UNIT 4 Section Ⅳ Lesson 2-【金版新学案】2025-2026学年新教材高二英语选择性必修第二册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书word（北师大版）

Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 Step Ⅰ　Before listening 词汇热身 1．tension n.　　　　　　 紧张；焦虑；焦急 2．muscle n. 肌肉 3．physical adj. 身体的，肉体的 4．blood vessel 血管 5．psychological adj. 心理的，精神的 6．mood n. 心情，情绪 7．far-reaching adj. 影响深远的 8．energise vt. 使充满活力；使增强决心 9．immune adj. 有免疫力的 10．cell n. 细胞 11．infection n. 感染；传染 12．incorporate vt. 把……并入；包含 13．whisper vi.&vt. 悄声说，低语，耳语 14．blush vi. 脸红 15．embarrassment n. 窘迫；尴尬 16．accidentally adv. 偶然地，意外地 17．expense n. 费用，花费 Step Ⅱ　While listening While listening to conversation 4.3，fill in the blanks. Good morning and thank you for 1.joining me today. The title of my speech today is “Why do we need 2.humour？”. I believe that all of us enjoy watching a 3.comedy film or hearing a good joke， because it makes us laugh 4.all the time. Babies laugh long before they can speak. It’s almost as if humour is hard-wired into us. So there must be some kind of 5.benefit to it. What can humour do for us？ According to recent research， humour has both physical and 6.psychological effects. While listening to conversation 4.4，fill in the blanks. Let’s talk about the physical effects. Firstly， 7.laughter helps relieve tension. It relaxes the muscles in our body， and the effects can be felt for as long as 45 minutes after a good laugh. Also， a good laugh 8.increases blood flow to the heart and improves the function of blood vessels， which helps 9.protect us from heart disease. Finally， when we laugh， the level of 10.stress chemicals in our body falls， and the number of immune cells in our body increases. Both mean that our body is better able to 11.fight infection. While listening to conversation 4.5，fill in the blanks. There is a song that says， “Smile， though your heart is breaking.” Does it mean there is a 12.relation between smiling and mood？ The answer is YES. Humour also has psychological 13.effects on our mind. Scientists have proved that there is a two-way effect between smiling and mood: when we’re happy， we naturally smile; and when we smile， even if we don’t feel like it， it can also make us feel happy. Besides， when we incorporate humour as part of our life 14.attitude， it can have far-reaching effects. What does “far-reaching effects” mean？ It means that 学生用书第19页 it will have a great 15.influence on how we live. We all know that if we are in a bad 16.mood， we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings; and this makes those around us down， too. But if we always try to be 17.positive and funny， people will enjoy our company and feel energised by it. That’s the end of my talk. I hope you’ll 18.benefit from humour in your lives. Thank you. And now I’m happy to answer any questions ... While listening to conversation 4.7，fill in the blanks. (M＝Mike　J＝Jennifer) M：Hi，Jennifer. J：Oh，hello， Mike. How was the party？ M：It was great! But I really 19. embarrassed myself. J：Really？ What did you do？ M: I kept on getting the host’s name wrong! When we got there，I 20.introduced him to someone as “Richard”. But his name is Cliff. J：Oh dear! That’s 21.awkward． M：Very awkward. Then， right at the end of the party， I went to him and said—in front of everybody—“Thanks for the wonderful party， Richard”. Everybody else got really 22.quiet. After a while， somebody whispered in my ear. “His name is Cliff， not Richard.” I felt so embarrassed. I couldn’t stop 23.blushing. J：How did you 24.handle the situation？ M：I made a joke about myself and that helped solve all the embarrassments. J：How clever! Tell me more about it. M: Well， you know I’d recently read an article that introduced some ways to solve an awkward 25.situation. One example of this is that you can use humour to get people to laugh at you. For instance， if you 26.accidentally pour coffee all over yourself， you can laugh at yourself or make a joke about it. You can say， for example， “My T-shirt also wants to have a cup of coffee.”That way， other people can laugh too， without being rude about 27.laughing at someone else’s expense. Laughter is a great way to make people feel 28.comfortable in an awkward situation. So I just started laughing and said， “Oh dear， one of these days I’m going to forget my own name！” Everybody laughed， even Richard—I mean Cliff. J：You’re so smart! 29.Humour is really a great way to deal with an awkward situation. Step Ⅲ　Post listening 听力技巧点拨——意图、观点与态度 考点诠释 解答说话者的意图类试题时，应注意一些具有倾向性的词语或者转折词语，如would like to，prefer，but 等。解答说话者的观点和态度类试题时，一方面应注意谈话者的语气与语调，领会其言外之意，另一方面可借助代表性的词语，如听到happy， glad， nice， wonderful， sad， surprised， disappointed，angry等词，可推断出谈话者高兴、赞扬、伤心、惊讶、失望、愤怒等情绪；如听到sure，believe，agree，disagree，like，dislike，hate，wonder，doubt，oppose等词，可推断出谈话者同意与不同意、喜欢与不喜欢、肯定与怀疑、可能与不可能、能够与不能够、责备与抱怨等个人意向。 词汇表达 目的意图：main goal 主要目标；mean意思是；make a decision 做决定；the purpose of the conversation谈话的目的；imply暗示；believe in相信；suppose假设；chance机会；wonder想知道；appear出现；believe it or not信不信由你；explain解释；not decide yet还没有决定；to be honest 说实话；after all 毕竟；in addition 除了；in my point of view在我看来；with the intention of 目的是；for the purpose of 为了 学生用书第20页 观点态度：think of 认为；opinion of...对……的意见；feel about感受；think about考虑；认为；say about...说说……；attitude to/towards对……的态度；in my opinion在我看来；certainly not 当然不是；wonderful太好了；I agree我同意；I can’t agree more我非常同意；I think so 我想是这样；would like to do sth想要做某事；prefer喜欢；but但是；believe相信；agree 同意；disagree不同意；like喜欢；dislike不喜欢；hate讨厌；wonder想知道；doubt怀疑；oppose反对；I wish I had been there.我真希望我当时在那儿。You can’t be serious.你不可能是认真的。unforgettable 难忘的；terrific很棒的；delighted高兴的；disappointed 失望的；enthusiastic热情的；positive 积极的；hard-working勤奋工作的；objective客观的 提问方式 1．What does the man mean？ 2．What does the woman think of the man’s stories？ 3．How does the man feel about the woman’s remarks？ 4．How does the woman find the ads？ 5．What’s the purpose of the man？ 6．What’s the attitude of the woman to the man？ Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 mood n．心情，情绪 (教材原句)The two-way effect between smiling and mood 微笑与心情的双向效应 (1)be in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好 be/feel in the/no mood for sth/to do sth 有/没有做某事的心情 (2)moody adj. 喜怒无常的　　 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Having been punished by his teacher，he was in a very bad mood. ②I’m not in the mood to listen(listen) to the woman’s complaints. ③简心情如此好，以至于她几乎要跳起来，眼里噙满了喜悦的泪水。 Jane was in such a good mood that she almost jumped up and tears of happiness filled her eyes. whisper vi.& vt.悄声说，低语，耳语 (教材原句) After a while，somebody whispered in my ear：“His name is Cliff，not Richard.” 过了一会儿，有人在我耳边小声说：“他叫克里夫，不是理查德。” (1)whisper sth to sb 把某事悄悄告诉某人 whisper (sth)in one’s ear 在某人耳旁小声说(某事) It is/was whispered that... 有人私下说……；据秘密传闻…… (2)in a whisper/in whispers(＝in a low voice) 低声地 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She said it in a whisper，so I didn’t hear，which made me curious. ②Bravely running the race， I know I will whisper to myself the words “Keep going”． ③他们的母亲既震惊又骄傲，小声说：“谢谢，我的孩子们。我真的很感激你们为我所做的一切！” Shocked and proud，their mother said in whispers/in a whisper，“Thanks，my kids.I really appreciate what you have done for me！” 学生用书第21页　　 embarrassment n．窘迫，尴尬 (教材原句)I made a joke about myself and that helped solve all the embarrassments. 我对自己开了个玩笑，这有助于解决所有的尴尬。 (1)to one’s embarrassment 让某人感到尴尬的是 (2)embarrass vt. 使窘迫，使尴尬；使为难 It embarrasses/embarrassed sb to do sth 做某事使某人窘迫 (3)embarrassed adj. 尴尬的，窘迫的 be embarrassed at/about 对……感到为难/尴尬　　 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He offered an embarrassed (embarrass) apology when he accidentally stepped on her foot. ②It embarrasses me to recall (recall) my poor performance at the party. ③She’s embarrassed at/about her height. ④她看起来很面熟，但令我尴尬的是，我忘了她的名字。 She looks familiar to me，but to my embarrassment，her name escapes me. 【巧学助记】　His embarrassing questions made me embarrassed greatly.I felt my face burning with embarrassment. 他那些令人尴尬的问题使我很尴尬。我尴尬得满脸通红。 expense n．费用，花费 (教材原句)That way，other people can laugh too，without being rude about laughing at someone else’s expense.这样，其他人也可以笑，而不会因为嘲笑别人而显得无礼。 (1)at sb’s expense　 嘲笑某人 at the expense of 以……为代价；由……支付费用 spare no expense to do sth 不惜一切代价做某事 (2)expend vt. 花费 (3)expensive adj. 昂贵的；花钱的　　 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The organization spared no expense to hold (hold)a grand charity event. ②His rapid promotion was at the expense of his personal life. ③“The concert tickets have become really expensive (expend)， haven’t they？” she exclaimed. ④我自费修理了我的旧自行车。 I repaired my old bicycle at my own expense． Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 句型公式：be likely to do sth有可能做某事 (教材原句)We all know that if we are in a bad mood，we are likely to express negative attitudes and feelings... 我们都知道，如果我们心情不好，我们很可能会表达出消极的态度和感觉…… (1)Sb/Sth be likely to do sth＝It’s likely that...做某事是可能的 (2)unlikely adj.不太可能发生的 Sb/Sth be unlikely to do sth＝It’s unlikely that ...做某事是不可能的 (3)It is probable/possible that ...有可能…… 完成句子 ①当我知道我们很可能会得救时，我的心高兴得跳了起来。(读后续写之心理描写) My heart leaped with joy as I knew we were likely to be saved． ②“从他所说的话来看，他不太可能支持你的申请。”汤姆对我说。(读后续写之语言描写) “Judging by what he said，it’s very unlikely that he’ll be able to support your application，”Tom said to me. 课时测评4　Section Ⅳ　Lesson 2 (时间：60分钟　满分：100分) (本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！) [语境基础练] 维度一　根据汉语意思及首字母提示填入单词的适当形式(每小题1分，共10分) 1．She often blushes (脸红) when speaking to strangers. 2．The house was painted and decorated again at great expense (费用). 3．Those cells (细胞) divide and give many other different types of cells. 4．Smiling and laughing have actually been shown to relieve tension (紧张) and stress. 5．After dressing up，he sat close to his friend，whispering (悄声说) something to him. 6．As a matter of fact，what the volunteers did was really far-reaching (影响深远的). 7．The vegetable is nutritious and can help to strengthen the immune (有免疫力的) system. 8．The exercises are designed to strengthen your stomach muscles (肌肉). 9．We should take regular physical exercise to build our bodies. 10．The surrounding things always have an effect on our mood． 维度二　单句语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) 1．My coach’s teachings have a far-reaching influence on my athletic performance. 2．We benefit a great deal from the boom in the e-commerce industry. 3．It’s a regret that he built his fortune at the expense of his integrity. 4．There are many things you can do to reduce your risk of infection (infect). 5．It’s high time that we adopted urgent policies to protect wildlife from being hunted. 6．It is thought that some video games can do harm to people physically (physical) and socially. 7．Always surrounded by honors，praises and gifts，young kids nowadays are easy to suffer psychological (psychology) problems when things go against them. 8．It was annoying to hear some students sitting at the back talking in whispers while the lesson was going on. 9．She rose from her chair，and hesitated for a moment，wondering how to hide her inner embarrassment (embarrass). 10．You accidentally (accidental) reveal to the entire company what menu choices you would prefer at the staff dinner. 维度三　完成句子/同义句转换(每小题2分，共10分) 1．虽然他心情不好，但他低下头来掩饰，勉强笑了一下。 Though he was in a bad mood，he dropped his head to hide it and managed a smile. 2．你哥哥擅长英语，所以你可以让他帮助你。 Your brother is good at English，so you can get him to help you． 3．给孩子足够的空间表达他们的意见，即使他们的意见和你的不同。 Give children enough space to voice their opinions，even if they are different from your own． 4．他们要向公众表明，他们所做的工作重要，且必不可少。 They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job. 5．It is likely that you will get into trouble if you break the rules. →You will be likely to get into trouble if you break the rules. [素能提升练] Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题5分，共40分) A (2025·贵州遵义航天高级中学高二期中) Australians are pretty bold (大胆的) when it comes to humour.Not afraid of saying something insulting (冒犯的) in the name of a good laugh，they generally don’t hold back.This is always done in fun，however. You get yourself a haircut before going to meet your new Aussie friend.You’re expecting to be praised，but what you hear is，“Did you have a fight with a lawnmower (割草机)？” You might take this as an insult，but it’s just your friend’s way of saying that you’ve had a haircut. Your friend comes knocking at your bedroom door one morning to tell you you’re late for class.You stayed up late studying the night before and you look a mess.Your friend thinks you need to put a brush through your hair before leaving，but instead of just saying so he says，“Wow.Your hair looks like a bush for a pig’s arse.”He’s trying to be nice. Australia is one of the countries on this planet where making fun of someone is a sign of friendship.If you find yourself being made fun of lots，it could be that you’ve scored yourself a whole lot of new friends.Consider yourself lucky—these insults are all parts of building a relationship. Australians also use a lot of sarcasm (讽刺).You foolishly say something that’s obvious (明显的).For example，“A six-pack of beer is named after the number of beers you get in the pack，the number being six.” A normal answer would be “That is the most obvious statement I’ve ever heard”，but an Australian would say，“Really？ You’re so clever.” Now let’s say your teacher tells you that there will be a test the following day.Australians might say，“Great.I can’t wait to add preparing for a test to my already long to-do list.Thank you for this gift．” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚人幽默、讽刺的语言表达方式。 1．According to Paragraphs 2 and 3，Australians try to be humorous ． A．by telling funny jokes B．by making fun of friends C．by laughing at themselves D．by showing unfriendliness 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。通过第二段和第三段给出的两个例子可知，澳大利亚人试图通过取笑朋友来表现幽默。故选B。 2．What does the author suggest you do when you are laughed at by an Australian？ A．Accept it readily. B．Fight back bravely. C．Mind your behavior. D．End the relationship. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，作者认为当你被澳大利亚人嘲笑的时候，你应该欣然接受。故选A。 3．What do Australians want to express by saying “Thank you for this gift” in the last paragraph？ A．Dislike. B． Worry. C．Gladness. D．Thankfulness. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的第一句和最后一段的内容可知，“Thank you for this gift”表达的是相反的情绪，因此推测为不喜欢。故选A。 4．How is the text mainly developed？ A．By telling stories. B．By making comparisons. C．By providing examples. D．By examining differences. 答案：C 解析：写作手法题。通读全文可知，文中在说明澳大利亚人如何表现幽默和讽刺时，使用了大量的例子。故选C。 B Culture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.Remember that unlucky accidents with service providers may take place because of cultural or linguistic misunderstandings，and that getting angry will make communication more difficult and cause bad feelings.A taste of humour can make hard situations more meaningful and enjoyable to you，your fellow travellers and the local friends you’ve made. Keep a journal or carry a small tape recorder and make regular entries or recordings.Taking a step back and telling an experience after some time will open the door to humour.Write a letter or an email to a friend when you find your humour reducing.Challenge yourself to tell at least one good story in this message and you’ll be surprised at how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation. Keep a list of funny things that you observe during your first few days in a new culture，and an explanation of what you think these things are all about.Look back on these lists later in the trip；what seemed strange before is probably familiar now，and your explanations may be funnier than the things themselves！Imagine writing an entry in a guidebook about a frustrating experience.How would you describe your experience to the later travellers？What travel advice would you offer？ Try to see yourself through the eyes of the locals.What might they find strange or funny about what you are doing at this moment？When you find it difficult to overcome cultural differences，taking a new look at yourself can be very funny.Be careful not to sacrifice (牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。幽默可以使由于文化差异而给旅行者造成的不良情形得以改观。文章主要给那些要旅游而且希望变得幽默的人提供了三条建议。 5．Why will the travellers often get depressed according to the text？ A．Because of being short of money. B．Because of the different thoughts on the same thing. C．Because of not having enough clothes. D．Because of the unlucky fellow travellers’ trouble. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句可知，文化冲击和思维的差异会使旅行者不快乐。故选B项。 6．What should you do when you try to keep your sense of humour in foreign countries？ A．Tell anything that you find entertaining. B．Learn to respect the local customs. C．Know how to overcome cultural differences. D．Try to tell anything particularly funny. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Be careful not to sacrifice(牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.”可知，要尊重当地的传统文化。故选B。 7．What can you infer from the passage？ A．The funny things will be always interesting and never change. B．The funny things will always make people happy. C．If the people didn’t experience the things，they would find them funny. D．The things seemed strange before they are surely becoming the familiar things. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“you’ll be surprised at how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation”可知，没有经历过那些事情的人会发现它们很有趣。故选C。 8．Who is the text intended for？ A．The performers who act in the music hall. B．The actors who often act in the theatre. C．The travellers who are experienced. D．The travellers who want to be humorous. 答案：D 解析：写作对象题。通读全文可知，文章是为那些要旅游而且希望变得幽默的人写的。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题2分，共30分) (2025·广西高二检测) I woke up with only one thing on my mind: what to wear. A billion 1 raced through my brain as wooden hangers moved back and forth. It was my first day of high school in a new state; first impression are everything， and it was necessary to 2 the people who I’d spend the next four years with. It wasn’t insecurity that drove me to 3 but the fact that this was my third time being the 4 kid. Frequent moving does something to a child’s development. I struggled finding reliable 5 . But this time Dad’s company ensured my starting and finishing high school in the 6 place. This time mattered， which made me nervous. I emerged 7 in a patterned dress after riding(扫荡) my closet. I felt just as confident as I 8 the bus. But my jaw dropped to the floor when I found Mrs. Hutfilz， my English teacher， 9 the exact same dress as I did. I kept my head down and tiptoed to my seat， but the first day 10 introductions in front of the class， and soon enough it was my 11 . I made it through my minute speech， until Hutfilz stood up， jokingly 12 she liked my style. All the anxiety that had accumulated (积累) throughout the morning surprisingly 13 . The students raised heads as I shared my story. My 14 grew as I giggled(咯咯地笑) with my classmates. After class， I stayed behind， sharing with Mrs. Hutfilz my previous understanding about coming into a new school and state. I was 15 to make a humorous and genuine connection with my first teacher in the coming days. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在开学第一天穿了和老师一样的裙子，非常担心和紧张，结果老师开玩笑说喜欢作者的风格，这让作者的焦虑消失了。 1．A.insights B． thoughts C．ambitions D．motivations 答案：B 解析：根据上文“I woke up with only one thing on my mind: what to wear.”和下文“It was my first day of high school in a new state; first impression are everything， and it was necessary to the people who I’d spend the next four years with.”可知，作者是第一天在一个新的地方上学，要给人们留下深刻的印象，因此对于想要穿什么衣服十分在意，因此绞尽脑汁想穿什么衣服更好。故选B。 2．A．impress B．experience C．expect D．criticize 答案：A 解析：根据上文“It was my first day of high school in a new state; first impression are everything”可知，第一印象很重要，给未来四年与我共度时光的人留下深刻印象是必要的。故选A。 3．A．astonishment B． confusion C．amusement D．madness 答案：D 解析：根据下文“but the fact that this was my third time being the kid ”可知，第三次成为一个新学生让作者感到疯狂。表示“把某人逼疯”可知，应用drive sb to madness。故选D。 4．A．uncomplicated B． occasional C．new D．regular 答案：C 解析：根据下文“Frequent moving does something to a child’s development.”可知，作者不断搬家，换学校，因此推断此处说的是作者第三次成了一个新学生。故选C。 5．A.friends B． relatives C．celebrities D．roommates 答案：A 解析：根据上文“Frequent moving does something to a child’s development.”和下文“But this time Dad’s company ensured my starting and finishing high school”可知，搬家对作者有影响，作者需要努力去寻找朋友。故选A。 6．A．precious B． same C．novel D．faraway 答案：B 解析：根据上文“Dad’s company ensured my starting and finishing high school”并结合常识可知，父亲的陪伴确保作者在同一个地方开始和完成高中学业。故选B。 7．A．doubtfully B． nervously C．proudly D．sincerely 答案：C 解析：根据下文“I felt just as confident as I the bus.” 可知，作者一开始非常自信，穿着裙子很骄傲。故选C。 8．A．proceeded to B． participated in C．engaged in D．stepped off 答案：D 解析：根据下文“But my jaw dropped to the floor when I found Mrs. Hutfilz， my English teacher”可知，作者下车时是非常自信。故选D。 9．A．designing B． restoring C．bringing D．wearing 答案：D 解析：根据下文“the exact same dress as I did”可知，此处是英语老师穿着和作者一样款式的裙子。故选D。 10．A．performed B． meant C．debated D．dominated 答案：B 解析：根据上文“but the first day”和下文“introductions in front of the class”以及常识可知，上学第一天意味着要做自我介绍。故选B。 11．A．turn B． fashion C．fact D．wonder 答案：A 解析：根据下文“I made it through my minute speech”可知，很快就轮到作者做自我介绍了。故选A。 12．A．discussing B． remembering C．adding D．replying 答案：C 解析：根据下文“she liked my style”可知，老师看到作者和自己穿着一样的裙子，所以是开作者玩笑，增加说到她喜欢作者的风格。故选C。 13．A．exploded B． multiplied C．formed D．disappeared 答案：D 解析：根据上文“All the anxiety that had accumulated(积累)throughout the morning surprisingly”和下文“After class， I stayed behind， sharing with Mrs. Hutfilz my previous understanding about coming into a new school and state.”可知，老师的玩笑让作者的焦虑消失了。故选D。 14．A．virtue B． vision C．greed D．smile 答案：D 解析：根据下文“as I giggled(咯咯地笑) with my classmates”可知，作者的焦虑消失，和同学们在一起笑容也越来越多。故选D。 15．A．disappointed B． relieved C．disheartened D．frightened 答案：B 解析：根据下文“to make a humorous and genuine connection with my first teacher in the coming days”可知，作者和老师建立幽默真诚的关系，这让作者感到宽慰。故选B。 学生用书第22页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $