专题09 情态动词和虚拟语气（课件） -高中英语重点语法思维导图

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦情态动词和虚拟语气核心专题，依据高考评价体系梳理了基础用法、条件句虚拟、名词性从句虚拟等五大考查维度，通过近三年高考真题统计明确虚拟语气占65%、情态动词表推测占30%的高频考点分布，归纳出语法填空、语境辨析等典型题型。 课件亮点在于“真题溯源+分层突破+思维建模”的备考路径，如以2025年天津卷shall表承诺题、2024年江苏卷含蓄条件句题为例，详解“语境分析法”“时间轴定位法”，培养学生语言能力和逻辑思维素养。特设“易错对比表”和“母题变式训练”，助力学生掌握得分技巧，教师可据此精准定位薄弱点，实现高效复习。

高考英语 重点语法思维导图 专题九 情态动词和虚拟语气 1 01 1.can/could 表能力, 意为“能；会”;表示推测, 意为“可能” 2.may/might 表示征求对方意见, 意为“可以”;表示推测, 意为“可能” 3.will表意愿和决心，可用于各种人称; 用于第二人称时，表示征求对方意见 4.shall用于第一、三人称时，表示征求对方意见;用于第一人称时，多表示主动提议 5.should表示推测，意为“应该”;表示意外、惊喜或不可思议，意为 “竟然” 6.must意为“必须”; have to意为“不得不”;mustn't意为“禁止”,don't have to 意为“不必” 7.need意为“需要”;needn't意为“不必”;needn't have done 意为“本来不必做却做了” I can work out the math problem. He may be telling a lie. Will/Would you say it again? 情态动词基本用法 Shall I drive you to the airport? I can't imagine a gentleman should be rude to a lady. I have to return home before 10:00 p.m. You needn't have taken so many clothes with you. if条件句中的虚拟语气 02 虚拟语气 时间 从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 现在 过去式（be动词用were） should/would/could/might+动词原形 过去 had+过去分词 should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 将来 should+动词原形过去式 were to+动词原形 should/would/could/might+动词原形 1.错综时间的虚拟语气 当从句和主句所表示的行为发生的时间不一致时，谓语动词的形式要根据它所在的时间作出相应的调整。 If you hadn't left home without a word, your parents wouldn't be so worried now. （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反） 2.省略if的虚拟条件句要倒装 if虚拟条件句中出现were, had, should时，可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。 Were she my daughter （=If she were my daughter）, I wouldn't allow her to study abroad. 02 虚拟语气 含蓄条件句不使用if 引导的条件句来明确表示条件，而是通过短语、单词及上下 文来暗示，常用的词语有without, but for, otherwise, or等，此时可以从意思上推断出虚拟语气的时间。 Without his wartime experiences（= If he hadn't had his wartime experiences）, Hemingway wouldn't have written his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. Given more time （= If she had been given more time）, she would certainly have done much better. Being a doctor （= If I were a doctor）, I could cure many patients suffering from cancer. 02 虚拟语气 03 1.主语从句中的虚拟语气 在某些“It is/was+形容词/过去分词/名词+that”句型的主语从句中，主语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should有时可省略。 It is necessary that he （should） be sent there at once. 名词性从句中虚拟语气 注意：①用于本句型的常见形容词有necessary, important, right, surprising, vital, essential, urgent, natural, strange, desirable等。② 用于本句型的过去分词通常表示提 议、要求、命令、建议等，如suggested, decided, proposed, advised, recommended等。 ③ 用于本句型的常见名词（短语）有duty, pity, shame, regret, no surprise, no wonder 等。④ 本句型中的主语从句也可用陈述语气，如：It was important that he made a clear statement on this issue last week.。 03 2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气 （1）宾语从句在表示提议、要求、命令等动词后，其谓语动词用“should+动词原 形”表示虚拟，should可省略。常见的动词有insist, order, command, advise, suggest , propose, recommend, demand, require, request, urge等。 （2）wish后接that 引导的宾语从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的形式为： （3）would rather后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的形式为： The doctor suggested that he （should）not go there. 名词性从句中虚拟语气 时间 从句谓语动词形式 现在 过去式（be动词用were） 过去 had+过去分词 将来 would/could/might+动词原形 时间 从句谓语动词形式 现在 将来 过去式（be动词用were） 过去 had+过去分词 03 3.表语从句中的虚拟语气 句子主语是表示愿望、劝告、建议、主张、命令、决定等行为动词的同根名词时， 其表语从句常用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可省略。这类名词有 suggestion, proposal, request, advice, decision, requirement等。 4.同位语从句中的虚拟语气 当表示建议、提议、命令、要求等的名词作主语或宾语时，其同位语从句中的谓 语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。常见的这类名词有：demand, desire, proposal, request, suggestion等。 Our only request is that this （should） be settled as soon as possible. 名词性从句中虚拟语气 Anderson repeated his request that we （should） postpone the meeting. 04 1.虚拟语气用于as if/though 引导的表语从句或方式状语从句 2.虚拟语气用于if only引导的条件状语从句或感叹句 She looks as if/though she were ten years younger. 其他方面的虚拟语气 If only I had listened to my parents! 时间 从句谓语动词形式 现在 过去式（be动词用were） 过去 had+过去分词 将来 would/could/might+动词原形 时间 从句/感叹句谓语动词形式 现在 过去式（be动词用were） 过去 had+过去分词 将来 would/could/might+动词原形 注意：if only意为“但愿；要是……就好了”；only if意为“只有……（才）”。 04 3.在“It is （high/about/the very） time+（that）从句”中，从句中的谓语动词通 常用过去式表示虚拟，意为“是时候该干某事了”。 4.用于现在时的疑问句中征求对方意见，表示谦虚、客气、礼貌或委婉的语气。 5.情态动词+have+done 表达“本该做”的意思。 should （not）/ought （not） to+have+done 本来（不）应该做某事 could+have+done 本来能够做某事（但是没有做） might+have+done 本来可能做某事（但是没有做） needn't+have+done 本来不必做某事（但做了） 6.其他一些习惯表达： Would you like/love to do ...？ I'd rather do ... You'd better do ... It is time the children went to bed. 其他方面的虚拟语气 Could you lend me a hand? — Yes, I can. 1.【2025年北京卷】Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ____________ easily reach the books on the top shelf. 2.【2025年北京卷】I love the weekend, because I ____________ not get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. 3.【2025年四川卷】You ____________ be careful with the camera. It costs! 4.【2025年全国卷】“The players’ personalities__________________(reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,”she adds. 05 高考真题 can need must are revealed 5.【2025年天津卷】—Daddy, I dream to have an iPhone 6 plus for my birthday. —Well, honey, you ________ have one, I promise. A．must B．should C．shall D．might 6.【2024年江苏卷】What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _______ a good time together. A. had B. will have C. would have had D. had had 7.【2024年江苏卷】It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A. would B. should C. could D. might 05 高考真题 C C B 8.【2024年江苏卷】There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _______ a second chance to become more involved. A. had B. will have C. would have had D. have had 9.【2024年天津卷】The workers were not better organized, otherwise they _______ the task in half the time. A. accomplished B. had accomplished C. would accomplish D. would have accomplished 10.【2024年天津卷】Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans 65______ (retire).I can’t find my purse. I _______ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure. A. should leave B. must have left C. might leave D. could have left 05 高考真题 A D D 1.【2025·天津市滨海新区塘沽第一中学高三上月考】—Daddy, I dream to have an iPhone 6 plus for my birthday. —Well, honey, you ________ have one, I promise. A．must B．should C．shall D．might 2.【2025·天津市滨海新区大港第一中学高三期中】— No wonder you caught a cold. You ______ out last night without a coat. — I know how silly I was. A．shouldn’t have gone B．mustn’t have gone C．couldn’t have gone D．needn’t have gone 3.【2025·天津市滨海新区田家炳中学高三期中】According to the school rules, no student ______ go out of the school after eleven o’clock at night without the teacher’s permission. A．will B．shall C．must D．should 06 最新试题 C A B 4.【2025·天津市河北区高三期中】No matter when we were in trouble, he _________ always be the first to offer to help. A．might B．could C．should D．would 5.【2025·天津市部分区高三上期中】There are many requirements that ________ be met before a sport can be considered by the international Olympic Committee (IOC). A．need B．can C．must D．will 6.【2025·天津市第一中学高三月考】— Did Jim come — I don’t know. He _________ while I was out. A．might have come B．couldn’t have come C．should have come D．needn’t have come 06 最新试题 D C A 谢谢观看 $