Unit 3 Section A(2a-2e)课堂笔记与分层测试题 2025-2026学年人教版(2024)八年级英语上册

2025-10-04
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 2a-2e
类型 作业-同步练
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
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地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2025-10-04
更新时间 2025-10-04
作者 匿名
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审核时间 2025-10-04
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人教版2024八年级上册Unit 3 Section A(2a-2e) 课堂笔记与分层测试题 一、发音训练 (一)字母组合发音规律 1. /ɜː/ 音相关组合 常见组合有ir、er、ur、ear。比如ir在“first(第一)”“girl(女孩)”“shirt(衬衫)”“dirty(脏的)”中;er在“her(她的)”“term(学期)”“serve(服务)”“person(人)”里;ur出现在“nurse(护士)”“turn(转动)”“hurt(受伤)”“Thursday(星期四)”中;ear则在“early(早的)”“earth(地球)”“learn(学习)”这些词里。可给每组补充1个词,如ir组加“bird”,ur组加“fur”。 2. /ə/ 音相关组合 常见组合为a、e、o、er、or。a在“about(大约)”“banana(香蕉)”“panda(熊猫)”中;e出现在“open(打开)”“student(学生)”“agree(同意)”里;o可在“today(今天)”“police(警察)”“moment(时刻)”中找到;er存在于“teacher(老师)”“mother(妈妈)”“number(数字)”中;or在“doctor(医生)”“together(一起)”里。/ə/是弱读元音,发音轻短,常出现在单词非重读音节中。 (二)语调规则 对话中,当一方给出信息,另一方表示“确认”或“惊讶”时,常用升调增强语气,尤其在“Did you...?”“They did?”这类简短回应中。例如: A: They won the first prize in the school music festival.(陈述,降调) B: They did?(惊讶确认,升调) A: I took part in the school music festival today.(陈述,降调) B: Today? You did?(惊讶确认,升调) 二、核心词汇 (一)基础名词与动词 1. 名词 · compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/:动词,意为“对比”,名词形式是“comparison”(对比),常用搭配“compare A with B”(把A和B对比)。 · prize /praɪz/:“奖项”,常用搭配“win the first prize”(赢得一等奖)、“get a prize”(获得奖项)。 · congratulations /kənˌɡrætʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/:“恭喜”,常用复数,搭配“Congratulations on sth.”(为某事恭喜)。 · interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/:名词“采访”,“interviewer”(采访者)、“interviewee”(被采访者),场景搭配“have an interview”(进行采访)、“a school newspaper interview”(校报采访)。 · aspects /ˈæspekts/:“方面”,常用复数,搭配“from different aspects”(从不同方面)、“appearance aspects”(外貌方面)。 · pleasure /ˈpleʒə(r)/:“荣幸;愉快”,搭配“My pleasure.”(回应感谢,我的荣幸)、“give sb. pleasure”(给某人带来愉快)。 · spare /speə(r)/:形容词“空闲的”,“spare time”(空闲时间,名词短语),搭配“in one’s spare time”(在某人空闲时)、“spare money”(闲钱)。 2. 动词 · attend /əˈtend/:“参加”,搭配“attend the school music festival”(参加校园音乐节)、“attend a meeting”(参加会议),具体辨析见“易混词辨析”。 · congratulate /kənˈɡrætʃuleɪt/:“道贺”,搭配“congratulate sb. on doing sth.”(恭喜某人做了某事),如“congratulate them on winning the prize”。 · spend /spend/:“花费(时间/金钱);度过”,搭配“spend time on sth.”(在某事上花时间)、“spend time doing sth.”(花时间做某事),例句“She spends her spare time reading.”(她用空闲时间看书)。 (二)派生词 · congratulation(名词)→ congratulations(名词,常用复数,表“恭喜”),搭配“Congratulations on your success!”;→ congratulate(动词,表“道贺”),如“congratulate him on passing the exam”。 · pleasure(名词)→ please(动词/感叹词,表“(使)开心;请”),如“It pleases me to help you.”“Please sit down.”;→ pleased(形容词,修饰人,表“感到开心的”),如“I’m pleased with your work.”;→ pleasing(形容词,修饰物,表“令人开心的”),如“a pleasing result”(令人满意的结果)。 · personality(名词)→ person(名词,表“人”),如“a kind person”;→ personal(形容词,表“个人的;私人的”),如“personal information”(个人信息)。 · strength(名词)→ strong(形容词,表“强壮的;有优势的”),如“a strong boy”“her strength in singing”;→ strengthen(动词,表“加强”),如“strengthen one’s English”(提高英语水平)。 (三)易混词辨析:“参加”类动词 · attend:侧重出席正式、严肃场合(如会议、典礼、学校),不强调“参与动作”,搭配“attend a wedding(婚礼)”“attend school(上学)”“attend a lecture(听讲座)”,例句“She attended the opening ceremony yesterday.”。 · take part in:积极参与有组织的活动(如比赛、讨论、运动),强调“主动参与过程”,搭配“take part in a competition(比赛)”“take part in a discussion(讨论)”,例句“He took part in the school sports meeting.”。 · join in:临时加入小型、非正式活动(如游戏、聊天),搭配“join in the game”“join in the conversation”,例句“Can I join in your discussion?”。 · join:加入组织或团体,成为其中一员(长期),搭配“join the club”“join the army(军队)”“join the party(党派)”,例句“She joined the music club last month.”。 三、核心语法:比较级与常用句型 (一)形容词比较级(课堂对话高频) 1. 规则变化 - 单音节词:一般加“-er”,如quiet→quieter(文静的)、early→earlier(早的)、hard→harder(勤奋的);以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加“-er”,如funny→funnier(有趣的)、lazy→lazier(懒惰的);多音节词(3个及以上音节)加“more”,如colorful→more colorful(色彩缤纷的)。 2. 常用结构 - “A + be + 比较级 + than + B”:表示“A比B更……”,如“Emma is quieter than Ella.”(艾玛比艾拉文静)。 - “as + 形容词原级 + as”:表示“A和B一样……”,如“I work as hard as her.”(我和她一样勤奋)。 (二)交际句型 1. 祝贺句型: “Congratulations on doing sth.”(恭喜某人做了某事),如“Congratulations on winning the prize at the school music festival!”(恭喜你在校园音乐节上获奖!)。 2. 询问差异句型: “How is... different?”(……有什么不同?),如“How is this year's school music festival different?”(今年的校园音乐节有什么不同?);“How are you different?”(你们有什么不同?)。 3. 询问空闲活动句型: “How do you spend your spare time?”(你如何打发空闲时间?),如“Besides singing, how do you both spend your spare time?”(除了唱歌,你们俩如何打发空闲时间?)。 分层测试题 【形式】基础篇 词汇掌握 口语交际 听力理解 书面表达 语音语调 语法运用 阅读理解 综合实践 【水平】 记忆性 理解性 应用性 分析性 评价性 创造性 一、根据音标写单词 1. /kəmˈpeə(r)/ — ______ 2. /praɪz/ — ______ 3. /kənˌɡrætʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/ — ______ 4. /ˈæspekt/ — ______ 5. /ˈpleʒə(r)/ — ______ 二、判断下列单词中“er”的发音是否为/ɜː/,是打“√”,否打“×” 1. her( ) 2. teacher( ) 3. term( ) 4. mother( ) 5. serve( ) 三、用括号内单词的适当形式填空(基础词形变化) 1. She received many ______ (congratulation) from her friends on her birthday. 2. My uncle ______ (attend) a meeting in Beijing last week. 3. He spends two hours ______ (read) books every evening. 4. This story is ______ (funny) than that one. 5. It’s a ______ (please) to talk with you. 【形式】提升篇 词汇掌握 口语交际 听力理解 书面表达 语音语调 语法运用 阅读理解 综合实践 【水平】 记忆性 理解性 应用性 分析性 评价性 创造性 一、单项选择(语法与词汇辨析) 1. We should ______ the new students with the old ones to help them fit in. A. compare B. attend C. spend D. complement 2. —______ is your new school different from the old one? —It has more activities. A. What B. How C. Why D. Where 3. She ______ the English club last month and now she often takes part in its activities. A. attended B. joined C. joined in D. took part in 4. This movie is ______ interesting than the one we watched yesterday. A. much B. more C. many D. most 5. —Thank you for helping me with my homework. —______ A. Congratulations! B. My pleasure. C. That’s right. D. You’re welcome. 二、句型转换(按要求改写句子) 1. Emma is quieter than Ella.(改为同义句) Ella is ______ ______ Emma. 2. He spends 30 minutes on his breakfast every morning.(改为同义句) He spends 30 minutes ______ ______ ______ every morning. 3. This year’s music festival has more students.(改为一般疑问句) ______ this year’s music festival ______ more students? 4. They won the first prize in the singing competition.(改为感叹句,用“Congratulations...”开头) ______ ______ winning the first prize in the singing competition! 5. Tom is as hard-working as his brother.(改为否定句) Tom ______ ______ ______ hard-working as his brother. 三、补全对话(根据语境填句子或短语) A: Hi, Lucy! I heard you won the first prize in the art show. B: Thank you! A: ______ 1 ______ is this art show different from the last one? B: There are more works from students. And it’s ______ 2 ______ (colorful) than before. A: I know you like painting. ______ 3 ______ do you spend your spare time? B: I usually spend time ______ 4 ______ (practice) painting. Sometimes I go to art museums. A: You’re really hard-working. I think your success comes from it. B: Thank you. And I believe ______ 5 ______ (努力的人终会成功). 【形式】拓展篇 词汇掌握 口语交际 听力理解 书面表达 语音语调 语法运用 阅读理解 综合实践 【水平】 记忆性 理解性 应用性 分析性 评价性 创造性 一、短文填空(根据课文主题与语法填单词) Han Lin interviewed Emma and Ella for the school newspaper. First, he said “______ 1 ______ (congratulate) on winning the prize at the school music festival!” to them. The twins said thanks and talked about the differences between this year’s and last year’s festival—this year there are more students and more ______ 2 ______ (activity), and it’s more colorful. Han Lin then asked how the twins were different. Emma said she was a little ______ 3 ______ (quiet) than Ella, and she always ______ 4 ______ (get) up earlier. Ella said many people thought she was lazier than Emma, but she worked ______ 5 ______ hard as Emma. Besides that, Ella loved playing sports, while Emma liked reading. Finally, Han Lin said they made a great team. The twins smiled and said their different personalities and habits ______ 6 ______ (complement) each other. 二、书面表达(根据提示写短文) 提示:请以“My Friend and I”为题,介绍你和朋友的相同点与不同点,包含以下内容:1. 外貌或性格的相同与不同;2. 空闲时间的活动差异;3. 你们如何互补,成为好朋友。要求:80-100词,语句通顺,使用比较级和“as...as”结构。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 分层测试题答案 基础篇(考查基础词汇与发音) 一、根据音标写单词 1. compare 2. prize 3. congratulations 4. aspect 5. pleasure 二、判断下列单词中“er”的发音是否为/ɜː/,是打“√”,否打“×” 1. her(√) 2. teacher(×,发音为/ə/) 3. term(√) 4. mother(×,发音为/ə/) 5. serve(√) 三、用括号内单词的适当形式填空(基础词形变化) 1. congratulations(“congratulation”表“恭喜”时常用复数形式,搭配“many”需用复数) 2. attended(根据“last week”可知时态为一般过去时,动词用过去式) 3. reading(“spend time doing sth.”为固定搭配,意为“花费时间做某事”) 4. funnier(根据“than”可知需用形容词比较级,“funny”的比较级为“funnier”) 5. pleasure(“a”后接名词,“please”的名词形式为“pleasure”,意为“愉快的事”) 提升篇(考查语法与句型运用) 一、单项选择(语法与词汇辨析) 1. A(句意:我们应该把新学生和老学生作比较,帮助他们适应。“compare A with B”为固定搭配,意为“把A和B作比较”;B“attend”意为“参加”,C“spend”意为“花费”,D“complement”意为“补充”,均不符合语境) 2. B(根据答语“它有更多活动”可知问句询问“不同之处”,用“How is... different?”固定句型,意为“……有什么不同?”) 3. B(“join”后接组织/团体,表“成为其中一员”;“the English club”为俱乐部,是团体,用“join”;A“attend”侧重“出席场合”,C“join in”侧重“临时加入活动”,D“take part in”侧重“参与活动过程”,均不符合) 4. B(根据“than”可知需用比较级,“interesting”为多音节形容词,比较级为“more interesting”,“much”可修饰比较级,但此处缺比较级构成部分,故选“more”) 5. B(“Thank you...”的回应中,“My pleasure.”意为“我的荣幸”,符合礼貌语境;A“Congratulations!”用于“恭喜他人”,C“That’s right.”用于“认可他人观点”,D“You’re welcome.”虽可回应感谢,但“ My pleasure.”更贴合本文所学交际用语) 二、句型转换(按要求改写句子) 1. funnier than(原句“艾玛比艾拉文静”,同义句即“艾拉比艾玛有趣”,“quiet”的反义词为“funny”,比较级为“funnier”) 2. in having breakfast(“spend time on sth.”可与“spend time in doing sth.”互换,“in”可省略,“on breakfast”对应“in having breakfast”) 3. Does; have(主语“this year’s music festival”为单数,时态为一般现在时,变一般疑问句需用助动词“Does”,后接动词原形“have”) 4. Congratulations on(“Congratulations on doing sth.”为固定句型,意为“恭喜某人做了某事”,符合“感叹恭喜”的要求) 5. is not as(“as...as”的否定形式为“not as...as”,意为“A不如B……”,主语“Tom”为单数,be动词用“is”) 三、补全对话(根据语境填句子或短语) 1. How(根据答语“有更多学生作品”可知询问“艺术节的不同之处”,用“How is... different?”句型,此处缺疑问词“How”) 2. more colorful(根据“than before”可知需用比较级,“colorful”为多音节形容词,比较级为“more colorful”) 3. How(根据答语“我通常花时间练画画”可知询问“如何打发空闲时间”,用“How do you spend your spare time?”固定句型,缺疑问词“How”) 4. practicing(“spend time doing sth.”为固定搭配,“practice”的动名词形式为“practicing”) 5. hard-working people will finally succeed(符合“努力的人终会成功”的语义,且用简单句式,贴合八年级水平,也可表达为“people who work hard will succeed in the end”) 拓展篇(考查综合运用与思维拓展) 一、短文填空(根据课文主题与语法填单词) 1. Congratulations(“Congratulations on doing sth.”为固定交际句型,首字母大写) 2. activities(“more”后接可数名词复数,“activity”的复数形式为“activities”) 3. quieter(根据“than”可知需用比较级,“quiet”的比较级为“quieter”) 4. gets(主语“she”为第三人称单数,时态为一般现在时,动词用“gets”) 5. as(“as...as”为固定结构,意为“和……一样”,此处表“和艾玛一样勤奋”) 6. complemented(根据上下文语境,对话发生在过去,动词用过去式“complemented”) 二、书面表达(参考范文) My Friend and I I have a good friend named Lily. We have some similarities and differences. In terms of personality, I am as hard-working as Lily—we both study hard every day. But she is more outgoing than me. She likes making new friends, while I am a little shy. In our spare time, Lily spends much time playing sports, and she runs faster than me. I prefer reading books. We often share interesting things with each other: she tells me funny sports stories, and I introduce good books to her. Our differences complement each other, which makes our friendship stronger. I am lucky to have such a good friend. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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 Unit 3 Section A(2a-2e)课堂笔记与分层测试题 2025-2026学年人教版(2024)八年级英语上册
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 Unit 3 Section A(2a-2e)课堂笔记与分层测试题 2025-2026学年人教版(2024)八年级英语上册
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 Unit 3 Section A(2a-2e)课堂笔记与分层测试题 2025-2026学年人教版(2024)八年级英语上册
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