必修三-高中英语跟着课文学语法(冀教版必修+选必修)

2025-10-07
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语冀教版必修第三册
年级 高一
章节 -
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
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文件大小 1.44 MB
发布时间 2025-10-07
更新时间 2025-10-07
作者 太原四季文化图书有限公司
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审核时间 2025-10-07
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Unit 2 Managing your time 动词-ed形式 一、动词-ed形式 动词-d形式,即动词的过去分词形式,在英语中具有多种用法,主要包括形容词用法、被动语态和完成 时态等方面。 1.作形容词 说明人或事物的特征或状态:过去分词作形容词时,通常用来描述人或事物的感受、情绪或所处的状 态,强调被动或完成的意义。如: The excited children were opening their Christmas presents.兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。 (“excited”表示孩子们处于兴奋的状态,是“感到兴奋的”。) Newere alltired after along day ofwork.经过漫长的一天工作,我们都很累。 (“tired”描述“我们”的状态是“感到疲惫的”。) 2.作前置定语 单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰的名词之前。如: I bought aused car yesterday.我昨天买了一辆二手车。 (“used”表示“被使用过的”,修饰“car”。) The broken window needs to be repaired.破碎的窗户需要修理。 (“broken”表示“破碎的”,修饰“window”,表明窗户是已经被打破的状态。) 3.作后置定语 过去分词短语作定语时,通常放在被修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句。如: The bookwritten by Lu Xun isvery popular.鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。 (“written by Lu Xun”修饰“book”,相当于“which is written by Lu Xun”。) Theboy named Tom ismy classmate.那个名叫汤姆的男孩是我的同学。 (“named Tom”修饰“the boy”,相当于“who isnamed Tom”,) (观察试题) A study of 1.2 million photos 64(take)by cameras on drones over the Amazon rainforest from 2010 to 2019 hasrevealed that human activitiesareleadingto a sharp declineintree growth. 答案:taken。解析“photos”与“take”之间是被动关系,意为“被无人机上的相机拍摄的照片”,所以用 过去分词taken作后置定语,修饰“photos”。 4.用于被动语态 构成各种时态的被动语态:be+过去分词,根据不同的时态,be动词会有不同的形式变化。如: ①一般现在时的被动语态:Theroom is cleaned every day.房间每天都被打扫。 ②一般过去时的被动语态:Theletter waswritten yesterday.这封信是昨天写的。 ③现在完成时的被动语态:Thework hasbeen finished.工作已经完成了。 (观察试题) The Chinese government has also invested a lot to protect cultural 65(relic).Some cultural relics 66 (damage)inthe past years. 答案:relics解析have been damaged。第一空填relics,因为“cultural relic”是可数名词,这里用复数 58语法点精准定位课文 习事半功倍 形式表示一类事物。第二空,根据“in the past years”可知用现在完成时,“Some cultural relics”和 “damage”之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态have been damaged。 5.用于完成时态 构成现在完成时和过去完成时:have/has+过去分词(现在完成时);had+过去分词(过去完成时)。 ①现在完成时:Ihave seen thismovie before.我以前看过这部电影。 (“have seen”表示从过去到现在的经历,强调对现在的影响。) ②过去完成时:hen I got to the station,.thetrain had alreadyleft.(当我到达车站时,火车已经离开了。 (“hadleft”表示在“got to the station”这个过去动作之前就已经发生的动作,即“过去的过去”。) 二、动词-ed形式在语篇中的应用 The oldtown,surrounded by high mountains,hasa long history.Built hundreds of years ago,the ancient buildings are full of cultural value.Some of them,damaged by earthquakes,are being repaired carefully. Loved bytourists from all over the world,thetown has become a popular travel destination 这座被高山环绕的古镇历史悠久。这些古建筑建于几百年前,充满了文化价值。其中一些因地震受损 的建筑正在被精心修复。这座古镇受到世界各地游客的喜爱,已成为一个受欢迎的旅游目的地。 (观察试题) According to thepassage,which ofthe following statementsisTRUE? A.The oldtown is surrounded by rivers B.The ancient buildingswere built last year C.Allthe ancient buildings are in good condition. D.Thetown isloved bytourists. 答案:D解析:文中“Loved by tourists from all over the world,the town has become a popular travel destination.”表明这座古镇受到游客喜爱,D选项正确;A选项古镇被高山环绕,不是河流;B选项古建筑建 于几百年前,不是去年;C选项一些建筑因地震受损,并非都状况良好。 【总结】 理解过去分词作形容词时所表达的被动和完成的含义,注意区分它与现在分词作形容词的不同,现在 分词表示主动或正在进行的意义。 熟练掌握被动语态的各种时态构成,通过大量练习来准确运用不同时态的被动语态,注意区分主动语 态和被动语态在不同语境中的使用。 对于完成时态,要明确现在完成时和过去完成时所表达的时间概念和用法区别,重,点理解过去完成时 “过去的过去”这一概念。 跟着课文学语法 冀教版(必修+选必修)59 【单元练习】 1.语法填空 ①Thegirl (dress)inredismy sister. ② (see)from the top ofthe hill,the city looks more beautiful. ③The book (write)by Mo Yan isvery popular 4When I got home,I found the door (lock). ⑤Thefilm (show)last night wasvery interesting 2.单句改错 1 The exciting news madeus all excited.But the expression on his facelooked exciting,too 2 Seen from space,the earth looks like a blue ball.Seeing from the top of the building,we can see the whole city. 3 Thebook,writing by Lu Xun,isvery educational. 4 When l enteredtheroom,Ifound thewindow breaking 5 Theboynamed Tom,worked very hard and got good grades. 3.句子翻译 ①站在树下的那个女孩是我的表妹。 ②从远处看,这座山看起来像一只大象。 ③他发现他的钱包在公交车上被偷了。 ④昨晚播放的那部电影受到了年轻人的欢迎。 ⑤如果给我更多的机会,我会做得更好。 4.语篇填空 Last week,I visited a museum 1. (build)in the 19th century.The museum,2. (fill with many ancient artworks,attracted a large number of visitors.I was deeply impressed by the paintings 3. (create)by famous artists.While walking around,I saw a group of students 4.(lead)by a guide.Theywere listening carefullyto theintroduction 5.(give)bythe guide.Some ofthe artworks 6. (damage)in the past,but now they 7.(repair)and displayed again.It was really a wonderful experience.I hope more cultural relics 8. (protect)in the future so that we can enjoy the beauty of history. 60语法点精准定位课文 学习事半功倍 【答案】 1.语法填空 ①答案:dressed解析:“be dressedin”表示“穿着”,此处用过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰“The girl”,故填dressed。 ②答案:Seen解析:“the city”和“see”之间是被动关系,过去分词短语作状语,位于句首,所以填Seen。 ③答案:written解析:“The book'”和“write”是被动关系,“written by Mo Yan'”作后置定语修饰“book”,因此填written。 ④答案:locked解析:“find+宾语+宾语补足语”,“the door'”和“lock”是被动关系,用过去分词作宾补,所以填locked。 ⑤答案:shown解析:“The film”和“show'是被动关系,“shown lastnight'”作后置定语修饰“flm”,故填shown。. 2.单句改错 ①答案:第二个“exciting”改为“excited”解析:“expression'”表示“表情”,是与人有关的名词,要用“excited”修饰,表 示“感到惊讶的表情”,所以将第二个“exciting”改为“excited'”。 ②答案:第二个“Seeing'”改为“Seen”解析:“we”和“see”是被动关系,“we”是被看的对象,所以要用过去分词Seen 作状语,将第二个“Seeing'”改为“Seen”。 ③答案:“writing”改为“written”解析:“The book'”和“rite”是被动关系,要用过去分词written作后置定语,所以将 “writing'”改为"written”。 ④答案:“breaking”改为“broken”解析:“fnd+宾语+宾语补足语”,“the window”和“break”是被动关系,要用过去分 词broken作宾补,所以将“breaking”改为“broken”。 ⑤答案:“worked'改为“working'解析:“The boy named Tom”是句子的主语,“worked'不能直接作伴随状语,要用现 在分词working,表示主动关系,所以将“worked'”改为“working'”。 3.句子翻译 ①答案:The girl standing underthe tree is my cousin. 2答案:Seen from a distance,the mountain looks like an elephant, 3答案:He foundhiswallet stolen on the bus. ④答案:The film shown lastnightwas popular with young people. 5)答案:Given more chances,Iwill do better. 4.语篇填空 ①答案:buit解析:“a museum”和“build""是被动关系,“built in the19 th century''作后置定语修饰“museum”,所以填 built。 ②答案:fed解析:“The museum”和“l”是被动关系,“illed with many ancient artworks'”作后置定语修饰 “museum”,因此填fled。 ③答案:created解析:“the paintings”和“create”是被动关系,“created by famous artists”作后置定语修饰 “paintings”,所以填created。 ④答案:led解析:“a group ofstudents'”和“lead'是被动关系,“ledby a guide”作后置定语修饰“students”,故填led。 ⑤答案:given解析:“theintroduction”和“give”是被动关系,“given by the guide”作后置定语修饰“introduction”,所以 填given。 ⑥答案:had been damaged解析:根据“in the past'”可知,动作发生在过去的过去,且“Some of the artworks”和 “damage”是被动关系,所以用过去完成时的被动语态hadbeen damaged。 ⑦答案:have been repaired解析:根据“now'可知,强调对现在的影响,且“they”和“repair'”是被动关系,所以用现在 完成时的被动语态have been repaired。 ⑧答案:will be protected解析:根据“in the future'”可知,用一般将来时,“more cultural relics”和“protect”是被动关系, 所以填will be protected。 跟着课文学语法 翼教版(必修+选必修)61 Unit 5 Animals around us 省略 一、省略的意义 省略是避免重复、突出中心信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法手段。通常来说,只要不破坏结构或 引起歧义,能省略的地方就应省略。省略之后,不仅句子结构显得紧凑,而且句子意思更加明确。 二、简单句中的省略 在简单句中,为避免重复,常省略主语、谓语、宾语等成分。常见于祈使句、回答句以及上下文语境明确 的句子中。 1.祈使句省略主语: (You)Sit down,please..请坐o (You)Be quiet!安静! 2.回答句省略: 一Do you like coffee?你喜欢咖啡吗? 一Yes,Ido.(完整回答)→Yes,(Ido).(省略重复部分) 一Who can solve this problem?谁能解决这个问题? 一Tom(can).汤姆能。(省略谓语及宾语) 3.并列句中的省略: My sister likes music,and my brother(likes)sports. 我妹妹喜欢音乐,我弟弟喜欢运动。(省略后句中重复的谓语likes) (观察试题) -Will you go to the party tonight? -Yes,I A.will B.do C.am D.can 答案:A解析:回答一般将来时的一般疑问句,省略重复部分,完整回答是“Yes,I will go to the party tonight”,此处省略“go to the party tonight”,保留助动词will。 二、复合句中的省略 1.宾语从句中的省略 ①在宾语从句中,当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等,且主句主语是第一人称时,从 句的否定词常前移至主句,而从句可省略与上文相同的部分。 I dont think(that)he will come.我认为他不会来。(省略从句中的主语和部分谓语) ②由which,.when,where,how和why引导的宾语从句,可全部或部分省去,只保留引导词。 Please tell me when (you will come back). 请告诉我你什么时候回来。(省略从句中的主语和谓语)》 2.定语从句中的省略 在限制性定语从句中,关系代词that,which,who在从句中作宾语时可省略。 ⑤2语法点精准定位课文 学习事半功倍 The book(that/which)I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书很有趣。 (省略作宾语的关系代词) (观察试题) The man I talked with just now is my teacher. A.who B.whom C.which D.1 答案:D解析:先行词“the man”在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,关系代词可用who,whom或省略。 三、状语从句中的省略 当状语从句的主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语含有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词。常见于 时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中。 1.时间状语从句 hile(Iwas)walking in the park,.I met an dd friend.我在公园散步时,遇到了一位老朋友。 2.条件状语从句 If(itis)possible,I will hep you.如果可能的话,我会帮助你。 3.让步状语从句 AIthaugh(he was)tired,he still kept working.尽管很累,他仍然继续工作。 4.方式状语从句: She stood at the door as if(she was)waiting for someane.她站在门口,好像在等人。 (观察试题) in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home A.To wait B.Having waited C.Have waited D.Waited 答案:B解析:句子主语“Tom”与“wait”是主动关系,且“等待”这个动作发生在“意识到”之前,所以用现 在分词的完成式“"Having waited”,此处可视为“After Tom had waited in the queue for half an hour"的省略 形式。 四、虚拟语气中的省略 在虚拟条件句中,若含有had,were,should,可将if省略,同时把had,were,should提前,构成倒装结构。 If I were you,I would accept the offer.-Were I you,I would accept the offer. 如果我是你,我就接受这个提议。 If he had worked harder,he would have passed the exam. 一Had he worked harder,he woul d have passed the exam.如果他更努力学习,他就会通过考试了。 (观察试题) it rain tomorrow,we would have to cancel the football match. A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Could 答案:B解析:此句是对将来情况的虚拟,原句为“If it should rain tomorrow..”,省略if后,将should提 前o 五、动词不定式的省略 1.有些动词(词组),如want,wish,expect,hope,would like,try,forget等后面的动词不定式做宾语时,为了 跟着课文学语法 冀教版(必修+选必修)63 避免重复,动词不定式符号to后面的内容常常被省略。如: Please came to my house if you want to(come to my house)).如果你想来(我家)的话,请来我家吧。 You can do it thisway if you liketo(doit).如果你想做,你可以这么做。 The child wanted toplay in the street but his mdther asked him ndt to(play in the street). 那个孩子想在街上玩耍,但他妈妈叫他不要。 2.两个或两个以上的动词不定式并列时,第一个带t和,后面的省o;但如果两个动词不定式表示对比关系, 则to不可省略。如: They managed to overcome al the difficulties and(to)finish thetask in time. 他们设法克服一切困难并及时完成任务。 |'d liketo lie down and(to)go to seep.我想躺下睡觉了。 Vill you goto see the film or(to)dance?你要去看电影还是去跳舞? It is easier to say than to do.说起来容易,做起来难。 3.感官动词(词组)see,look a,hear,listen to,notice,wtch等和使役动词make,It,have等后面做宾补的动 词不定式要省略to,但此类动词的被动语态中的to不可省略。如: I heard him go down the stairs.我听见他下楼了。 I saw atall man enter your office..我看见一个高个子男人进了你的办公室。 Le me have andther cup of tea.给我再来一杯茶。 4.在某些句式中,如果介词but前有实义动词do的任何形式,后面的动词不定式要省略to。如: Ve can do ndthing but wait..除了等我们别无他法。 He has ndthing to do but seep.他没什么可做的,只能睡觉。 All he could do was nothing but wait and see.他所能做的只有等着瞧。 【注意】 当省略的动词不定式内含有做助动词用的have或be的任何形式时,to后要保留原形have或be。如: He didn't come,but he should have(come).他没来,但他本应该来。 一Are you a farmer??你是个农民吗? 一No,but I used to be(a farmer).不是,但我过去是。 although引导的让步状语从句不倒装;though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装,也可以不倒装 六、介词的省略 1.一些与名词、动词或形容词一起搭配的介词常常省略,而保留其后的动名词。常见的结构有: prevent stop sb.(from)doing sth. spend some time(in)daing sth. be busy (in)dang sth. have difficulty trouble(in)doing sth. If I can stop them(fram)gai ng there,'I川doit.要是我能够阻止他们去那里,我会这样做的g The heavy rain prevented him(from)arriving there on time.大雨阻止他准时到达那里。 She los过t notime(in)giving thepatient first aid.她立即给病人急救。 He'd have difficulty in learning any language-Greek,Chinese,ar whatever. 他学习任何语言都会遇到困难,不论是希腊语、汉语或是其他语。 2.表示时间的介词on,at和in,在net,lat,this,these,yesterday,tomorrow,one,any,every,each,some等词 之前,通常省略。如: 64语法点精准定位课文 学习事半功倍 Ve go to school every day except Sundays..除星期天之外,我们每天都上学。 I'arrive(an)Friday.我将星期五到。 We have been here(for)three weeks.我们已经在这里三周了。 七、省略在语篇中的应用 When (we were)planning our trip,we considered many places.Some(places)were too far,while others(places) were too expensive.Finally,we chose a small town near the sea.Although (it was)not very famous,it had beautiful beaches.When (we were)there,we enjoyed the fresh air and delicious seafood.(We)Had awanderful time! 在规划旅行时,我们考虑了很多地方。有些地方太远,而另一些地方太贵。最后,我们选择了海边的 个小镇。虽然它不是很有名,但它有美丽的海滩。在那里时,我们享受着新鲜的空气和美味的海鲜。度过 了一段美好的时光! (观察试题) In the passage,which of the following is an example of ellipsis? A.When planning our trip B.We considered many places C.It had beautiful beaches D.We enjoyed the fresh air 答案:A解析:“hen planning our trip'”是“When we were planning our trip”的省略形式,属于状语 从句中的省略。 【总结】 注意祈使句省略主语、回答句省略重复成分以及并列句省略相同谓语的情况。 掌握thik等词引导的宾语从句否定前移及从句省略规则;记住特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句可省略部 分内容。 明确关系代词作宾语时可省略。 省略条件是从句主语与主句主语一致且含be动词,熟悉时间、条件等各类状语从句的省略形式。 熟悉虚拟条件句中if省略后的倒装结构,能正确识别并运用had,were,should的提前。 跟着课文学语法 翼教版(必修+选必修)65 【单元练习】 1.语法填空(根据省略规则,填入合适的词或省略部分) ①一Are you going to the concert? -Yes,I 2 While (walk)on the street,I saw an old friend ③The book (which)I borrowed from the library isvery interesting. 4(If)possible,I will attend the meeting tomorrow. 5 he cometomorrow,we would have a di scussi on. 2.短文改错(每句均有一处省略相关的错误,找出并改正) 1 When was a child,she loved reading fairy tales. 2 I think not he will passthe exam. 3 The housewhere we visited last week isvery dd. 4Although tired,but he still kept working. 5 Had you been here yesterday,you would see the famous star. 3.语篇填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或根据省略规则补充内容) Last summer,I went to a small town.1. (When)arriving there,I was attracted by its beauty.The streets were clean,and the houses 2. (were)painted in bright colors.I met a local man who told me many stories about the town.3. (If)interested,you can visit the museum there.It shows the history and culture of the town.I spent a wonderful time there and hope 4. (to)go there again one day 4.阅读理解中的句子分析(分析下列句子中的省略现象,并说明其作用) 1Though busy with hiswork,he still spends timewith his family every day. 2 What a beautiful day (it is)! 5.句子改写(根据要求,对句子进行省略或补充) ①If you are in trouble,you can ask me for hep.(省略主语和be动词) ②I dont think that he will come on time.(省略从句中与上文重复部分) 6.写作应用(根据中文提示,用省略结构完成英语句子) ①如果你需要帮助,请告诉我。 _pleasetell me. ②他虽然年轻,但很有经验。 he is very experienced. ③我认为这部电影很有趣。I think ④要是我有时间,我就和你一起去。 time,I would gowith you. ⑤当被问到这个问题时,他保持沉默。 the question,he kept slent. ⑤6语法点精准定位课文 学习事半功倍 【答案】 1.语法填空 ①答案:am解析:完整回答是“Yes,I am going to the concert”,省略“going to the concert'',保留be动词am。 2)答案:walking解析:状语从句“Vhile I was walking on the stree”中,主语I与主句主语一致,且含be动词,省略Iwas 填walking。 3答案:/解析:关系代词which在定语从句中作宾语,可省略。 ④答案:f解析:“If possible”是“If it is possible的省略形式,意为“如果可能的话”。 ⑤答案:Should解析:对将来情况虚拟的条件句,省略if后,将should:提前,原句为“If he should come tomorrow.”。 2.短文改错 ①答案:在was前加she解析:时间状语从句“When she was a child'"中,不能直接省略主语,应补充she。 ②答案:将not移至will前解析:I think引导的宾语从句,否定词应前移,改为“1 dont think he will pass the exam”。 ③)答案:将where改为that/which或去掉where解析:先行词house在定语从句中作visited的宾语,关系代词应用that/ which或省略,where是关系副词,此处错误。 ④答案:去掉but解析:although引导让步状语从句,不能与but连用,应去掉but。 ⑤答案:将see改为have seen解析:此句是对过去情况的虚拟,主句应用“would have done”结构,改为“you would have seen the famous star”。 3.语篇填空 ①答案:When解析:“When arriving there'是“When I arrived there的省略形式,引导时间状语从句。 ②答案:were解析:并列句中,后句与前句主语the houses和be动词were重复,可省略,但此处为了句子结构清晰,补充 were更合适。 ③答案:f解析:“If interested'”是“If you are interested”的省略形式,引导条件状语从句。 ④答案:to解析:“hope to do sth..”,此处省略go there again one day,保留to。 4.阅读理解中的句子分析 ①省略现象:“Though busy with his work”是“Though he is busy with his work"的省略,省略了主语he和be动词is。 作用:使句子更简洁,突出主句“he still spends time with his family every day”的内容,强调尽管工作忙,但仍重视家庭。 2)省略现象:“Vhat a beautiful day(itis)!"省略了主语和谓语itis。 作用:在口语表达中,省略后使句子更简洁有力,更能体现感叹的语气。 5.句子改写 ①答案:If in trouble,you can ask me for help. ②答案:I dont think he will 6.写作应用 ①答案:If in trouble ②答案:Though young ③答案:it interesting 4答案:Were I to have ⑤答案:When asked 跟着课文学语法 冀教版(必修+选必修)67

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必修三-高中英语跟着课文学语法(冀教版必修+选必修)
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