Unit 4 Body Language Words and expressions 单词讲解 课件-2025-2026学年人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册

Unit 4 Words and Expressions interact with...与...互动 P238③ interaction n.[C]相互作用 ( pl. -s) 供求关系的相互作用 the interaction of demand and supply 与......互动 ...与...之间的互动 interaction with interaction between ...and... interact vi.相互交往，相互作用 Ding Talk is an app where____________________________________________ your teachers can interact with you as well as give lectures. adj. _________ 各种各样的，不同的 various n. _________ 多样性 P467③ vary variety vi. (根据情况)变化；改变 n. variant 变体 in various ways for various reasons 各种各样的 1.The weather varied from quite mild to very cold. 2.The goods in the supermarket vary in size，color and price. 3.The colour of leaves varies with seasons. ①vary ____　在……方面不同/有差异 ②vary ____ sth 随……而变化 ③vary ____...to... 由……到……情况不等 in with from a variety of/varieties of a wide variety of... the variety of... ..的多样性 “a variety of/varieties of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；而“the variety of＋可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 P30② appropriate It's appropriate that...(should) do... ...是恰当的 be appropriate for sb to do adv. _____________ 恰当地 behave __________ 举止得体 appropriately appropriately adj. 合适的，恰当的 （ proper） by contrast 相比之下 in/by contrast with / to 与......相比（= by comparison to/with） in contrast 与此相反 P30③ approve get sb's approval give one's approval to without the approval of disapprove v.--- disapproval n. refuse v.--- refusal n. arrive v.--- arrival n. propose v. --- proposal n. survive v. --- survival n. remove v. --- removal n. vi. 赞成；同意 vt. 批准，通过 approval n.批准，认可，赞同 1)The National People’s Congress approved these reports. 批准了这些报告 2)I approve of your trying to earn some money，but please don’t neglect your studies. approve sth. 批准某事 approve of （sb/sb's doing) sth. 同意（某人做）某事 得到某人的同意 = get one's permission 同意，批准 = give one's permission to 未经...的同意= without the permission of... 构词法 approving adj. 赞许的；许可的 P126② demonstrate demonstration /ˌdemənˈstreɪʃn/ n.【C】证明 You need to demonstrate more self-control. ① Let me demonstrate to you some of the difficulties② we are facing. His ideas were demonstrated to be ③false. It has been demonstrated that④ this drug is effective. They will demonstrate how to handle⑤ the cars displayed at the hall vt. 证明;说明;表达;表露 ① demonstrate sth. ② demonstrate sth. to sb. ③ be demonstrated to do ④ It be demonstrated that ⑤ demonstrate how to do sth. 表达/展示sth. 向sb.说明/表达sth. 被证明是 据证明... 示范如何做sth. P198*② gesture 1）They communicated entirely by gesture. 2）He smiled, and made a gesture intended to comfort me. 3）Her refusal was merely a deliberate gesture. /ˈdʒestʃər/ n. [C/U] 手势，姿势；[C]姿态 用手势 做了个手势 一种姿态 P488② witness The past decades years has witnessed the unbelievable changes in China. n.【C】目击者，证人 vt.目击 ; 作证 If you witness something, you see it happen and you are a witness to something. He witnessed the car accident and was a witness to it. 1）witness sth. 2）witness it with one’s own eyes 3）a witness to 4）give/ bear witness to 5）时间/地点 witness/ see/ find .... 目击sth.发生 目睹 是...的目击者 为...作证；证明... 在某时某地发生了某事 P150④ employ employ sb. as employ sb. to do be employed in doing employ sth. out of employment unemployment rate vt. employer n.[C]雇主 employee n.[C]雇员 employment n.[U]就业，雇佣 unemployment n.[U]失业 1. If a person or company employs you, they pay you to work for them. 2. If you employ certain methods, materials, or expressions, you use them. 3. If your time is employed in doing something, you are using the time you have to do that thing. 雇佣 使用 应用 1)The company employs 18 workers. 2)More than 3,000 local workers are employed in the tourism industry. 3)The group will employ a novel method to achieve its aim. 4)Your time could be usefully employed in reciting English words and phrases. P230① identical The twins’ rooms were virtually identical, and they were always dressed identically. Her dress is almost identical to mine. adj. 相同的 identically adv.完全相同地 identify v.识别，鉴定 be identical to/ with sb./sth. 与...相似 P239① interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprɪt/ 1)vt. If you interpret something , you explain the meaning of sth. 3)vi./vt. If you interpret what someone is saying, you translate it immediately into another language. 2)vt. If you interpret something in a particular way, you decide that sth has a particular meaning and to understand it in this way ~ sth (as sth) 把…理解为...；领会 诠释；说明 口译; 作口译 interpret v.把...解释为...，口译 interpretation n.翻译，解释 interpreter n.翻译，口译员 translate v. translation n. translator n. P131③ differ differ from=be different from 与...不同 differ in=be different in 在...方面不同 tell the difference between A and B make a difference (to sth.) make no difference vi. 相异；与...不同 difference n.区别，不同 different adj. 不同的 differently adv.不同地 indifferent adj. 漠不关心的 People differ from person to person. P95 by comparison （尤用于句首）比较起来，较之 By comparison, expenditure(经费) on education increased last year. If you say, for example, that something is large or small in comparison with, in comparison to, or by comparison with something else, you mean that it is larger or smaller than the other thing. 相比...之下 P82① cheek n.[ C ] either side of the face below the eyes 面颊；脸颊 He kissed her on both cheeks. catch me by the arm lead the boy by the hand hit him on the ear pat her on the back 动词+sb.+介词+the+身体某一部位 抓住我的手臂 牵着男孩的手 打他一记耳光 拍她的后背 Tears are running down her cheeks. P174④ favour ①in favour __　支持，赞同 ②in sb.’s favour 对某人有利 ③do sb. a favour/do a favour __ sb. 帮某人一个忙 ④ask sb. a favour/ask a favour __ sb. 请某人帮个忙 1)I’m all in favour of equal pay for equal work. 2)The situation is in our favour at present. 3)Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today? 今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗？ 我完全支持同工同酬。 目前，形势对我们有利。 of for of ①I owed him ___ favour，so I couldn’t say no. ②Most of them were ___ favour of my opinion while David was against it. ③I was wondering if you could do me ___ favour. ④机遇和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。 →Opportunities and success tend to be ____________________________. →Opportunities and success tend to _______________________________. 1.n.[ C ] a thing that you do to help sb 帮助；好事；恩惠 2.n.[ U ] approval or support for sb/sth 赞同；支持 3. vt. If you favour something, you prefer it to the other choices available. 更喜欢,选择 4. vt. If A favour B, A provide suitable conditions for B(a particular person, group, etc.) 有利于 4)The French say they favour a romantic lifestyle. 5)The warm climate favours many types of tropical plants. a in a in favour of those who are ready favour those who are ready P60② bow /baʊ/ v. /bəʊ/ n. 弓； 3.A bow is a weapon . 4 A bow is a knot with two loops and two loose ends that is used in tying shoelaces and ribbons.蝴蝶结🎀 bows and arrows 1.vi.When you bow to someone, you briefly bend your body toward them as a formal way of greeting them or showing respect. 鞠躬；点头 She bowed her head in shame. 2. vt.If you bow your head, you bend it downward He bowed low to the Emperor of Janpan. 低头 P471① waist /weɪst/ n. [C] 他搂住了她的腰。 He put his arm around her waist. make inferences draw/make an inference from 由……而推断出 by inference 根据推论 infer sth.( from sth.) (根据某事而)推断出某事 1) --What inferences have you drawn from this evidence? --It had an extremely tiny head and, by inference, a tiny brain. 2) If he is guilty then, by inference , so is his wife . (= it is logical to think so, from the same evidence) n. [C]推论 n. [U]推断 infer vt. P61 break down (车)抛锚，(物质)分解，(计划)失败，(组织)瓦解， (人)非常悲伤，(身体)垮了， (和谈)中断 1)The telephone system has broken down. 2)Our car broke down on the freeway. 3)Talks with business leaders break down last night. 4)His health breaks down under the pressure of work. 5)He broke down and wept when he heard the news.. 6)Plastics are difficult to break down. (电话系统)失灵了 (谈判)失败。 他的(身体)垮了。 (他)崩溃了并痛哭起来。 (塑料)很难分解。 (汽车)抛锚了 break out(疾病、战争、火灾等)爆发 break in插话，打断 break into破门而入 break through突围;突破 break up分解; vi.(关系)破裂; (学校)期终放假，vt.结束(关系) break off折断;断开;中断 p43③ barrier a barrier to success a barrier against disease break down the barrier between...and... at the ticket barrier n. [C]隔阂；障碍；栅栏；屏障 成功的障碍 抵御疾病的屏障 消除………和…之间的障碍 在检票口 *P170① fake a jacket in fake fur All the paintings proved to be fakes. She faked her mother's signature on the document. He faked a yawn. n. [C]假货；赝品 vt.伪造；冒充 adj. 1) not genuine; appearing to be sth it is not 2) made to look like sth else 冒充的；伪造的 假的 人造毛皮短上衣 P23④ anger in anger 生气地 be filled with anger (= be full of anger)充满怒气 show anger 显示愤怒;生气 contain one’s anger 抑制某人的怒火 hold back one’s anger 抑制某人的怒火 control one’s anger 强压怒火 to one’s anger 使某人生气的是 anger sb. 激怒某人 n. [U] 愤怒;怒气 vt. 使生气;激怒 4.I___________________(生自己的气) for making such a stupid mistake. 5. He managed to__________________ and left 。他设法抑制住了怒火，然后离开了。 was angry with myself hold back his anger angry adj. Please don't be angry with me. It wasn't my fault. Her behaviour really made me angry . be angry with sb. 生某人的气 be angry over/ about sth. 因为某事而生气 P363③ reliable You can___________(放心)he won't make such an incredible mistake again. rely on it that adj.可靠的； 可信赖的 rely vi.依赖;依靠 rely on= depend on rely on sb. to do sth. 依赖某人做某事 rely on sb./sb.'s doing rely on it that...(= depend on it that...)相信 I rely on him because he is reliable. You may rely on it that she won't change her mind P234② incident n.[C] An incident is something that happens, often something that is unpleasant. 发生的事情;严重事件;冲突(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的事件) small incidents a serious incident an embarrassing incident 小事件 严重事故 尴尬的事件 reliably adv.可靠地 reliance n.依赖，依靠 P454② trial /ˈtraɪəl/ 1）a murder trial 2）New evidence showed the police lied at the trial. 3）He's on trial for murder. 4）The case never came to trial . 1）She agreed to employ me for a trial period . 2）We had the machine on trial for a week. 3）I took the car out for a trial on the roads. The idea has been trialled in several schools. 3. vt.测试（能力、质量、性能等）；试验；试用 1. n. A trial is a formal meeting in a law court, at which a judge and jury(陪审团) listen to evidence and decide whether a person accused of a crime is guilty or not. （法院的）审讯，审理，审判 2. n. A trial is an experiment in which you test something by using it or doing it for a period of time to see how well it works. If something is on trial, it is being tested in this way. （对能力、质量、性能等的）试验，试用 at the trial 在审判中 on trial 受审 came to trial 开庭审理 a trial period试用期 on trial 试用/验 in clinical trials 在临床试验中 谋杀案的审理 他因涉嫌谋杀罪而受审。 *P401③ slight adj. ( slighter-slightest ) 1.very small in degree 轻微的；略微的 1)The damage was slight and it was a slight collision. 2)I woke up with a slight headache. 3)Mary is a slight woman. 4)This is a very slight novel. 5)“Are you worried?” “Only slightly.” 6)After drinking some water， he felt slightly better and settled down. 7)slightly different 2.small and thin in size 细小的；纤细的；瘦小的 瘦小的女子 3.( formal ) not deserving serious attention 无须重视的；不足道的 这是一部颇不足道的小说。 “你担心吗？”“稍微有点。” 喝了一些水，他感觉稍微好些了，安静了下来。 slightly adv. 略微，稍微 稍有不同 小磕小碰 轻微的 有点头痛 P458③ twin 1）twin boys/girls 2）a twin brother/sister 3）a ship with twin propellers 4）She's expecting twins. n. [C]孪生儿之一； 双胞胎之一 twins n.双胞胎 adj.孪生的，双胞胎之一的 成双的，成对的 孪生男孩╱女孩 孪生兄弟╱姐妹中的一个 有双螺旋桨的船 她怀着双胞胎。 Twin Size X-Long Twin Size Full Size Queen Size King Size California King Size 单人床 -39 ×75 英寸 (or 99 × 190 公分) 加长单人床-39 × 80 英寸 (99 × 203 公分) 普通双人床- 54 × 75 英寸 (137 ×190 公分) 中号双人床 - 60 × 80 英寸 (or 152 ×203 公分) 大号双人床 -76 × 80 英寸 (or 193 × 203 公分) 加州大号双人床 -72× 84英寸 (or 182 × 213 公分) *① nonverbal (反)verbal verbal skills a verbal agreement/warning adj. 非语言的;不涉及语言的 Nonverbal communication consists of things such as the expression on your face, your arm movements, or your tone of voice, which show how you feel about something without using words. adj.文字的；言语的；词语的；口头（而非书面）的 语言表达技能 口头协议╱警告 P34③ assess P35③ assessment vt.评估;评价 n.评价;评定 reassess vt.重新评价;重新考虑 make an assessment of sth. 对…做出评估 assess A(as B) 评估/评定A(是B性质/质量) assessC(at D) 估算/核定C(为D数量/价值) be assessed at+钱数 估价为...钱数 P239② internal internal flight the internal relations of things internal doubts internal organs internal injuries internal bleeding external adj.外部的 internally adv.在内部 externally adv.在外部 adj.内部的，里面的（体内的，内心的） 国内航班 事物的内部联系 内心的疑惑 内脏 内伤 内出血 straighten up 1. If you straighten something up or straighten up something, you make it neat and tidy or put it in its proper position. 整理；收拾整齐 2. If you are standing in a relaxed or slightly bent position and then you straighten up , you make your back or body straight and upright. Mum told me to straighten up my room. He straightened up and slipped his hands in his pockets. 挺直腰 straighten out 解决(问题);整顿(混乱情况);(使)改好，(使)变好 *① slump 1. v.（价格、价值、数量等）骤降，猛跌，锐减 Sales have slumped this year. 2. v.重重地坐下（或倒下） The old man slumped down in his chair. 今年销售量锐减。 老先生一屁股跌坐到椅子上。 P331① pose n./vi./vt. 1)He adopted a relaxed pose for the camera. 2)Before going into their meeting the six foreign ministers posed for photographs. 3)This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry. vt. 造成（威胁、问题等） vi.（为画像、摄影）摆好姿势 n.[C]姿势 开会前，六国外长一起合影。 这可能对煤炭行业的就业造成威胁 他摆了个悠闲的姿势拍照。 adopt a...pose 摆出...的姿势/态 pose for a photograph 摆好姿势拍照 pose a threat to... 对...造成威胁 P50④ bend bend one's head bend one's knees bend the truth bend easily a sharp bend bend one's mind/efforts to sth. bend down vt.低下头 vt.屈膝 vt.歪曲事实 n.[C]一个急转弯 集中注意力于某事，专心致志于某事 (使)弯下,(使)折下 vi.容易弯曲 $