词原形 + 其他？ 一提：把助动词 “Do” 提到句首（首字母大写）； 二变：主语后接 “动词原形”（无论主语是第几人称，只要用 Do 引导，动词都不能加 “s/es”）； 三原形：句中若有 “some”（一些），在疑问句中要变成 “any”（如本句 “any hobbies”，不用 “some hobbies”）。 例句（贴合四年级 “兴趣 / 日常” 场景）： Do you like reading books?（你喜欢看书吗？） Do they play football after school?（他们放学后踢足球吗？） 2. 回答方式：肯定 / 否定回答有固定格式 回答类型 固定格式 例句（结合本对话） 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + do.（可补充具体内容） Yes, I do.（是的，我有。）→ 补充：I like listening to music. 否定回答 No, 主语 + don’t.（可补充原因） No, I don’t.（不，我没有。）→ 补充：I’m too busy. 注意： 回答中的 “do/don’t” 要与问句的 “Do” 呼应，不能用 “is/are” 或 “does/doesn’t”（后者用于主语是三单的疑问句）。 3. 关键区分：Do 引导 vs Does 引导（四年级易混点） 四年级学生常混淆 “Do” 和 “Does” 的用法，核心区别在主语是否为第三人称单数： 助动词 适用主语（一般现在时） 例句（兴趣爱好场景） Do 第一 / 二人称（I/you）、复数（we/they/students） Do you have hobbies? / Do they like swimming? Does 第三人称单数（he/she/it/Tom/my mom） Does Tom have hobbies? / Does she like listening to music? 【记忆口诀】 非三单用 Do，三单用 Does；助动词后，动词原形跟着走。 （二）常见误区与纠正 1.助动词后用动词三单❌ 错误：Do you has any hobbies?（has→have，助动词后用原形）✅ 正确：Do you have any hobbies? 2.疑问句中用 “some” 不用 “any”❌ 错误：Do you have some hobbies?（some→any，疑问句用 any）✅ 正确：Do you have any hobbies? 3.回答时不用 “do/don’t” 呼应❌ 错误：—Do you like music? —Yes, I am.（am→do，呼应问句的 Do）✅ 正确：—Do you like music? —Yes, I do. 4.主语是三单却用 “Do” 引导❌ 错误：Do Tom have hobbies?（Tom 是三单，Do→Does）✅ 正确：Does Tom have hobbies? 【大显身手】 一、单项选择题。 （ ）1. —______ Tom have any hobbies? —Yes, he likes playing football. A. Do B. Does C. Is D. Are （ ）2.—Do you have ______ hobbies? —Yes, I like listening to music and reading books. A. any B. some C. a D. an （ ）3.—Do you ______ drawing pictures? —No, I don’t. I like singing better. A. likes B. like C. liking D. to like （ ）4.—Do you have any hobbies? —______. I’m too busy with my homework. A. No, I don’t not B. No, I doesn’t C. No, I don’t D. No, I isn’t （ ）5.—Do you like ______? —Yes, I do. I draw a cat every weekend. A. draw B. draws C. to draw D. drawing 考点二：询问某人爱好是什么的问答 —What are your hobbies? —I like playing weiqi and reading stories. 解析：这段对话是四年级英语中“询问与回答多个兴趣爱好”的核心交际句型，问句含义：“你的爱好是什么？”（用复数 “hobbies”，默认询问 “多个爱好”，比问 “a hobby” 更贴近实际） 答句含义：“我喜欢下围棋和读故事。”（用 “and” 连接两个爱好，直接回应 “多个爱好” 的提问，简洁自然） （一）核心句型：“询问爱好” 与 “回答爱好” 的固定结构 （1）询问爱好：根据 “爱好数量” 选 be 动词 问 “多个爱好”（常用）：What are your hobbies?（hobbies 是复数→用 are） 问 “一个爱好”（较少用）：What is your hobby?（hobby 是单数→用 is） 例句对比： ✅ 问多个：What are your hobbies?（你的爱好是什么？） ✅ 问一个：What is your hobby?（你的爱好是什么？） （2）回答爱好：“like doing sth”+“and 连接并列爱好” 基础结构：I like + 动词 - ing（爱好 1） + and + 动词 - ing（爱好 2）. 两个关键规则： ① “like” 后接动词必须用ing 形式（四年级重点：like doing sth = 喜欢做某事）； ② 列举两个及以上爱好时，用 “and” 连接最后一个爱好（前面的爱好之间可加逗号，也可直接用 and）。 例句： ✅ 两个爱好：I like reading stories and drawing pictures.（我喜欢读故事和画画。） ✅ 三个爱好：I like playing football, singing and dancing.（我喜欢踢足球、唱歌和跳舞。） 2. “like doing sth” 的用法（答句核心，四年级必记） 动词类型 变 ing 规则 示例（爱好相关动词） 一般动词 直接加 ing play→playing（玩）、read→reading（读）、sing→singing（唱） 以不发音 e 结尾 去 e 加 ing dance→dancing（跳舞）、write→writing（写） 重读闭音节（短元音 + 辅音结尾） 双写末尾辅音加 ing run→running（跑）、swim→swimming（游） 易错提醒：“like” 后不能直接接动词原形（如❌ I like play weiqi.），也不能接 “to + 动词”（四年级暂不要求 “like to do”，重点记 “like doing”）。 3. “hobby” 的单复数变化（问句核心，易混淆） “hobby”（爱好）的单复数变化是四年级易出错点，需单独记： 单数：hobby（一个爱好）→ 搭配 be 动词 “is”（如：My hobby is reading.） 复数：hobbies（多个爱好）→ 变 y 为 i 加 es（规则：以辅音 + y 结尾的名词，变复数时 y→i+es），搭配 be 动词 “are”（如：My hobbies are reading and playing.） 错误对比： ❌ 复数错写：My hobbyes are...（y 没变 i） ✅ 正确写法：My hobbies are... （二）常见误区与纠正 1.“hobby” 复数变化错误 ❌ 错误：What are your hobby?（hobby→hobbies，复数） / My hobbyes are...（y→i+es） ✅ 正确：What are your hobbies? / My hobbies are... 2.“like” 后接动词原形 ❌ 错误：I like play weiqi.（play→playing，like 后接 ing） ✅ 正确：I like playing weiqi. 3.并列爱好漏用 “and” 或 “ing” ❌ 错误：I like playing weiqi reading stories.（漏 and） / I like play weiqi and read stories.（漏 ing）✅ 正确：I like playing weiqi and reading stories. 4.be 动词与单复数不匹配 ❌ 错误：What is your hobbies?（hobbies 是复数，is→are） ✅ 正确：What are your hobbies? 【大显身手】 一、单项选择 （ ）1. —What ______ your hobbies? —I like reading books and playing basketball. A. is B. are C. do D. does （ ）2.—What are your hobbies? —I like ______ pictures and singing songs. A. draw B. draws C. drawing D. to draw （ ）3.—I like playing football ______ swimming. They are my hobbies. —Wow, those are cool! A. but B. and C. or D. with （ ）4.—What are your ______? —I like playing weiqi and reading stories. A. hobby B. hobbys C. hobbies D. hobbyes （ ）5.—What are your hobbies? —______. A. I go to school every day B. I like eating noodles C. I like dancing and running D. I have a new bag 写作指引 一、写作。 请你写一篇短文，介绍一下你的爱好和家人的爱好，要求：1. 句子通顺，思路清晰有条理。2. 不少于50字。 （一）写作指导 段落 核心内容（单元重点：家人 + 爱好 + 简单频率） 常用句型（单元学过基础句） 开头（1 句） 总起：“我和家人都有爱好”，点出主题 My family and I all have hobbies. / Hobbies make our life fun. 中间（3-4 句） 分述：1. 我的爱好 + 简单频率；2. 爸爸 / 妈妈的爱好 + 简单频率（选 2 位家人即可） ① I like... I...every day/week.（如 I like reading. I read every evening.） ② My dad’s hobby is... He...twice a week.（如 My dad likes playing football. He plays it on Sundays.） ③ My mom likes... She...on weekends.（如 My mom likes cooking. She cooks new food on weekends.） 结尾（1 句） 总结：“爱好让家庭开心”，表达感受 We love our hobbies. / Our hobbies make our family happy. （二）范文： My Family’s Hobbies My family and I all have hobbies. They make our small family very happy. I like reading stories best. I read a new storybook every evening before bed. Sometimes I tell interesting parts of the story to my mom and dad. My dad’s hobby is playing football. He plays it with his friends twice a week—usually on Saturdays. He says playing football keeps him strong. My mom likes cooking. She tries to make new dishes on weekends, like tomato and egg soup. We all love eating her food. Our hobbies are not the same, but we often talk about them. I love my family’s hobbies! 综合训练 一、单项选择题。（共 5 题） （ ）1.My hobby is ______ storybooks. I read one every night. A. read B. reading C. reads （ ）2.—______ is your hobby? —I like collecting toy cars. A. What B. How C. Where （ ）3.Lucy ______ singing songs. She joins the school music club. A. like B. likes C. liking （ ）4.—How often do you draw pictures? —______ a week. A. Two time B. Twice C. Second （ ）5.I like ______ with my friends after school. It’s my favourite hobby. A. dance B. dances C. dancing 二、根据括号内提示或上下文，补全单词或用所给词的正确形式填空。（共 5 题） 1.My favourite ______（爱好）is collecting stamps. I have 50 of them. 2.Tom ______（draw）pictures every weekend. He is good at it.（用所给词的正确形式） 3.—What do you like doing in your free time? —I like ______（唱歌）. It makes me happy. 4.There are many ______（hobby）in our class, like reading and dancing.（用所给词的正确形式） 5.She ______（not like）playing chess. She thinks it’s boring.（用所给词的正确形式） 三、从方框中选择合适的单词，补全句子。（每词限用一次）（共 5 题） Reading collecting drawing singing dancing 1.My sister likes ______ English books. She learns new words from them. 2.Peter’s hobby is ______ toy planes. He has a big box of them. 3.Let’s go ______ in the park! The music is nice and lively. 4.The art teacher often helps me with ______ animals. My pictures look real. 5.My mom enjoys ______ in the kitchen while she cooks. Her voice is sweet. 四、将 A 栏的问句与 B 栏的答句用线连起来。（共 5 题） A 栏 1.What’s your hobby? 2.Do you like collecting postcards? 3.How often do you read storybooks? 4.Is dancing your favourite hobby? 5.What do you usually do for your hobby? B 栏 A. Every evening before bed. B. I like drawing cartoons. C. I usually practice singing for an hour. D. No, I don’t. I like collecting stamps. E. Yes, it is. I dance every Saturday. 五、按要求改写句子。（共 5 题） 1.I like collecting toy buses.（改为一般疑问句） 2.She plays the piano every Sunday.（改为否定句） 3.Tom’s hobby is reading science books.（对划线部分提问） 4.We go swimming three times a week.（对划线部分提问） 5.This is my hobby.（改为复数句） 六、补全对话。（共 5 题） 根据对话情境，选择合适的句子补全对话，将序号填在横线上。 A. Do you want to join me? B. What do you do in your free time? C. I usually collect them from my pen friends. D. My hobby is collecting postcards. E. How many postcards do you have now? Lily: Hi, Jack! 1.______ Jack: Hi, Lily! I have a fun hobby. 2.______ Lily: That’s cool!3. ______ Jack: I have 30. They are from different countries. Lily: How do you get so many postcards? Jack: 4.______ They send me postcards with beautiful pictures. Lily: Wow! I want to see them sometime. Jack: Sure! 5.______ We can look at them together this weekend. Lily: Great! I’d love to. 七、【新情境·生活运用】情境判断与纠错。（共 5 题） 1.My hobby is watch TV. I watch it every day. （ ） 2.He likes collect toy cars. He has a lot of them. （ ） 3.I go to the park and fly kites. It’s my favourite hobby. （ ） 4.She don’t like reading. She thinks books are boring. （ ） 5.Our hobbies are different: I like dancing, and my friend likes singing. （ ） 八、【新趋势·思维探究】根据例句，仿写句子。（共 5 题） 1.例句：My hobby is reading. I read storybooks every night. 仿写：___________________________________ 2.例句：I like collecting stamps. I have 40 stamps now. 仿写：___________________________________ 3.例句：She plays the guitar twice a week. It’s her favourite hobby. 仿写：___________________________________ 4.例句：We go hiking on weekends. Hiking is our hobby. 仿写：___________________________________ 5.例句：I don’t like playing chess. I think it’s too difficult. 仿写：___________________________________ 参考答案 考点一： 一、1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D 考点二： 一、1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.C 【综合训练】 一、单项选择题。 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 二、根据括号内提示或上下文，补全单词或用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. hobby 2. draws 3. singing 4. hobbies 5. doesn’t like 三、从方框中选择合适的单词，补全句子（每词限用一次）。 1. reading 2. collecting 3. dancing 4. drawing 5. singing 四、将 A 栏的问句与 B 栏的答句用线连起来。 1-B 2-D 3-A 4-E 5-C 五、按要求改写句子。 1. Do you like collecting toy buses? 2. She doesn’t play the piano every Sunday. 3. What’s Tom’s hobby? 4. How often do you go swimming? 5. These are our hobbies. 六、补全对话。 1.B 2. D 3. E 4. C 5. A 七、【新情境·生活运用】情境判断与纠错。 1. ×；My hobby is watching TV. I watch it every day. 2. ×；He likes collecting toy cars. He has a lot of them. 3. √ 4. ×；She doesn’t like reading. She thinks books are boring. 5. √ 八、【新趋势·思维探究】根据例句，仿写句子（注意结合生活实际）。 1. My hobby is dancing. I dance with my friends every Saturday. 2.I like collecting toy dolls. I have 20 toy dolls now. 3.He plays basketball three times a week. It’s his favourite hobby. 4.We draw pictures after school. Drawing is our hobby. 5.I don’t like playing the piano. I think it’s too tiring. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $