Unit 5 Section Ⅳ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

Section Ⅳ　Using language it作形式宾语 语法串烧 我的发现 　　When learning English，many students thought it necessary to have① listening training every day.They made it a daily rule to listen② for at least 20 minutes.But some students thought it a waste of time to have③ listening training.They took it for granted that④ they just needed to memorize more words. ①it是形式宾语，不定式短语to have listening training...是真正的宾语； ②it 是形式宾语，不定式短语to listen for...是真正的宾语； ③it 是形式宾语，不定式短语to have listening training是真正的宾语； ④it 是形式宾语，that从句是真正的宾语。 学生用书第131页 当动词不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式(短语)或从句作宾语时，为了保持句子结构的平衡，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句子后面。 1．常以it作形式宾语的动词：feel，consider，find，believe，make，think等。 They considered it important to have a good command of English. 他们认为精通英语很重要。 2．it作形式宾语，代替动词不定式(短语)。 I found it important to learn spoken English. 我发现学习英语口语很重要。 He likes to stay up late，so he often feels sleepy，which makes it difficult for him to concentrate on what he is doing. 他喜欢熬夜，所以他经常犯困，这使他难以专注于他正在做的事情。 3．it作形式宾语，代替动词-ing形式(短语)。 用动词-ing形式(短语)作真正的宾语时，其宾语补足语通常是no use，no good，useless，a waste of time等。 The professor considers it no good reading without understanding. 这位教授认为阅读而不去理解没有用。 4．it作形式宾语，代替从句。 ①在一些习惯用法中，it在hate，like，love，appreciate，enjoy，depend on，rely on，count on等动词后作形式宾语，代替其后的宾语从句。 I would appreciate it if you could take my suggestion into consideration. 如果你能考虑我的建议我将感激不尽。 I hate it when someone makes a mess of my learning materials on my desk. 我讨厌有人把我桌子上的学习材料弄得乱七八糟。 ②在一些特殊结构中，用it作形式宾语。 owe it to sb that...　　把……归功于某人 take it for granted that... 想当然/认为……是当然的 see to it that... 确保…… 学生用书第131页 We all take it for granted that Mile can succeed. 我们都认为米尔能成功。 I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。 [巧学活用]——补全句子 (1)He has made it a rule to get up early(养成早起的习惯). (2)I find it really helpful to read English aloud(发现大声读英语真的很有用) every day. (3)I think it necessary that (认为是必要的) you study hard. (4)I find it no use advising him to give up smoking(发现建议他戒烟没有用). (5)I'll see to it that(确保) everything is ready in time. 课时测评15　Section Ⅳ　Using language (时间：45分钟　满分：71分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共6分) 1．Are you driving to the airport，sir？I'd appreciate it if you could give me a lift. 2．I used to feel it a terrible thing that my mother should have to do the housework endlessly. 3．People in the west make it a rule to buy(buy) Christmas presents for their relatives and friends. 4．It became hot，which made it more difficult for participants to keep up. 5．I think it no use complaining(complain) about our life; what we should do is take action to change our life. 6．I depend on it that you can solve the problem on your own. 维度二　语法与写作(每小题3分，共15分) 1．她说，这些睡前活动会让孩子们兴奋不已，让他们难以平静下来入睡。 She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. 2．很多人发现早上起床很难，把责任推到闹钟上。 Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame on the alarm clock. 3．更糟糕的是，一些司机、骑自行车的人和行人认为遵守交通规则并不重要。 What's worse，some drivers，cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules. 4．我讨厌在工作时她打电话给我 ——我总是太忙而不能和她说话。 I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her. 5．人类理所当然地认为他们的大脑掌握了所有的解决方案。 Human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions. 维度三　语法与语篇(每小题2分，共10分) Have you ever asked yourself why people often find 1.it difficult to learn English？We consider it important 2.to have(have) a good command of English.In particular，we think it very important 3.to learn(learn) English and computer well in modern times.We should always keep it in mind 4.that no knowledge gained is ever wasted.Our English teacher often makes use of English songs to teach us English.I find 5.it interesting to learn English and the efforts in learning it will finally pay off. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分) (2024·全国甲卷) Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance，almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help，scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry，it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However，when a cat is looking for affection，they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. Cats have many heightened senses，but their sense of smell is quite impressive.They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax.However，another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future.That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats，which they don't usually like. Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit，but cats take this behavior up a notch．Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物).Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time.So just go along with it! 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猫的生活习性，它们的叫声特别，能与人类交流，嗅觉敏锐，能识别主人，许多猫会将在外面找到的物品带给主人表达爱意。 1．What can be learned about cats' meowing from the first paragraph? A．It's a survival skill. B．It's taught by mother cats. C．It's hard to interpret. D．It's getting louder with age. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows... to attract attention and find food.”和“Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat...be fed.”可知，猫用喵喵叫和人对话。如果一只宠物猫饿了，它会不停地喵喵叫以吸引注意力并找到食物。喵喵叫从小猫一出生就开始了，小猫用它来吸引猫妈妈的注意并被喂食。由此可知，喵喵叫是猫的生存技能。 2．How does a pet cat assess different situations? A．By listening for sounds. B．By touching familiar objects. C．By checking on smells. D．By communicating with other cats. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的“They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger...looking for familiar smells.”可知，猫用鼻子评估环境并留心任何危险迹象。它们能够区分不同环境的另一种方法是寻找熟悉的气味。由此可推知，猫通过检查气味来评估不同的环境。故选C。 3．Which best explains the phrase “take this behavior up a notch” in paragraph 3? A．Perform appropriately.　　　 B．Move faster. C．Act strangely. 　 D．Do better. 答案：D 解析：词义猜测题。画线部分前提到狗以其令人印象深刻的取物习惯而闻名，下文介绍了猫的行为，它们会将在外面找到的物品带到主人身边以表达它们的爱意。由此可推知，与狗相比，猫更擅长“去取物品来表达对主人的喜爱”。故画线部分在此意为“做得更好”。故选D。 4．What is a suitable title for the text? A．Tips on Finding a Smart Cat B．Understanding Your Cat's Behavior C．Have Fun with Your Cat D．How to Keep Your Cat Healthy 答案：B 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了猫的行为和它们表达需求和情感的方式，旨在帮助人们更好地理解猫的行为。故B项“理解你的猫的行为”最适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分) (2024·山东省高二上适应性联考) It was a turtle that changed Victoria Cairns，a headteacher from Derbyshire.She was 1 in Bali underwater when she saw one of the island's famous 2 ．It approached towards her in the crystal clear water，and she was 3 at first—until she saw the plastic bag in its mouth.She just thought the human was having a destroying 4 on the environment. She set up anti-litter social media account to 5 awareness of the damage caused by 6 pollution.She regularly picks litter around her neighbourhood.“She's done amazing work keeping the area clean，tidy and beautiful，” says her friend. Cairns keeps a litter-picker in her car，and will frequently 7 on the way back from work to clean something up.When running，Cairns carries a 8 litter-picker in her backpack，and picks up rubbish on her cool-down walk. “Some people don't 9 things.There's no value in a plastic bag，so they 10 it away，not into the bin but on the earth somewhere.It means they are doing it when people aren't 11 ，as they know it's unacceptable.” When she collects plastic bottles and carrier bags，it feels like a small act of care：this bag will not end up 12 a turtle's mouth.It is a(an) 13 small act in the scheme of things，but it's something. Cairns makes a 14 to her surroundings.She has been litter-picking in the 15 near her house.“It's so beautiful.You get a different perspective being on the water.” she says. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Cairns在一次潜水中发现了一只被塑料袋噎住的乌龟。从那之后，她决定创办一个反垃圾社交媒体账号，告诉人们不能随便丢弃塑料垃圾。 1．A．skiing B．running C．diving D．jogging 答案：C 解析：根据空后“Bali underwater”可知，Cairns在水下潜水。故选C。 2．A．sharks B．turtles C．whales D．dolphins 答案：B 解析：根据上文“It was a turtle that changed Victoria Cairns，a headteacher from Derbyshire.”可知，Cairns在潜水时看到了一只乌龟。故选B。 3．A．delighted B．frightened C．embarrassed D．disappointed 答案：A 解析：根据上文“in the crystal clear water”可知，Cairns在清澈的水中看到一只乌龟朝她游过来，起初的时候感到非常高兴。故选A。 4．A．mercy B．impact C．attack D．dependence 答案：B 解析：根据上文“until she saw the plastic bag in its mouth”可知，看到乌龟嘴里的塑料袋，Cairns感觉人类对环境产生了破坏性的影响。故选B。 5．A．risk B．learn C．raise D．lessen 答案：C 解析：根据空后“awareness of”可知，Cairns建立社交媒体账号是为了提高人们对于塑料污染的意识。raise awareness of“提高对……的意识”。故选C。 6．A．air B．noise C．water D．plastic 答案：D 解析：根据上文“she saw the plastic bag in its mouth”可知，此处是提高塑料污染造成的损害的认识。故选D。 7．A．cheer up B．give away C．pull over D．break down 答案：C 解析：根据空后“on the way back from work to clean something up”可知，Cairns在每天下班回家的途中都靠边停车，下来捡塑料垃圾。故选C。 8．A．heavy B．portable C．comfortable D．complex 答案：B 解析：根据空后“in her backpack”可知，Cairns在她包里带着便携式垃圾捡拾器。故选B。 9．A．value B．change C．protect D．store 答案：A 解析：根据下文“There's no value in a plastic bag”可知，人们觉得塑料袋没有了价值，所以就不重视它。故选A。 10．A．put B．blow C．take D．throw 答案：D 解析：根据上文“There's no value in a plastic bag”可知，塑料袋没有了价值，人们就会扔掉它们。故选D。 11．A．working B．thinking C．noticing D．wandering 答案：C 解析：根据下文“as they know it's unacceptable”可知，因为人们觉得这件事并不可接受，所以他们并不去注意他们自己的行为。故选C。 12．A．in B．from C．as D．on 答案：A 解析：根据空后的“a turtle's mouth”可知，塑料袋不会再进入乌龟的嘴里。故选A。 13．A．frankly B．extremely C．anxiously D．cautiously 答案：B 解析：根据空后“small act in the scheme of things，but it's something”可知，捡垃圾是一件非常小的行为，但是它却非常有意义。故选B。 14．A．move B．choice C．decision D．difference 答案：D 解析：根据下文“‘It's so beautiful.You get a different perspective being on the water.’ she says.”可知，Cairns的行为起了作用。make a difference“起作用，有影响”。故选D。 15．A．canal B．mountain C．bus D．forest 答案：A 解析：根据下文“on the water”可知，作者是在家里附近的运河里捡垃圾，这样人们才会看到美丽的河流。故选A。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) What makes the sea turn red and causes thousands of fish to die？As far back as anyone could remember，the blame was placed on the “red tides”．In 1947，scientists finally connected the red tides with a microscopic sea organism(有机体)1. (call) the dinoflagellate(腰鞭毛虫). The dinoflagellate is so tiny 2. 6，000 of these organisms may be contained in 3. single drop of water.It stands on the borderline between plant and animal in its classification.It produces its own food，as plants do.But it moves 4. (free) and eats other organisms，as animals do. Dinoflagellates are normally only one of the many kinds of organisms found in plankton.Plankton is the name given to all very small 5. (form) of sea life.However，when the air and water 6. (be) calm and warm，dinoflagellates multiply with an 7. (amaze) speed.The surface of the water appears 8. (cover) with a red carpet. The dinoflagellates give off a poison.Many fish die.Their bodies are washed up on the beach.Beaches are not fit 9. any use.Fish that are not killed may become 10. (poison) to animals or people who eat them.Commercial fishing comes to a stop. As dinoflagellates consume all the food and oxygen in an area，they die.After a time，the sea returns to normal.But when conditions are right，the red tide comes again. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了根据科学家的调查可知，赤潮与一种叫作腰鞭毛虫的微小海洋生物有关，以及这种海洋生物对海洋产生的影响。 1．答案：called 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，设空处填非谓语动词，organism和call之间是被动关系，故填called。 2．答案：that 解析：考查状语从句。so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”，故填that。 3．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。a drop of意为“一滴……”，故填a。 4．答案：freely 解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词用副词，故填freely。 5．答案：forms 解析：考查名词的单复数。根据空格前的all可知，此处用可数名词复数形式，故填forms。 6．答案：are 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合语境可知，此处用一般现在时，air和water都有独立的含义，且不构成成套名词，故填are。 7．答案：amazing 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，设空处填形容词，修饰speed应该用动词-ing形式，故填amazing。 8．答案：to be covered 解析：考查非谓语动词。appear to do意为“似乎做……，好像做……”，the surface of the water和cover之间是被动关系，故填to be covered。 9．答案：for 解析：考查介词。be fit for是固定搭配，意为“适合……；胜任……”，故填for。 10．答案：poisonous 解析：考查词性转换。become是系动词，故设空处填形容词作表语，故填poisonous。 学生用书第132页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $