摘要:
该初中英语单元复习讲义通过分类梳理构建重点单词与短语知识体系,按“词性-搭配-拓展-例句”框架呈现24个核心词汇(如flight、challenge)和7个关键短语(如instead of、write down),用对比表格辨析易混词(如everywhere/anywhere/somewhere),清晰展现知识内在联系与重难点分布。
讲义亮点在于“用法讲练一体化”设计,即时演练涵盖填空、选择、翻译等题型,如通过“promise to do sth.”句型翻译题(我哥哥承诺明天帮我做数学作业)强化语言能力,借助“agree with/on/to”搭配辨析培养思维品质。基础题巩固知识,辨析题提升能力,支持学生自主复习,助力教师实施分层教学。
内容正文:
Unit 2 重点单词、短语用法讲练
1.flight n. (尤指乘飞机的)航程
· 常见短语、搭配:
take a flight 乘飞机
on a flight 在飞行途中
· 例句:
What’s your flight number? 你的航班号是多少?
She read a book on a flight. 她在飞行途中读了一本书。
◆ 即时演练:
1.Next month we will take a direct f _________ (航班) to Hong Kong.
2. We watched birds ______in the sky while waiting for our_______ to Shanghai.( fly)
2.schedule n. 日程安排
· 常见短语、搭配:
make a schedule 制定日程
follow the schedule 按日程进行
· 例句:
We must follow the schedule to finish the work. 我们必须按日程完成工作。
The project was finished ahead of schedule. 项目提前完成了。
◆ 即时演练:
3.I will check the ___________ (日程表) to see whether I’m free next Friday.
3.everywhere adv. 到处;各个地方
· 词汇拓展:
anywhere 表 “任何地方”(一般用在否定/疑问句)
somewhere 表 “某个地方”(一般用在肯定句)。
· 常见短语、搭配:
everywhere you go 无论你去哪
· 例句:
I looked everywhere for my key. 我到处找我的钥匙。
Flowers can be found everywhere in spring. 春天到处都能看到花。
Everywhere you go, you can see green trees. 无论你去哪,都能看到绿树。
◆ 即时演练:
4.My parents and I are looking for my pet cat e____________ , but I don’t think we can find it.
4.challenge v. 向(某人)挑战
challenge可作动词,也可作名词。
动词(v.):向(某人)挑战;质疑(初中核心)
名词(n.):挑战
· 常见短语、搭配:
a big challenge 一个大挑战
challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战做某事
challenge sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人挑战做某事
face a challenge 面对挑战
· 例句:
He challenged me to a chess game. 他向我挑战下象棋。
Teachers often challenge us to think independently. 老师常鼓励我们独立思考。
We need to face challenges bravely. 我们要勇敢面对挑战。
◆ 即时演练:
5.The young man ______ his friend to a chess game, showing great confidence.
A. invited B. suggested C. challenged D. advised
6.她总是挑战自己去突破极限。
She always ______ herself ______ break through the limits.
5.prize n. 奖赏;奖励
近义词:award
· 常见短语、搭配:
win a prize 获奖
the first prize 一等奖
award sb. a prize 给某人颁奖
· 例句:
She won a prize in the English competition. 她在英语竞赛中获奖了。
He got the first prize for his painting. 他的画获得了一等奖。
The school awarded her a prize for hard work. 学校因她努力学习给她颁奖。
◆ 即时演练:
7.They were happy to know that they ________ the first ________ last week.
A.wins; price B.won; prize C.win; prize D.won; praise
6.promise v. 承诺;保证
promise可以作动词,也可以作名词
动词(v.):承诺,保证
名词(n.):承诺,诺言
· 词汇拓展:
promising adj.有希望的
· 常见短语、搭配:
make a promise 许下诺言
keep a promise 遵守诺言
promise to do sth. 承诺做某事
promise sb. sth. 向某人承诺某事
· 例句:
I promise to help you with your homework. 我承诺帮你做作业。
They made a promise to help each other whenever one of them was in trouble.
他们许下诺言,无论谁遇到麻烦都要互相帮助。
She always keeps a promise and never breaks it, so everyone trusts her very much. 她总是遵守诺言,从不食言,所以大家都很信任她。
Mom promised me a new book. 妈妈承诺给我一本新书。
◆ 即时演练
8.—It’s useless to regret what has been done. Don’t make the same mistake again.
—I won’t. That’s a(n) ________.
A.request B.thought C.agreement D.promise
9. 我哥哥承诺明天帮我做数学作业。
My brother _______ _____ _____me with math homework tomorrow.
7.chessboard n. 国际象棋棋盘
· 例句:
Put the king on the chessboard. 把国王放在棋盘上。
8.silver n. 银
· 常见短语、搭配:
made of silver 由银制成
a piece of silver 一块银
· 例句:
This cup is made of silver. 这个杯子是银制的。
9.reply v. 回复;答复
reply可作动词,也可作名词
动词(v.):回复;答复
名词(n.):回复;答复
· 常见短语、搭配:
reply to sb./sth. 回复某人 / 某事
make a reply 作出回复
· 例句:
He made a reply to the question. 他对这个问题作出了回复。
Reply to my email soon. 尽快回复我的邮件。
◆ 即时演练
10.Will you please ________ to my email by Saturday?
A.answer B.delete C.reply D.refuse
10.hesitation n. 犹豫
· 词汇拓展:
hesitate v. 犹豫
· 短语、搭配:
without hesitation 毫不犹豫
hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
· 例句:
She agreed without hesitation. 她毫不犹豫地同意了。
He showed no hesitation to help. 他毫不犹豫地提供了帮助。
He hesitated to ask for help. 他犹豫着要不要求助。
◆ 即时演练
11.Don't h______ to tell me if you need any help.
11.wonder v. 想知道;琢磨
wonder可作动词,也可作名词
动词(v.):想知道;琢磨
名词(n.):奇迹;奇观
· 词汇拓展:
wonderful adj. 精彩的;绝妙的
· 短语、搭配:
It's a wonder +that从句 令人惊奇的是……
It's no wonder+ that从句 ……并不奇怪;……不足为奇
主语+ wonder + 疑问词从句(if/whether/what/how)
· 例句:
I wonder if you can help me. 我想知道你能不能帮我。
It's no wonder that he passed the exam. 他能通过考试并不奇怪。
◆ 即时演练
12.看那个在街上跑的人。我想知道发生了什么事。
________ ______the man running down the street. I _________ what’s ___________.
12.agree v. 同意;赞成
· 词汇拓展:
disagree v. 不同意
agreement n. 同意,(意见)一致;协议
· 短语、搭配:
agree with sb./ (doing) sth. 主观愿望的“赞成,同意
agree on /upon sth.双方或多方“在····方面取得一致意见”或“在··方面达成非 正式协议”
agree to sth.“同意;赞成;答应(某事)”,后面跟“提议”“办法”、“计划”“安 排”等内 容。
· 例句:
I don't agree with hitting children. 我不同意打孩子。
Musicians seldom agree on the way a piece of music should be played.
音乐家们很少就一首音乐的演奏方式达成一致。
At last his wife agreed to the trip if he allowed her to go also.
最后,如果他允许妻子也去,她同意了这次旅行。
◆ 即时演练
13.—We should take action to protect the environment.
—________. That’s very important.
A.Don’t mention it B.It doesn’t matter
C.I agree with you D.Have a good time
14. Last month, my best friend __________ (同意) to go to Zibo with me to taste its delicious food.
13. per cent n. 百分之……
美式英语常写作 “percent”,英式为 “per cent”。
· 用法
数字+ per cent:
30 per cent 30%;100 per cent 100%
per cent of + 名词:
50 per cent of the students 50%的学生(后接可数复数,谓语用复数)
20 per cent of the water 20%的水(后接不可数,谓语用单数)
· 例句:
50% of students speak English. 50%的学生说英语。
20% of water is sweet. 20%的水是甜的。
◆ 即时演练
15.It’s surprising that only ________ of news online ________true.
A.twenty percent, is B.twenty percents, are
C.twenty percent, are D.twenty percents, is
14.currently adv. 目前;当前
· 词汇拓展:
形容词:current 当前的;现在的
· 例句:
He currently works in Shanghai. 他目前在上海工作。
We are currently learning English grammar. 我们目前正在学英语语法。
15.check v. 检查;核查
check可以作动词,也可以作名词
动词(v.):检查;核查
名词(n.):检查;支票
· 词组、搭配:
check sth. 检查某物
check homework 检查作业
check the time 看时间
check in (酒店 / 机场)登记
check in at the hotel 酒店入住
check out (酒店)退房;结账
check out after breakfast 早餐后退房
◆ 即时演练
16. Before you hand in your test paper, you should ______ your answers carefully.
A. look B. see C. watch D. check
16.budget n. 预算
· 词组、搭配:
make a budget 做预算
within the budget 在预算内
exceed the budget 超出预算
· 例句:
The project exceeded the budget. 项目超出了预算。
We need to stay within the budget. 我们需要控制在预算内。
◆ 即时演练
17. At the beginning of the new year, I want to make a b______ for my lucky money.
17.province n. 省份
Chinese provinces 中国的省份
Guangdong Province 广东省(专有名词,首字母大写)
18.sharply adv. 急剧地;突然大幅度地
· 词汇拓展:
形容词:sharp 锋利的;急剧的
· 词组、搭配:
rise sharply 急剧上升
fall sharply 急剧下降
· 例句:
Prices rose sharply last month. 上个月物价急剧上涨。
The temperature fell sharply at night. 夜间气温急剧下降。
◆ 即时演练
18. The number of visitors to Guizhou during the Spring Festival increased ________ (sharp ).
19.count v. 计算(或清点)总数
count可以作动词,也可以作名词
动词(v.):计算(或清点)总数;数数
名词(n.):计数;总数
· 词组、搭配:
count sth. 清点某物
count from...to... 从…… 数到……
count on sb./sth. 依靠;指望
· 例句:
count the books 数书
count the money 数钱
You can count on me. 你可以指望我。
Count from 1 to 100. 从 1 数到 100。
◆ 即时演练
19.Don't forget to ______ the apples before you give them to the children.
A. count B. calculate C. consider D. control
20.system n. 系统
· 词组、搭配:
computer system 计算机系统
education system 教育体系
operating system 操作系统
· 例句:
A good education system is important for students.
好的教育体系对学生很重要。
21.symbol n. 符号;记号
· 词汇拓展:
symbolize v. 象征
· 短语、搭配:
a symbol of... …… 的象征
· 例句:
The dove is a symbol of peace. 鸽子是和平的象征。
◆ 即时演练
20.The national flag is a ______ of our country. It represents our pride and unity.
A. sign B. symbol C. signal D. mark
21.在中国,红色通常被视为好运的象征。
In China, red is usually regarded as ______ ______ ______ good luck.
22.represent v. 代表
· 词汇拓展:
名词:representation 代表;表现
· 短语、搭配:
represent sb./sth. 代表某人 / 某物
represent...as... 把…… 描绘成……
· 例句:
She represents our class in the competition. 她代表我们班参加竞赛。
The painting represents the city as a beautiful place.
这幅画把这座城市描绘成一个美丽的地方。
◆ 即时演练
22.This famous artwork ______ a busy street in old Beijing.
A. represents B. discovers C. creates D. invents
23.exactly adv. 准确地;确切地
· 短语、搭配:
exactly right 完全正确
not exactly 不完全是;未必
· 例句:
This is exactly what I was looking for. 这正是我一直在找的。
You’re exactly right. 你完全正确。
It’s not exactly a new idea. 这算不上是个新想法。
◆ 即时演练
23. —Thinking creatively and trying bravely are very important to young people.
—________. They’re valuable qualities.
A.Great B.That’s all right C.Exactly D.You’d better not
24.flight schedule 航班时刻表
· 例句:
Before going to the airport, my dad always checks the flight schedule to confirm the departure time.(去机场前,爸爸总会核对航班时刻表,确认起飞时间。)
You can find the flight to Guangzhou on this flight schedule.(你能在这张航班时刻表上找到去广州的航班。)
25.price tag 价格标签
· 例句:
I saw the price tag on the T-shirt—it costs 99 yuan.(我看到了这件 T 恤上的价格标签,它卖 99 元。)
My mom asked me to remove the price tags from the new clothes before washing them.(妈妈让我把新衣服上的价格标签撕掉再洗。)
26.for a moment 片刻;一会儿
for a moment作时间状语,表 “动作持续的时间很短(几秒到几分钟)”搭配动词多为 “持续类” 或 “停顿类” 动词,如 stop(停)、wait(等)、think(想)、look(看)等。
· 例句:
The teacher stopped speaking for a moment to let us take notes.(老师停了片刻没说话,让我们记笔记。)
He looked at the photo for a moment and then smiled.(他看了照片一会儿,然后笑了。)
27.without hesitation 毫不犹豫
· 例句:
When the old man fell down, the boy ran to help him without hesitation.(老人摔倒时,男孩毫不犹豫地跑过去帮忙。)
She said “yes” without hesitation when her friend invited her to the party.(朋友邀请她去派对时,她毫不犹豫地答应了。)
◆ 即时演练
24. 面对困难,他毫不犹豫地选择了坚持。
Facing difficulties, he chose to persevere ______ ______.
28.go up 上升
go up表 “数量、价格、温度、高度等由低到高变化”,主语多为如 price 价格、temperature 温度、number 数量、level 水平等。
· 例句:
After the rain stopped, the water level in the river went up a little.(雨停后,河里的水位上升了一点。)
◆ 即时演练
25. 蔬菜价格在冬天通常会上升。
The price of vegetables usually ______ _______ in winter.
29.go down 下降
go down表“数量、价格、温度、高度等由高到低变化”,与 “go up” 互为反义词。
“go down” 还可表 “(船)沉没、(太阳)落下”
· 例句:
The sun went down. 太阳落山了。
When the concert ended, the number of people in the hall went down quickly.(音乐会结束后,大厅里的人数很快下降了。)
The temperature goes down at night, so you need to wear a jacket.(晚上温度会下降,所以你需要穿件夹克。)
30.write down 写下;记下
write down是动副结构的短语,当宾语是名词,可放在短语中间或末尾,宾语是代词,必须放在短语中间。
· 例句:
write it down 写下它
write the number down /write down the number 写下号码
Please write down your phone number on this piece of paper.(请把你的电话号码写在这张纸上。)
I can’t remember the address, so I need to write it down quickly.(我记不住这个地址,所以得赶紧把它写下来。)
◆ 即时演练
26. 老师让我们记下重要的知识点。
The teacher asked us to ______ ______ the important points.
31.instead of 代替;作为……的替换
· 辨析instead与insteadof
instead of 介词短语, 意为“代替;而不是”, 在句中的位置比较灵活,其常用结构:instead of + n./pron/v.ing
instead用于修饰句子,位于句首时,常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。
· 例句:
I'll have tea instead of coffee. 我要喝茶,不喝咖啡。
◆ 即时演练
27.她没有玩电脑游戏,而是为考试而学习。
She didn’t play computer games. She studied for the test __________.
28. We need to tell people to just do one small thing well ________ 100 things poorly.
A.as well as B.instead of C.according to D.because of
参考答案
1. (f)light
2. fly; flight
3. schedule
4. (e)verywhere
5. C
6. challenges; to
7. B
8. D
9. promised to help
10. C
11. hesitate
12. Look; at; wonder; happening
13. C
14. agreed
15. A
16. D
17. (b)udget
18. sharply
19. A
20. B
21. a symbol of
22. A
23. C
24. without hesitation
25. goes up
26. write down
27. instead
28. B
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