精品解析：湖北省武汉市硚口区武汉市第一职业教育中心2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试中职英语试题

2024-2025学年度上学期23级技能高考班 《英语》期中试题 本试卷满分100分。考试时间60分钟。 考生作答时，须将答案写在答题卡上，在本试卷和草稿纸上答题均无效。 一、单项选择(每题2分，共70分) 1. Don’t climb too high, or you ________ in danger. A. will be B. are C. would be D. is going to be 2. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be 3. When autumn comes, the leaves ________ fall. A. are going to B. will C. shall D. would 4. The train ________ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arriving C. is going to arrive D. is arriving 5. This museum ________ here for over 80 years. It ________ one of the oldest buildings in this city. A. is, was B. had been, is C. was, has been D. has been, is 6. I don’t feel very well, Jack. I’m afraid you ________ me your cold. A. give B. had given C. have given D. would give 7. I________ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be 8. Xu Xiake recorded what he ________ with his own eyes and ears. A. see and hear B. saw and heard C. seeing and hearing D. saw and hear 9. ________ they ________a basketball game at four yesterday afternoon? A. Were, having B. Are, having C. Do, have D. Did, have 10. Lily was dancing while Jim ________ the piano. A. played B. was playing C. were playing D. plays 11. She told me that Wang Tao’s father ________ his car at that time. A. was washing B. had washed C. washed D. is washing 12. He ________ some pieces of advice, but he ________ to them. A. gave, didn’t listen B. was given, wasn’t listened C. give, wasn’t listened D. was given, didn’t listen 13. She was heard ________ an English song. A. to sing B. sing C. sang D. to be sang 14. Nobody likes ________. A. laughed at B. laughing at C. being laughed at D. being laughed 15. Annie ________ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us. A. invites B. is invited C. was invited D. has invited 16. Tom ________ write his name at the age of three. A. can B. may C. was able to D. had to 17. Yesterday it rained heavily when school was over. We ________ stay in our classroom. A. should B. must C. had to D. could 18. You had better ________ late next time. A. not be B. not to be C. being not D. to be not 19. You ________ worry about it because it’s not your fault. A. needn’t B. may not C. can’t D. mustn’t 20. Harry’s been driving all day — he ________ be tired. A. need B. can C. shall D. must 21. ________ when you cross streets. A. Being careful B. Be careful C. To be careful D. Be carefully 22. The running water makes the stones ________ very smooth. A. sound B. taste C. smell D. feel 23. Mary ________ famous ________ a singer when she was in her twenties. A. was, as B. is, for C. was, for D. is, for 24. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ________. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 25. I’m hungry. I want to eat ________. ________ can do. A. something, Something B. anything, Anything C. something, Anything D. anything, Something 26. There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 27. I tried two bookshops for the dictionary I wanted, but _____ of them had it. A. either B. both C. neither D. none 28. The red hat ________ belong to Sara. She bought a red hat yesterday. A. may B. must C. can’t D. could 29. Life is changeable. No one knows what ________ happen in the future. A. should B. need C. have to D. might 30. Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy. They ________ just be quiet people. A. may B. should C. need D. would 31. Now most young people like shopping online because they ________ spend a lot of time going from shop to shop. A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 32. When a virus comes into our body, we get ill. The same thing ________ also happen to a computer. A. should B. need C. must D. can 33. Don’t forget to put the book back to the shelf ________? A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you 34. Could you tell me ________ a moment ago? A. what were they talking about B. what are they talking about C. what they were talking about D. what they are talking about. 35. I ________ you last night but no one answered the phone. A. called B. call C. was calling D. have called 二、阅读理解(每题2分，共30分) A Li Shizhen (李时珍) was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. Both of Li Shizhen’s father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (药草) and medications and cured (治愈) people. His father was doctor who wrote several books. Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics (从政). Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country-level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial (帝国的) examination. When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court (宫廷). A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute. Even though he fulfilled his father’s dream, he didn’t want to continue working for the court. One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again. Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》 ). He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book was officially published. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China. 36. What was Li Shizhe’s grandfather? A. An official. B. A prince. C. A country doctor. D. A writer. 37. What did Li Shizhen’s father want Li Shizhen to do? A. To be a doctor. B. To write a book. C. To be a prince. D. To enter politics. 38. When he was 38, Li Shizhen cured ________. A. his grandfather B. the son of the Prince of Chu C. an official in that country D. a famous doctor 39. According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for? A. Working for the court. B. The book, Compendium of Materia Medica. C. His long traveling. D. Curing a lot of people. 40. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Li Shizhen’s life. B. Li Shizhen’s grandfather’s life. C. Li Shizhen’s father’s life. D. Li Shizhen’s book. B In the state of Qin (秦国), there was a man called Shang Yang (商鞅). He was a statesman (政治家) and worked out many reforms (改革) for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards (报酬) to soldiers who were successful when at war. But these reforms were not easily carried out (执行) at first. Most people didn’t trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem, Shang Yang came up with an idea. He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole. Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, “The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces.” It was a simple job and the reward was so large. However, some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought Shang Yang was making a joke. Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, “The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.” This reward was unbelievably large. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces. After that, the people of Qin were all talking about what Shang Yang did about the pole. They believed he was a man of his word. So when Shang Yang began carrying out his reforms, the people followed him. Under these great reforms Qin grew stronger and stronger. At last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire (帝国). 41. What did Shang Yang do? A. A statesman. B. A king. C. An emperor. D. A soldier. 42. In order to carry out his reforms, what idea did Shang Yang have? A. Having a wooden pole carrying competition. B. Having a wooden pole cutting competition. C. The man stepping forward first would be praised. D. The man carrying the pole from south gate to the north one would get some gold pieces. 43. Why did Shang Yang’s reward increase at last? A Because a man stepped forward. B. Because there wasn’t enough time. C. Because Shang Yang heard no answer. D. Because Shang Yang was happy. 44. “They believed he was a man of his word.” What does the underlined part mean? A. A man who can speak loudly. B. A man who likes to speak a lot. C. A man who keeps his word. D. A man of few words. 45. After these great reforms, what happened in the history of China? A. Shang Yang became the first emperor. B. The first empire of China appeared. C. The south gate fell down. D. The state of Qin became weaker and weaker. C Are you carrying too much on your back at school? You’re not alone. Back experts in the United States are worried that young students are having back and neck problems as a result of carrying too much in their backpacks (schoolbags). “It hurts my back when I run,” said Oberlin Reyes, a student in Virginia. “It’s hard to get up the stairs with my backpack, because it’s too heavy.” Oberlin is among students whose backpacks were weighed for a week in a recent study. They had regular backpacks with two straps to carry them, but a number of students with heavy loads had switched to rolling backpacks (which have wheels and can roll on the ground). Shirley Park, whose backpack weighed 10 kilograms, said she changed to a rolling backpack because she was starting to have back pain. How much is too much? Experts say students should carry no more than 10 to 15 percent of their own body weight. A few students had one suggestion to lighten the load: less homework. P. S. Doctor’s suggestions: ①Lighten the load. Clean out binders and take home only the books you need that night. ②Wide straps are better. They send out the weight over your shoulders more evenly. And be sure to wear both straps rather than hanging the pack over one shoulder. ③Pack smart The heavier things should be packed closed to the back. ④Bend both knees when you pick up the pack, and don’t just bend over at the waist. 46. “________” is the main idea of the text. A. The problem of backpacks is worth studying B. The problem made by heavy backpacks C. What is the best backpack for a student D. How to make students’ backpacks light 47. According to Oberlin Reyes and Shirley Park, we know ________. A. students have to carry heavy backpacks B. students have to do too much homework C. backpacks without wheels are bad for students D. too much homework leaves students no free time 48 The expression “switched to” in the text perhaps means ________. A. started to use B. turned to C. caught up D. used for 49. According to the passage, it’s better for a student of 40 kilograms to carry a backpack of ________ at most by the words of experts. A. 6 kilograms B. 7 kilograms C. 8 kilograms D. 10 kilograms 50. If students follow the doctor’s suggestions, they ________. A. may lighten their backpacks B. can learn how to help themselves C. may feel their backpacks are lighter D. will know how to wear backpacks 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年度上学期23级技能高考班 《英语》期中试题 本试卷满分100分。考试时间60分钟。 考生作答时，须将答案写在答题卡上，在本试卷和草稿纸上答题均无效。 一、单项选择(每题2分，共70分) 1. Don’t climb too high, or you ________ in danger. A. will be B. are C. would be D. is going to be 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：不要爬得太高，否则你会有危险的。分析句子结构可知，该句是“祈使句+or+陈述句”句型，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，“or”后面的陈述句需要用一般将来时，主语是“you”，使用“be going to do”结构的话，“be”动词应用“are”。故选A。 2. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查there be句型和一般将来时。句意：明天动物园将有一场海豚表演。根据时间状语tomorrow“明天”可知，此处应用一般将来时；there be结构，意为“有”，其将来时态结构为there will be或there is/are going to be。故选D。 3. When autumn comes, the leaves ________ fall. A. are going to B. will C. shall D. would 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：当秋天来临，树叶将会掉落。A. are going to将要（表示按计划的意图或打算）；B. will将要（表示客观上将来势必发生的事情）；C. shall应当（用于意愿或承诺）；D. would将要（通常用于假设或过去习惯）。在这句话中，描述的是一种自然现象，即树叶在秋天会落下，因此应该使用“will”。故选B项。 4. The train ________ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arriving C. is going to arrive D. is arriving 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：火车将在11点到达。在英语中，“arrive”是一种位移动词，通常使用现在进行时来表示固定时间表或日程安排的情况下即将发生的动作。故选D项。 5. This museum ________ here for over 80 years. It ________ one of the oldest buildings in this city. A. is, was B. had been, is C. was, has been D. has been, is 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时和一般现在时。句意：这个博物馆已经在这里存在了超过80年，它是这个城市最古老的建筑之一。根据题目中的“for over 80 years”，我们可以知道第一个空应该使用现在完成时，即“has been”。而第二句是描述现在的客观事实，我们应该使用一般现在时，由于主语是“it”，所以be动词应该使用“is”。故选D项。 6. I don’t feel very well, Jack. I’m afraid you ________ me your cold. A. give B. had given C. have given D. would give 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：我感觉不太舒服，杰克。恐怕你把感冒传染给我了。分析句意可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，要用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选C。 7. I________ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old. A. will be B. was C. have been D. would be 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：自从我五岁的时候被一只狗咬了以后，我就一直害怕狗。在英语中，“ever since”后面通常跟的是一般过去时态的句子，而主句通常用现在完成时（have/has+动词过去分词），故空处用“have been”。故选C项。 8. Xu Xiake recorded what he ________ with his own eyes and ears. A. see and hear B. saw and heard C. seeing and hearing D. saw and hear 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：徐霞客用自己的双眼和双耳记录下了他的所见所闻。分析句子可知，本句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句，主句为一般过去时，从句也应用过去的时态；此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时；动词see，意为“看”，其过去式为saw，动词hear，意为“听”，其过去式为heard。故选B。 9. ________ they ________a basketball game at four yesterday afternoon? A. Were, having B. Are, having C. Do, have D. Did, have 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：昨天下午四点他们正在进行篮球赛吗？根据时间状语“at four yesterday afternoon”可知，这里表示过去某一时间正在发生正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，过去进行时的结构是“was/were + 现在分词”。故选A项。 10. Lily was dancing while Jim ________ the piano. A. played B. was playing C. were playing D. plays 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查过去进行时和主谓一致。句意：丽丽在跳舞而吉姆在弹钢琴。分析句子可知，本句中while“当……时”引导时间状语从句，表示主句和从句的动作同时发生，且两个动作都具有的延续性，主句为过去进行时（was/were+doing），从句也用过去进行时（was/were+doing），从句主语为单数，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故选B。 11 She told me that Wang Tao’s father ________ his car at that time. A. was washing B. had washed C. washed D. is washing 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：她告诉我王涛的爸爸当时正在洗他的车。分析句子可知，这是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，主句为一般过去时，从句也应用过去的时态；根据时间状语at that time“在那时”可知，此处应用过去进行时，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，其结构为was/were doing。故选A。 12. He ________ some pieces of advice, but he ________ to them. A. gave, didn’t listen B. was given, wasn’t listened C. give, wasn’t listened D. was given, didn’t listen 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查过去时和被动语态。句意：他得到了一些建议，但他不听。第一空里动词“give”和主语“he”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态was given；第二空里动词“listen”和主语“he”之间是主动关系，且是过去时应填didn’t listen。故选D。 13. She was heard ________ an English song. A. to sing B. sing C. sang D. to be sang 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她被听到唱了一首英文歌。因为hear sb. do sth.意为：听到某人做某事。但当表示被动时，to要还原，即be heard to do sth. 意为：被听到做某事。所以to sing。故选A。 14. Nobody likes ________. A. laughed at B. laughing at C. being laughed at D. being laughed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：没有人喜欢被嘲笑。动词短语“like doing sth.”意为“喜欢做某事”，“laugh at”意为“嘲笑”，根据句意可知，没有人喜欢被嘲笑，应使用动名词的一般被动式“being done”结构，动词短语后的介词不能省略。故选C。 15. Annie ________ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us. A. invites B. is invited C. was invited D. has invited 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：安妮被邀请参加了聚会，她和我们度过了愉快的时光。根据题目中的“had a wonderful time”，我们可以推断出空格处应该使用一般过去时；另外，由于安妮是被邀请参加聚会的，所以应该使用被动语态，其结构是“be动词+动词的过去分词”。故选C项。 16. Tom ________ write his name at the age of three. A. can B. may C. was able to D. had to 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：汤姆三岁的时候就能写他的名字了。因为“at the age of three (三岁的时候)”为过去的时间，汤姆能够写出自己的名字强调的是过去的能力，所以用一般过去时was able to。故选C。 17. Yesterday it rained heavily when school was over. We ________ stay in our classroom. A. should B. must C. had to D. could 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：昨天放学时，雨下得很大，我们不得不待在教室里。A. should应该（主观认为）；B. must必须（主观要求）；C. had to必须（客观要求）；D. could可以（表能力）。根据“Yesterday it rained heavily when school was over.”可知，雨下得很大，这是一个客观的要求，因此我们需要使用表示客观要求的情态动词“had to”。故选C项。 18. You had better ________ late next time. A. not be B. not to be C. being not D. to be not 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查“had better”的用法。句意：你下次最好不要迟到。“had better do sth.”意为“最好做某事”，“had better not do sth.”意为“最好不要做某事”，late为形容词，其前需要加be动词，构成习惯表达方式be late。故选A项。 19. You ________ worry about it because it’s not your fault. A. needn’t B. may not C. can’t D. mustn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不必担心，因为这不是你的错。A. needn’t不必，不需要；B. may not可能不；C. can’t不能；D. mustn’t禁止。根据“it’s not your fault”可知，说话人安慰对方不必担心。故选A。 20. Harry’s been driving all day — he ________ be tired. A. need B. can C. shall D. must 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：哈利开了一整天的车，他一定很累了。A. need需要；B. can可以；C. shall应该；D. must一定。 前面说Harry已经开车一天了，后面说他一定很累。这里的must是表示肯定的猜测。故选D项。 21. ________ when you cross streets. A. Being careful B. Be careful C. To be careful D. Be carefully 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：你过马路的时候要小心。“when you cross streets”为时间状语从句，故空处为主句部分，结合选项可知，空处为祈使句，祈使句通常用来表达命令、请求、建议等，其结构一般是以动词原形开头，没有主语。故选B。 22. The running water makes the stones ________ very smooth. A. sound B. taste C. smell D. feel 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：流水使石头摸起来很光滑。A. sound听起来好像；B. taste尝起来；C. smell闻出；D. feel摸起来。因为石头是摸起来光滑，这是一种触觉感受。故选D。 23. Mary ________ famous ________ a singer when she was in her twenties. A. was, as B. is, for C. was, for D. is, for 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和介词辨析用法。句意：她二十多岁的时候作为一名歌手而出名。be famous as作为……而出名；be famous for因……而闻名。根据“a singer (歌手)”可知，此处是“作为歌手而出名”，故用介词as；根据“when she was in her twenties”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以用“was”。故选A项。 24. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ________. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我同意你说的大部分，但我不同意每一件事。A. everything每件事情；B. anything任何事情；C. something某事；D. nothing没有什么。根据“I agree with most of what you said, but ...”可推测出，是同意大部分，但不是所有。故选A。 25. I’m hungry. I want to eat ________. ________ can do. A. something, Something B. anything, Anything C. something, Anything D. anything, Something 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查复合不定代词。句意：我饿了。我想吃点东西。任何东西都可以。something常用于肯定句中表示“一些东西”，anything用于肯定句中表示“任何东西”。根据“I want to eat ... (我想吃……)”可知，是肯定句，第一个空应是指“一些东西”，应用“something”；根据“... can do (……可以)”可知，是肯定句，第二个空应是指“任何东西”，应用“Anything”。故选C。 26. There is ________ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我的背有问题，它疼得厉害。A. anything任何事物；B. something某事；C. nothing没有什么；D. everything每件事物。根据“it hurts seriously”可知，我的后背有点毛病，故用something。故选B。 27. I tried two bookshops for the dictionary I wanted, but _____ of them had it. A. either B. both C. neither D. none 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：我去了两家书店找我想要的那本字典，但这两家书店都没有。A. either两者中的任何一个；B. both两者都；C. neither两者都不；D. none没有人。根据“I tried two bookshops for the dictionary I wanted”可知，我去了两家书店找我想要的那本字典。由此可知，空处表示“两家都没有”，应用neither。故选C。 28. The red hat ________ belong to Sara. She bought a red hat yesterday. A. may B. must C. can’t D. could 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：红帽子一定是萨拉的，她昨天买了一顶红帽子。A. may可能；B. must一定；C. can’t不可能；D. could可能。根据“She bought a red hat yesterday.”，我们可以推断出那顶红帽子一定是萨拉的。因此，我们需要选择表示肯定推测的“must”。故选B项。 29. Life is changeable. No one knows what ________ happen in the future. A. should B. need C. have to D. might 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词的使用。句意：生活是多变的，没有人知道将来会发生什么。A. should应该；B. need需要；C. have to不得不；D. might可能。根据题目中的“changeable”和“in the future”，我们可以推断出这里是在表达对生活多变的一种感慨，因此需要用“might”来表示可能性。故选D项。 30. Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy. They ________ just be quiet people. A. may B. should C. need D. would 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词的使用。句意：有些不喜欢多说话的人并不一定是害羞的。他们可能只是喜欢安静的人。A. may可能；B. should应该；C. need需要；D. would过去常常。根据“Some people who don’t like to talk much are not necessarily shy.”可知，后句是推测其可能性，表示“可能只是喜欢安静”，所以应该选择A选项“may”。故选A项。 31. Now most young people like shopping online because they ________ spend a lot of time going from shop to shop. A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词的使用。句意：现在大多数年轻人喜欢网购，因为他们不需要花费大量时间一家店一家店地转。A. can’t不能；B. needn’t不必；C. mustn’t禁止；D. shouldn’t不应该。结合题目的语境可知，句子表示喜欢网购是因为“不必”花时间一家店一家店地转。故选B项。 32. When a virus comes into our body we get ill. The same thing ________ also happen to a computer. A. should B. need C. must D. can 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：当病毒进入我们的身体时，我们就会生病。同样的情况也会发生在电脑上。A. should应该；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. can会。根据句意可知，当病毒进入电脑，电脑也会发生毛病。故选D。 33. Don’t forget to put the book back to the shelf, ________? A. do you B. don’t you C. will you D. won’t you 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：别忘了把书放回书架上，好吗？根据“Don’t forget to put the book back to the shelf”可知，该句为否定祈使句，其反意疑问部分需要用will you。故选C。 34. Could you tell me ________ a moment ago? A. what were they talking about B. what are they talking about C what they were talking about D. what they are talking about. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你能告诉我他们刚才在谈什么吗？分析句子结构可知，设空处是宾语从句，应使用陈述语序，也就是主语在前，谓语在后，由时间状语“a moment ago”可知，应使用过去时，所以是what they were talking about。故选C。 35. I ________ you last night but no one answered the phone. A. called B. call C. was calling D. have called 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：昨天晚上我给你打电话了但是没人接。因为“last night”意为：昨天晚上，是表示过去时间的时间状语，故谓语动词也应用过去式。“call”的过去式为“called”。故选A。 二、阅读理解(每题2分，共30分) A Li Shizhen (李时珍) was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. Both of Li Shizhen’s father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (药草) and medications and cured (治愈) people. His father was doctor who wrote several books. Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics (从政). Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country-level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial (帝国的) examination. When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court (宫廷). A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute. Even though he fulfilled his father’s dream, he didn’t want to continue working for the court. One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again. Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》 ). He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book was officially published. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China. 36. What was Li Shizhe’s grandfather? A. An official. B. A prince. C. A country doctor. D. A writer. 37. What did Li Shizhen’s father want Li Shizhen to do? A. To be a doctor. B. To write a book. C. To be a prince. D. To enter politics. 38. When he was 38, Li Shizhen cured ________. A. his grandfather B. the son of the Prince of Chu C. an official in that country D. a famous doctor 39. According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for? A. Working for the court. B. The book, Compendium of Materia Medica. C. His long traveling. D. Curing a lot of people. 40. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Li Shizhen’s life. B. Li Shizhen’s grandfather’s life. C. Li Shizhen’s father’s life. D. Li Shizhen’s book. 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. B 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了中国著名医学家李时珍的生平故事。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“ Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (药草) and medications and cured (治愈) people. (李时珍的祖父是一位乡村医生，他带着一袋草药和药物到农村行走，给人们治病。)”可知，李时珍的祖父是乡村医生。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics (从政). (李时珍的父亲想让他从政。)”可知，李时珍的父亲希望李时珍从政。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu (38岁时，他治愈了楚王的儿子)”，可知38岁时李时珍治愈了楚王的儿子。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》) (李时珍以其著作《本草纲目》而闻名)”可知，李时珍以其著作《本草纲目》而闻名。故选B。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“Li Shizhen  was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. (李时珍是中国历史上最著名的医生之一。)”可知，本文主要讲了李时珍的生平。故选A。 B In the state of Qin (秦国), there was a man called Shang Yang (商鞅). He was a statesman (政治家) and worked out many reforms (改革) for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards (报酬) to soldiers who were successful when at war. But these reforms were not easily carried out (执行) at first. Most people didn’t trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem, Shang Yang came up with an idea. He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and the pole. Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, “The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces.” It was a simple job and the reward was so large. However, some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought Shang Yang was making a joke. Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, “The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.” This reward was unbelievably large. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward. He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces. After that, the people of Qin were all talking about what Shang Yang did about the pole. They believed he was a man of his word. So when Shang Yang began carrying out his reforms, the people followed him. Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. At last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire (帝国). 41. What did Shang Yang do? A. A statesman. B. A king. C. An emperor. D. A soldier. 42. In order to carry out his reforms, what idea did Shang Yang have? A. Having a wooden pole carrying competition. B. Having a wooden pole cutting competition. C. The man stepping forward first would be praised. D. The man carrying the pole from south gate to the north one would get some gold pieces. 43. Why did Shang Yang’s reward increase at last? A. Because a man stepped forward. B. Because there wasn’t enough time. C. Because Shang Yang heard no answer. D. Because Shang Yang was happy. 44. “They believed he was a man of his word.” What does the underlined part mean? A. A man who can speak loudly. B. A man who likes to speak a lot. C. A man who keeps his word. D. A man of few words. 45. After these great reforms, what happened in the history of China? A. Shang Yang became the first emperor. B. The first empire of China appeared. C. The south gate fell down. D. The state of Qin became weaker and weaker. 【答案】41. A 42. D 43. C 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了商鞅实行改革的过程和影响。商鞅作为秦国的一位政治家，为秦国制定了许多改革的方案。经过这些伟大的改革后，秦国变得越来越强大。最后，秦始皇把七个国家统一成了一个帝国。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“He was a statesman (他是一位政治家)”可知，商鞅是一位政治家。故选A。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“But these reforms were not easily carried out (执行) at first. Most people didn’t trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem, Shang Yang came up with an idea. He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. (但这些改革起初并不容易实施。大多数人不信任商鞅。为了解决这个问题，商鞅想出了一个办法。他在秦都南门放了一根细木杆。)”和第三段中“The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces. (把这根木杆拿到北门的人可以得到10枚金币。)”可知，商鞅为了实施他的改革，他的办法是让人把木杆从南门拿到北门并给予一些金币作为奖励。故选D。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Hearing no answer, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, ‘The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.’ (商鞅见没有人回答，走上前说：‘现在赏五十金。’)”可知，商鞅增加奖励是因为没有人回应。故选C。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段可知，有人把木杆从南门拿到北门后商鞅真的给了奖励，在那之后，秦的人们都在谈论谈论这件事情，并且开始追随商鞅进行改革， 由此推测，人们相信商鞅是信守诺言的。故选C。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. At last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire (帝国). (在这些伟大的改革下，秦国变得越来越强大。最后，秦国把这七个国家统一为一个帝国。)”可知，经过一系列改革后，中国的第一个帝国出现了。故选B。 C Are you carrying too much on your back at school? You’re not alone. Back experts in the United States are worried that young students are having back and neck problems as a result of carrying too much in their backpacks (schoolbags). “It hurts my back when I run” said Oberlin Reyes, a student in Virginia. “It’s hard to get up the stairs with my backpack, because it’s too heavy.” Oberlin is among students whose backpacks were weighed for a week in a recent study. They had regular backpacks with two straps to carry them, but a number of students with heavy loads had switched to rolling backpacks (which have wheels and can roll on the ground). Shirley Park, whose backpack weighed 10 kilograms, said she changed to a rolling backpack because she was starting to have back pain. How much is too much? Experts say students should carry no more than 10 to 15 percent of their own body weight. A few students had one suggestion to lighten the load: less homework. P. S. Doctor’s suggestions: ①Lighten the load. Clean out binders and take home only the books you need that night. ②Wide straps are better. They send out the weight over your shoulders more evenly. And be sure to wear both straps rather than hanging the pack over one shoulder. ③Pack smart. The heavier things should be packed closed to the back. ④Bend both knees when you pick up the pack, and don’t just bend over at the waist. 46. “________” is the main idea of the text. A. The problem of backpacks is worth studying B. The problem made by heavy backpacks C. What is the best backpack for a student D. How to make students’ backpacks light 47. According to Oberlin Reyes and Shirley Park, we know ________. A. students have to carry heavy backpacks B. students have to do too much homework C. backpacks without wheels are bad for students D. too much homework leaves students no free time 48. The expression “switched to” in the text perhaps means ________. A. started to use B. turned to C. caught up D. used for 49. According to the passage, it’s better for a student of 40 kilograms to carry a backpack of ________ at most by the words of experts. A. 6 kilograms B. 7 kilograms C. 8 kilograms D. 10 kilograms 50. If students follow the doctor’s suggestions, they ________. A. may lighten their backpacks B. can learn how to help themselves C. may feel their backpacks are lighter D. will know how to wear backpacks 【答案】46. D 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了当今的孩子书包太重，太重的书包对孩子的成长有害，医生就不同类型的孩子应该携带多重的书包提出了建议。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了当今的孩子书包太重，太重的书包对孩子的成长有害，医生就不同类型的孩子应该携带多重的书包提出了建议，所以全文主要围绕着如何让学生的书包变轻开展的。故选D。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““It hurts my back when I run,” said Oberlin Reyes, a student in Virginia. (“跑步时我的背部很痛，”弗吉尼亚州的学生奥柏林·雷耶斯。) ”以及“Shirley Park, whose backpack weighed 10 kilograms, said she changed to a rolling backpack because she was starting to have back pain. (雪莉·帕克的背包重10公斤，她说她因为开始感到背痛而换了滚动背包。)”以及第四段“A few students had one suggestion to lighten the load: less homework. (一些学生提出了一个减轻负担的建议：少做作业。)”可知，学生的书包太重，是因为他们有太多作业要做。故选B。 【48题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“They had regular backpacks with two straps to carry them, but a number of students with heavy loads had switched to rolling backpacks (which have wheels and can roll on the ground). (他们使用的是带有两条带子的普通背包，但一些负重的学生改用滚动背包（有轮子，可以在地面上滚动）。)”可知，他们原本背普通的双肩书包，但很多背着很重书包的学生已经“切换到”使用有轮子能在地上滚动的书包了，也就是开始使用的意思，所以“switched to”等同于“started to use”。答案是A。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“How much is too much? Experts say students should carry no more than 10 to 15 percent of their own body weight. (多少算太多？专家表示，学生携带的重量不应超过自身体重的10%至15%。)”可知，专家说学生携带的书包重量不应超过自身体重的10%到15%，一个40千克的学生，最重按15%计算，40×15% = 6千克，所以最多携带6千克的书包。故选A。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后医生提到的建议“Lighten the load. Wide straps are better. Pack smart. Bend both knees when you pick up the pack, and don’t just bend over at the waist. (减轻负担。宽肩带更好。合理装包。拿起背包时要弯曲双膝，不要只弯腰。)”可知，医生给出了减轻书包重量、选择宽肩带、合理装包、正确拿包等一系列建议，遵循这些建议，学生们可能会感觉他们的书包变轻了，因为这些建议都是围绕着如何让背书包的过程更舒适、减轻负担等方面的。故选C。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $