Unit 5 Section Ⅲ Using language-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（外研版）

Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas Step One：Pre-reading 1．What do you know about Shennongjia? Shennongjia Forest District is located in the northwest of Hubei province，covering a total area about 3，250 sq km.It borders on Xiangyang，Shiyan，Yichang and Wanxian county of Chongqing city. 2．Look at the title of the passage and think about what it means. The title raises a question：Why did Shennongjia make it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List? Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea What's the main idea of the passage? A．The beautiful scenery of Shennongjia. B．Rare animal and plant resources in Shennongjia. C．People's efforts to protect Shennongjia. D．The reason why Shennongjia was onto the UNESCO World Heritage List. 答案：D Ⅱ.Read for the structure Ⅲ.Read for details 1．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By listing data.　　　 B．By asking questions. C．By comparison. D．By quotation. 2．Why did Shennongjia make it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List? A．It has Golden Snub-nosed Monkey. B．It is one of the most “complete” natural area in the world. C．It has incredible biodiversity. D．B and C. 3．Why does the speaker mention the local people of Shennongjia? A．Because they live and work in harmony with nature. B．Because they make natural honey. 学生用书第124页 C．Because they place beehives around their houses. D．Because they provide bees with honey. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．Many species have disappeared. B．Great efforts have been made by scientists and the natives. C．Golden Snub-nosed Monkey is in danger of dying out. D．The bees are endangered because of the invasion of foreign species. 答案：1—4：BDAB Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological where引导定语从句 and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve． that引导定语从句 尝试翻译　它也是世界上稀有的地方之一，在这里科学家可以实时观察生态和生物的过程，这一过程随着动植物的发展和进化而发生。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 教材佳句　It is my great pleasure to give a lecture here on behalf of the Be at One with Nature Association.(演讲稿) 学后仿写　我很荣幸作为英国戏剧俱乐部主席在这里发表最后一次演讲。 It's a great honor to deliver my last speech here as the President of English Drama Club. Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Do you like Shennongjia and why？(Critical Thinking批判性思维) Yes，because Shennongjia has incredible biodiversity，and I am interested in studying wild plants，so I can meet many rare plants there. 2．How can we play a part in protecting the natural world？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) We should save energy，not waste resources，and we should also develop a green style of life. ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ ①pleasure n．乐事，快事 ②on behalf of代表 ③association/əˌsəʊʃi'eɪʃn/n.协会，社团，联盟 ④make it获得成功 ⑤stretch/stretʃ/vi.延伸，绵延 ⑥legendary/'ledʒəndri/adj.大名鼎鼎的，传奇式的 ⑦be named after...以……命名 ⑧capture the imagination启发想象力 capture vt.引起(注意、想象、兴趣) ⑨meet criteria符合标准 criterion/kraɪ'tɪəriən/n.(pl.criteria)标准，准则 ⑩rare locations罕见的地方 rare/reə/adj.稀有的，罕见的 rarely adv.罕有，很少，不常 ⑪biological processes生物过程 biological/ˌbaɪə'lɒdʒɪk(ə)l/adj.生物的，与生物有关的 biology n．生物学；生理 biologist n．生物学家 ⑫apparently/ə'pærəntli/adv.据说；看来，似乎 apparent adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然 ⑬rise 熟词生义 vi. 凸起，隆起 ⑭the vast range巨大的变动范围 vast/vɑːst/adj.巨大的；广大的 range n. (变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区间 ⑮altitude/'æltɪtjuːd/n.海拔(高度) ⑯variation/ˌveəri'eɪʃ(ə)n/n.差异；变化 ⑰climatic conditions气候条件 climatic changes气候变化 climatic/klaɪ'mætɪk/adj.与某一地区气候有关的 conditions n．(影响某事发生的)物质环境，状态，条件 ⑱a variety of各种各样的 variety n．(同一事物的)不同种类，多种式样 ⑲slide n．幻灯片 a slide show幻灯放映 ⑳represent vt.等于，相当于，意味着 ㉑additionally/ə'dɪʃənəli/adv.另外，额外 additional adj.附加的，额外的 ㉒brave 熟词生义 vt.勇敢面对，冒(风险)，经受(困难) ㉓double/'dʌbl/vi.&vt.(使)加倍，是……的两倍 ㉔home-made adj.自制的，家里做的 ㉕elsewhere/els'weə/adv.在别处 ㉖the invasion of foreign species外来物种的入侵 invasion/ɪn'veɪʒ(ə)n/n.涌入 invade vt.(尤指造成损害或混乱地)涌入，侵袭 vi.&vt.武装入侵，侵略，侵犯 ㉗coexist with...与……共存，(尤指)与……和平共处 coexist/ˌkəʊɪɡ'zɪst/v.共存，共处 ㉘secure/sɪ'kjʊə/adj.稳固的，安全的 security n．安全 ㉙in return作为回报 ㉚contribute vi.&vt.增加，增进，添加(到某物) ◎……………………………………………………………………………………… WHY SHENNONGJIA？[1] 1 Good morning，everyone.It is my great pleasure① to give a lecture here on behalf of② the Be at One with Nature Association③.[2] [1][标题赏析]作者从多个方面解释了为什么神农架会被联合国教科文组织评选为世界自然遗产。而本文以WHY SHENNONGJIA？作为演讲题目，一来紧扣演讲的内容，二来可以吸引听众。此外，题目避免了冗长的用词，简洁而又达意。 [2]这是做讲座常见的开场语。首先向听众问好，其次简单介绍自己。 2 As we know[3]，in 2016，Shennongjia made it④ onto the UNESCO World Heritage List.But there are so many important places not yet on this list.So you might ask：why Shennongjia？Is it its forests that stretch⑤ on and on like great green seas? [4]Is it the legendary⑥ 学生用书第125页 father of Chinese herbal medicine，Shennong，after whom the park is named⑦？Or is it the mysterious creature called “Yeren” (wild man) that has captured the imagination⑧ of the world? [3]As we know是As引导的非限制性定语从句，意为“众所周知”。 [4]本句用来回答why Shennongjia？这个问题。that在此引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，修饰先行词its forests。 3 UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status because it meets two criteria⑨ required by the list[5].It contains a naturally-balanced environment that allows the many and various species to live and prosper.It is also one of the rare locations⑩ in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes⑪ that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve.[6] [5]此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词two criteria。 [6]本句为主从复合句。where在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词one of the rare locations，该定语从句中又包含了一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the ecological and biological processes。在that引导的定语从句中，又包含了一个as引导的时间状语从句。 4 For the first criterion，Shennongjia is apparently⑫ one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world.The region rises⑬ from about 400 metres to over 3，000 metres above sea level，giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”．The vast range⑭ in altitude⑮ results in a great variation⑯ in climatic conditions⑰.This allows a wide variety of⑱ species to thrive.Some of the plants and animals have survived millions of years，and are regarded as living fossils. 5 For the second criterion，we can see that Shennongjia has incredible biodiversity.Look at this slide⑲.According to official statistics，over 3，000 plant species have been recorded there.This represents⑳ more than ten per cent of China's total floral richness.Shennongjia supports more than 600 vertebrate species，including the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey and the Clouded Leopard.Additionally㉑，around 4，300 insect species have been recorded. 6 It is a challenge to look after so many species.In winter，scientists brave㉒ heavy snow and freezing temperatures to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey.Thanks to their efforts，the monkey's population has doubled㉓since the 1980s.Their number reached over 1，300 in 2015 and continues to grow. 学生用书第126页 7 But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people，who take things from nature without causing damage.I visited a local village which is known for its home-made㉔ honey.What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee.Every spring，the villagers place beehives around their houses to attract these wild bees from the forest.Although endangered elsewhere㉕ in China due to the invasion of foreign species㉖，the bees of Shennongjia have coexisted with㉗ the local people for centuries.By providing the bees with a secure㉘ home，the villagers collect their honey in return㉙.This is just one of the ways in which people of Shennongjia live and work in harmony with nature. 8 All of this explains why Shennongjia earned—and deserves—its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List，as well as highlighting how understanding，awareness and hard work have contributed㉚ towards protecting a unique and wonderful part of our natural world. 9 Thank you for listening.Now，does anyone have any questions？[7] [7]这是作讲座的常见环节。演讲者通过简短的问答环节与观众进行互动。[文化采风] 神农架 神农架林区是湖北省直辖林区，地处湖北省西北部，1970年经国务院批准建制，是中国唯一以“林区”命名的行政区。 神农架是中国首个获得联合国教科文组织人与生物圈自然保护区、世界地质公园、世界遗产三大保护制度共同录入的“三冠王”名录遗产地。2016年，神农架被列入《世界遗产名录》，成为湖北省第1处、中国第11处世界自然遗产。2018年9月，神农架荣获“中国天然氧吧”称号。 ………………………………………………………………………………………◎ 为何选择神农架？ 1 大家上午好。我很荣幸在这里代表融入自然协会作讲座。 2 众所周知，神农架在2016年成功进入联合国教科文组织《世界遗产名录》。但是还有许多重要的地方不在这个名录上。因此你可能会问：为什么选择神农架？是因为它那绵延不绝的像广阔的碧海一样的森林吗？是因为它是以传说中的“中草药之父”——神农，命名的吗？或是因为被称为“野人”并激发全世界想象的神秘生物吗？ 3 联合国教科文组织授予神农架这样的地位，是因为它符合该名录要求的两个标准：它包含一个自然平衡的环境，这使得许多不同的物种可以生存和繁衍；它也是世界上少有的地方之一，能让科学家实时观察动植物成长和进化期间的生态和生物过程。 4 就第一个标准而言，神农架据说是世界上最“完整”的自然区域之一。该地区高出海平面约400米到3 000多米，因此它被称为“中华屋脊”。海拔高度的巨大范围导致当地的气候条件千差万别，这使得种类繁多的物种得以茁壮成长。一些动植物已经存活了数百万年，被视为活化石。 学生用书第127页 5 就第二个标准而言，我们可以看到，神农架有着令人难以置信的生物多样性。请看这张幻灯片。根据官方统计数据，这里有3 000多种植物已经纳入记载，这相当于中国丰富植物资源总数的10%以上。神农架生活着600多种脊椎动物，包括川金丝猴和云豹。此外，大约有4 300种昆虫已经纳入了记载。 6 照料如此多的物种是个挑战。在冬天，科学家们要冒着大雪和经受冻结温度，为川金丝猴提供食物。多亏了他们的努力，自20世纪80年代以来，川金丝猴的数量翻了一番。2015年，它们的数量达到1 300多只，并且还在继续增加。 7 但是神农架最令人印象深刻的方面是当地的人。他们从自然中获取资源，但不造成损害。我曾走访当地一个以家庭自制蜂蜜而闻名的村庄。这种蜂蜜的特殊之处在于，它由中国最早的蜜蜂种类产出。每年春天，村民们在他们的房子周围放置蜂箱，来吸引森林中的野生蜜蜂。尽管由于外来物种的入侵，这些蜂蜜在中国其他地方濒临灭绝，但神农架的蜜蜂和当地人共存了几个世纪。村民给蜜蜂提供安全的家园，收集它们的蜂蜜作为回报。这只是神农架的人与自然和谐相处的方式之一。 8 所有这些解释了神农架为什么能够进入联合国教科文组织《世界遗产名录》，这项荣誉实至名归；这也凸显了理解、意识和努力是如何增进对我们独特而精彩的自然世界的保护的。 9 谢谢大家的倾听。现在有人有什么问题吗？ ◎核心单词——练通 1．plan your study session　　　 　 计划你的学习时间 2．social status 社会地位 3．meet one criterion 满足一个标准 4．a vast amount of information 大量的信息 5．go elsewhere 去别处 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．nutrient n．养分，营养物→nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的 2．comparison n．比较→compare v．比较，对比；把……比作 3．visual adj.视觉的→visually adv.视觉上 4．mysterious adj.神秘的→mystery n．神秘；神秘的事物 5．prosper v．兴旺，发达→prosperous adj.繁荣的，兴旺的，成功的→prosperity n．兴旺，繁荣，成功，昌盛 6．rare adj.稀有的，罕见的→rarely adv.罕有；很少；不常 7．biological adj.生物的，与生物有关的→biology n．生物学 8．apparently adv.据说；看来，似乎→apparent adj.明显的，显而易见的 9．variation n．差异；变化→vary v．变化→variety n．种类；多样性→various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的 10．endangered adj.濒临灭绝的→endanger v．使遭危险；危及，危害→danger n．危险，风险→dangerous adj.有危险的；不安全的 11．invasion n．涌入→invade vt.(尤指造成损害或混乱地)涌入，侵袭 12．coexist v．共存，共处→coexistence n．共处，共存 13．secure adj.稳固的；安全的→security n．安全 14．greeting n．问候，招呼→greet v．问候，招呼 规律：动词词缀“en-” 示例：danger n．危险，风险→endanger v．使遭危险；危及，危害 large adj.大的→enlarge v．扩大 courage n．勇气→encourage v．鼓励　 学生用书第128页 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．dissolve in water 溶解于水 2．herbal teas 药草的茶 3．an altitude of 6，000 metres 6 000米的海拔 4．thrive in poor soil 在贫瘠的土壤中茁壮生长 5．fossils over two million years old 两百多万年的化石 6．wallpaper with a floral design 有花的图案的墙纸 7．like a beehive 像个蜂房 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．on behalf of 代表 2．make it 获得成功 3．be regarded as 被视作，被认为是 4．a variety of 各种各样的 5．in return 作为回报 第二组　英译汉 6．look after 照料，照顾 7．be named after... 以……命名 8．coexist with... 与……共存，(尤指)与……和平共处 9．on and on 持续地 10．result in 导致 ◎典型句式——默背 根据课文语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．句型公式 　It is ＋n.＋to do sth 教材原句　It is my great pleasure to give a lecture here on behalf of the Be at One with Nature Association. 我很开心能代表人与自然和谐相处协会在这里发表演讲。 2．句型公式 　过去分词作后置定语 教材原句　UNESCO awarded Shennongjia this status because it meets two criteria required by the list． 联合国教科文组织令神农架入选是因为它符合入选名录的两项标准。 3．句型公式 　where引导定语从句 教材原句　It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve. 它也是世界上人迹罕至之地之一，科学家们可以实时观察到植物和动物发展和进化过程中的生态学和生物学过程。 4．句型公式 　what引导主语从句 教材原句　What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee. 这种蜂蜜的独特之处在于它是由最古老的一种中华蜜蜂产的。 Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 comparison n．比较 (1)by comparison　　相比之下，相较而言 in comparison with 与……相比较 (2)compare v. 比较 compare...with... 把……和……相比较 compare...to... 把……比作…… compared to/with... 和……相比(通常作状语) 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what we are doing with others. ②Children are compared to young trees because they are still growing and can still be shaped. ③与西药相比，针灸更环保、更简单，因为它不使用药物。(应用文之传统文化) →Acupuncture is much greener and simpler compared to/with Western medicine as it uses no drugs.(compare) →Acupuncture is much greener and simpler in comparison with Western medicine as it uses no drugs.(comparison) 学生用书第129页 result in 导致 (1)result from　　起因于 (2)as a result of＝due to/because of 作为(……的)结果 as a result 由于 用result的相关短语填空/完成句子 ①In order to release the pressure resulting from our study，I went to Xingxing Farm to pick some oranges together with my classmates last weekend. ②She felt guilty for telling Mr.Reed about it，which had resulted in Terry's not finishing her exam. ③他一直在努力学习。结果，他轻松地通过了考试。(应用文之学校生活) He had been hard-working at his study.As a result，he passed the exam easily. endangered adj.濒临灭绝的 (1)danger n.　 　危险，风险 in danger 在危险中 in danger of (doing) sth 有(做)某事的危险 out of danger 脱离危险 (2)endanger v. 使遭危险；危及，危害 (3)dangerous adj. 有危险的；不安全的 单句语法填空/完成语段 ①At present，as a consequence of human activities，many wild animals are endangered (endanger). ②让一个中年男人——一个陌生人进来后，我惊恐地意识到自己处于危险之中。感到非常恐慌，我尖叫起来。幸运的是，在邻居们的帮助下，我脱离了危险。(读后续写之遇险) Letting in a middle-aged man—a stranger，I came to terrifying realization that I was in danger．Terrified，I screamed.Fortunately，I was out of danger with my neighbors' help. coexist v．共存，共处 (1)coexist with　　　和……共存；与……共处 (2)coexistence n. 共存，共处 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①After the war，the two countries enjoyed a period of peaceful coexistence (coexist). ②只有为保护野生动物做出贡献，我们才能与大自然共存。(应用文之动物保护) Only by making contributions towards protecting wild animals can we coexist with the nature． Ⅰ.一词多义——rare adj. A．罕见的；稀有的　B．半熟的　C．珍贵的 1．It's extremely rare for it to be this hot in April. A 2．The dinner table was gorgeous(绚丽的) with silver，rare china and flowers. C 3．Waiter，this steak is rare，but I want a steak well done. B Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．From September until December，Congress remained in session.会议 2．The invasion of tourists brought life to the summer resort.涌入　　 学生用书第130页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：：It is ＋n.＋to do sth 本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。常见句型有： (1)It＋be＋名词(词组)＋to do sth (2)It＋be＋adj.＋ for sb＋动词不定式 这类句型常用形容词：easy，difficult，hard，important，possible，impossible，necessary等说明不定式行为的性质或特点。 (3)It＋be＋adj.＋ of sb to do sth 这类形容词常是表示心理品质、性格特征的形容词，如：kind，nice，stupid，clever，foolish，polite，impolite，silly，selfish，considerate等。(教材原句)It is my great pleasure to give a lecture here on behalf of the Be at One with Nature Association. 我很开心能代表人与自然和谐相处协会在这里发表演讲。 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is not a good habit to stay(stay) up too late. ②It's very kind of you to help me with the work. ③It is unwise to give(give) the children whatever they want. ④此外，有必要好好休息，这将为您提供足够的能量。(应用文之建议信) Further，it is necessary for you to take a good rest，which will provide enough energy for you. ⑤作为一个中国画爱好者，这是一个我向参观者介绍中国画技巧的好机会。(应用文之申请信) As a Chinese painting lover，it's a good chance for me to introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors. 课时测评14　Section Ⅲ　Using language & Developing ideas (时间：45分钟　满分：81分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　品句填词(每小题1分，共8分) 1．If she marries a foreigner，will her status (地位) as a British citizen be affected? 2．In the last session (一段时间) of the operation，she told me that she felt much better. 3．The two countries have different criteria (标准) about the same products，so it's hard for them to reach an agreement. 4．The main reason for many people to leave Dawson was that they wanted to try their luck elsewhere (在别处). 5．Skiing and snowboarding usually take place at a relatively high altitude(海拔)，where the sun's UV rays are stronger. 6．The vast(广大的)forests of West Africa have been shrinking all these years due to the deforestation(滥伐森林). 7．You could look for a job which is better-paid and more secure． 8．With enough water and sunlight，most plants thrive in spring，the best season for their growth. 维度二　词形转换(每小题1分，共8分) 1．(2023·全国乙卷)Almost one third say they now use a wider variety (vary) of ingredients (配料) than they used to... 2．(2023·全国甲卷)Fan Zhongyan spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms to make his country prosperous(prosper). 3．The comparison(compare) shows considerable disagreement between theory and practice. 4．It is inconvenient for the old man to go out so we rarely (rare) see him in the park. 5．By opening a novel，I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious (mystery) world where I am now a new character. 6．Apparently(apparent)，they two don't share the same interest，but they still get along very well. 7．He took her hand in greeting (greet) and asked her with concern if everything was all right. 8．The organization was set up to preserve endangered(endanger) species from extinction. 维度三　固定搭配和句式(每小题3分，共15分) 1．作为一名班长，我代表我的同学写信邀请你们和我们一起去。(on behalf of) As a monitor，on behalf of my classmates，I'm writing to invite you to come with us. 2．高效准确地解决这些问题是一个很大的挑战。(It is＋n.＋to do sth) It is a great challenge to solve these problems efficiently and accurately. 3．该节日旨在提高文化意识和增进相互了解，将包括各种各样的活动。(过去分词作后置定语) The festival，intended to promote cultural awareness and enhance mutual understanding，will include a wide variety of activities. 4．最后，爸爸把他们三个带上船，Lizzy终于闭上了眼睛，疲惫不堪，如释重负。(where引导定语从句) Finally，Dad got three of them into the boat where Lizzy finally closed her eyes，exhausted and relieved． 5．是美丽的黄色蒲公英给了我灵感，促使我克服了它。(what引导主语从句) What encouraged me to overcome it was the inspiration from the beautiful yellow dandelions. 维度四　教材知识迁移 (每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面新情景，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shennongjia made it onto the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2016.It is neither its forests 1.nor its wild man that has brought the status.It is because Shennongjia meets two 2.criteria (criterion) required by the list. It contains a naturally-balanced environment with various species，3.where scientists can observe their 4.biological (biology) and ecological processes.5.Additionally (addition)，Shennongjia is also one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world，with a wide variety of species living in 6.the same place.In order to protect the wild animals，scientists brave heavy snow 7.to supply (supply) food to the animals there.Apart from that，the local people take things from nature without 8.causing (cause) damage.That is why the wild animals and the local people can coexist in harmony 9.with each other.All those well explain why Shennongjia 10.deserves (deserve) its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分) A (2024·安徽省合肥市高二上期中) Indoor food growing operations are seeing both successes and failures in the United States.Some companies in the food industry are investing (投资) even as competitors fail. California-based Plenty Unlimited this summer began working on $300 million indoor plants，while Kroger announced that it would be increasing its availability of vertically (垂直地) farmed produce.Meanwhile，two indoor farming companies that got strong backing—New Jersey's AeroFarms and Kentucky's AppHarvest—filed for financial failure and reorganization.And a five-year-old company in Detroit，Planted Detroit，shut its doors this summer. The industry changes do not worry Jacob Portillo，a grower with Eden Green Technology，an indoor farming company.“The fact that other people are failing and other people are succeeding is going to happen in any industry you go to，” he said. Indoor farming refers to growing crops indoors，which experts sometimes call “controlled environment agriculture”．There are different methods.One method called vertical farming involves putting produce from floor to ceiling，often under artificial lights and with the plants growing in nutrient-enriched water.Other growers are trying very large greenhouses，indoor beds of soil in big buildings and using special robots for parts of the farming process. Supporters say growing indoors uses less water and land and permits food to be grown closer to consumers，saving on transport.Indoor growing is also a way to protect crops from increasingly extreme weather caused by climate change. But critics question the sustainability (可持续性) of operations that can require a lot of energy for artificial lights.And they say paying for that light can make profitability impossible.Curt Covington of AgAmerica Lending，a private investment company centered on agriculture，is not convinced that indoor farming operations can work—except in special cases.Given the high cost of indoor operations，Covington said，“It's just hard to be very profitable.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。在美国，室内食品种植有成功也有失败。食品行业的一些公司在竞争对手失败的情况下仍在投资。文章主要说明了室内食品种植的现状和人们对室内种植的看法，以及室内种植不确定的前景。 1．What is Jacob Portillo's attitude to the indoor food growing industry? A．Positive.　B．Worried.　C．Unclear.　D．Doubtful. 答案：A 解析：观点态度题。根据第三段内容可推断，Jacob Portillo对室内食物种植业持“肯定”的态度。故选A。 2．What can we learn about indoor farming? A．It takes a lot of manpower to take care of plants. B．It means growing plants in water instead of soil. C．It protects crops from increasingly extreme weather. D．It is different from controlled environment agriculture. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“Indoor growing is also a way to protect crops from increasingly extreme weather caused by climate change.”可知，室内农业保护作物免受日益极端的天气影响。故选C。 3．Why did Curt Covington question indoor farming operations? A．They produce little food. B．They carry great cost. C．They need sunlight. D．They lack investors. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“Given the high cost of indoor operations，Covington said，‘It's just hard to be very profitable.’”可知，Covington质疑室内农业的运营是因为其成本太高。故选B。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．What Types of Food Can Be Grown Indoors? B．How Can You Grow Food Indoors Without Soil? C．Indoor Farming Companies Take Agriculture Indoors D．Indoor Food Growing Operations Face an Uncertain Future　 答案：D 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段内容结合文章主要说明了室内食品种植的现状和人们对室内种植的看法，以及室内种植不确定的前景。故D选项“室内食品种植面临不确定的未来”最适合作文章标题。故选D。 B (2024·福建省三明市高二上期中) Bigger bumblebees (大黄蜂) spend time learning the locations of the most nectar-rich (花蜜多的) flowers，so they can easily find them again，new research finds.Smaller bees，on the other hand，aren't quite as choosy in their flower selection. After drinking from a flower，bumblebees decide if it's worth visiting again.If the flower is rich in nectar，bumblebees will perform what are known as learning flights to study the location around the flowers.They will slowly fly around the flower，and then fly away from it，looking back at its location.They will remember the flower and the views all around it.On their next trip，the bees match what they see with the views they have already memorized.This takes them back to the flower's location. For the study，researchers set up an experiment in a greenhouse where they could watch bees visit artificial flowers containing varying concentrations (不同浓度) of sugar solutions.The flowers had sugar solutions ranging from 10% to 50% sugar.When the concentration was greater，the larger bees spent more time circling the flowers and making learning flights.When the concentration was smaller，the length of time the bees spent looking at the flower and flying around it dropped. Smaller bees spent the same amount of effort learning where the flowers were，no matter whether the concentration of sugar was low or high. The difference likely shows the different roles of the bees in their colonies (群体)，the researchers said. “Large bumblebees are able to carry larger loads (负载) and explore further from the nest than smaller ones.Smaller ones with a smaller flight range and carrying capacity cannot afford to be as picky and so accept a wider range of flowers，” the researchers said in the study.“Smaller bees often take on more tasks inside the nest，only going out to search for food when food supplies are running low.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现，大黄蜂会花时间记忆最有采蜜价值的花朵位置，而小蜜蜂则不会，这种不同可能显示了蜜蜂在群体中的不同分工。 5．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．How bumblebees tell one flower from another. B．How bumblebees make flights among flowers. C．How bumblebees remember the locations of flowers. D．How bumblebees tell others where sweet flowers are. 答案：C 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要讲述了大黄蜂记住一朵花的位置的方式。故选C。 6．What did researchers find out in their experiment? A．Bees dislike the flowers in the greenhouse. B．The bigger flowers are，the more bees there are. C．Smaller bees are more likely to forget a flower's location. D．The sweeter a flower is，the longer time bigger bees spend around it. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“When the concentration was greater，the larger bees spent more time circling the flowers and making learning flights.”可知，花朵越甜，大体型的蜜蜂在花朵周围的时间就越长。故选D。 7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Smaller bees are better at building nests. B．Bees' duties might depend on their sizes. C．Bees of different sizes have different tastes. D．There're more large bees than small ones in a nest. 答案：B 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，体型大的大黄蜂能够携带更多的花蜜，而且能够探索更远的地方，而体型小的蜜蜂则不具备这种优势，它们主要在蜂巢内工作，由此可推测出，不同体型的蜜蜂有不同的职责。故选B。 8．In which part of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Nature. B．Technology. C．Style. D．Opinion. 答案：A 解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要围绕bumblebees(大黄蜂)和smaller bees(小蜜蜂)的习性展开，讲述了大黄蜂会花时间记忆值得采的花朵位置，而小蜜蜂则不会，这主要是和其分工不同有关，由此可推测出，这属于自然科学，最有可能出自报纸的“自然”栏目。故选A。 Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分) (2024·安徽省无为襄安中学高二上期中) Each year，we take more than 100 billion tons of natural materials from the earth 1. (make) the products we buy.However，about two-thirds of them 2. (eventual) becomes waste，including almost 3 billion plastic bottles 3. end up in the ocean every year. Since the 1860s，we 4. (follow) a common business model.Industries take natural materials，they make things，we use them，and then we throw them away.Environmentalists and economists warn that this model is not good for the environment，so they suggest 5. new choice：a circular economy (循环经济). A circular economy 6. (base) on the idea of reducing waste by keeping the natural，materials and products in use for much 7. (long).It works in a circle，very much the way nature does.The circular economy uses a range of 8. (strategy)，such as recycling and reusing.In a circular economy，products are designed to be long-lasting and easy to repair from the 9. (begin).In this way，we can keep the balance 10. human and nature. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。主要描述了现如今我们自然资源利用率不高，造成严重的资源浪费现象，环保主义者和经济学家就此提出了一种新模式：循环经济。 1．答案：to make 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，该句子谓语动词是take，所以该空填非谓语动词。由句意可知，此处要用不定式to make，作目的状语。故答案为to make。 2．答案：eventually 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构，该空在句中作状语，所以要用副词，eventual的副词是eventually，表示“最终；终于”。故答案为eventually。 3．答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构，此处考查限制性定语从句，修饰先行词3 billion plastic bottles，指物，从句缺少主语，所以填关系代词that或which。故答案为that/which。 4．答案：have followed 解析：考查时态。由时间状语Since the 1860s可知，时态为现在完成时，表示该动作从过去一直持续到现在，主语是we，助动词用have。故答案为have followed。 5．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构，choice是可数名词单数，此处表泛指且是第一次在文中出现，所以填不定冠词，new的发音以辅音音素开头，所以填a。故答案为a。 6．答案：is based 解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构，该空是句子的谓语动词，be based on表示“基于……”，主语A circular economy是单数，此处是客观事实，时态为一般现在时，故答案为is based。 7．答案：longer 解析：考查比较级。空前的much常常修饰比较级，所以空处填longer。故答案为longer。 8．答案：strategies 解析：考查名词的单复数。空前是a range of，所以空处要使用可数名词复数，即strategies。故答案为strategies。 9．答案：beginning 解析：考查名词和固定短语。空前是定冠词，所以空处填其名词形式，即beginning，构成短语from the beginning，表示“从一开始”。故答案为beginning。 10．答案：between 解析：考查介词。根据空前关键词keep the balance和空后关键词and，空处填介词between，构成短语keep the balance between...and...，表示“保持……和……之间的平衡”。故答案为between。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $